Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"High performance and nearly wake-up free Hf_0.5Zr_0.5O₂ferroelectric capacitor realized by middle layer strategy with BEOL compatibility.","authors":"Yin-Chi Liu, Gen-Ran Xie, Ji-Ning Yang, Hao Zhang, Dmitriy Anatolyevich Golosov, Chenjie Gu, Bao Zhu, Xiaohan Wu, Hong-Liang Lu, Shi-Jin Ding, Wenjun Liu","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8bcc","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8bcc","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hf_0.5Zr_0.5O₂(HZO) has drawn great attention owing to its excellent ferroelectricity, sub-10 nm scalability, and CMOS compatibility. With regard to increasingly restrict thermal budget and power consumption, conventional HZO films need further optimization to meet these demands. Here, we propose a middle layer (ML) strategy aiming to enhance ferroelectricity and inhibit wake-up effect of ferroelectric (FE) capacitors compatible with back-end of line under the low operating electric field. ZrO₂, HfO₂, and Al₂O₃were integrated into HZO film as different MLs. Among them, the device with ZrO₂ML achieves the excellent double remnant polarization (2<i>P</i>_r) of 41.7<i>μ</i>C cm^-2under the operating electric field of 2 MV cm^-1. Moreover, ultralow wake-up ratios of around 0.08 and 0.05 were observed under 2 MV cm^-1and 3 MV cm^-1, respectively. Additionally, the FE capacitor with ZrO₂ML demonstrated an enhanced reliability characterizations, including a stable 2<i>P</i>_rof 40.7<i>μ</i>C cm^-2after 4.3 × 10⁹cycles. This work provides the perspective to optimize both the ferroelectricity and reliability, while maintains the ultralow wake-up ratio in HfO₂-based FE through ML engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-supply of hydrogen peroxide by a bimetal-based nanocatalytic platform to enhance chemodynamic therapy for tumor treatment.","authors":"Tingxuan Yan, Jiahao Su, Tingyuan Yan, Jinlei Bian, Ahmed R Ali, Wei Yuan, Linping Wei, Yu Wang, Mengting Gao, Qiang Ding, Lei Bi, Shuangshou Wang, Xinya Han","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8ce5","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8ce5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by low pH, hypoxia, and overexpression of glutathione (GSH). Owing to the complexity of tumor pathogenesis and the heterogeneity of the TME, achieving satisfactory efficacy with a single treatment method is difficult, which significantly impedes tumor treatment. In this study, composite nanoparticles of calcium-copper/alginate-hyaluronic acid (HA) (CaO₂-CuO₂@SA/HA NC) with pH and GSH responsiveness were prepared for the first time through a one-step synthesis using HA as a targeting ligand. Nanoparticles loaded with H₂O₂can enhance the chemodynamic therapy effects. Simultaneously, Cu²⁺can generate oxygen in the TME and alleviate hypoxia in tumor tissue. Cu²⁺and H₂O₂undergo the Fenton reaction to produce cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals and Ca²⁺ions, which enhance the localization and clearance of nanoparticles in tumor cells. Additionally, HA and sodium alginate (SA) were utilized to improve the targeting and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. Fourier transform infrared, x-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, SEM, transmission electron microscope, and other analytical methods were used to investigate their physical and chemical properties. The results indicate that the CaO₂-CuO₂@SA/HA NC prepared using a one-step method had a particle size of 220 nm, a narrow particle size distribution, and a uniform morphology. The hydrogen peroxide self-supplied nanodrug delivery system exhibited excellent pH-responsive release performance and glutathione-responsive •OH release ability while also reducing the level of reactive oxide species quenching.<i>In vitro</i>cell experiments, no obvious side effects on normal tissues were observed; however, the inhibition rate of malignant tumors HepG2 and DU145 exceeded 50%. The preparation of CaO₂-CuO₂@SA/HA NC nanoparticles, which can achieve both chemokinetic therapy and ion interference therapy, has demonstrated significant potential for clinical applications in cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoinduced modulation and the effect of CNT loading on field effect transistor characteristics of CNT/ZnO/PVDF composite.","authors":"Bhanu Prakash Bisht, Vijaykumar Toutam, Sanjay R Dhakate","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8bcd","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8bcd","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon nanotube (CNT)/ZnO/ polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer composite phototransistor is studied for the effect of CNT loading and the photoinduced modulation on its transfer