Journal of Diabetes最新文献

{"title":"Trends, Social Determinants, and Lifestyle Factors Associated With Comorbidity of Diabetes and Kidney Diseases Among Chinese Adults Aged ≥ 45 Years","authors":"Guanghui Cui,&nbsp;Shaojie Li,&nbsp;Yu Qin,&nbsp;Yuqin Zhang,&nbsp;Kunpeng Hui,&nbsp;Mengfan Feng,&nbsp;Weiwei Li,&nbsp;Xuezhi Zhang","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The dual burden of diabetes and kidney disease poses a growing public health challenge in aging populations, yet its longitudinal trends and modifiable determinants in China remain understudied. This study aims to track the trends in the prevalence of the comorbidity of diabetes and kidney disease in Chinese middle-aged and older adults over a 10-year period (2011–2020) and identify social determinants and lifestyle factors associated with this comorbidity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study utilized data from five waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Temporal trends and geographical distributions of the comorbidity of diabetes and kidney diseases were analyzed across survey years; disaggregated by sex, residence, and geographical region. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to explore the associations between SDOH burden, lifestyle factors, and the risk of comorbidity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of diabetes and kidney disease comorbidity exhibited a clear upward trend among Chinese adults aged ≥ 45 years, increasing from 0.60% in 2011 to 3.10% in 2020. Geographical analysis revealed significant regional disparities, with Northeast China having the highest prevalence throughout the decade (4.76% in 2020). High SDOH burden was associated with an increased risk of comorbidity (HR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.01–1.52). Conversely, maintaining a good (HR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.27–0.54) or moderate (HR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.59–0.91) lifestyle was associated with a reduced risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The rising prevalence and significant regional disparities of diabetes and kidney disease comorbidity underscore the urgent need for targeted public health interventions in China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144843667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio Outperforms Glycemic Variability in Predicting Mortality Among Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Weiyan Lai,&nbsp;Xiu Ying Peng,&nbsp;Hui Peng,&nbsp;Yang Chen","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and glycemic variability (GV) are established markers of glucose metabolism dysregulation. This study compared their predictive values for mortality and arrhythmic events in patients with reduced ejection fraction following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed 1933 AMI patients with reduced ejection fraction from the MIMIC-IV database (v3.1, 2008–2022). The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality, with secondary endpoints including 1-year all-cause mortality, ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF), and cardiac arrest. Multivariate logistic regression models evaluated associations with in-hospital outcomes, while Cox proportional hazards models assessed 1-year mortality. Restricted cubic spline models examined non-linear relationships between SHR and outcomes, with discriminative ability compared using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among patients (mean age 67.3 years), 401 (20.7%) died during hospitalization and 662 (34.2%) within one year. After adjustment, SHR showed the strongest association with in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24–1.82) compared to GV (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.99–1.01). For 1-year mortality, SHR maintained superior performance (hazard ratio: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.19–1.65), with the highest tertile significantly associated with increased risk. ROC analysis confirmed SHR's superior predictive capacity for both mortality endpoints and VT/VF, while none of the indices significantly predicted cardiac arrest. SHR's predictive value was more pronounced in non-diabetic patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In post-AMI patients with reduced ejection fraction, SHR demonstrated superior predictive value for mortality compared to GV, supporting its incorporation into risk stratification models for individualized glucose management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"And the Dog Was Barking: Transforming Quality of Life in Diabetes Through Innovative Hypoglycemia Detection","authors":"Theocharis Koufakis,&nbsp;Djordje S. Popovic,&nbsp;Nikolaos Papanas","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70143","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;For people living with diabetes, hypoglycemia has long been a silent threat—its approach often as unnoticed as a dog barking in the distance, unheard by those most at risk. Since the earliest clinical descriptions of diabetes, hypoglycemia has been recognized as a critical and sometimes life-threatening complication of glucose-lowering therapy [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. In the early 20th century, with the advent of insulin therapy, hypoglycemia emerged as a new and immediate concern, often identified only after the onset of severe neuroglycopenic symptoms. Early detection relied primarily on clinical observation and patient self-reporting of warning signs, with little objective measurement available. The development of capillary blood glucose testing in the 1970s and 1980s marked a major advance, enabling both patients and clinicians to more accurately identify and document hypoglycemic