Nature neuroscience最新文献_第2页

The developmental emergence of reliable cortical representations

IF 21.2 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01857-3

Sigrid Trägenap, David E. Whitney, David Fitzpatrick, Matthias Kaschube

{"title":"The developmental emergence of reliable cortical representations","authors":"Sigrid Trägenap, David E. Whitney, David Fitzpatrick, Matthias Kaschube","doi":"10.1038/s41593-024-01857-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41593-024-01857-3","url":null,"abstract":"The fundamental structure of cortical networks arises early in development before the onset of sensory experience. However, how endogenously generated networks respond to the onset of sensory experience and how they form mature sensory representations with experience remain unclear. In this study, we examined this ‘nature–nurture transform’ at the single-trial level using chronic in vivo calcium imaging in ferret visual cortex. At eye opening, visual stimulation evokes robust patterns of modular cortical network activity that are highly variable within and across trials, severely limiting stimulus discriminability. These initial stimulus-evoked modular patterns are distinct from spontaneous network activity patterns present before and at the time of eye opening. Within a week of normal visual experience, cortical networks develop low-dimensional, highly reliable stimulus representations that correspond with reorganized patterns of spontaneous activity. Using a computational model, we propose that reliable visual representations derive from the alignment of feedforward and recurrent cortical networks shaped by novel patterns of visually driven activity. Sensory experience transforms endogenously structured cortical networks with diverse and unreliable visual responses into reliable representations. This process is proposed to involve the alignment of feedforward and recurrent networks.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"28 2","pages":"394-405"},"PeriodicalIF":21.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Separating cognitive and motor processes in the behaving mouse

IF 25 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01859-1

Munib A. Hasnain, Jaclyn E. Birnbaum, Juan Luis Ugarte Nunez, Emma K. Hartman, Chandramouli Chandrasekaran, Michael N. Economo

{"title":"Separating cognitive and motor processes in the behaving mouse","authors":"Munib A. Hasnain, Jaclyn E. Birnbaum, Juan Luis Ugarte Nunez, Emma K. Hartman, Chandramouli Chandrasekaran, Michael N. Economo","doi":"10.1038/s41593-024-01859-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-024-01859-1","url":null,"abstract":"The cognitive processes supporting complex animal behavior are closely associated with movements responsible for critical processes, such as facial expressions or the active sampling of our environments. These movements are strongly related to neural activity across much of the brain and are often highly correlated with ongoing cognitive processes. A fundamental issue for understanding the neural signatures of cognition and movements is whether cognitive processes are separable from related movements or if they are driven by common neural mechanisms. Here we demonstrate how the separability of cognitive and motor processes can be assessed and, when separable, how the neural dynamics associated with each component can be isolated. We designed a behavioral task in mice that involves multiple cognitive processes, and we show that dynamics commonly taken to support cognitive processes are strongly contaminated by movements. When cognitive and motor components are isolated using a novel approach for subspace decomposition, we find that they exhibit distinct dynamical trajectories and are encoded by largely separate populations of cells. Accurately isolating dynamics associated with particular cognitive and motor processes will be essential for developing conceptual and computational models of neural circuit function.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Astrocyte ensembles manipulated with AstroLight tune cue-motivated behavior

IF 25 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-01870-0

Irene Serra, Cristina Martín-Monteagudo, Javier Sánchez Romero, Juan P. Quintanilla, Danny Ganchala, Maria-Angeles Arevalo, Jorge García-Marqués, Marta Navarrete

{"title":"Astrocyte ensembles manipulated with AstroLight tune cue-motivated behavior","authors":"Irene Serra, Cristina Martín-Monteagudo, Javier Sánchez Romero, Juan P. Quintanilla, Danny Ganchala, Maria-Angeles Arevalo, Jorge García-Marqués, Marta Navarrete","doi":"10.1038/s41593-025-01870-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-025-01870-0","url":null,"abstract":"Astrocytes, dynamic cells crucial to brain function, have traditionally been overshadowed by the emphasis on neuronal activity in regulating behavior. Unlike neurons, which are organized into ensembles that encode different brain representations, astrocytes have long been considered a homogeneous population. This is partly because of the lack of tools available to map and manipulate specific subsets of astrocytes based on their functional activity, obscuring the extent of their specialization in circuits. Here, using AstroLight, a tool that translates astrocytic activity-mediated calcium signals into gene expression in a light-dependent manner, we have identified an astrocytic ensemble, a functionally specified subset of astrocytes that emerges upon activity during cue-motivated behaviors in the nucleus accumbens, an integrator hub in the reward system. Furthermore, through gain-of-function and loss-of-function manipulations, we demonstrate that this ensemble is essential for modulating cue–reward associations. These findings highlight the specialization of astrocytes into ensembles and their fine-tuning role in shaping salient behavior.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143077292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lynn T. Landmesser (1943–2024)

