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Improving the operational stability of electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction via salt precipitation understanding and management
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01695-4
Shaoyun Hao, Ahmad Elgazzar, Nandakishore Ravi, Tae-Ung Wi, Peng Zhu, Yuge Feng, Yang Xia, Feng-Yang Chen, Xiaonan Shan, Haotian Wang
{"title":"Improving the operational stability of electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction via salt precipitation understanding and management","authors":"Shaoyun Hao, Ahmad Elgazzar, Nandakishore Ravi, Tae-Ung Wi, Peng Zhu, Yuge Feng, Yang Xia, Feng-Yang Chen, Xiaonan Shan, Haotian Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01695-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01695-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The practical application of electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO<sub>2</sub>RR) technology remains hindered by poor stability, primarily owing to bicarbonate salt formation at the cathode, which blocks reactant CO<sub>2</sub> mass flow. Here, using operando characterization tools, we tracked the salt formation process and quantified salt precipitation under varying device operational conditions, elucidating a potential mechanism and optimizing anolyte conditions for long-term (&gt;1,000 h) operation CO<sub>2</sub>RR to CO under &gt;100 mA cm<sup>–2</sup>. Liquid droplets carrying cations and (bi)carbonate ions were observed to migrate from the catalyst/membrane interface towards the backside of the gas diffusion electrode, driven by interfacial gas evolution and CO<sub>2</sub> flow. These droplets eventually dried, forming bicarbonate salt precipitates that blocked the gas flow channels. On the basis of this observation, we applied a hydrophobic parylene coating to the cathode gas flow channel surface, facilitating the removal of the droplets and extending stability from ~100 h to over 500 h under 200 mA cm<sup>–2</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Citizen-financed solar projects 公民出资的太阳能项目
IF 49.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01710-2
Silvana Lakeman
{"title":"Citizen-financed solar projects","authors":"Silvana Lakeman","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01710-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-025-01710-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"10 1","pages":"9-9"},"PeriodicalIF":49.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Compatible layers bring benefits
IF 49.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01711-1
James Gallagher
{"title":"Compatible layers bring benefits","authors":"James Gallagher","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01711-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-025-01711-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"10 1","pages":"10-10"},"PeriodicalIF":49.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A microscopic look at degradation
IF 49.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01702-8
David P. Fenning, Maimur Hossain, Connor J. Dolan
{"title":"A microscopic look at degradation","authors":"David P. Fenning,&nbsp;Maimur Hossain,&nbsp;Connor J. Dolan","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01702-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-024-01702-8","url":null,"abstract":"Improving the durability of perovskite solar cells requires a deeper understanding of the mechanisms occurring at the nano- to microscale that degrade the optoelectronic quality of the perovskite and its interfaces during operation. Now researchers demonstrate a multimodal microscopy toolkit as a diagnostic tool to address this issue.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"10 1","pages":"15-16"},"PeriodicalIF":49.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Power price stability and the insurance value of renewable technologies
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01704-0
Daniel Navia Simon, Laura Diaz Anadon
{"title":"Power price stability and the insurance value of renewable technologies","authors":"Daniel Navia Simon, Laura Diaz Anadon","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01704-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01704-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To understand if renewables stabilize or destabilize electricity prices, we simulate European power markets as projected by the National Energy and Climate Plans for 2030 but replicating the historical variability in electricity demand, the prices of fossil fuels and weather. We propose a <i>β</i>-sensitivity metric, defined as the projected increase in the average annual price of electricity when the price of natural gas increases by 1 euro. We show that annual power prices spikes would be more moderate because the <i>β</i>-sensitivity would fall from 1.4 euros to 1 euro. Deployment of solar photovoltaic and wind technologies exceeding 30% of the 2030 target would lower it further, below 0.5 euros. Our framework shows that this stabilization of prices would produce social welfare gains, that is, we find an insurance value of renewables. Because market mechanisms do not internalize this value, we argue that it should be explicitly considered in energy policy decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The closing longevity gap between battery electric vehicles and internal combustion vehicles in Great Britain
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01698-1
Viet Nguyen-Tien, Chengyu Zhang, Eric Strobl, Robert J. R. Elliott
{"title":"The closing longevity gap between battery electric vehicles and internal combustion vehicles in Great Britain","authors":"Viet Nguyen-Tien, Chengyu Zhang, Eric Strobl, Robert J. R. Elliott","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01698-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01698-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electric vehicles are increasingly being adopted in Great Britain and other parts of the world, driven by the perception that they offer a cost-effective alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles while reducing emissions. However, a key element that underpins this perception is the longevity of electric vehicles, which remains relatively under researched. Here we show that although early battery electric vehicles (BEVs) exhibited lower reliability than internal combustion engine vehicles, rapid technological advancements have allowed newer BEVs to achieve comparable lifespans, even under more intensive use. Longevity is also found to be impacted by engine size, location and make of vehicle. We provide parameter estimates for life mileage that can be used to update life cycle assessment and total cost of ownership studies of different vehicle powertrains. Our results also shed light on BEV diffusion patterns, fleet replacement strategies and end-of-life treatment planning, including the increasingly important debate around BEV battery recycling and second-life options.</p>","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diversity of biomass usage pathways to achieve emissions targets in the European energy system 生物质利用途径的多样性，以实现欧洲能源系统的排放目标