episodes. Over the past two decades, the evaluation of hypoglycemia has been revolutionized by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technologies and the integration of predictive algorithms, which now allow for real-time detection, detailed glycemic profiling, and proactive management [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. This historical progression from symptom-based recognition to advanced digital monitoring reflects the ongoing commitment to improving safety and outcomes in diabetes care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;However, hypoglycemia remains a principal barrier to optimal glycemic control in diabetes, particularly for individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), who require intensive insulin regimens to prevent microvascular and macrovascular complications [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. While intensified therapy reduces long-term risks, it simultaneously increases the incidence of hypoglycemia, necessitating careful therapeutic balancing. A significant subset of individuals with T1DM—estimated at up to 25%—develop hypoglycemia unawareness, where autonomic warning symptoms such as sweating and tremor become attenuated or absent [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;]. This phenomenon greatly elevates the risk for severe events requiring external assistance, often forcing patients and clinicians to accept higher glucose targets than recommended [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. Thus, the fear and reality of hypoglycemia continue to restrict the full benefits of modern diabetes therapies and remain a central concern in clinical care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The implications of hypoglycemia extend well beyond transient physical symptoms. Acute episodes have been associated with a heightened risk of cardiac arrhythmias and myocardial ischemia, linked to autonomic surges and altered cardiac repolarization [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;]. Hypoglycemia may also induce a prothrombotic state, increasing platelet activation and coagulation, thereby further raising cardiovascular risk—an especially pertinent issue in people already predisposed to vascular disease [&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;]. At a neurological level, repeated or severe events can result in cognitive dysfunction, seizures, and, rarely, irrev","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No Evidence of Metabolomic Disruptions From Real-World Intakes of Aspartame or Saccharin: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study","authors":"Brian T. Steffen,&nbsp;Elizabeth R. Lusczek,&nbsp;David R. Jacobs Jr,&nbsp;Chi Chen,&nbsp;Venkatesh L. Murthy,&nbsp;Linda Van Horn,&nbsp;James G. Terry,&nbsp;John Jeffrey Carr,&nbsp;Lyn M. Steffen","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Artificial sweeteners have become ubiquitous additives in the food supply, and yet the safety of their regular consumption remains controversial. The present study examined whether intakes of aspartame or saccharin are related to aberrations in the plasma metabolome indicating disruptions in metabolism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cohort of 2160 male and female participants, mean age 32.1 years, was included in the analysis. Liquid chromatography and mass-spectrometry assessed 549 unique plasma metabolites. Diet was assessed using a validated questionnaire that allowed for estimation of aspartame and saccharin intakes. A generalized linear regression model evaluated associations of saccharin or aspartame intake with plasma metabolites with adjustment for potential confounders and multiple comparisons. Multiple sensitivity analyses and propensity score matching were conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Heavy aspartame intake (≥ 5 servings/day) was associated with plasma levels (per SD) of saccharin (<i>β</i> = 0.90; <i>q</i> = 9.0E-36), myo-inositol (<i>β</i> = 0.27; <i>q</i> = 3.7E-04), caffeine (<i>β</i> = 0.31; <i>q</i> = 4.1E-04), and five metabolites of caffeine including 1,7-dimethyluric acid (<i>β</i> = 0.37; <i>q</i> = 7.1E-06), 1-methylurate (<i>β</i> = 0.36; <i>q</i> = 7.1E-06), 5-acetylamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil (<i>β</i> = 0.38; <i>q</i> = 3.2E-6), theophylline (<i>β</i> = 0.36; <i>q</i> = 9.1E-06), and 1-methylxanthine (<i>β</i> = 0.32; <i>q</i> = 2.0E-03). Saccharin intake was associated with plasma levels of saccharin alone (<i>β</i> = 0.29; <i>q</i> = 1.8E-10). No associations with sugars, carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, or other metabolites that would suggest metabolic perturbations were observed with either artificial sweetener; sensitivity analyses supported these findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the largest metabolomics study to date, no link was found between metabolic disruptions and either aspartame or saccharin intake. We cannot exclude the possibility that more extreme intakes may be related to metabolic disruptions among consumers of artificial sweeteners.