characteristics. XRD study shows that the induced strain in the composite is due to the addition of CNT to the ZnO/PVDF composite. The percentage of<i>β</i>-phase present in PVDF is estimated through Raman spectroscopy and the composite's spectral response is determined by UV-Vis absorbance spectroscopy. From the DC electrical conductivity study it is found that the percolation threshold for the composites is obtained for 0.3 wt% of CNT, and 0.44 wt % of CNT loading makes the composite conductive. On adding 1 wt% of CNT, the electrical conductivity of the ZnO/PVDF composite increases 40 times (∼0.2<i>μ</i>S m^-1). The temperature-dependent DC conductivity shows that the conductivity of the composites changes from variable range hopping to band conductance upon an increase in CNT loading above the percolation threshold and exhibits a negative temperature coefficient. Two terminal photoconductivity studies are done to understand the photo enhancement and sensitivity of all the devices. PE hysteresis studies show that the polarization of the composites increases drastically from 0.05<i>μ</i>C cm^-2below the percolation threshold to 10-30<i>μ</i>C cm^-2above the percolation threshold of CNT in the composite. To study the effect of interfacial polarization on photoconductivity, the composite is studied in a three-terminal device format using SiO₂as a gate dielectric. A band diagram analysis of the oxide-composite and CNT/ZnO interface is done to understand the mechanism behind the photoinduced field effect on transfer characteristics and the effect of CNT loading. The switching behavior and decay time under UV illumination are studied to understand the effect of CNT loading and photoinduced polarization. The persistent photoconductivity decreases and the charge collection efficiency of the FET increases as the CNT loading increases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Room-temperature infrared photoluminescence and broadband photodetection characteristics of Ge/GeSi islands on silicon-on-insulator.","authors":"Sudarshan Singh, John Wellington John, Arijit Sarkar, Veerendra Dhyani, Samaresh Das, Samit K Ray","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad87fb","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad87fb","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, molecular beam epitaxial growth of strain-driven three-dimensional self-assembled Ge/GeSi islands on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates, along with their optical and photodetection characteristics, have been demonstrated. The as-grown islands exhibit a bimodal size distribution, consisting of both Ge and GeSi alloy islands, and show significant photoluminescence (PL) emission at room temperature, specifically near optical communication wavelengths. Additionally, these samples were used to fabricate a Ge/GeSi islands/Si nanowire based phototransistor using a typical e-beam lithography process. The fabricated device exhibited broadband photoresponse characteristics, spanning a wide wavelength range (300-1600 nm) coupled with superior photodetection characteristics and relatively low dark current (∼ tens of pA). The remarkable photoresponsivity of the fabricated device, with a peak value of ∼11.4 A W^-1(<i>λ</i>∼ 900 nm) in the near-infrared region and ∼1.36 A W^-1(<i>λ</i>∼ 1500 nm) in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) region, is a direct result of the photoconductive gain exceeding unity. The room-temperature optical emission and outstanding photodetection performance, covering a wide spectral range from the visible to the SWIR region, showcased by the single layer of Ge/GeSi islands on SOI substrate, highlight their potential towards advanced applications in broadband infrared Si-photonics and imaging. These capabilities make them highly promising for cutting-edge applications compatible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable photo-response in the visible to NIR spectrum range of Germanium-based junctionless nanowire transistor.","authors":"Vikash Sharma, Nitish Kumar, Sumit Sharma, Pushpapraj Singh, Ankur Gupta, Samaresh Das","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8bce","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8bce","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, the phototransistor behavior is investigated in the germanium-on-insulator (GeOI)-based junctionless nanowire (JL-NW) transistor under various light conditions. High responsivity and photosensitivity are attributed in the fully depleted regime within the visible and near-infrared bands. The impact of light is also investigated in detail on the electronic and transfer characteristics such as energy bandgap, carrier distribution, electrostatic potential, electric field, generation and recombination rates. Further, the