Journal of Diabetes最新文献

{"title":"Financial conflicts of interest among authors of clinical practice guidelines for diabetes mellitus in Japan","authors":"Anju Murayama","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13533","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) serve as pivotal frameworks for standardizing evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, particularly in the management of diabetes and beyond.<span><sup>1, 2</sup></span> However, the integrity of these guidelines can be compromised by conflicts of interest (COIs).<span><sup>3-5</sup></span> Given that current increasing attention from pharmaceutical companies to diabetologists<span><sup>6, 7</sup></span> and large prevalence of diabetes and obesity, proper management of financial COIs is essential for trustworthy diabetes CPGs.<span><sup>1</sup></span> Despite the critical nature of this issue, no research has investigated these financial relationships in the Japanese context.</p><p>Using a publicly accessible database (https://yenfordocs.jp/) containing personal payments for lecturing, consulting, and manuscript drafting from all pharmaceutical companies affiliated with the Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, this study examined personal payments made to all authors for Japanese Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes 2019 (JCPGD) developed by the Japan Diabetes Society in 2019.<span><sup>8</sup></span> Descriptive analysis was performed on the payment data extracted from the database between 2016 and 2020.</p><p>Among all 135 JCPGD authors, 129 (95.6%) received at least one personal payment for lecturing, consulting, and manuscript drafting from the pharmaceutical companies over the 5 years (Table 1). A total of 19 755 payments, amounting to $23 130 423, were made to the JCPGD authors by the pharmaceutical companies. The median payments per author were $89 955 (interquartile range: $7954–$258 527). More than 74.1% (100 authors), 60.7% (82 authors), and 47.4% (64 authors) received more than $10 000, $50 000, and $100 000 in total payments over the 5 years, respectively. The JCPGD chairperson received $207 889 before the JCPGD publication (2016–2018).</p><p>Of 135 authors, 80 (59.3%) self-declared financial COIs with companies between 2016 and 2018. However, the Japan Diabetes Society allowed the CPG authors to omit declaring financial COIs below a certain monetary threshold (eg, 500 000 Japanese yen, equivalent to $4683, or more per year per company for lecturing, honoraria, and drafting compensations). Consequently, 55 (40.7%) authors declared no COIs between 2016 and 2018, although 87.2% (48 out of 55) of these authors received at least some personal payments during the declaration period (2016–2018).</p><p>This study examined the size and prevalence of financial conflicts of interest among authors of the JCPGD 2019. Surprisingly, more than 95% of the JCPGD authors received more than $23.1 million in personal payments from pharmaceutical companies. Furthermore, the chairpersons received considerable amounts of personal payments during the guideline development period. The high percentage of JCPGD authors with financial COIs, the chairpersons' receipt of personal payments, and lim","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140544398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of healthy sleep pattern with lower risk of acute myocardial infarction mortality among people with diabetes: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Min Du,&nbsp;Min Liu,&nbsp;Jue Liu","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13528","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13528","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140544506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of obstructive sleep apnea symptoms with all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in adults with or without diabetes: A cohort study based on the NHANES","authors":"Qian Zhang,&nbsp;Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaomin Li,&nbsp;Gang Du,&nbsp;Xiaojin Feng,&nbsp;Runtao Ding,&nbsp;Yuhua Chi,&nbsp;Yongping Liu","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13538","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and mortality has not been extensively researched among individuals with varying diabetic status. This study aimed to compare the relationship of OSAS with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in US individuals with or without diabetes based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included participants from the NHANES 2005–2008 and 2015–2018 cycles with follow-up information. OSAS data (OSAS.MAP10) was estimated from the questionnaire. Hazard ratios (HRs) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) of OSAS for mortality were calculated by Cox regression analysis in populations with different diabetes status. The relationships between OSAS and mortality risk were examined using survival curves and restricted cubic spline curves.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 13 761 participants with 7.68 ± 0.042 follow-up years were included. In the nondiabetic group, OSAS.MAP10 was positively associated with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. In individuals with prediabetes, OSAS.MAP10 was positively related to all-cause mortality (HR 1.11 [95% CI: 1.03–1.20]) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.17 [95% CI: 1.03–1.33]). The relationship between OSAS.MAP10 and the risk of all-cause mortality and cancer mortality exhibited L-shaped curves in diabetes patients (both with nonlinear <i>p</i> values &lt;.01). Further threshold effect analysis revealed that OSAS was positively related to death risk when OSAS.MAP10 exceeded the threshold scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The relationship between OSAS and mortality differed among participants with or without diabetes. Individualized clinical treatment plans should be developed in clinical practice to reduce the risk of death for patients with different metabolic conditions.