IF 25 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-01879-5

Nicholas C. Spitzer, Ben W. Strowbridge

引用次数: 0

Oligodendrocytes in Alzheimer’s disease pathophysiology

IF 25 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-01873-x

Shreeya Kedia, Mikael Simons

引用次数: 0

The architecture of the human default mode network explored through cytoarchitecture, wiring and signal flow

IF 25 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01868-0

Casey Paquola, Margaret Garber, Stefan Frässle, Jessica Royer, Yigu Zhou, Shahin Tavakol, Raul Rodriguez-Cruces, Donna Gift Cabalo, Sofie Valk, Simon Eickhoff, Daniel S. Margulies, Alan Evans, Katrin Amunts, Elizabeth Jefferies, Jonathan Smallwood, Boris C. Bernhardt

{"title":"The architecture of the human default mode network explored through cytoarchitecture, wiring and signal flow","authors":"Casey Paquola, Margaret Garber, Stefan Frässle, Jessica Royer, Yigu Zhou, Shahin Tavakol, Raul Rodriguez-Cruces, Donna Gift Cabalo, Sofie Valk, Simon Eickhoff, Daniel S. Margulies, Alan Evans, Katrin Amunts, Elizabeth Jefferies, Jonathan Smallwood, Boris C. Bernhardt","doi":"10.1038/s41593-024-01868-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-024-01868-0","url":null,"abstract":"The default mode network (DMN) is implicated in many aspects of complex thought and behavior. Here, we leverage postmortem histology and in vivo neuroimaging to characterize the anatomy of the DMN to better understand its role in information processing and cortical communication. Our results show that the DMN is cytoarchitecturally heterogenous, containing cytoarchitectural types that are variably specialized for unimodal, heteromodal and memory-related processing. Studying diffusion-based structural connectivity in combination with cytoarchitecture, we found the DMN contains regions receptive to input from sensory cortex and a core that is relatively insulated from environmental input. Finally, analysis of signal flow with effective connectivity models showed that the DMN is unique amongst cortical networks in balancing its output across the levels of sensory hierarchies. Together, our study establishes an anatomical foundation from which accounts of the broad role the DMN plays in human brain function and cognition can be developed.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retrieval of conditioned immune response in male mice is mediated by an anterior–posterior insula circuit

IF 25 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01864-4

Haneen Kayyal, Federica Cruciani, Sailendrakumar Kolatt Chandran, Efrat Edry, Sagie Schif-Zuck, Tamar Koren, Adonis Yiannakas, Asya Rolls, Amiram Ariel, Kobi Rosenblum

{"title":"Retrieval of conditioned immune response in male mice is mediated by an anterior–posterior insula circuit","authors":"Haneen Kayyal, Federica Cruciani, Sailendrakumar Kolatt Chandran, Efrat Edry, Sagie Schif-Zuck, Tamar Koren, Adonis Yiannakas, Asya Rolls, Amiram Ariel, Kobi Rosenblum","doi":"10.1038/s41593-024-01864-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-024-01864-4","url":null,"abstract":"To protect the body from infections, the brain has evolved the ability to coordinate behavioral and immunological responses. The conditioned immune response (CIR) is a form of Pavlovian conditioning wherein a sensory (for example, taste) stimulus, when paired with an immunomodulatory agent, evokes aversive behavior and an anticipatory immune response after re-experiencing the taste. Although taste and its valence are represented in the anterior insular cortex and immune response in the posterior insula and although the insula is pivotal for CIRs, the precise circuitry underlying CIRs remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that a bidirectional circuit connecting the anterior and posterior (aIC–pIC) insula mediates the CIR in male mice. Retrieving the behavioral dimension of the association requires activity of aIC-to-pIC neurons, whereas modulating the anticipatory immunological dimension requires bidirectional projections. These results illuminate a mechanism by which experience shapes interactions between sensory internal representations and the immune system. Moreover, this newly described intrainsular circuit contributes to the preservation of brain-dependent immune homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

