Journal of Diabetes最新文献

{"title":"Clinical characteristics, treatment, and treatment switch after molecular-genetic classification in individuals with maturity-onset diabetes of the young: Insights from the multicenter real-world DPV registry","authors":"Stefanie Lanzinger,&nbsp;Katharina Laubner,&nbsp;Katharina Warncke,&nbsp;Julia K. Mader,&nbsp;Sebastian Kummer,&nbsp;Claudia Boettcher,&nbsp;Torben Biester,&nbsp;Angela Galler,&nbsp;Daniela Klose,&nbsp;Reinhard W. Holl","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) are often misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes and receive inappropriate care. We aimed to investigate the characteristics and treatment of all MODY types in a multicenter, real-world setting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with MODY from the diabetes prospective follow-up (DPV) registry were studied. We compared clinical parameters during the first year of diabetes and the most recent treatment year after MODY diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 1640 individuals were identified with <i>GCK</i>-MODY (<i>n</i> = 941) and <i>HNF1A</i>-MODY (<i>n</i> = 417) as the most frequent types. Among these, 912 individuals were available with information during the first and the most recent treatment year (median duration of follow-up: 4.2 years [2.6–6.6]). Positive beta cell autoantibodies were present in 20.6% (15.2% IAA). Median age at diagnosis ranged from 9.9 years in <i>GCK</i>-MODY (Q1–Q3: 6.2–13.1 years) and <i>INS</i>-MODY (2.7–13.7 years) to 14.3 years (5.0–17.1) in <i>KCNJ11</i>-MODY. Frequency of oral antidiabetic agents (OAD) use increased and insulin decreased in <i>HNF4A</i>-MODY (OAD: 18% to 39%, insulin: 34% to 23%) and in <i>HNF1A</i>-MODY (OAD: 18% to 31%, insulin: 35% to 25%). <i>ABCC8</i>-MODY was characterized by a decrement in nonpharmacological treatment (26% to 16%) and “insulin only” treatment (53% to 42%), while the proportion of individuals treated with OAD but no insulin increased from 0% to 21%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicate that some teams caring for individuals with MODY are hesitant with regard to current recommendations. Registries are an essential source of information and provide a basis for discussing treatment guidelines for MODY.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"β-Cell gene expression stress signatures in types 1 and 2 diabetes","authors":"Xiaoyan Yi,&nbsp;Decio L. Eizirik","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70026","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.70026","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that occurs when pancreatic β-cells can no longer produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood glucose levels. DM presently affects 10.5% of the world adult population. While T1D is a disease of “mistaken identity,” where the immune system attacks and destroys pancreatic β-cells in the context of islet inflammation (insulitis),&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; T2D is associated with sedentary lifestyles and high-fat diets, typically involving ineffective use of insulin and progressive loss of β-cell function.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Both diseases result from multifaceted interactions between genetic and environmental factors, with β-cell failure as the core mechanism of pathogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In T1D, the disease arises from a complex interaction between immune cells and β-cells, involving chemokine and cytokine release and signals from stressed or dying β-cells that attract and activate immune cells to the islets and lead to β-cell apoptosis.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Beyond the destruction of β-cells by the immune system, it is now accepted that stress and impaired function of these cells significantly contribute to the onset and progression of the disease.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1-3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; In T2D, the disease is driven by an interplay between insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction in genetically susceptible individuals, with metabolic stress and perhaps also inflammation impairing insulin secretion and eventually β-cell survival, although to a less degree than in T1D.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1, 4, 5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The complexity of diabetes pathogenesis makes it very difficult to identify specific causes of the disease, which hampers the development of adequate therapies to protect β-cells and thus prevent disease. This difficulty was well described by Tolstoy, in his masterpiece “War and Peace,” published 1869 (in this case addressing the Napoleonic war against tsarist Russia): “…the impulse to seek causes is innate in the soul of man. And the human intellect, with no inkling on the immense variety and complexity of circumstances conditioning a phenomena, any one of which may be separately conceived of as the cause of it, snatches the first and most easily understood approximation, and says here is the cause.” In the context of pathophysiology, this had led to the simplistic view of “one gene, one protein, one disease.” However, with the sequencing of the human genome and the subsequent advent of omics technologies that allow interrogating the whole system in a parallel and often also in a sequential way, our understanding of complex diseases changed: we now focus on the dysfunction of gene and transcription factor networks and of post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has provided a new tool for dissecting the molecular intricacies underlying pancreatic islet cells stress and thus addressing mechanisms of disease closer to its real ","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142589938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long noncoding RNAs and metabolic memory associated with continued progression of diabetic retinopathy.","authors":"Jay Kumar, Pooja Malaviya, Renu A Kowluru","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Progression of diabetic retinopathy resists arrest even after institution of intensive glycemic