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Accelerating commercial deployment with hydrogen system testbeds
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01758-0
Jonathan G. Love, Ian D. R. Mackinnon
{"title":"Accelerating commercial deployment with hydrogen system testbeds","authors":"Jonathan G. Love, Ian D. R. Mackinnon","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01758-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01758-0","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen system testbeds powered by renewables at kilowatt–megawatt scale reduce technical and financial risk by providing evidence to inform decisions on economic viability for investments at commercial scale. Future-proofing these testbeds to ‘plug and play’ new components or technologies may accelerate low-regret uptake of innovation.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Combining the use of CO2 and H2 networks benefits carbon management in Europe
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01753-5
{"title":"Combining the use of CO2 and H2 networks benefits carbon management in Europe","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01753-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01753-5","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of European carbon management shows that CO2 and H2 networks can complement each other. Transporting CO2 and H2 from low-cost regions with high availability to areas that process the two molecules into clean fuels or sequester CO2 could reduce total energy system costs by up to 5.3%.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
H2 and CO2 network strategies for the European energy system
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01752-6
Fabian Hofmann, Christoph Tries, Fabian Neumann, Elisabeth Zeyen, Tom Brown
{"title":"H2 and CO2 network strategies for the European energy system","authors":"Fabian Hofmann, Christoph Tries, Fabian Neumann, Elisabeth Zeyen, Tom Brown","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01752-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01752-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrogen and carbon dioxide transport can play an essential role in climate-neutral energy systems. Hydrogen networks serve regions with high energy demand, whereas emissions are transported away in carbon dioxide networks. For the synthesis of carbonaceous fuels, it is less clear which input should be transported: hydrogen to carbon point sources or carbon to low-cost hydrogen. Here we explore both networks’ potential synergies and competition in cost-optimal carbon-neutral European energy systems. In direct comparison, a hydrogen network is more cost effective than a carbon network, as it serves to transport hydrogen to demand and to point sources of carbon for utilization. However, in hybrid scenarios where both networks are present, the carbon network effectively complements the hydrogen network, promoting carbon capture from distributed biomass and reducing reliance on direct air capture. The layouts of the hydrogen and carbon dioxide networks are robust if the climate target is tightened to be net negative.</p>","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Heat treatment in an oxygen-rich environment to suppress deep-level traps in Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cell with 11.51% certified efficiency
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01756-2
Tong Wu, Shuo Chen, Zhenghua Su, Zi Wang, Ping Luo, Zhuanghao Zheng, Jingting Luo, Hongli Ma, Xianghua Zhang, Guangxing Liang
{"title":"Heat treatment in an oxygen-rich environment to suppress deep-level traps in Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cell with 11.51% certified efficiency","authors":"Tong Wu, Shuo Chen, Zhenghua Su, Zi Wang, Ping Luo, Zhuanghao Zheng, Jingting Luo, Hongli Ma, Xianghua Zhang, Guangxing Liang","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01756-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01756-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sulfide kesterite Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnS<sub>4</sub> (CZTS) is a competitive photovoltaic material, especially for multijunction solar cells. However, the device power conversion efficiency has remained stagnant for years. Deep-level defects, such as sulfur vacancies (V<sub>S</sub>), cause serious non-radiative recombination of charge carriers. Here we propose a passivation strategy for V<sub>S</sub> through the heat treatment of the CdS/CZTS heterojunction in an oxygen-rich environment. In this process, V<sub>S</sub> are occupied by oxygen atoms, suppressing V<sub>S</sub> defects. In addition, the diffusion of Cd ions to the CZTS absorber layer, and the formation of positive Na–O and Sn–O complexes can passivate related defects. These effects led to a reduced charge recombination and favourable band alignment. We demonstrate a certified efficiency of 11.51% for air-solution-processed CZTS solar cells (bandgap of 1.5 eV) without any extrinsic cation alloying. The study offers insights into defect passivation and performance improvement mechanism of kesterite solar cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ratepayer-backed bonds for utility financings
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01755-3
Joseph Fichera, Paul Sutherland, Martin J. Luby, Varun Rai, Matthew Zachary
{"title":"Ratepayer-backed bonds for utility financings","authors":"Joseph Fichera, Paul Sutherland, Martin J. Luby, Varun Rai, Matthew Zachary","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01755-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01755-3","url":null,"abstract":"Utilities are increasingly using ratepayer-backed bonds (RBBs) to provide financial protection against extreme weather and more broadly, the energy transition. Consequently, we outline best practices for public utility commissions and ratepayer advocates to reduce financing costs and protect ratepayers in the execution of RBBs.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rooftop solar can reduce energy insecurity
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01750-8
{"title":"Rooftop solar can reduce energy insecurity","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01750-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01750-8","url":null,"abstract":"Results from a large-scale survey of low-to-moderate income households in the USA show that the installation of rooftop solar panels decreased energy insecurity by 15–46% across five different measures. Policies that support the uptake of rooftop solar could therefore be used to reduce the incidence of energy insecurity.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A molecular design strategy to enhance hydrogen evolution on platinum electrocatalysts
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01754-4
