Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Logic and static memory functions of an inverter comprising a feedback field effect transistor.","authors":"Daon Kim, Doohyeok Lim","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/adbf27","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/adbf27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The von Neumann architecture used as the basic operating principle in computers has a bottleneck owing to the disparity between the central processing unit and memory access speeds, which leads to high power consumption and speed reduction, reducing the overall system performance. However, feedback field-effect transistors (FBFETs) have attracted significant attention owing to their potential to realize next-generation electronic devices based on their switching characteristics. Therefore, in this study, we configured the logic and static memory functions of an inverter comprising a pull-down resistor and an n-channel FBFET using a mixed-mode simulation. The FBFET has a p-n-p-n structure with a gated p-region on the silicon-on-insulator, where each channel length is 30 nm. These modes can have an on/off current ratio of ∼10¹¹and a subthreshold swing of less than 5.4 mV dec^-1. The proposed device can perform logic operations and static memory functions, exhibiting excellent memory functions such as fast write, long hold, and non-destructive read operations. In addition, the inverter operation exhibits nanosecond-level speed and the ability to maintain non-destructive read functionality for over 100 s. The proposed n-FBFET-based inverter is expected to be a promising technology for future high-speed, low-power logic memory applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-performance self-powered broadband photodetector based on Ag_xO_y@n-Si heterojunction.","authors":"Betül Ceviz Şakar, Fatma Yıldırım, Şakir Aydoğan","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/adc460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/adc460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thin silver oxide AgxOy film (p-type) was deposited via DC magnetron sputtering onto n-type silicon substrate and integrated into a pn heterojunction architecture. Structural (XRD, XPS and EDX), optical (UV-Vis-NIR) and morphological analysis (SEM) of the AgxOy film were investigated in detail. Electrical measurements revealed that the AgxOy/n-Si pn heterojunction as a self-driven photodetector device exhibits a high photoresponse both in visible light and in UV, IR and yellow lights. It was also observed that under visible light the photocurrent increased with increasing light intensity, higher at higher intensities. Furthermore, thee photodetector exhibits high sensitivity to the incident light of 365 nm with responsivity as 1061 mA/W for -1.5 V. The highest specific detectivity value for the conditions illuminated by LED with wavelength of 590 nm is 1.12×1012 cm.Hz1/2.W-1 (Jones) for zero bias. Experimental results show that the AgxOy/n-Si heterojunction has great potential for practical applications as self-driven and high-performance photodetectors.&#xD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent development in friction of supramolecular gel lubricant: from mechanisms to applications.","authors":"Ruochong Zhang, Dongmei Wang, Xinshao Cheng, Minghuan Wang, Xiaodong Hu, Qi Ding, Xuefeng Xu, Meirong Cai, Litian Hu","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/adc39f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/adc39f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the unique self-assembling structure and rheological properties, supramolecular gel lubricants have become the third major type of liquid lubricating materials to supplement the lubricating oil and greases. Focusing on the solid-liquid interface compatibility between gelators and base oils, the molecular structures of gelators applicable to oil-based, water-based and extreme conditions base oils were summarized firstly. Furthermore, this review aims at exploring the relationships between the self-assembled structures of gelators and the gel-forming, rheological and frictional properties of gel lubricants. Based on the wide application of gel in various lubrication fields, the synergistic lubricating effect between gel lubricants and nanomaterials, film, textured surfaces were analyzed. The lubrication mechanisms from the solid-liquid interface compatibility between gel lubricants and solid lubricants were attempted to highlighted and revealed. Finally, the perspectives on the development of gel lubricants and corresponding composite lubricating materials were presented. It is hope that our discussion will be beneficial for the growing community of gel lubricant researchers.