channel doping and thickness are tuned to optimize the optical responsivity. The significant tunability of responsivity is observed with increasing channel thickness. The device exhibits fast optical switching performance, which is further enhanced at higher input light power. Overall, at the nanoscale dimension, our proposed phototransistor demonstrates better detectivity with a significantly smaller illumination area. Thus, the GeOI-based JL-NW phototransistors can be used for imaging (visible wavelength range) and bioimaging (near-infrared wavelength range) applications in advanced technology nodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoimprinting and backside ultraviolet lithography for fabricating metal nanostructures with higher aspect ratio.","authors":"Yu-Chun Ding, Yung-Chun Lee","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8bcb","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8bcb","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper introduces an innovative approach to increasing the aspect ratio of metal nanostructures fabricated using nanoimprint lithography (NIL). Although conventional NIL and metal lift-off processes can fabricate metal nanostructures, the achievable aspect ratio is often limited by the inherent constraints of NIL. In this study, we demonstrate that for an ultraviolet (UV) transparent substrate, metal nanostructures patterned via NIL can serve as a photomask. A negative-tone photoresist (PR) layer was then deposited on top of the patterned metal nanostructures. By illuminating the substrate from the backside with UV light and subsequently developing the PR, PR structures complementary and self-aligned to the metal layer were obtained. This enabled a second round of metal deposition and lift-off, thereby increasing the height of the metal structures and enhancing the aspect ratio. Experimentally, we demonstrated that this method can improve the aspect ratio from less than 1.0 to as high as 2.1. This paper also addresses the further developments and potential applications of this technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From materials to structures: a holistic examination of achieving linearity in flexible pressure sensors.","authors":"Pei Li, Yong Zhang, Chunbao Li, Xian Chen, Xin Gou, Yong Zhou, Jun Yang, Lei Xie","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8750","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a pivotal category in the realm of electronics skins, flexible pressure sensors have become a focal point due to their diverse applications such as robotics, aerospace industries, and wearable devices. With the growing demands for measurement accuracy, data reliability, and electrical system compatibility, enhancing sensor's linearity has become increasingly critical. Analysis shows that the nonlinearity of flexible sensors primarily originates from mechanical nonlinearity due to the nolinear deformation of polymers and electrical nonlinearity caused by changes in parameters such as resistance. These nonlinearities can be mitigated through geometric design, material design or combination of both. This work reviews linear design strategies for sensors from the perspectives of structure and materials, covering the following main points: (a) an overview of the fundamental working mechanisms for various sensors; (b) a comprehensive explanation of different linear design strategies and the underlying reasons; (c) a detailed review of existing work employing these strategies and the achieved effects. Additionally, this work delves into diverse applications of linear flexible pressure sensors, spanning robotics, safety, electronic skin, and health monitoring. Finally, existing constraints and future research prospects are outlined to pave the way for the further development of high-performance flexible pressure sensors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TEOS modification for improved performance in perovskite solar cells: addressing the interface defects and charge transfer issues of SnO₂ETL.","authors":"Murat Ebic","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad7e32","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad7e32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The remarkable advancements in performance and rapid progress of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in recent years have captured the interest of the photovoltaics (PVs) community. Nevertheless, defects occurring at the interface between the electron transporting layer (ETL) and perovskite, along with issues related to charge transfer, significantly impede the PV efficiency of these cells. In this study, we investigated the impact of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) on charge transfer and defect states at the interface by