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70138","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ketogenic Diet, Serum Ketone Bodies and Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease in Patients With Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Multi-Cohort Study","authors":"Ke Liu,&nbsp;Qing Yang,&nbsp;Yanlin Lang,&nbsp;Yutong Zou,&nbsp;Jiamin Yuan,&nbsp;Jia Yang,&nbsp;Jing Ma,&nbsp;Linli Cai,&nbsp;Xianglin Kong,&nbsp;Fuhai Yang,&nbsp;Fang Liu","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70140","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to explore the effect of the ketogenic diet (KD) on the occurrence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and the longitudinal relationship between circulating β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB) and kidney outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used the dietary ketogenic ratio (DKR) to estimate the nutritional ketosis probability of KD and analyzed the association with ESRD using NHANES cross-sectional data by Spearman correlation coefficient and multivariate logistic regression model. We also used the Kaplan–Meier method, Cox regression analysis, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) to analyze the relationship between circulating β-OHB and renal outcomes in the T2DM-DKD longitudinal cohort of West China Hospital. Mendelian randomization (MR) was also employed to evaluate potential causal associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cross-sectional analysis revealed that non-ESRD patients had significantly higher baseline age, BMI, serum albumin, and DKR values, with a weak negative correlation between DKR and serum creatinine (<i>ρ</i> = −0.072, <i>p</i> = 0.011). Logistic regression consistently indicated a reduced ESRD prevalence in higher DKR quartiles. In the longitudinal study, elevated β-OHB levels were associated with improved renal survival and a lower risk of ESRD, with RCS analysis identifying the lowest risk at approximately 0.25 mmol/L. MR analyses supported these findings, showing inverse correlations between genetically predicted β-OHB and creatinine (<i>p</i> = 0.007) and cystatin c (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest that KD may be associated with a lower incidence of ESRD in DKD patients, with elevated β-OHB levels independently associated with a reduced risk of ESRD, warranting further research to confirm causality and elucidate underlying mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of Novel Advances in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Yazdan Ebrahimpour,&nbsp;Sahbasadat Khatami,&nbsp;Mahsa Saffar,&nbsp;Alireza Fereidouni,&nbsp;Zahra Biniaz,&nbsp;Nafiseh Erfanian,&nbsp;Mohammad Fereidouni","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disorder where the immune system targets and destroys insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreas. It generally emerges during childhood or adolescence, but individuals of any age can be affected. In contrast to Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) which is often associated with lifestyle factors, T1DM cannot be prevented and necessitates lifelong management. Currently, there is no definitive cure for T1DM, and patients rely on continuous insulin injections for their entire lives. Ongoing developments in insulin treatment, such as insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitoring, and hybrid closed-loop systems, offer promising alternatives. Despite advancements in intensive glycemic control that have reduced the occurrence of microvascular and macrovascular complications, a significant number of T1DM patients still these issues. Extensive research efforts are crucial to achieve early detection, prevent the loss of β-cells, and devise improved treatment strategies to enhance the quality of life and prognosis for those affected. This review explores the most noteworthy and recent advancements in the field of T1DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144782283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontal Disease: A Contributing Factor to Adverse Outcome in Diabetes","authors":"Edgard El Chaar","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Periodontal disease is a prevalent and chronic inflammatory condition increasingly recognized for its systemic implications beyond oral health. While traditionally confined to dentistry, recent evidence reveals strong associations between periodontitis and chronic systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's disease, and various cancers. Mechanistic studies have identified plausible biological pathways, including systemic dissemination of periodontal pathogens and immune mediators, which can exacerbate distant organ inflammation and dysfunction. Experimental models highlight how oral bacteria influence immune responses, disrupt gut and vascular homeostasis, and contribute to oncogenesis and autoimmunity. Notably, bidirectional relationships, such as those between periodontitis and diabetes, underscore the need for integrated care approaches. Effective periodontal therapy has demonstrated systemic benefits, including improved glycemic control and reduced inflammation. Given the mounting evidence, periodontal disease should be approached as a critical component of systemic health, necessitating interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare providers to optimize patient outcomes and public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144767694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and Implications of Nomogram for Predicting Sustained Glycemic Remission After Short-Term Intensive Insulin Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Lijuan Xu,&nbsp;Liehua Liu,&nbsp;Zhiwei Xie,&nbsp;Zhimin Huang,&nbsp;Hai Li,&nbsp;Juan Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoying He,&nbsp;Wanping Deng,&nbsp;Yanbing Li","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70135","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early short-term intensive insulin therapy may induce sustained glycemic remission in type 2 diabetes. However, patients' responses vary greatly. Exploring key factors to improve glycemic control and predict the probability of remission precisely is meaningful for future treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes receiving 2–3 weeks of intensive insulin therapy were followed up for at least 1 year in three randomized clinical trials. Data of theirs were extracted with the same inclusion criteria and divided into training and validation sets. A nomogram was constructed in the training set and tested in the internal validation set.