&#xD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ti₃C₂T_<i>X</i>derived layered MXenes as friction and wear reducing additives in lubricating oils: a detailed review.","authors":"Nowduru Ravikiran, Swati Singh","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/adbb73","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/adbb73","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Friction and wear are critical aspects that significantly impact the efficiency and durability of mechanical systems. The demand for improved lubricating oils capable of reducing friction and wear has spurred the exploration of advanced additives. Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXene), a new class of materials, have emerged as promising additives with exceptional tribological properties. This review paper aims to understand the usability of MXene, specifically the ones derived from Ti₃C₂T<i>_X</i>as anti-friction and antiwear additives in lubricating oils. An elaborate discussion is presented about the synthesis and characterization techniques employed in the synthesis of Ti₃C₂T<i>_X</i>(MXene), emphasizing their unique structural and surface properties that could contribute to their tribological performance, followed by their influence on the lubricant's tribological properties is thoroughly discussed. The underlying anti-friction and anti-wear mechanisms, their ability to form tribofilms on sliding surfaces, reduce direct metal-to-metal contact, and minimize wear are also highlighted. Additionally, the role of MXene in modifying the lubricant's chemical and physical interactions with sliding surfaces is analyzed. This review also attempts to identify and address the roadblocks hindering the use of Ti₃C₂T<i>_X</i>MXene in lubricating oils, such as their aggregation tendencies, stability under extreme conditions, and potential side effects on lubricant properties along with the tentative strategies to overcome these hurdles. Relevant experimental findings in which Ti₃C₂T<i>_X</i>derived 2D nano-sheets have been explored as friction and wear-reducing additives in different lubricating oils are critically assessed. Although these MXene are claimed to be highly effective as lubricant additives in lubricating oils owing to their unique properties and versatile chemistry, further research is urgently needed to address the challenges and optimize the formulation and integration of MXene into lubricating oils for practical implementation. This article comprehensively discusses Ti₃C₂T<i>_X</i>MXene as friction and wear-reducing additives in lubricating oils, highlighting the pressing need for further research and the potential for future developments in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-friendly synthesis and stability analysis of CsPbBr₃and poly(methyl methacrylate)-CsPbBr₃films.","authors":"You-Lin Huang, Wei Li, Fuqian Yang","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/adbbf6","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/adbbf6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents an eco-friendly mechanochemical synthesis of cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr₃), eliminating the need of organic solvents and high temperatures. The synthesized CsPbBr₃powder is used to fabricate poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-CsPbBr₃films and CsPbBr₃nanocrystals (NCs). The photoluminescence (PL) peaks of the emission light are centered at 541 nm, 538 nm, and 514 nm for the CsPbBr₃powder, PMMA-CsPbBr₃films, and CsPbBr₃NCs, respectively, correlating with crystal sizes of 0.96, 0.56, and 0.12<i>μ</i>m, respectively. The PL lifetime analysis reveals decay times (τ1,τ2) of (4.18, 20.08), (5.7, 46.99), and (5.81, 23.14) in the units (ns, ns) for the CsPbBr₃powder, PMMA-CsPbBr₃films, and CsPbBr₃NCs, respectively. The PL quantum yield of the CsPbBr₃NCs in toluene is 61.3%. Thermal activation energies for thermal quenching are 217.48 meV (films) and 178.15 meV (powder), indicating improved thermal stability with the PMMA encapsulation. The analysis of the PL intensity decay from water diffusion in the PMMA-CsPbBr₃films yields 1.70 × 10^-12m²s^-1for the diffusion coefficient of water, comparable to that for water diffusion in pure PMMA. This work demonstrates a scalable, sustainable strategy for CsPbBr₃synthesis and stability enhancement for optoelectronic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct device integration of single 1D nanoparticle assemblies; a magnetization reversal and magnetotransport study.","authors":"Mehran Sedrpooshan, Claudiu Bulbucan, Damon J Carrad, Thomas Sand Jespersen, Adam Burke, Maria E Messing, Rasmus Westerström","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/adc1d0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/adc1d0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanochains made up of a one-dimensional arrangement of magnetic nanoparticles exhibit anisotropic properties with