α-Synuclein deposition in the kidney may contribute to Parkinson’s disease 肾脏α-突触核蛋白沉积可能与帕金森病有关

IF 25 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01867-1

引用次数: 0

Propagation of pathologic α-synuclein from kidney to brain may contribute to Parkinson’s disease 病理性α-突触核蛋白从肾向脑的增殖可能与帕金森病有关

IF 25 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01866-2

Xin Yuan, Shuke Nie, Yingxu Yang, Congcong Liu, Danhao Xia, Lanxia Meng, Yue Xia, Hua Su, Chun Zhang, Lihong Bu, Min Deng, Keqiang Ye, Jing Xiong, Liam Chen, Zhentao Zhang

{"title":"Propagation of pathologic α-synuclein from kidney to brain may contribute to Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Xin Yuan, Shuke Nie, Yingxu Yang, Congcong Liu, Danhao Xia, Lanxia Meng, Yue Xia, Hua Su, Chun Zhang, Lihong Bu, Min Deng, Keqiang Ye, Jing Xiong, Liam Chen, Zhentao Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41593-024-01866-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-024-01866-2","url":null,"abstract":"The pathogenesis of Lewy body diseases (LBDs), including Parkinson’s disease (PD), involves α-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation that originates in peripheral organs and spreads to the brain. PD incidence is increased in individuals with chronic renal failure, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here we observed α-Syn deposits in the kidneys of patients with LBDs and in the kidney and central nervous system of individuals with end-stage renal disease without documented LBDs. In male mice, we found that the kidney removes α-Syn from the blood, which is reduced in renal failure, causing α-Syn deposition in the kidney and subsequent spread into the brain. Intrarenal injection of α-Syn fibrils induces the propagation of α-Syn pathology from the kidney to the brain, which is blocked by renal denervation. Deletion of α-Syn in blood cells alleviates pathology in α-Syn A53T transgenic mice. Thus, the kidney may act as an initiation site for pathogenic α-Syn spread, and compromised renal function may contribute to the onset of LBDs.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mapping the cellular etiology of schizophrenia and complex brain phenotypes 绘制精神分裂症和复杂脑表型的细胞病因图谱

IF 21.2 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01834-w

Laramie E. Duncan, Tayden Li, Madeleine Salem, Will Li, Leili Mortazavi, Hazal Senturk, Naghmeh Shahverdizadeh, Sam Vesuna, Hanyang Shen, Jong Yoon, Gordon Wang, Jacob Ballon, Longzhi Tan, Brandon Scott Pruett, Brian Knutson, Karl Deisseroth, William J. Giardino

{"title":"Mapping the cellular etiology of schizophrenia and complex brain phenotypes","authors":"Laramie E. Duncan, Tayden Li, Madeleine Salem, Will Li, Leili Mortazavi, Hazal Senturk, Naghmeh Shahverdizadeh, Sam Vesuna, Hanyang Shen, Jong Yoon, Gordon Wang, Jacob Ballon, Longzhi Tan, Brandon Scott Pruett, Brian Knutson, Karl Deisseroth, William J. Giardino","doi":"10.1038/s41593-024-01834-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41593-024-01834-w","url":null,"abstract":"Psychiatric disorders are multifactorial and effective treatments are lacking. Probable contributing factors to the challenges in therapeutic development include the complexity of the human brain and the high polygenicity of psychiatric disorders. Combining well-powered genome-wide and brain-wide genetics and transcriptomics analyses can deepen our understanding of the etiology of psychiatric disorders. Here, we leverage two landmark resources to infer the cell types involved in the etiology of schizophrenia, other psychiatric disorders and informative comparison of brain phenotypes. We found both cortical and subcortical neuronal associations for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. These cell types included somatostatin interneurons, excitatory neurons from the retrosplenial cortex and eccentric medium spiny-like neurons from the amygdala. In contrast we found T cell and B cell associations with multiple sclerosis and microglial associations with Alzheimer’s disease. We provide a framework for a cell-type-based classification system that can lead to drug repurposing or development opportunities and personalized treatments. This work formalizes a data-driven, cellular and molecular model of complex brain disorders. Duncan and colleagues link specific human brain cell types to schizophrenia and other complex brain phenotypes, providing mechanistic insights and a cellular taxonomy for psychiatric disorders.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"28 2","pages":"248-258"},"PeriodicalIF":21.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-024-01834-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0