Nature Energy最新文献

Aromatic amines boost electrolysis 芳香胺促进电解

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01765-1

Sumit Bawari, Stephan N. Steinmann

引用次数: 0

Scaling and heating will drive low-temperature CO2 electrolysers to operate at higher temperatures 结垢和加热将驱动低温二氧化碳电解槽在更高的温度下运行

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01745-5

Henri M. Pelzer, Nikita Kolobov, David A. Vermaas, Thomas Burdyny

{"title":"Scaling and heating will drive low-temperature CO2 electrolysers to operate at higher temperatures","authors":"Henri M. Pelzer, Nikita Kolobov, David A. Vermaas, Thomas Burdyny","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01745-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01745-5","url":null,"abstract":"Low-temperature carbon dioxide electrolysis (CO2E) provides a one-step means of converting CO2 into carbon-based fuels using electrical inputs at temperatures below 100 °C. Over the past decade, an abundance of work has been carried out at ambient temperature, and high CO2E rates and product selectivities have been achieved. With scaling of CO2E technologies underway, greater discourse surrounding heat management and the viable operating temperatures of larger systems is important. In this Perspective we argue that, owing to the energy inefficiency of electrolysers, heat generation in CO2E stacks will favour operating temperatures of between 40 and 70 °C, far from the ambient temperatures used so far. Such elevated temperatures put further pressure on catalyst and membrane stability and on the stack design. On the other hand, elevated temperatures could alleviate challenges in salt precipitation, water management and high cell voltages, aiding the technology. We reflect on these aspects and discuss the opportunities for waste heat valorization to increase the economic feasibility of the process.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid technological progress in white light-emitting diodes and its source in innovation and technology spillovers 白光二极管的快速技术进步及其创新和技术溢出的根源

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01757-1

Michael P. Weinold, Sergey Kolesnikov, Laura Díaz Anadón

引用次数: 0

Elucidating mechanisms of change 阐明变化的机制

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01764-2

Micah S. Ziegler

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Author Correction: H2 and CO2 network strategies for the European energy system 作者更正：欧洲能源系统的H2和CO2网络战略

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01780-2

Fabian Hofmann, Christoph Tries, Fabian Neumann, Elisabeth Zeyen, Tom Brown

引用次数: 0

Rethinking molecular O2 重新思考O2分子

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01772-2

Xinru Li

{"title":"Rethinking molecular O2","authors":"Xinru Li","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01772-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01772-2","url":null,"abstract":"Compared to conventional metal oxide cathodes found in Li-ion batteries, Li-rich layered oxides introduce an additional charge storage mechanism that involves not just transition metals, but also lattice oxygen, known as anionic redox. These dual (cationic and anionic) redox processes enhance Li-ion utilization and increase capacity, making these materials promising candidates for next-generation batteries. However, commercialization is limited by rapid performance degradation mainly related to complex oxygen evolution processes, affecting both capacity and discharge voltage. In particular, voltage decay, which is characterized by a gradual decline in discharge voltage, reduces the battery’s practical energy density and efficiency. Despite extensive debate, the role of anions in the redox processes is still uncertain. The most recent focus is on the involvement of trapped molecular O2, based on high-resolution resonant X-ray inelastic scattering (RIXS) research. Now, Jean-Marie Tarascon and colleagues in France, China, and Russia challenge the prevailing view, arguing that molecular O2 is not a direct product of the redox activity of the Li-stoichiometric or Li-rich layered oxides, raising questions about identifying speciation using RIXS.The researchers survey RIXS data from various oxide-based cathodes under different conditions, suggesting that molecular O2 is not formed through electrochemical redox reactions but rather is due to excitation by the RIXS measurement. The results reveal that molecular O2 signals appear not only in Li-rich oxides capable of anionic oxygen redox, but also in O-redox-inactive materials like Li-stoichiometric layered and spinel oxides, indicating no correlation with voltage decay. By clarifying the origin of molecular O2, this study provides valuable insights into oxygen redox reactions in Li-rich layered oxide cathodes and offers guidelines for developing more stable and efficient cathode materials for Li-ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding non-compliance 理解不符合