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13538","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140544374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Equil patch versus traditional catheter insulin pump in type 2 diabetes using continuous glucose monitoring metrics and profiles","authors":"Yu-Jiao Li,&nbsp;Zi-Yue Shao,&nbsp;Yun-Qing Zhu,&nbsp;Da-Shuang Chen,&nbsp;Jian Zhu","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13536","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is not clear whether there are differences in glycemic control between the Equil patch and the MMT-712 insulin pump. Our objective was to compare two types of insulin pumps in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics and profiles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a randomized case-crossover clinical trial. Participants were hospitalized and randomly allocated to two groups and underwent two types of insulin pump treatments (group A: Equil patch—Medtronic MMT-712 insulin pump; group B: Medtronic MMT-712—Equil patch insulin pump) separated by a 1-day washout period. Glycemic control was achieved after 7–8 days of insulin pump therapy. Each patient received CGM for 5 consecutive days (from day 1 to day 5). On day 3 of CGM performance, the Equil patch insulin pump treatment was switched to Medtronic MMT-712 insulin pump treatment at the same basal and bolus insulin doses or vice versa. CGM metrics and profiles including glycemic variability (GV), time in range (TIR, 3.9–10.0 mmol/L), time below range (TBR, &lt;3.9 mmol/L), time above range (TAR, &gt;10.0 mmol/L), and postprandial glucose excursions, as well as incidence of hypoglycemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-six T2DM patients completed the study. There was no significant difference in parameters of daily GV and postprandial glucose excursions between the Equil patch insulin pump treatment and the Medtronic insulin pump treatment. Similarly, there was no between-treatment difference in TIR, TBR, and TAR, as well as the incidence of hypoglycemia.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Equil patch insulin pump was similar to the traditional MMT-712 insulin pump in terms of glycemic control. Equil patch insulin pump is a reliable tool for glycemic management of diabetes mellitus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13536","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140544400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FSH regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion: A bell-shaped curve effect","authors":"Hong Zhu,&nbsp;Guolian Ding,&nbsp;Hefeng Huang","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13546","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a classical hormone derived from the pituitary, primarily affects the gonads and regulates the reproductive process.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; FSH consists of an α and a β subunit, with the β subunit specifically binding to its G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), FSHR.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The FSHR mediates the transduction of the FSH-induced signal. According to the recent work published in &lt;i&gt;Nature Communications&lt;/i&gt;, FSH, through its receptor, regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic islets, and high levels of FSH play important roles in postmenopausal diabetes in females.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An increasing body of evidence has demonstrated that FSH and its receptor FSHR also have extragonadal effects, including the regulation of fat accumulation, bone mass, and cognitive function.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4-7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; However, limited research has been focused on the effect of FSH on metabolism. The pancreas is an important endocrine organ in regulating glucose metabolism. First, the authors explored whether FSHR was expressed in pancreas. They identified the expression of FSHR in human pancreas, mouse pancreatic islets, and the mouse insulinoma cell line MIN6. The expression of FSHR in pancreatic islets strongly suggests an association between FSHR and the endocrine function. In order to explore the function of FSH and FSHR on pancreatic islets, the authors established a conventional Fshr&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;(knockout [KO]) mouse model. Blocking FSH signaling through Fshr KO resulted in impaired glucose tolerance. In this model, Fshr KO led to an increase in serum FSH levels as well as a decrease in serum estrogen levels. Females with Fshr KO administrated with estrogen also displayed impaired glucose tolerance. Furthermore, the authors generated a mouse model with specific deletion of Fshr in the pancreas (Fshr CKO), which showed no significant alterations in serum FSH and estrogen levels. Similarly, female Fshr CKO mice exhibited impaired glucose tolerance. The phenotype of glucose intolerance was also observed in male mice with Fshr KO and CKO male mice.