Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Emerging advancements in ecofriendly nanosorbent technology accompanied with natural fillers: a systematic review.","authors":"Neha Soni, Ranu Nayak","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/add5fe","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/add5fe","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasing incidence of oil spills due to maritime transportation and improper disposal of refinery waste has caused severe damage to marine ecosystems. Various traditional technologies have been developed to mitigate oil pollution. However, these methods require high-cost and complex multi-step treatments that limits their large-scale applicability. Sorbent-based remediation, particularly porous polymeric sorbents (synthetic and natural), has emerged as a promising strategy for oil spill cleanup. Synthetic polymeric sorbents exhibit high oil sorption capacities, but their non-biodegradability raises ecological concerns. Consequently, research has shifted toward nature-friendly biodegradable polymeric sorbents. Despite their environmental benefits, these sorbents often suffer from inherent hydrophilicity, limited oil selectivity, and low mechanical strength, that restricts their long-term performance. To enhance the oil selectivity and water repellency of biodegradable sorbents, various surface modification strategies have been explored. Chemical surface modifications with hydrophobic materials such as, CNTs, graphene oxide, and fluoroalkanes have proven to be effective in improving the water repellency, but raises concerns regarding toxicity and environmental safety. Recent advancements focus on integrating natural fillers, biomimetic surface engineering, and functional biocompatible coatings to achieve superior oil-water separation performance, while maintaining environmental safety. This review systematically analyzes time-based evolution and advancements in biodegradable polymeric nanosorbents, emphasizing their fabrication techniques, biocompatible surface modifications, and integration of natural fillers for enhanced oil-water separation. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple electronic databases (Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar), covering studies published from 2015 to 2024. Studies were selected based on keyword searches and reference mining to ensure comprehensive coverage of relevant developments in the field. By providing a comparative analysis of key performance metrics and identifying research gaps, this review highlights the potential of natural fillers and biomimetic strategies using bio-sources for developing next-generation superhydrophobic nanosorbents.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"mRNA lipid nanoparticles in CAR-T therapy: a novel strategy to improve efficacy.","authors":"Zengkai Zhao, Mingmei Li, Xiang Zheng, Pengli Gao, Chenlu Huang, Qingyu Yu, Limin Jin, Linhua Zhang, Dunwan Zhu, Fangzhou Li","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/add482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/add482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) immunotherapy has achieved remarkable progress in the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, it encounters challenges including complex manufacturing processes, high cost, and safety issues. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) technology, as an advanced gene delivery platform, offers significant advancements to CAR-T therapy through its high efficiency, low immunogenicity, and safety. LNP enable<i>in vivo</i>production of CAR-T cells, thereby improving delivery efficiency, reducing the risks of immunogenicity and insertional mutations, simplifying the production process and reducing costs. The scalability and rapid optimization ability of LNP position them as promising candidates for CAR-T cell production. LNP technology is expected to further promote the development of CAR-T immunotherapy and provide safer and more economical treatment options. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic review of the application of LNP in CAR-T therapy. In this review, we initially outline the fundamental design, process, and current challenges of CAR-T therapy. Subsequently, we present the characteristics of LNP, their advantages as a gene delivery vectors, and how they improve the efficacy of CAR-T therapy. Finally, we summarize the current research landscape of LNP applications in CAR-T therapy. This includes enhancing<i>in vitro</i>transfection of T cells, programming T cells<i>in situ</i>, facilitating T-cell activation, alleviating the side effects of CAR-T therapy, and combining CAR-T therapy with other immunotherapies. These advancements will aid in the design of mRNA delivery systems based on LNP, thereby promoting the development of CAR-T therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":"36 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in targeted therapy for inflammatory breast cancer: nanomaterials, conventional treatments, and clinical applications.","authors":"Eshana Bhattacharya, Siuli Shaw, Ranu Nayak, Sudeep Bose","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/add165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/add165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) presents a formidable challenge due to its rapid progression and unique clinical characteristics within the various manifestations of breast cancer. Despite being rare, its aggressive nature demands innovative approaches beyond conventional treatments. Nanomedicine offers exciting possibilities for improving all types of breast cancer therapeutics including IBC. In this review, we critically assess the current treatment landscape for IBC, highlighting the limitations of traditional methods and addressing the pressing need for new therapeutic strategies. Although many nanomaterials have been explored for breast cancer therapeutics, either alone or in combination with other therapies, only a limited number of nanotherapeutics have been extensively studied for IBC treatment. This review further explores how advancements in nanotechnology, such as nanoparticle- mediated photothermal therapy, Photodynamic