control, suggesting a \"metabolic memory\" phenomenon, but the mechanism responsible for this phenomenon is still elusive. Gene expression and biological processes can also be regulated by long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs), the RNAs with >200 nucleotides and no open reading frame for translation, and several LncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in diabetes. Our aim was to identify retinal LncRNAs that fail to reverse after termination of hyperglycemia. Microarray analysis was performed on retinal RNA from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats in poor glycemic control for 8 months, followed by in good glycemic control (blood glucose >400 mg/dL), or for 4 months, with four additional months of good glycemic control (blood glucose <150 mg/dL). Differentially expressed LncRNAs and mRNAs were identified through Volcano filtering, and their functions were predicted using gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses. Compared with age-matched normal rats, rats in continuous poor glycemic control had >1479 differentially expressed LncRNAs (710 downregulated, 769 upregulated), and among those, 511 common LncRNAs had similar expression in Diab and Rev groups (139 downregulated, 372 upregulated). Gene Ontology/pathway analysis identified limited LncRNAs in biological processes, but analysis based on biological processes/molecular function revealed >350 genes with similar expression in Diab and Rev groups; these genes were mainly associated with stress response, cell death, mitochondrial damage and cytokine production. Thus, identifying retinal LncRNAs and their gene targets that do not benefit from termination of hyperglycemia have potential to serve as therapeutic targets to slow down the progression of diabetic retinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 11","pages":"e70009"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcopenia","authors":"Zachary Bloomgarden","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70025","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.70025","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The term “sarcopenia” literally means “deficiency of flesh,” and is used to refer to lack of skeletal muscle. Numerous similar concepts in medicine describe the progressive loss, deficiency, atrophy, or wastage of muscle characteristic of many systemic illnesses and of aging itself. Depending on the definition used, sarcopenia affects large subsets of the population, in association with physical inactivity, cigarette smoking, and malnutrition but also paradoxically with obesity. Sarcopenia is seen with diabetes, pulmonary disease, heart disease, malignancy, and with psychiatric and neurologic illnesses including depression/anorexia and Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; In a study carried out nearly four decades ago, total appendicular skeletal muscle mass was found to decrease in a linear fashion with age both among men and women, regardless of race or ethnic group, showing positive correlation with body weight.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Sarcopenia can be assessed clinically with measures of strength such as the simple self-report of limitation of walking, which increases in prevalence with increasing age, to a greater extent in low- than in high-income countries, and which correlates strongly with all-cause mortality even after adjustment for age, sex, education, marital status, rural residence, and country income level, and additionally for hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, stroke, body mass index (BMI), smoking, physical activity, and depression.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; In a study analyzing mortality at &gt;12 year follow-up, those in the highest quintile of the fat-to-muscle mass ratio estimated using bioelectrical impedance among 337 951 UK Biobank participants had increased total and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, both among men and women.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clinical conditions associated with sarcopenia overlap with features of frailty such as slowing, falls, fatigue, and weight loss, which may represent disease prodromes,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; with a continuum from robustness, with stressors leading to temporary decline in functional capacity, to pre-frailty, with only incomplete recovery from stressors, to actual frailty with failure to recover from stressors eventuating in states of dependence and disability.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The biology of frailty involves a number of factors associated with sarcopenia, including states of dysregulated nutrient sensing, such as abnormalities of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and the nutrient scarcity sensors sirtuins 1 and 3, and hormonal changes associated with aging including decreased levels of the anabolic hormones dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor 1, and increased levels of catabolic hormones, particularly cortisol.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Insulin can best be seen in this context as an anabolic hormone invol","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of systolic blood pressure variability with cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes: A post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial","authors":"Junmin Chen,&nbsp;Xuan Zhao,&nbsp;Huidan Liu,&nbsp;Kan Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoli Xu,&nbsp;Siyu Wang,&nbsp;Mian Li,&nbsp;Ruizhi Zheng,&nbsp;Libin Zhou,&nbsp;Yufang Bi,&nbsp;Yu Xu","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70020","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to explore the association between visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure variability (BPV) and cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a post hoc analysis of the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Memory in Diabetes (ACCORD-MIND) substudy. A total of 2867 diabetes patients with ≥3 BP measurements between the 4- and 20-month visits were included. Visit-to-visit systolic BPV was calculated. Cognitive decline was defined as a Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), or Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) score greater than 1 standard deviation (SD) below the baseline mean, or a Stroop test score more than 1 SD above the baseline mean. The associations of systolic BPV with risks of cognitive decline were examined using Cox proportional hazards models, and with changes in brain magnetic resonance imaging parameters were evaluated using mixed models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The risk of cognitive decline defined by the DSST score (but not by other scores) increased significantly with systolic BPV quartiles (<i>p</i> for trend = 0.008), and there was a 55% increased risk for BPV quartile 4 versus quartile 1 (hazard ratio = 1.55, 95% confidence interval 1.10–2.19). Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between systolic BPV and change in white matter lesion volume (<i>β</i> = 0.07, 95% CI 0.01–0.13).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A greater visit-to-visit systolic BPV was significantly associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline measured by DSST and an increase in white matter lesion volume in patients with type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stratum corneum hydration levels are negatively correlated with HbA1c levels in the elderly Chinese","authors":"Qingsong Lai,&nbsp;Xiaohua Wang,&nbsp;Zebin Lai,&nbsp;Yulin Lai,&nbsp;Li Ye,&nbsp;Sha Liu,&nbsp;Bin Yang,&nbsp;Mao-Qiang Man","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70022","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Highlights</b></p>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between glucose patterns in OGTT and adverse pregnancy outcomes in twin pregnancies","authors":"Wei-Zhen Tang,&nbsp;Qin-Yu Cai,&nbsp;Yi-Fan Zhao,&nbsp;Hao-wen Chen,&nbsp;Xia Lan,&nbsp;Xia Li,&nbsp;Li Wen,&nbsp;Ying-Xiong Wang,&nbsp;Tai-Hang Liu,&nbsp;Lan Wang","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70016","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Traditional fixed thresholds for oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results may inadequately prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes in twin pregnancies. This study explores latent OGTT patterns and their association with adverse outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study retrospectively analyzed 2644 twin pregnancies using latent mixture models to identify glucose level patterns (high, HG; medium, MG; and low, LG) and their relationship with maternal/neonatal characteristics, gestational age at delivery, and adverse outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three distinct glucose patterns, HG, MG, and LG patterns were identified. Among the participants, 16.3% were categorized in the HG pattern. After adjustment, compared with the LG pattern, the HG pattern was associated with a 1.79-fold, 1.66-fold, and 1.32-fold increased risk of stillbirth, neonatal respiratory distress, and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, respectively. The risk of neonatal ICU admission for MG and HG patterns increased by 1.22 times and 1.32 times, respectively, compared with the LG pattern. As gestational weeks increase, although there is an overlap in the confidence intervals between the HG pattern and other patterns in the restricted cubic splines analysis, the trend suggests that pregnant women with the HG pattern are more likely to face risks of their newborns requiring neonatal intensive care unit admission, and adverse comprehensive outcomes, compared with other patterns. In addition, with age and body mass index increasing in HG mode, gestation weeks at delivery tend to be later than in other modes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Distinct OGTT glucose patterns in twin pregnancies correlate with different risks of adverse perinatal outcomes. The HG pattern warrants closer glucose monitoring and targeted intervention.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and lipids related to blood glucose control and type 1 diabetes","authors":"Zhaohe Gu,&nbsp;Lanxin Pan,&nbsp;Huiling Tan,&nbsp;Xulin Wang,&nbsp;Jing Wang,&nbsp;Xueying Zheng,&nbsp;Jianping Weng,&nbsp;Sihui Luo,&nbsp;Tong Yue,&nbsp;Yu Ding","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70021","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The composition and function of gut microbiota, lipids, and metabolites in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or its association with glycemic control remains unknown. We aimed to use multi-omics sequencing technology and machine learning (ML) approaches to investigate potential function and relationships among the gut microbiota, lipids, and metabolites in T1D patients at varied glycemic levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a multi-omics analysis of the gut microbiome from fecal samples, metabolites, and lipids obtained from serum samples, collected from a cohort of 72 T1D patients. The patients were divided into two groups based on their hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. 16S rRNA sequencing, and metabolomics methods were applied to analyze changes in composition and function of gut microbiota, metabolites, and lipids.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The linear discriminant analysis, Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) algorithm, and ML algorithms revealed the enrichment of <i>Bacteroides_nordii, Bacteroides_cellulosilyticus</i> in the glycemic control (GC) group, while <i>Bacteroides_coprocola</i> and <i>Sutterella_wadsworthensis</i> were enriched in the poor glycemic control (PGC) group. Several metabolic enrichment sets like fatty acid biosynthesis and glycerol phosphate shuttle metabolism were different between two groups. <i>Bacteroides_nordii</i> exhibited a negative association with D-fructose, a component involved in the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway, as well as with monoglycerides (16:0) involved in the glycerolipid metabolism pathway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified distinct characteristics of gut microbiota, metabolites, and lipids in T1D patients exhibiting different levels of glycemic control. Through comprehensive analysis, microbiota (<i>Bacteroides_nordii</i>, <i>Bacteroides_coprocola</i>), metabolites (D-fructose), and lipids (Monoglycerides) may serve as potential mediators that communicated the interaction between the gut, circulatory systems, and glucose fluctuations in T1D patients.