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01771-3

Silvana Lakeman

{"title":"Understanding non-compliance","authors":"Silvana Lakeman","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01771-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01771-3","url":null,"abstract":"As distributed energy resources (DERs) such as solar photovoltaics and battery storage grow in popularity at the consumer level, their proportional role in electricity grids is also increasing. Globally, companies have introduced rules surrounding DER integration. However, circumvention of formal processes is not uncommon, with instances of unauthorized DERs noted in many countries, posing challenges for grid management and power system costs. Now, Josh Dippenaar and Bernard Bekker from Stellenbosch University assess factors affecting DER installation compliance in South Africa, and how differing utility governance approaches may impact the argument for investing in distributed energy sources at the utility level.Combining utility revenue modelling and a survey engaging South African DER installers, three municipalities in South Africa with their own interconnection policies (Cape Town, Nelson Mandela Bay and Tshwane) are compared and analysed to better understand factors leading to varying levels of DER compliance. The team find that through strong financial incentives for registering DERs, Nelson Mandela Bay has achieved higher compliance levels than Cape Town and Tshwane. Lack of enforcement, long payback periods, lack of trust in utilities, lengthy approval processes and a lack of grid reliability are also found to be important factors impacting DER compliance rates. The findings provide insights into the importance of both early-stage financial support and more efficient registration practices to entice legal registration of DERs as part of a just energy transition.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01744-6

Anke Yu, Yuwei Zhang, Siyuan Zhu, Tianze Wu, Zhichuan J. Xu

引用次数: 0

A job for vacancies 职位空缺

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01770-4

James Gallagher

{"title":"A job for vacancies","authors":"James Gallagher","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01770-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01770-4","url":null,"abstract":"Electrocatalysts based on ruthenium are very active for water oxidation (the reaction that occurs at the anode of an electrolyser) but typically suffer from poor stability. In the harsh acidic and oxidative conditions found at the anode of a proton exchange membrane electrolyser, metal ions can leach out of the catalyst and structural collapse may occur, leading to reduced performance. Now, Zhanwu Lei, Shuhong Jiao, Jing-Li Luo, Ruiguo Cao and colleagues across China and the Republic of Korea report a Ru0.5Mn0.5O2 water oxidation catalyst, which — through a self-limiting surface leaching mechanism — achieves long-term durable operation.The researchers find that during an initial period of water oxidation, although Ru ions leach out of the catalyst to an extent, Mn ions leach out much more so. This leads to reconstruction of the catalyst, with a surface layer forming that is rich in Mn vacancies. The results suggest that the presence of these vacancies suppresses further leaching of Mn ions and stabilizes the Ru catalytically active sites in the reconstructed layer. The team report that the activity of the catalyst (normalized to the amount of Ru) is 525 A gRu−1 at 1.45 V (versus the reversible hydrogen electrode) and that it maintains 95% of its initial activity after 2,500 h at 10 mA cm–2 in a chronopotentiometric measurement in 0.5 M H2SO4. A comparable catalyst without Mn had approximately 11 times lower mass-normalized activity and failed after 180 h. In a full proton exchange membrane electrolyser, the catalyst performed stably for 330 h at 80 °C and 200 mA cm–2, also demonstrating promise under more realistic conditions.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accelerated degradation 加速退化

IF 56.7 1区材料科学

Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01773-1

Giulia Tregnago

{"title":"Accelerated degradation","authors":"Giulia Tregnago","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01773-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01773-1","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskite solar cells have demonstrated high power conversion efficiency, yet their stability under realistic conditions remains to be convincingly demonstrated. One critical step in addressing the issue is the development of accelerated ageing tests (that is, use of higher stress levels than in real-world conditions) that can reproduce in the laboratory the failure modes observed in the field. It is crucial to identify the type of stressor and its magnitude, and ensure that the degradation mechanisms induced in the test match those occurring in the field. The tests should also be able to mimic the removal or attenuation of the stressor during day/night and seasonal cycles, capturing reversible and irreversible processes. Now, Mark Khenkin and colleagues across Europe and Israel investigate the application of continuous forward bias in the dark followed by storage in the dark as an acceleration test.The researchers observe a decrease in the short-circuit current and shunt resistance (which opposes undesired current pathways bypassing the main circuit) under forward bias, with recovery during dark storage, while the open-circuit voltage shows the opposite trend. They attribute the behaviour to ions migrating to interfaces when forward bias is applied, impeding charge transport, and redistributing during dark storage, leaving defects at the interface that reduce the voltage. Khenkin and team show that this behaviour replicates the seasonal variations in performance of solar cells operating outdoors in Berlin, Germany, over 20 months. The forward-bias step mimics spring and summer behaviour, while dark storage captures autumn and winter operation. The findings provide an example of accelerated ageing tests that can mimic ion migration-induced degradation in the field.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0