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 302 patients with transient intensive insulin therapy, 162 (53.64%) patients achieved the 1-year glycemic remission. Severe hyperglycemia at baseline did not impede future remission, as the remission rate was 60.70% in those with HbA1c greater than 13%. Three parameters were identified as predictive factors in the nomogram: fasting glucose after short-term insulin treatment, mean glucose during insulin therapy, and postprandial glucose/fasting glucose ratio at baseline. The odds ratios were 0.06 (95% CI, 0.02–0.25), 0.41 (0.18–0.93) and 6.55 (1.39–30.89), respectively. Incorporating these factors, the nomogram achieved an accuracy of 81.50%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Short-term intensive insulin therapy assists patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and significant hyperglycemia to achieve glycemic remission. A rigorous control of glucose during insulin treatment favors future remission. We construct a nomogram to predict sustained glycemic remission, which may help determine whether subsequent medication is needed and thus reduce both overtreatment and therapeutic inertia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Metabolic Status Associate With IVF Outcomes in Women Within Similar Body Mass Index Category: Evidence From a Large Cohort Study","authors":"Lin Ding,&nbsp;Xiaojing Lin,&nbsp;Peipei Pan,&nbsp;Yan Li,&nbsp;Wei Chen,&nbsp;Liying He,&nbsp;Yunsheng Xu,&nbsp;Hsun-Ming Chang,&nbsp;Haiyan Yang,&nbsp;Guiquan Wang,&nbsp;Liangshan Mu","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whether diverse metabolic statuses within a similar body mass index (BMI) category associate with different in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cohort study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wenzhou, Zhengjiang Province, China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Population</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study prescreened 16 458 women who underwent their first IVF and fresh embryo transfer cycle between January 2010 and December 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metabolic status was assessed using the National Cholesterol Education Program–Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Patients were then categorized into six groups: metabolically healthy normal weight, metabolically unhealthy normal weight, metabolically healthy overweight, metabolically unhealthy overweight, metabolically healthy obese, and metabolically unhealthy obese.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Outcome Measures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary outcome was live birth rate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regarding live birth, rates in normal weight women were initially lower for metabolically unhealthy normal weight versus metabolically healthy normal weight (44.6% vs. 48.6%), but this was not significant after multivariate adjustment. In obese women, live birth rates were similar between metabolically unhealthy obese and metabolically healthy obese (41.5% vs. 43.9%), with no adjusted difference. For secondary outcomes, metabolically unhealthy normal weight patients had lower biochemical pregnancy rates than metabolically healthy normal weight (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.76–0.98); high blood pressure was a significant risk factor for this outcome in metabolically unhealthy normal weight (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72–0.98).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings indicated that different cardio-metabolic risk factors but a similar BMI category may have limited adverse effects on live birth rate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144758467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential of SARMs and Antimyostatin Agents in Addressing Lean Body Mass Loss From GLP-1 Agonists: A Literature Review","authors":"Jimmy Wen,&nbsp;Ubaid Ansari,&nbsp;Mouhamad Shehabat,&nbsp;Zaid Ansari,&nbsp;Burhaan Syed,&nbsp;Adam Razick,&nbsp;Daniel Razick,&nbsp;Muzammil Akhtar,&nbsp;Eldo Frezza","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have demonstrated substantial weight loss effects among patients with diabetes and obesity. However, given the rapid weight loss induced, there is concern about the total change in body composition, including lean body mass (LBM). Current literature on these effects contains significant heterogeneity, with some studies reporting a loss of 40%–60% of LBM and others reporting 15% or less. To combat this, selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) have become a popular candidate. Given their androgen receptor selectivity, SARMs have notable anabolic properties and proposed improved safety profiles over traditional anabolic compounds. Several of these agents, such as enobosarm, have been investigated in clinical trials involving older patient populations or patients with cachexia or sarcopenia secondary to chronic diseases. Furthermore, other agents to maintain or enhance LBM, such as antimyostatin agents, are also under investigation. Exploring this potential synergy could lead to better weight loss and body composition management in patients using GLP-1 RAs for diabetes or weight loss therapy. This review aims to evaluate the potential benefits and uses of SARMs in ameliorating the body composition changes induced by GLP-1 RAs. Other investigational agents to retain or increase muscle mass and the future possibilities of these drugs will be discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}