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming induced by ischemia–reperfusion injury in diabetic myocardium","authors":"Haping Ma,&nbsp;Jiyao Zhao,&nbsp;Yan Zheng,&nbsp;Junjie Wang,&nbsp;Yultuz Anwar,&nbsp;Yuxuan He,&nbsp;Jiang Wang","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.70018","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study aimed to explore metabolic reprogramming in diabetic myocardium subjected to ischemia–reperfusion injury (I/RI) and potential mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Increased vulnerability after I/RI in diabetic myocardium is a major cause of the high prevalence of perioperative adverse cardiac events, and the specific alterations in energy metabolism after I/RI in diabetic myocardium and the impact on increased vulnerability are not fully understood.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Metabolomic methods were used to explore the differences and characteristics of metabolites in the heart tissues of four groups, and then, single-cell RNA sequencing (ScRNA-seq) was used to explore the potential mechanism of metabolic reprogramming.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;It was found that the fatty acid metabolism of db/db mouse I/RI (DMI) showed a significant upward trend, especially the metabolites of ultra-long and medium-long-chain fatty acids; the metabolic flow analysis found that the U-13C glucose M + 6 was significantly higher in the C57BL mouse sham operation (NM) group than in the db/db mouse sham operation (DM) group, and in the C57BL mouse I/RI (NMI) than in the DMI group. Compared with the NMI group, the intermediate metabolites of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle were significantly reduced in the DMI group; all comparisons were statistically significant (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), indicating that the glucose uptake of diabetic myocardetis, the ability of glucose glycolysis after I/RI, and the contribution of glucose to TCA were significantly reduced. The results of ScRNA-seq revealed that the number of Cluster 0 myocardial isoforms was significantly increased in diabetic myocardium, and the differential genes were mainly enriched in fatty acid metabolism, and the PPARA signaling pathway was found to be over-activated and involved in the regulation of metabolic reprogramming of diabetic myocardial I/RI.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Metabolic reprogramming of diabetic myocardial I/RI may be the main cause of increased myocardial vulnerability. The number of myocardial subtype Cluster 0 increased significantly, and PPARA PPARA is a ligand-activated receptor of the nuclear hormone receptor family that plays a central regulatory role in lipid metabolism. signaling pathway activation may be a potential mechanism for reprogrammi","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthy sleep score, acute myocardial infarction, and type 2 diabetes","authors":"Tomoyuki Kawada","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.70019","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Du et al.<span>¹</span> conducted a prospective study to investigate the effect of healthy sleep pattern on subsequent mortality risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in people with diabetes. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of healthy sleep score for AMI mortality was 0.87 (0.77–0.98). Especially, adequate sleep duration reduced 29% risk of AMI mortality. They finally mentioned that types of diabetes should be stratified for the analysis, and I think that interactions of diabetes on the inverse association between healthy sleep score and AMI mortality may be existed. In their Figure 1, there is a wide range of HR for the risk of AMI mortality in lower healthy sleep score, which did not reach a significant level. There is a possibility that people with lower healthy sleep score would have several cardiometabolic risk factors, and contribution rate of sleep variables to the risk of AMI would become smaller. I speculate that irregular sleep pattern in daily life reflects one of the unhealthy lifestyles, and it would contribute to diabetes and AMI risk. I present recent reports on the association between irregular sleep and subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) or cardiometabolic disorder.</p><p>Zuraikat et al.<span>²</span> defined irregular sleep pattern as the standard deviation of each sleep parameter, and it was closely related to the increased risk of T2D and cardiometabolic risk. Although causal association cannot be determined, irregular sleep pattern may contribute to the risk of several metabolic disorders.</p><p>Liu et al.<span>³</span> conducted a meta-analysis on the relationship between daytime napping and incident diabetes, and longer period of napping should be avoided to reduce a risk of diabetes. I suppose that long napping would affect nighttime sleep depth and duration, which may also relate to irregular sleep pattern.</p><p>Zhang and Qin<span>⁴</span> reported the potential mechanisms regarding the effect of irregular sleep pattern on subsequent cardiometabolic risk, including circadian dysfunction, inflammation, autonomic dysfunction, endocrinological disorder, and gut dysbiosis. Glucose metabolism may be affected by unstable sleep–wake cycle and their duration, which would be closely related to the level of physical activity and nutritional intake.</p><p>Finally, Zhu et al.<span>⁵</span> reviewed and concluded that sleep variability was significantly associated with weight gain and increased hemoglobin A1c, although decreased insulin sensitivity was not consistent findings in several studies.</p><p>There is no financial support for this study.</p><p>The author declares that he has no competing interests. No ethical statement is needed for this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}