Nature Energy最新文献_第2页

Navigating thermal stability intricacies of high-nickel cathodes for high-energy lithium batteries

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01731-x

Zehao Cui, Chen Liu, Feng Wang, Arumugam Manthiram

{"title":"Navigating thermal stability intricacies of high-nickel cathodes for high-energy lithium batteries","authors":"Zehao Cui, Chen Liu, Feng Wang, Arumugam Manthiram","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01731-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01731-x","url":null,"abstract":"High-nickel oxide cathodes, LiNixM1−xO2 (x ≥ 0.8), are preferred in automotive lithium batteries, but they face thermal instability challenges. Inconsistent literature reports and unstandardized testing protocols further complicate quantitative assessments of the thermal stability of these cathodes. We present here a statistical thermal analysis based on the differential scanning calorimetry measurements of 15 representative cathode materials with different compositions, morphologies and states of charge. The findings reveal that each cathode has a critical state of charge that defines its safe operating limit, which is affected by the metal–oxygen bond strength and surface reactivity. The thermal runaway temperature is dictated by the layered Li1−xNiO2 to LiNi2O4 spinel-like phase transition, which is thermodynamically determined by the metal–oxygen bond covalency and kinetically influenced by the cation mixing and particle size. Raman spectroscopy is used to predict the thermal runaway temperature on the basis of the linear relationship between them. Finally, we propose a thermal stability index to quantify cathode thermal stability as a guide for developing safer high-nickel cathodes.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143570270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decoding thermal stability

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01734-8

Yaxiang Lu

引用次数: 0

Miniature Li+ solvation by symmetric molecular design for practical and safe Li-metal batteries

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01733-9

Jinha Jang, Chongzhen Wang, Gumin Kang, Cheolhee Han, Jaekyeong Han, Jae-Sun Shin, Sunghyun Ko, Gihwan Kim, Jaewon Baek, Hee-Tak Kim, Hochun Lee, Chan Beum Park, Dong-Hwa Seo, Yuzhang Li, Jiheong Kang

{"title":"Miniature Li+ solvation by symmetric molecular design for practical and safe Li-metal batteries","authors":"Jinha Jang, Chongzhen Wang, Gumin Kang, Cheolhee Han, Jaekyeong Han, Jae-Sun Shin, Sunghyun Ko, Gihwan Kim, Jaewon Baek, Hee-Tak Kim, Hochun Lee, Chan Beum Park, Dong-Hwa Seo, Yuzhang Li, Jiheong Kang","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01733-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01733-9","url":null,"abstract":"Developing high-safety Li-metal batteries (LMBs) with rapid rechargeability represents a crucial avenue for the widespread adoption of electrochemical energy storage devices. Realization of LMBs requires an electrolyte that combines non-flammability with high electrochemical stability. Although current electrolyte technologies have enhanced LMB cyclability, rational electrolyte fabrication capable of simultaneously addressing high-rate performance and safety remains a grand challenge. Here we report an electrolyte design concept to enable practical, safe and fast-cycling LMBs. We created miniature anion–Li+ solvation structures by introducing symmetric organic salts into various electrolyte solvents. These structures exhibit a high ionic conductivity, low desolvation barrier and interface stabilization. Our electrolyte design enables stable, fast cycling of practical LMBs with high stability (LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cell (twice-excessed Li): 400 cycles) and high power density (pouch cell: 639.5 W kg−1). Furthermore, the Li-metal pouch cell survived nail penetration, revealing its high safety. Our electrolyte design offers a viable approach for safe, fast-cycling LMBs.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unusual Li2O sublimation promotes single-crystal growth and sintering

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01738-4

Bingbin Wu, Ran Yi, Yaobin Xu, Peiyuan Gao, Yujing Bi, Libor Novák, Zhao Liu, Enyuan Hu, Nan Wang, Job Rijssenbeek, Subramanian Venkatachalam, Jing Wu, Dianying Liu, Xia Cao, Jie Xiao

{"title":"Unusual Li2O sublimation promotes single-crystal growth and sintering","authors":"Bingbin Wu, Ran Yi, Yaobin Xu, Peiyuan Gao, Yujing Bi, Libor Novák, Zhao Liu, Enyuan Hu, Nan Wang, Job Rijssenbeek, Subramanian Venkatachalam, Jing Wu, Dianying Liu, Xia Cao, Jie Xiao","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01738-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01738-4","url":null,"abstract":"Li2O is rarely used for cathode material synthesis due to its high melting point (1,438 °C). Here we discover that Li2O can sublimate at 800–1,000 °C under ambient pressure, opening new possibilities for cathode synthesis. We propose a mechanism that enables synthesis of single crystals—such as LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) or LiNi0.9Mn0.05Co0.05O2 (NMC90)—without direct contact with Li2O salts. We show that Li2O vapour successfully converts spent polycrystalline NMC811 into segregated single crystals without milling or post-treatment. The Li2O vapour, derived from Li2O solids, diffuses rapidly and reacts with precursors, mimicking a molten-salt environment, which facilitates single-crystal growth. The chemical lithiation process continuously drives Li2O sublimation, sintering the crystals. Single crystals derived from Li2O and fresh precursors or spent polycrystals exhibit outstanding cycling after 1,000 cycles in full cells. The demonstrated Li2O sublimation and its universal role in promoting single-crystal growth provides an effective approach for single-crystal synthesis, scale-up and recycling.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Feasibility of meeting future battery demand via domestic cell production in Europe

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01722-y

Steffen Link, Lara Schneider, Annegret Stephan, Lukas Weymann, Patrick Plötz

{"title":"Feasibility of meeting future battery demand via domestic cell production in Europe","authors":"Steffen Link, Lara Schneider, Annegret Stephan, Lukas Weymann, Patrick Plötz","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01722-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01722-y","url":null,"abstract":"Batteries are critical to mitigate global warming, with battery electric vehicles as the backbone of low-carbon transport and the main driver of advances and demand for battery technology. However, the future demand and production of batteries remain uncertain, while the ambition to strengthen national capabilities and self-sufficiency is gaining momentum. In this study, leveraging probabilistic modelling, we assessed Europe’s capability to meet its future demand for high-energy batteries via domestic cell production. We found that demand in Europe is likely to exceed 1.0 TWh yr−1 by 2030 and thereby outpace domestic production, with production required to grow at highly ambitious growth rates of 31–68% yr−1. European production is very likely to cover at least 50–60% of the domestic demand by 2030, while 90% self-sufficiency seems feasible but far from certain. Thus, domestic production shortfalls are more likely than not. To support Europe’s battery prospects, stakeholders must accelerate the materialization of production capacities and reckon with demand growth post-2030, with reliable industrial policies supporting Europe’s competitiveness.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Working day and night

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01735-7

Takeshi Morikawa

引用次数: 0

The effect of residential solar on energy insecurity among low- to moderate-income households 住宅太阳能对中低收入家庭能源不安全的影响

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01730-y

Madeline Yozwiak, Galen Barbose, Sanya Carley, Sydney P. Forrester, David M. Konisky, Trevor Memmott, Cristina Crespo Montañés, Eric O’Shaughnessy

引用次数: 0

Environmentally friendly solvents 环保溶剂