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Glucose intolerance is primarily caused by impaired insulin secretion and action. The authors evaluated peripheral insulin action and found there was no significant insulin resistance in Fshr KO and CKO mice. However, decreased insulin secretion was observed in Fshr KO and CKO mice. In vitro, treatment of mouse pancreatic islets and MIN6 cells with FSH did not result in any significant changes in Ins1 and Ins2 mRNA levels or insulin content, suggesting that the effect of FSH on glucose tolerance was due to insulin secretion, not insulin synthesis. Interestingly, the authors discovered that FSH alone, in the absence of glucose, did not stimulate insulin secretion. FSH regulated GSIS in a bell curve manner. FSH promoted GSIS as FSH levels increased within the range of &lt;10 IU/L. However, the promoting effect on GSIS was in","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13546","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140544385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors vs dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and renal outcomes in people discharged from hospital with type 2 diabetes: A population-based cohort study","authors":"Kate E. D. Ziser,&nbsp;Stephen Wood,&nbsp;George S. Q. Tan,&nbsp;Jedidiah I. Morton,&nbsp;Jonathan E. Shaw,&nbsp;J. Simon Bell,&nbsp;Jenni Ilomaki","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13507","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigated the association between post-hospital discharge use of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) and the incidence of hospitalization for acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people with type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked hospital and prescription data. Our cohort included people aged ≥30 years with type 2 diabetes discharged from a hospital in Victoria, Australia, from December 2013 to June 2018. We compared new users of SGLT-2is with new users of DPP-4is following discharge. People were followed from first dispensing of a SGLT-2i or DPP-4i to a subsequent hospital admission for ARF or CKD. We used competing risk models with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to estimate subhazard ratios.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 9620 people initiated SGLT-2is and 9962 initiated DPP-4is. The incidence rate of ARF was 12.3 per 1000 person-years (median years of follow-up [interquartile range [IQR] 1.4 [0.7–2.2]) among SGLT-2i initiators and 18.9 per 1000 person-years (median years of follow-up [IQR] 1.7 [0.8–2.6]) among DPP-4i initiators (adjusted subhazard ratio with IPTW 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70–0.86). The incidence rate of CKD was 6.0 per 1000 person-years (median years of follow-up [IQR] 1.4 [0.7–2.2]) among SGLT-2i initiators and 8.9 per 1000 person-years (median years of follow-up [IQR] 1.7 [0.8–2.6]) among DPP-4i initiators (adjusted subhazard ratio with IPTW 0.83; 95% CI 0.73–0.94).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Real-world data support using SGLT-2is over DPP-4is for preventing acute and chronic renal events in people with type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13507","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140544505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kisspeptin a potential therapeutic target in treatment of both metabolic and reproductive dysfunction","authors":"Joanna Helena Sliwowska,&nbsp;Nicola Elizabeth Woods,&nbsp;Abdullah Rzgallah Alzahrani,&nbsp;Elpiniki Paspali,&nbsp;Rothwelle Joseph Tate,&nbsp;Valerie Anne Ferro","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13541","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Kisspeptins (KPs) are proteins that were first recognized to have antimetastatic action. Later, the critical role of this peptide in the regulation of reproduction was proved. In recent years, evidence has been accumulated supporting a role for KPs in regulating metabolic processes in a sexual dimorphic manner. It has been proposed that KPs regulate metabolism both indirectly via gonadal hormones and/or directly via the kisspeptin receptor in the brain, brown adipose tissue, and pancreas. The aim of the review is to provide both experimental and clinical evidence indicating that KPs are peptides linking metabolism and reproduction. We propose that KPs could be used as a potential target to treat both metabolic and reproductive abnormalities. Thus, we focus on the consequences of disruptions in KPs and their receptors in metabolic conditions such as diabetes, undernutrition, obesity, and reproductive disorders (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and polycystic ovary syndrome). Data from both animal models and human subjects indicate that alterations in KPs in the case of metabolic imbalance lead also to disruptions in reproductive functions. Changes both in the hypothalamic and peripheral KP systems in animal models of the aforementioned disorders are discussed. Finally, an overview of current clinical studies involving KP in fertility and metabolism show fewer studies on metabolism (15%) and only one to date on both. Presented data indicate a dynamic and emerging field of KP studies as possible therapeutic targets in treatments of both reproductive and metabolic dysfunctions.</p><p>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13541","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140544378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial and metabolomic profiles of type 1 diabetes with depression: A case–control study","authors":"Ziyu Liu,&nbsp;Tong Yue,&nbsp;Xueying Zheng,&nbsp;Sihui Luo,&nbsp;Wen Xu,&nbsp;Jinhua Yan,&nbsp;Jianping Weng,&nbsp;Daizhi Yang,&nbsp;Chaofan Wang","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13542","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Depression is the most common psychological disorder in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the characteristics of microbiota and metabolites in these patients remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate microbial and metabolomic profiles and identify novel biomarkers for T1D with depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A case–control study was conducted in a total of 37 T1D patients with depression (TD+), 35 T1D patients without depression (TD−), and 29 healthy controls (HCs). 