Nature neuroscience最新文献_第3页

Reusable modular architecture enables flexible cognitive operations in the mouse brain and artificial recurrent networks 可重复使用的模块化架构实现了小鼠大脑和人工循环网络的灵活认知操作

IF 25 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-08-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-026-02410-0

Yuma Osako, Greggory R. Heller, Sofie Ährlund-Richter, Timothy J. Buschman, Mriganka Sur

{"title":"Reusable modular architecture enables flexible cognitive operations in the mouse brain and artificial recurrent networks","authors":"Yuma Osako, Greggory R. Heller, Sofie Ährlund-Richter, Timothy J. Buschman, Mriganka Sur","doi":"10.1038/s41593-026-02410-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-026-02410-0","url":null,"abstract":"Complex behaviors are built by combining simpler cognitive components. Computational modeling has shown that artificial neural networks can perform a variety of tasks by flexibly combining functional modules, each specialized for a specific computation, to construct a complex task. However, it is unknown whether reusable modular networks are found in the brain. Here we show that mice performing a delayed match-to-sample with delayed report task reuse neuronal subspaces that were specialized for stimulus processing and memory maintenance. These subspaces were reused during the task to represent new stimulus inputs and different types of memories, respectively. Clustering analyses showed that each subspace was supported by a distinct cluster of neurons in the prefrontal cortex and parietal cortex. Studying artificial recurrent networks constrained to neural data found that silencing-specific clusters disrupted specific computations, which is consistent with a modular and reusable organization. Altogether, our findings show that the brain can flexibly reuse computational components to perform a complex cognitive task.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148769365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microglia activation by derepression of endogenous retroviruses drives inflammation and cellular senescence 内源性逆转录病毒的抑制导致小胶质细胞的激活，从而导致炎症和细胞衰老

IF 25 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-08-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-026-02404-y

Xin Yan, Christina Georgopoulou, Hang-Mao Lee, Ala Ahrari, Jenny Russ, Vijay Chandrasekar, Tim Ducksch, Giuliano Crispatzu, Valentina Talevi, Liang Qiao, Shobhit Agrawal, Sophie Crux, Andrew W. Daman, Lena Wischhof, Miriam Stork, Margit Zweyer, Emma Dorotea Zanfi, Manon Chevallot-Beroux, Yunxiao Li, Elena De-Domenico, Dina Hüsson, Lorenzo Bonaguro, Yuanfang Li, Jonas Schulte-Schrepping, Qingyi Liang, Ketty Kessler, Dan Ehninger, Shahin Rafii, Jiankai Luo, Andreas Hermann, Annett Halle, Ying Liu, Elvira Mass, Melania Capasso, Hiroki Kato, Joachim L. Schultze, Pierluigi Nicotera, Daniele Bano, Steven Zvi Josefowicz, Martin Fuhrmann, Thomas Ulas, Marc Beyer, Juntang Lin, Monique M. B. Breteler, N. Ahmad Aziz, Paolo Salomoni

{"title":"Microglia activation by derepression of endogenous retroviruses drives inflammation and cellular senescence","authors":"Xin Yan, Christina Georgopoulou, Hang-Mao Lee, Ala Ahrari, Jenny Russ, Vijay Chandrasekar, Tim Ducksch, Giuliano Crispatzu, Valentina Talevi, Liang Qiao, Shobhit Agrawal, Sophie Crux, Andrew W. Daman, Lena Wischhof, Miriam Stork, Margit Zweyer, Emma Dorotea Zanfi, Manon Chevallot-Beroux, Yunxiao Li, Elena De-Domenico, Dina Hüsson, Lorenzo Bonaguro, Yuanfang Li, Jonas Schulte-Schrepping, Qingyi Liang, Ketty Kessler, Dan Ehninger, Shahin Rafii, Jiankai Luo, Andreas Hermann, Annett Halle, Ying Liu, Elvira Mass, Melania Capasso, Hiroki Kato, Joachim L. Schultze, Pierluigi Nicotera, Daniele Bano, Steven Zvi Josefowicz, Martin Fuhrmann, Thomas Ulas, Marc Beyer, Juntang Lin, Monique M. B. Breteler, N. Ahmad Aziz, Paolo Salomoni","doi":"10.1038/s41593-026-02404-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-026-02404-y","url":null,"abstract":"Aging-associated loss of chromatin compaction is linked to derepression of retrotransposable elements (RTEs) in mouse and human tissues. Whether such RTE transcription contributes to the microglia activation that is common in aged brains is unknown. Here, we show that DAXX, a histone chaperone and RTE repressor, is downregulated during aging, preserves microglia homeostasis and inhibits cellular senescence. Loss of Daxx in young-adult microglia drives a reactive phenotype marked by chromatin decompaction at RTEs, loss of homeostatic markers, cell cycle re-entry and behavioral changes. This state leads to DNA damage and microglial depletion, followed by replacement with DAXX-deficient/Apoehigh microglia displaying features of senescence. Sustained induction of senescence relies on promyelocytic leukemia protein, a DAXX-interacting factor and interferon target. Together, these findings highlight the importance of heterochromatin maintenance in preserving adult microglial identity and plasticity, with broader implications for brain homeostasis, healthy aging and behavior.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148769321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dendritic translation and neuroproteasome-mediated degradation of endogenous tau revealed by STARFISH 树突翻译和神经蛋白酶体介导的内源性tau蛋白降解