incorporating varying concentrations of TEOS into the SnO₂ETL and modifying the interface between the ETL and perovskite. This process can passivate the defects at the ETL/perovskite (Cs_0.05(FA_0.85MA_0.15)_0.95Pb(I_0.85Br_0.15)₃) interface and significantly extend the carrier lifetime. Moreover, TEOS modification plays a promising role in the growth kinetics of the perovskite films. As a result, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.0% was achieved with admissible phase stability in the presence of TEOS as dopant in SnO₂ETL, while only 17.64% PCE was obtained for TEOS-free control structure. A promising PCE of 19.93% was achieved for ETL/TEOS/perovskite interface modification. This study presents a promising solution to address interface defects and charge transfer issues, which represent significant obstacles to the commercial scalability of PSCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roadmap on magnetic nanoparticles in nanomedicine.","authors":"Kai Wu, Jian-Ping Wang, Niranjan A Natekar, Stefano Ciannella, Cristina González-Fernández, Jenifer Gomez-Pastora, Yuping Bao, Jinming Liu, Shuang Liang, Xian Wu, Linh Nguyen T Tran, Karla Mercedes Paz González, Hyeon Choe, Jacob Strayer, Poornima Ramesh Iyer, Jeffrey Chalmers, Vinit Kumar Chugh, Bahareh Rezaei, Shahriar Mostufa, Zhi Wei Tay, Chinmoy Saayujya, Quincy Huynh, Jacob Bryan, Renesmee Kuo, Elaine Yu, Prashant Chandrasekharan, Benjamin Fellows, Steven Conolly, Ravi L Hadimani, Ahmed A El-Gendy, Renata Saha, Thomas J Broomhall, Abigail L Wright, Michael Rotherham, Alicia J El Haj, Zhiyi Wang, Jiarong Liang, Ana Abad-Díaz-de-Cerio, Lucía Gandarias, Alicia G Gubieda, Ana García-Prieto, Mª Luisa Fdez-Gubieda","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8626","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) represent a class of small particles typically with diameters ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. These nanoparticles are composed of magnetic materials such as iron, cobalt, nickel, or their alloys. The nanoscale size of MNPs gives them unique physicochemical (physical and chemical) properties not found in their bulk counterparts. Their versatile nature and unique magnetic behavior make them valuable in a wide range of scientific, medical, and technological fields. Over the past decade, there has been a significant surge in MNP-based applications spanning biomedical uses, environmental remediation, data storage, energy storage, and catalysis. Given their magnetic nature and small size, MNPs can be manipulated and guided using external magnetic fields. This characteristic is harnessed in biomedical applications, where these nanoparticles can be directed to specific targets in the body for imaging, drug delivery, or hyperthermia treatment. Herein, this roadmap offers an overview of the current status, challenges, and advancements in various facets of MNPs. It covers magnetic properties, synthesis, functionalization, characterization, and biomedical applications such as sample enrichment, bioassays, imaging, hyperthermia, neuromodulation, tissue engineering, and drug/gene delivery. However, as MNPs are increasingly explored for<i>in vivo</i>applications, concerns have emerged regarding their cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and degradation, prompting attention from both researchers and clinicians. This roadmap aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the evolving landscape of MNP research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11539342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability and reversibility of organic molecule modifications of CVD-synthesized monolayer MoS₂.","authors":"Antun Lovro Brkić, Antonio Supina, Davor Čapeta, Lucija Dončević, Lucija Ptiček, Šimun Mandić, Livio Racané, Ida Delač","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad8e6c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ad8e6c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the stability of monolayer MoS₂samples synthesized using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and subsequently modified with organic molecules under ambient conditions. By analyzing the optical signatures of the samples using photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), Raman spectroscopy, and surface quality using atomic force microscopy (AFM), we observed that this modification of monolayer MoS₂with organic molecules is stable and retains its optical signature over time under ambient conditions. Furthermore, we show the reversibility of the effects induced by the organic molecules, as heating the modified samples restores their original optical signatures, indicating the re-establishment of the optical properties of the pristine monolayer MoS₂.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}