Kaiyue Zhao, Ningyao Xiang, Yu-Qi Wang, Jinyu Ye, Zihan Jin, Linke Fu, Xiaoxia Chang, Dong Wang, Hai Xiao, Bingjun Xu
{"title":"A molecular design strategy to enhance hydrogen evolution on platinum electrocatalysts","authors":"Kaiyue Zhao, Ningyao Xiang, Yu-Qi Wang, Jinyu Ye, Zihan Jin, Linke Fu, Xiaoxia Chang, Dong Wang, Hai Xiao, Bingjun Xu","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01754-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01754-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Design of electrode–aqueous interfaces for hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) is crucial to developing improved electrolysers. Modifications at the surface of electrodes have been employed to accelerate HER, but effective guiding principles are lacking. Here we establish a molecular design strategy to enhance HER activity in alkaline media by up to 50 times by introducing an organic overlayer on Pt electrodes. We find that enhancement of HER activity by organic adsorbates is correlated with their binding energies to Pt electrodes; binding energy could be tuned by changing the number of aromatic rings and hydrophilicity of the adsorbates. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the overlayer led to a decrease in the <i>d</i>-band centre, resulting in weakened H adsorption, which mitigated its overbinding on Pt. Importantly, we demonstrate the enhancing effect of the 2,2′-bipyrimidine overlayer on Pt/C in a water electrolyser with a membrane electrode assembly configuration, confirming its effectiveness on the device level.</p>","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143798275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of sound ordinances on the land-based wind technical potential of the United States 健全条例对美国陆基风能技术潜力的影响
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01739-3
Jianyu Gu, Andrew Glaws, Dylan Harrison-Atlas, Pietro Bortolotti, Kenneth Kaliski, Anthony Lopez
{"title":"The impact of sound ordinances on the land-based wind technical potential of the United States","authors":"Jianyu Gu, Andrew Glaws, Dylan Harrison-Atlas, Pietro Bortolotti, Kenneth Kaliski, Anthony Lopez","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01739-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01739-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapid rise of sound ordinances has affected wind energy siting across state, county and local jurisdictions. Quantifying this impact on wind energy potential is required for effective energy planning. However, complex turbine sound modelling combined with evolving policies have contributed to limited understanding of these policies’ impact on national wind technical potential. Here we develop an approach to evaluate wind turbine sound profiles across the United States and calculate setback distances from residential structures to translate sound-related policies into spatial turbine siting criteria. Compared to a baseline scenario that ignores sound, we find an 8% reduction in wind energy capacity when accounting for existing sound ordinances. Further, extrapolating a 45-A-weighted decibel (dBA) limit nationwide shows a 29% decline, disproportionately taken from high-quality and low-cost wind capacity. This reveals sound ordinances as a major factor in determining wind technical potential that could challenge US decarbonization goals reliant on wind energy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"217 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143798276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Overcoming efficiency and cost barriers for large-area quantum dot photovoltaics through stable ink engineering
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01746-4
Guozheng Shi, Xiaobo Ding, Zeke Liu, Yang Liu, Yifan Chen, Cheng Liu, Zitao Ni, Haibin Wang, Katsuji Ito, Keisuke Igarashi, Kun Feng, Kaicheng Zhang, Larry Lüer, Wei Chen, Xingyi Lyu, Bin Song, Xiang Sun, Lin Yuan, Dong Liu, Yusheng Li, Kunyuan Lu, Wei Deng, Youyong Li, Peter Müller-Buschbaum, Tao Li, Jun Zhong, Satoshi Uchida, Takaya Kubo, Ning Li, Joseph M. Luther, Hiroshi Segawa, Qing Shen, Christoph J. Brabec, Wanli Ma
{"title":"Overcoming efficiency and cost barriers for large-area quantum dot photovoltaics through stable ink engineering","authors":"Guozheng Shi, Xiaobo Ding, Zeke Liu, Yang Liu, Yifan Chen, Cheng Liu, Zitao Ni, Haibin Wang, Katsuji Ito, Keisuke Igarashi, Kun Feng, Kaicheng Zhang, Larry Lüer, Wei Chen, Xingyi Lyu, Bin Song, Xiang Sun, Lin Yuan, Dong Liu, Yusheng Li, Kunyuan Lu, Wei Deng, Youyong Li, Peter Müller-Buschbaum, Tao Li, Jun Zhong, Satoshi Uchida, Takaya Kubo, Ning Li, Joseph M. Luther, Hiroshi Segawa, Qing Shen, Christoph J. Brabec, Wanli Ma","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01746-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01746-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The bottom-up construction of electronics from colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) could innovate nanotechnology manufacturing through printing. However, the unstable and expensive semiconductive CQD inks make the scaling up of CQD electronics challenging. Here we develop a strategy for engineering the solution chemistry of lead sulfide (PbS) CQD inks prepared from a low-cost direct synthesis method. By creating an iodine-rich environment in weakly coordinating solvents, we convert the iodoplumbates into functional anions, which condense into a robust surface shell. The fully charged electrostatic surface layer prevents aggregation and epitaxial fusion of CQDs, yielding stable inks. By eliminating the fusion-induced inter-band states, we print a compact CQD film with uniformity in three dimensions, flattened energy landscape and improved carrier transport. We achieved a certified efficiency of 13.40% on 0.04 cm<sup>2</sup> cells, with a 300-fold increase in active area, scaling up to a 12.60 cm<sup>2</sup> module with a certified efficiency of 10%.</p>","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ink stabilization technique for large-area printable quantum dot solar cells
IF 56.7 1区 材料科学
Nature Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-025-01747-3
{"title":"Ink stabilization technique for large-area printable quantum dot solar cells","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41560-025-01747-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-025-01747-3","url":null,"abstract":"The poor stability of colloidal quantum dots (CQD) hinders their use in large-area solar cells. A stable printable CQD ink is demonstrated by using solution chemistry engineering to control the surface ions on CQDs to prevent inter-dot fusion. This ink produced a solar module with a power conversion efficiency of over 10%.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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