potential for various applications. Herein, using a novel self-assembly method we directly integrate single nanochains onto desired substrates including devices. We present a nanoscopic analysis of magnetization reversal in 1D linear nanoparticle arrays by combining X-ray microscopy, magnetoresistance, and micromagnetic simulations. Imaging the local magnetization along individual nanochains by scanning transmission X-ray microscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism under varying in situ magnetic fields shows that each structure undergoes distinct non-homogeneous magnetization reversal processes. The experimental observations are complemented by micromagnetic simulations, revealing that morphological inhomogeneities critically influence the reversal process where regions with parallel chains or larger multi-domain particles act as nucleation centers for the magnetization switching and smaller particles provide pinning sites for the domain propagation. Magnetotransport through single nanochains reveals distinct magnetoresistance behavior that is correlated with the unique magnetization reversal processes dictated by the morphology of the structures. This study provides new insights into the complex magnetization reversal mechanism inherent to one-dimensional particle assemblies and the effective parameters that govern the process.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient and eco-friendly preparation of hydrophilic boron nitride nanosheets for enhanced filtration properties.","authors":"Yongliang Wang, Chao Zhang, Daozhong Du, Yun Wang, Ruitao Li, Zhenqiang Liu, Kaiwen Yang","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/adb634","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/adb634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The exceptional properties of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) render them promising for diverse applications. Nevertheless, the obstacles of effectively readying them and their restricted ability to disperse in liquids are current constraints. In this study, a simple and efficient glucose-assisted mechanochemical exfoliation method was developed to achieve simultaneous exfoliation and functionalization of BNNSs. The BNNSs yield reached 87.5%, featuring grafted hydroxyl groups at the edges and well dispersed in water. Furthermore, the prepared BNNSs were dispersed into water and subsequently incorporated into a nanofiltration membrane using vacuum filtration. The vacuum filtration produced the BNNSs nanofiltration membrane with high water flux and flexibility interception rate due to its excellent dispersibility. The optimal interception rate of the BNNSs filter membrane for a 2 mg·ml^-1Congo red (CR) solution was 96.12%, and the optimal flux of the BNNSs filter membrane for pure water was 1312 l·m^-2·h^-1·bar-¹according to the experiments. Additionally, the adsorption performance of BNNSs with different functionalized groups (e.g. hydroxyl and amino) for CR and heavy metal ions (copper ions) was studied through density functional theory theoretical calculations. This study not only present a highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective method for preparing hydrophilic BNNSs to enhance their yield, but also investigated and predicted the interception rate and flux of BNNSs nanofiltration membranes functionalized with different functional groups for water contaminated with metal ions and dyes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrothermally designed Ag-modified TiO₂heterogeneous nanocatalysts for efficient hydrogen evolution by photo/electro/photoelectro-chemical water splitting.","authors":"Mohd Fazil, Norah Alhokbany, Syed Asim Ali, Tokeer Ahmad","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/adbd48","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/adbd48","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One compelling goal of carbon-neutrality is to advance sustainable energy applications through advanced functional nanomaterials for achieving remarkable performance in energy conversion processes, especially in green H₂energy. Here, Ag-modified TiO₂nanostructures with highly specific exposed surface sites have been fabricated hydrothermally, elucidating its prominence towards photocatalytic, and photo/-electrocatalytic H₂production. Further, the as-synthesized nanomaterials were investigated by XRD, electron microscopy (SEM/EDAX/TEM/HRTEM), ICP-MS, PL, Raman, UV-visible DRS, and BET surface area studies. The enhanced activity was established due to the exceptional optoelectronic properties and highly exposed active sites of the Ag-modified TiO₂nanocatalysts. The photocatalytic activity of 2.5% Ag-doped TiO₂photocatalyst demonstrated the highest hydrogen evolution, measuring 15.66 mmolgcat-1with 17.33% apparent quantum yield. Moreover, for photo-electrolysis, 