IF 20.3 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-08-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-026-02398-7

Kalin D. Konrad-Vicario, Victoria Paradise, Lara Y. Demir, Chi Nguyen, Christopher D. Makinson, Zhao Ming, Kapil V. Ramachandran

{"title":"Dendritic translation and neuroproteasome-mediated degradation of endogenous tau revealed by STARFISH","authors":"Kalin D. Konrad-Vicario, Victoria Paradise, Lara Y. Demir, Chi Nguyen, Christopher D. Makinson, Zhao Ming, Kapil V. Ramachandran","doi":"10.1038/s41593-026-02398-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41593-026-02398-7","url":null,"abstract":"In Alzheimer’s disease, the protein tau is thought to redistribute from axons to the somatodendritic compartment and form fibrillar aggregates. Although tau aggregation is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease, the dynamics of its synthesis and degradation are not well characterized. Given that nascent polypeptides are particularly susceptible to misfolding, local control of tau synthesis and degradation may be essential to prevent aggregation. Here we develop STARFISH, a method for visualizing the subcellular site of endogenous mRNA translation in primary neurons and in vivo with single-molecule sensitivity and near-codon resolution, without modifying the nascent polypeptide. Using STARFISH, we show that despite the broad distribution of Mapt mRNA, tau is translated exclusively in neuronal dendrites. About one-third of newly synthesized tau is co-translationally or peri-translationally degraded in dendrites by a neuronal-specific plasma-membrane-associated proteasome, the neuroproteasome. Failure of neuroproteasome-mediated degradation leads to the protein synthesis-dependent accumulation of somatodendritically mislocalized endogenous tau aggregates. These findings define a proteostasis mechanism that counterbalances the constitutive physiological overproduction of tau. We speculate that failure of this proteostasis system contributes to tau aggregation in dendrites in Alzheimer’s disease. STARFISH, a method for visualizing endogenous mRNA translation, is used to show that tau is translated exclusively in neuronal dendrites and rapidly degraded by neuroproteasomes. Failure of this degradation leads to accumulation of tau aggregates.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"29 9","pages":"2139-2150"},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148728984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-region neuron co-firing mediated by ripple oscillations supports distributed working memory representations. 由纹波振荡介导的跨区域神经元共放电支持分布式工作记忆表征。

IF 20.3 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-08-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-026-02403-z

Ilya A Verzhbinsky, Jonathan Daume, Sophia Cheng, Ueli Rutishauser, Eric Halgren

{"title":"Cross-region neuron co-firing mediated by ripple oscillations supports distributed working memory representations.","authors":"Ilya A Verzhbinsky, Jonathan Daume, Sophia Cheng, Ueli Rutishauser, Eric Halgren","doi":"10.1038/s41593-026-02403-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41593-026-02403-z","url":null,"abstract":"High-frequency (~90-Hz) ripple oscillations may promote integrative processing in mammalian brains. Co-occurrence of ripple oscillations has been associated with enhanced temporal binding of neural activity between nearby human cortical neurons, but whether co-ripple facilitation of neuronal coupling supports cognitive processing or occurs at greater distances remains unclear. Here we analyze intracranial recordings from patients implanted with microwire electrodes in the hippocampus, amygdala, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex and pre-supplementary motor area, bilaterally, during a working memory task. We demonstrate that ripple rates increase in all recorded regions during encoding, maintenance and retrieval. Co-occurrence of ripples increases between brain regions, associated with ~30% increases in cross-region co-firing, without decrement over distances up to 220 mm. Cross-regional co-rippling and associated co-firing scale with memory load during maintenance and retrieval. During retrieval, co-ripples promote reinstatement of stimulus-specific, long-distance co-firing patterns observed during encoding, especially during rapid recognition. Co-occurring ripple oscillations thus coordinate long-range, stimulus-specific neural co-firing supporting distributed representations during human cognition.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148726088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling maternal immune activation in 3D ex vivo human fetal brain cerebroids reveals IL-17A-driven disruption of cortical development. 在3D离体人类胎儿大脑中模拟母体免疫激活揭示了il - 17a驱动的皮质发育中断。