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) metabolomics analysis were conducted to investigate the characteristics of microbiota and metabolites. The association between altered microbiota and metabolites was explored by Spearman's rank correlation and visualized by a heatmap. The microbial signatures to discriminate TD+ from TD− were identified by a random forest (RF) classifying model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In microbiota, 15 genera enriched in TD− and 2 genera enriched in TD+, and in metabolites, 14 differential metabolites (11 upregulated and 3 downregulated) in TD+ versus TD− were identified. Additionally, 5 genera (including <i>Phascolarctobacterium</i>, <i>Butyricimonas</i>, and <i>Alistipes</i> from altered microbiota) demonstrated good diagnostic power (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.58–0.87). In the correlation analysis, <i>Butyricimonas</i> was negatively correlated with glutaric acid (<i>r</i> = −0.28, <i>p</i> = 0.015) and malondialdehyde (<i>r</i> = −0.30, <i>p</i> = 0.012). Both <i>Phascolarctobacterium</i> (<i>r</i> = 0.27, <i>p</i> = 0.022) and <i>Alistipes</i> (<i>r</i> = 0.31, <i>p</i> = 0.009) were positively correlated with allopregnanolone.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>T1D patients with depression were characterized by unique profiles of gut microbiota and serum metabolites. <i>Phascolarctobacterium</i>, <i>Butyricimonas</i>, and <i>Alistipes</i> could predict the risk of T1D with depression. These findings provide further evidence that the microbiota–gut–brain axis is involved in T1D with depression.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13542","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140544383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased risk of cardiovascular and renal disease, and diabetes for all women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus in New Zealand—A national retrospective cohort study","authors":"Barbara M. Daly,&nbsp;Zhenqiang Wu,&nbsp;Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar,&nbsp;Lynne Chepulis,&nbsp;Janet A. Rowan,&nbsp;Robert K. R. Scragg","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13535","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gestational diabetes mellitus increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to compare cardiometabolic and renal outcomes for all women in New Zealand with gestational diabetes (2001–2010) with women without diabetes, 10–20 years following delivery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cohort study, utilizing a national dataset providing information for all women who gave birth between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2010 (<i>n</i> = 604 398). Adolescent girls &lt;15 years, women ≥50 years and women with prepregnancy diabetes were excluded. In total 11 459 women were diagnosed with gestational diabetes and 11 447 were matched (for age and year of delivery) with 57 235 unexposed (control) women. A national hospital dataset was used to compare primary outcomes until 31 May 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After controlling for ethnicity, women with gestational diabetes were significantly more likely than control women to develop diabetes—adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 20.06 and 95% confidence interval (CI) 18.46–21.79; a first cardiovascular event 2.19 (1.86–2.58); renal disease 6.34 (5.35–7.51) and all-cause mortality 1.55 (1.31–1.83), all <i>p</i> values &lt;.0001. The HR and 95% CI remained similar after controlling for significant covariates: diabetes 18.89 (17.36–20.56), cardiovascular events 1.79 (1.52–2.12), renal disease 5.42 (4.55–6.45), and all-cause mortality 1.44 (1.21–1.70). When time-dependent diabetes was added to the model, significance remained for cardiovascular events 1.33 (1.10–1.61), <i>p</i> = .003 and renal disease 2.33 (1.88–2.88), <i>p</i> &lt; .0001 but not all-cause mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes have an increased risk of adverse cardiometabolic and renal outcomes. Findings highlight the importance of follow-up screening for diabetes, cardiovascular risk factors, and renal disease.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13535","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140544399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent and interactive associations of heart rate and obesity with type 2 diabetes mellites: A population-based study","authors":"Tianxin Zhu,&nbsp;Qingyu Chen,&nbsp;Hongxing Chen,&nbsp;Lili You,&nbsp;Dan Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Zhang,&nbsp;Feng Li,&nbsp;Hongshi Wu,&nbsp;Juying Tang,&nbsp;Diaozhu Lin,&nbsp;Kan Sun,&nbsp;Li Yan,&nbsp;Meng Ren","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13529","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although obesity and heart rate (HR) were closely related to the prevalence and development of type 2 diabetes mllitus (T2DM), few studies have shown a co-association effect of them on T2DM. We aimed at assessing the interactive effects of HR and obesity with prevalence of T2DM in Chinese population, providing the exact cutpoint of the risk threshold for blood glucose with high HR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals: a lONgitudinal study (REACTION) cohorts (<i>N</i> = 8398), the relationship between HR and T2DM was explored by linear regression, logistic regression, and restricted cubic spline, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Interaction terms between HR and body mass index (BMI) and HR and waist circumference (WC) were introduced into the logistic regression model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In those with HR &gt; 88.0 beats/min, fasting plasma glucose and oral glucose tolerance tests were significantly correlated with HR, and the prevalence of T2DM was highly correlated with HR (all <i>p</i> &lt; .05). There were interactive associations of HR and obesity in patients with T2DM with HR &lt; 74 beats/min.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High HR was in interaction with obesity, associating with prevalence of T2DM. The newly subdivided risk threshold for HR with T2DM might be HR &gt; 88 beats/minute.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13529","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140544507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}