1% and 2.5% Ag-doped TiO₂nanocatalysts exhibited significantly improved activity with Tafel slopes of 162.49, 87.56 mV dec^-1and onset potentials of 0.77 V (at 1.55 mA cm^-2), -0.96 V (at 10 mA cm^-2) for oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline and acidic conditions. Experiments indicated that incorporation of Ag ions in TiO₂boosted the H₂evolution due to the extraordinary surface properties and the presence of defect-sides /oxygen vacancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143573447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiferromagnetic skyrmion-based energy-efficient leaky integrate and fire neuron device.","authors":"Namita Bindal, Md Mahadi Rajib, Ravish Kumar Raj, Jayasimha Atulasimha, Brajesh Kumar Kaushik","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/adb8c1","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/adb8c1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of energy-efficient neuromorphic hardware using spintronic devices based on antiferromagnetic (AFM) skyrmion motion on nanotracks has gained considerable interest. Owing to their properties such as robustness against external magnetic fields, negligible stray fields, and zero net topological charge, AFM skyrmions follow straight trajectories that prevent their annihilation at nanoscale racetrack edges. This makes the AFM skyrmions a more favorable candidate than the ferromagnetic (FM) skyrmions for future spintronic applications. This work proposes an AFM skyrmion-based neuron device exhibiting the leaky-integrate-fire (LIF) functionality by exploiting either a thermal gradient or a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) gradient in the nanotrack for leaky behavior by moving the skyrmion in the hotter region or the region with lower PMA, respectively, to minimize the system energy. Furthermore, it is shown that the AFM skyrmion couples efficiently to the soft FM layer of a magnetic tunnel junction, enabling efficient read-out of the skyrmion. The maximum change of 9.2% in tunnel magnetoresistance is estimated while detecting the AFM skyrmion. Moreover, the proposed neuron device has an energy dissipation of 4.32 fJ per LIF operation, thus paving the way for developing energy-efficient devices in AFM spintronics for neuromorphic computing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in spin properties of plant leaf-derived graphene quantum dots from materials to applications.","authors":"Yuan-Chih Hung, Jia-Ren Wu, Arun Prakash Periasamy, Nobuyuki Aoki, Chiashain Chuang","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/adb851","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/adb851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decade, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have gained an inexhaustible deal of attention due to their unique zero-dimensional (0D) and quantum confinement properties, which boosted their wide research implication and reliable applications. As one of the promising 0D member and rising star of the carbon family, plant leaf-derived GQDs have attracted significant attention from scholars working in different research fields. Owing to its novel photophysical properties including high photo-stability, plant leaf-derived GQDs have been increasingly utilized in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices. Their superior biocompatibility finds their use in biotechnology applications, while their fascinating spin and magnetic properties have maximized their utilization in spin-manipulation devices. In order to promote the applications of plant leaf-derived GQDs in different fields, several studies over the past decade have successfully utilized plant leaf as sustainable precursor and synthesized GQDs with various sizes using different chemical and physical methods. In this review, we summarize the Neem and Fenugreek leaves based methods of synthesis of plant leaf-derived GQDs, discussing their surface characteristics and photophysical properties. We highlight the size and wavelength dependent photoluminescence properties of plant leaf-derived GQDs towards their applications in optoelectronic devices such as white light-emitting diodes and photodetectors, as well as biotechnology applications such as<i>in vivo</i>imaging of apoptotic cells and spin related devices as magnetic storage medium. Finally, we particularly discuss possible ways of fine tuning the spin properties of plant leaf-derived GQD clusters by incorporation with superconducting quantum interference device, followed by utilization of atomic force microscopy and magnetic force microscopy measurements for the construction of future spin-based magnetic storage media and spin manipulation quantum devices so as to provide an outlook on the future spin applications of plant leaf-derived GQDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}