IF 20.3 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-08-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-026-02400-2

Muhammad Z K Assir, Mario Yanakiev, Do Hyeon Gim, Sara S M Valkila, Paola Muscolino, Peng Liu, Laetitia L Lecante, Paul A Fowler, Daniel A Berg, Eunchai Kang

{"title":"Modeling maternal immune activation in 3D ex vivo human fetal brain cerebroids reveals IL-17A-driven disruption of cortical development.","authors":"Muhammad Z K Assir, Mario Yanakiev, Do Hyeon Gim, Sara S M Valkila, Paola Muscolino, Peng Liu, Laetitia L Lecante, Paul A Fowler, Daniel A Berg, Eunchai Kang","doi":"10.1038/s41593-026-02400-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-026-02400-2","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal immune activation (MIA) disrupts brain development and increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, yet the mechanisms by which MIA impacts human cortical development remain poorly understood. Here we introduce a three-dimensional ex vivo culture system, termed 'cerebroids,' derived from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of human fetal brain tissue, which preserves the key developmental processes, cellular diversity and structural integrity of the developing human cortex. Using this model, we show that IL-17A, a cytokine implicated in MIA and neurodevelopmental disorders, induces premature cortical folding, increases cortical thickness and accelerates neurogenesis and neuronal maturation. We reveal that IL-17A substantially dysregulates extracellular-matrix-related pathways, including upregulation of proteoglycans. In neural stem cells, IL-17A directly activates NF-κB signaling, leading to sustained inflammatory responses that contribute to these developmental abnormalities, which are reversed by treatment with the NF-κB pathway inhibitor parthenolide. These findings delineate how IL-17A perturbs human corticogenesis while elucidating the mechanisms underlying brain disruption during MIA.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148713275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Susumu Tonegawa (1939–2026) 素木Tonegawa (1939 - 2026)

IF 20.3 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-08-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-026-02416-8

Steve Ramirez

引用次数: 0

Pyramidal cell types and circuit organization of the mouse insular cortex reveal functional specializations. 小鼠岛叶皮层的锥体细胞类型和电路组织揭示了功能特化。

IF 20.3 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-08-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-026-02391-0

Bart C Jongbloets, Yang Chen, Michael A Muniak, Ian K Gingerich, Kayla A Maanum, Tianyi Mao

{"title":"Pyramidal cell types and circuit organization of the mouse insular cortex reveal functional specializations.","authors":"Bart C Jongbloets, Yang Chen, Michael A Muniak, Ian K Gingerich, Kayla A Maanum, Tianyi Mao","doi":"10.1038/s41593-026-02391-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-026-02391-0","url":null,"abstract":"The insular cortex integrates interoceptive and exteroceptive information to mediate bodily homeostasis, emotion and learning. However, the cellular and circuit substrates governing insular functions are poorly understood compared to primary cortices. Here we quantify dendritic morphology together with projections, electrical properties and/or local inputs of 1,130 mouse insular pyramidal neurons. Neurons are mapped onto a quantitative Nissl-derived model of the insula. Using improved algorithms, we define 21 morphological, 12 electrical and 9 input neuronal types, some unique to the insula. Several types exhibit elaborate dendrites, reminiscent of primate cortical neurons. Furthermore, morphological properties constrain and often predict inputs, electrical properties, projection targets or molecular markers. Eight morphological types are differentially distributed between the functionally distinct anterior and posterior insula, facilitating a quantitative demarcation between these subregions. Certain types receive intra-insular excitatory inputs originating far beyond cortical columns, which functionally bridge a long-range thalamus-to-amygdala circuit linking sensory information to valence behaviorally. Our work establishes a structure-and-function foundation for investigating the insula.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148689673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Striatal endocannabinoids drive one-shot learning. 纹状体内源性大麻素驱动一次性学习。

IF 20.3 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-08-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-026-02392-z

Charlotte Piette, Arnaud Hubert, Sylvie Perez, Jérémy Peixoto, Nicolas Gervasi, Hugues Berry, Jonathan Touboul, Laurent Venance