therapy, and nanomedicinal targeted therapies can offer novel avenues for addressing the unique biological, technological, and regulatory challenges posed by IBC. IBC-related various nanomedicines based combinatorial therapies are highlighted in this review. It also provides a forward-looking perspective on key research directions and clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":"36 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile synthesis of cubic Ni_1-<i>x</i>Cr<i>_x</i>nanoalloys and their composition-dependent electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction.","authors":"Md Kawsar Alam, Manish Kumar Mohanta, Daulton White, Jordon Baker, Lisa S Graves, Puru Jena, Indika U Arachchige","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/add26f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/add26f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The viability of the electrolysis of water currently relies on expensive catalysts such as Pt that are far too impractical for industrial scale use. Thus, there is considerable interest in developing low-cost, earth-abundant nanomaterials and their alloys as a potential alternative to existing standard catalysts. To address this issue, a synergistic approach involving theory and experiment was carried out. The former, based on density functional theory, was conducted to guide the experiment in selecting the ideal dopant and optimal concentration by focusing on 3d, 4d, and 5d elements as dopants on Ni (001) surface. Subsequently, a series of Ni_1-<i>x</i>Cr<i>_x</i>(<i>x</i>= 0.01-0.09) alloy nanocrystals (NCs) with size ranging from 8.3 ± 1.6-18.2 ± 3.2 nm were colloidally synthesized to experimentally investigate the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. A compositional dependent trend for electrocatalytic activity was observed from both approaches with Ni_0.92Cr_0.08NCs showed the lowest Δ<i>G</i>_Hvalue and the lowest overpotential (<i>η</i>_-10) at -10 mA cm^-2current density (<i>j</i>), suggesting the highest HER activity among all compositions studied. Among alloy NCs, the highest performing Ni_0.92Cr_0.08composition displayed a mixed Volmer-Heyrovsky HER mechanism, the lowest Tafel slope, and improved stability in alkaline solutions. This study provides critical insights into enhancing the performance of earth-abundant metals through doping-induced electronic structure variation, paving the way for the design of high-efficiency catalysts for water electrolysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":"36 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electron microscopy study of the shell geometry in bent and twisted GaAs-InP core-shell nanowires.","authors":"Spencer McDermott, Trevor R Smith, Ryan B Lewis","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/add26e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/add26e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The spontaneous bending of core-shell nanowires through asymmetric shell deposition has implications for sensors, enabling both parallel fabrication and creating advantageous out-of-plane nanowire sensor geometries. This study investigates the impact of shell deposition geometry on the shell distribution and bending of GaAs-InP core-shell nanowires. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy methods are employed to quantify nanowire twisting and bending. A practical analytical electron tomography reconstruction technique is developed for characterizing the nanowire shell distribution, which utilizes the hexagonal nanowire shape to reconstruct two-dimensional cross-sections along the nanowire length. The study reveals that the orientation of the phosphorus beam with respect to the nanowire side facets induces significant variations in nanowire bending and twisting. The findings demonstrate the important role of crystallographic orientation during core-shell nanowire synthesis for engineering the shape of bent nanowire sensors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":"36 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of electric potential in p-GaN/InGaN/n-GaN nanowire LEDs.","authors":"Anitha Jose, Arup K Kunti, Nuno Amador-Mendez, Tiphaine Mathieu-Pennober, Laurent Travers, Cristina Cordoba, Noelle Gogneau, Maria Tchernycheva, Karen L Kavanagh","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/add741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/add741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advances in the development of deep ultraviolet, light emitting diodes (LEDs) have been reported for nanowire (NW) device geometries composed of nitride semiconductors. Typically, these involve arrays of NWs where the level of variation in the electrical and optical properties of individual NW LEDs is unknown. In this work, the electric potential distributions in axial p-GaN/InGaN/n-GaN nanowire LEDs grown by plasma-assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) are investigated using electron holography (EH). Two kinds of NWs are observed to grow simultaneously on the same substrate. One type exhibits a long, thin morphology and a varying diameter, while the other has a short, wide morphology with a uniform diameter. Although the bottom p-GaN and InGaN regions have similar lengths in both types, the top n-GaN region are five times longer in the first type. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra from arrays, show an InGaN emission peak ranging from 2.55 eV to 2.65 eV, which indicates an average In composition of 20 ± 3 percent. This is consistent with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) maps from individual NWs of both types, which reveal a core/shell InGaN/GaN structure with similar composition. However, the EH potential maps reveal a built-in junction voltage of approximately 3 V in the long, thin NWs, while the short NWs exhibit a drastic reduction, with a junction voltage of only 0.6 V. The difference is primarily attributed to the length of the short wire n-doped segment being too short to reach the flat potential of a complete p-n junction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved energy storage performance of BOPP sandwich structured films by modulating the topological structure.","authors":"Yi Gong, Xin Wei, Liangbao Liu, Haozhe Jia, Ruijiao Liu","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/add01d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/add01d","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the basis of the modern electronics industry, electronic functional materials provide powerful support for the development of science and technology. Biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) dielectric films are widely used in capacitors for excellent dielectric advantages. In this paper, a topological-structured multilayer sandwich dielectric film was designed. BOPP was used as the outer layer, the blend of chlorinated polypropylene/polyvinylidene fluoride (CPP/PVDF) as the middle layer, and two-dimensional boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) were added to the CPP/PVDF blend to enhance its breakdown strength. The sandwich-structured films had the highest discharged energy density of 5.17 J cm^-3at 3 vol% addition of BNNS in the middle layer, and the charge-discharge efficiency maintained at a high level of 82.1%. The dielectric and energy storage properties of BOPP sandwich films were effectively improved by the introduction of large aspect ratio fillers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":"36 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bright quantum dot light sources using monolithic microlenses on gold back-reflectors.","authors":"Moritz Langer, Sai A Dhurjati, Yared G Zena, Ahmad Rahimi, Mandira Pal, Liesa Raith, Sandra Nestler, Riccardo Bassoli, Frank H P Fitzek, Oliver G Schmidt, Caspar Hopfmann","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/add350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/add350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We demonstrate a scalable method for fabricating bright GaAs quantum dot (QD) photon sources by embedding them into broadband monolithic AlGaAs microlens arrays on gold-coated GaAs substrates. Cylindrical photoresist templates (2-5 <i>µ</i>m diameter) are thermally reflowed and transferred into AlGaAs thin films using an optimized 3D reactive ion etching process. This yields large-area (2 mm × 4 mm), high-density (∼40×103 mm^-2) microlens arrays of uniform shape. The brightest QD emissions are found in lenses with 2.7 <i>µ</i>m diameter and 1.35 <i>µ</i>m height. Finite-difference time-domain simulations of lens geometries reveal optimization potentials, including anti-reflection coatings. It is found that free-space and fiber-coupled extraction efficiencies can reach up to 62% and 37%, respectively. A statistical fabrication model, validated through photoluminescence spectroscopy, shows intensity enhancements up to × 200 in ca. 1 out of 200 lenses, aligning well with theoretical predictions. This approach highlights the promise of compact, efficient photon sources for future large-scale quantum network applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":"36 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The convergence of nanomanufacturing and artificial intelligence: trends and future directions.","authors":"Vamsi K Yadavalli","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/add304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/add304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of nanoscale production processes with Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms has the potential to open new frontiers in nanomanufacturing by accelerating development timelines, optimizing production, reducing costs, enhancing quality control, and improving sustainability. Such changes are already underway with digital and cyber-physical technologies becoming increasingly intertwined with 'smart' manufacturing and industrial processes today. With the nanomanufacturing sector focused on the scalable production of complex (nano)materials, (nano)devices, and biologics, AI and its sub-fields, including machine learning (ML), are positioned to be key enablers of efficiency and innovation. In this topical review, we briefly explore the current state-of-the-art of how AI and ML techniques can be employed within nanomanufacturing. We discuss from a birds-eye perspective, the impact of AI/ML on various stages of the production lifecycle, and examine future opportunities and challenges. Key areas include computational design and discovery, process optimization, predictive maintenance, and quality assurance/defect detection. Further, challenges in implementation, process complexity, and ethical and regulatory considerations are explored in light of the increasing reliance on data-driven approaches for manufacturing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":"36 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation study of biosensor based on germanium-based dual-source dopingless line-tunneling FET.","authors":"Junjie Huang, Hongxia Liu, Shupeng Chen, Shulong Wang, Chen Chong, Zhanpeng Yan, Xilong Zhou, Chang Liu","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/add303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/add303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we propose and investigate a biosensor based on germanium-based dual-source dopingless line-tunneling FET, which uses dielectric modulation to detect biomolecules. Dual source and line-tunneling structure improves open state current of the biosensor. The trench gate structure facilitates biomolecules filling and cavity etching while enhancing the tunneling area. The dopingless structure prevents the formation of mutant junctions and minimizes the effects of random dopant fluctuations. Simulation results show that the proposed biosensor demonstrates excellent performance, with a high switching ratio of 5.9 × 10¹¹, a maximum threshold voltage sensitivity of 3.1 V, a maximum open state current sensitivity of 2.8 × 10⁶, a maximum average subthreshold swing (SS) sensitivity of 0.86, and the minimum average SS is 36.8 mv/decade. The proposed biosensor, exhibiting high sensitivity and low power consumption, holds significant application potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":"36 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}