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01693-6
M. Millinger, F. Hedenus, E. Zeyen, F. Neumann, L. Reichenberg, G. Berndes
{"title":"Diversity of biomass usage pathways to achieve emissions targets in the European energy system","authors":"M. Millinger, F. Hedenus, E. Zeyen, F. Neumann, L. Reichenberg, G. Berndes","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01693-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01693-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biomass is a versatile renewable energy source with applications across the energy system, but it is a limited resource and its usage needs prioritization. We use a sector-coupled European energy system model to explore near-optimal solutions for achieving emissions targets. We find that provision of biogenic carbon has higher value than bioenergy provision. Energy system costs increase by 20% if biomass is excluded at a net-negative (−110%) emissions target and by 14% at a net-zero target. Dispatchable bioelectricity covering ~1% of total electricity generation strengthens supply reliability. Otherwise, it is not crucial in which sector biomass is used, if combined with carbon capture to enable negative emissions and feedstock for e-fuel production. A shortage of renewable electricity or hydrogen supply primarily increases the value of using biomass for fuel production. Results are sensitive to upstream emissions of biomass, carbon sequestration capacity and costs of direct air capture.</p>","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biomass exclusion must be weighed against benefits of carbon supply in European energy system 在欧洲能源系统中，排除生物质必须与碳供应的好处进行权衡
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01685-6
M. Millinger, F. Hedenus, E. Zeyen, F. Neumann, L. Reichenberg, G. Berndes
{"title":"Biomass exclusion must be weighed against benefits of carbon supply in European energy system","authors":"M. Millinger, F. Hedenus, E. Zeyen, F. Neumann, L. Reichenberg, G. Berndes","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01685-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01685-6","url":null,"abstract":"Biomass associated with low upstream emissions offers cost-effective renewable carbon for negative emissions and production of chemicals, aviation and shipping fuels, reducing the need for more costly options like direct air capture. Policy support for sustainable biomass use alongside emerging technologies reduces energy system costs and the risk of missing emissions targets.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lessons from wholesale market success for system service procurement design in high renewable electricity markets 批发市场成功经验对高可再生电力市场系统服务采购设计的启示
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01699-0
Muireann Á. Lynch, Valentin Bertsch
{"title":"Lessons from wholesale market success for system service procurement design in high renewable electricity markets","authors":"Muireann Á. Lynch, Valentin Bertsch","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01699-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01699-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate action and the energy affordability and security crisis caused by the Ukrainian war have accelerated a shift towards variable renewable electricity generation, such as wind and solar power. These energy sources in turn pose new technical challenges for system operators, who must procure new services to support a renewables-based power system. Here we argue that these services have particular economic characteristics that render their optimal procurement a non-trivial exercise. Drawing on the successful collaboration between economic and technical disciplines in wholesale market design, we propose four areas where future collaboration can prove fruitful for designing and procuring the services necessary for secure system operation at high levels of renewable generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The green hydrogen ambition and implementation gap 绿色氢的雄心和实施差距
IF 49.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01684-7
Adrian Odenweller, Falko Ueckerdt
{"title":"The green hydrogen ambition and implementation gap","authors":"Adrian Odenweller,&nbsp;Falko Ueckerdt","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01684-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-024-01684-7","url":null,"abstract":"Green hydrogen is critical for decarbonizing hard-to-electrify sectors, but it faces high costs and investment risks. Here we define and quantify the green hydrogen ambition and implementation gap, showing that meeting hydrogen expectations will remain challenging despite surging announcements of projects and subsidies. Tracking 190 projects over 3 years, we identify a wide 2023 implementation gap with only 7% of global capacity announcements finished on schedule. In contrast, the 2030 ambition gap towards 1.5 °C scenarios has been gradually closing as the announced project pipeline has nearly tripled to 422 GW within 3 years. However, we estimate that, without carbon pricing, realizing all these projects would require global subsidies of US$1.3 trillion (US$0.8–2.6 trillion range), far exceeding announced subsidies. Given past and future implementation gaps, policymakers must prepare for prolonged green hydrogen scarcity. Policy support needs to secure hydrogen investments, but should focus on applications where hydrogen is indispensable. Green hydrogen is critical for hard-to-electrify sectors, but faces economic headwinds. Odenweller and Ueckerdt quantify green hydrogen ambition and implementation gaps, showing that meeting expectations will remain challenging and costly.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"10 1","pages":"110-123"},"PeriodicalIF":49.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-024-01684-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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