{"title":"Striatal endocannabinoids drive one-shot learning.","authors":"Charlotte Piette, Arnaud Hubert, Sylvie Perez, Jérémy Peixoto, Nicolas Gervasi, Hugues Berry, Jonathan Touboul, Laurent Venance","doi":"10.1038/s41593-026-02392-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-026-02392-z","url":null,"abstract":"One-shot learning-the ability to form memories after a single, brief salient event-is essential for behavioral flexibility in a dynamic world. However, how one-shot learning unfolds in the brain and whether it relies on distinct plasticity mechanisms remains unknown. Here we show that a nonclassical plasticity mechanism requiring only a few stimulations-endocannabinoid-mediated long-term potentiation (eCB-LTP)-underlies one-shot learning in the striatum. To do so, we developed a one-shot behavioral paradigm-the sticky tape avoidance test-in which mice learn to avoid a piece of sticky tape after a spontaneous single and brief contact. Brief, but not prolonged, contacts drive striatal potentiation in vivo and engage coordinated cortical-striatal activity patterns consistent with eCB-LTP induction, as corroborated by ex vivo electrophysiology and computational modeling. Finally, genetic and pharmacological disruptions of eCB-LTP impaired one-shot learning. These results highlight the essential role of nonclassical plasticity mechanisms in supporting memory formation after a single experience.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148689653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuroligin-3-CSPG4 interaction maintains oligodendrocyte precursor cell progenitor state and promotes glioma proliferation through mechanotransduction. 神经胶质素-3- cspg4相互作用维持少突胶质前体细胞祖细胞状态，并通过机械转导促进胶质瘤增殖。

IF 20.3 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-026-02397-8

Yoon Seok Kim, Shawn M Gillespie, Anna C Geraghty, Belgin Yalçın, Alexis English Ivec, Aerin Yang, Rebecca Mancusi, Jared Hysinger, James Reed, Richard Drexler, Michael Quezada, Karen Malacon, Pamelyn Woo, Youkyeong Gloria Byun, Christopher Mount, Mable Lam, Yuan Pan, J Bradley Zuchero, Jacqueline Trotter, Michelle Monje

{"title":"Neuroligin-3-CSPG4 interaction maintains oligodendrocyte precursor cell progenitor state and promotes glioma proliferation through mechanotransduction.","authors":"Yoon Seok Kim, Shawn M Gillespie, Anna C Geraghty, Belgin Yalçın, Alexis English Ivec, Aerin Yang, Rebecca Mancusi, Jared Hysinger, James Reed, Richard Drexler, Michael Quezada, Karen Malacon, Pamelyn Woo, Youkyeong Gloria Byun, Christopher Mount, Mable Lam, Yuan Pan, J Bradley Zuchero, Jacqueline Trotter, Michelle Monje","doi":"10.1038/s41593-026-02397-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-026-02397-8","url":null,"abstract":"Glioma pathophysiology is robustly regulated by interactions with neurons. Key to these interactions is the role of neuroligin-3 (NLGN3), a synaptic adhesion molecule shed in response to neuronal activity that functions as a paracrine factor crucial for glioma growth. Here we elucidate the mechanistic pathway whereby shed NLGN3 interacts with glioma and their normal glial counterparts. NLGN3 binds to chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4, also known as NG2) on both glioma and healthy oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), facilitating CSPG4 shedding by ADAM10. NLGN3-CSPG4 interactions alter membrane tension, thereby activating mechanotransducers, primarily PIEZO1, leading to membrane depolarization and subsequent ADAM10-mediated CSPG4 shedding. The NLGN3-CSPG4-PIEZO1 pathway maintains OPCs in an undifferentiated, stem-like state and promotes glioma proliferation, underscoring its dual roles in healthy and malignant contexts.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative insights into insula structure and function 对脑岛结构和功能的比较研究。

IF 20.3 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-026-02380-3

Joey A. Charbonneau, Sarah B. Carp, Jeffrey L. Bennett, Savannah M. Maw, Gilda Moadab, John P. Christianson, Mark G. Baxter, Eliza Bliss-Moreau

{"title":"Comparative insights into insula structure and function","authors":"Joey A. Charbonneau, Sarah B. Carp, Jeffrey L. Bennett, Savannah M. Maw, Gilda Moadab, John P. Christianson, Mark G. Baxter, Eliza Bliss-Moreau","doi":"10.1038/s41593-026-02380-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41593-026-02380-3","url":null,"abstract":"The insular cortex has become an increasingly important focus of neuroscientific research because of its broad involvement in psychological and behavioral processes and its dysfunction in neuropsychiatric, developmental, degenerative and metabolic disorders. The insula is easily imaged in the human brain and is also a key target for both fundamental and translational studies in nonhuman animals. However, owing to a dearth of truly comparative studies on the insula, the extent to which this region shares structural and functional homologies between humans, monkeys and rodents remains incompletely understood. Here, we systematically evaluate current knowledge regarding homologies in the insula among model species and humans. We examine the strengths and limitations of various laboratory species for investigating the insula, and discuss how these factors influence the interpretation of findings and their application to the human insula. Finally, we propose research directions aimed at strengthening translational insula research and enhancing our understanding of cross-species similarities and differences. Charbonneau et al. compare how the insula is structured and functions in humans, monkeys and rodents, revealing similarities and differences across species that are likely to impact the translation of animal research to humans.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"29 9","pages":"2081-2102"},"PeriodicalIF":20.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0