Journal of Diabetes最新文献

{"title":"Association between the skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2017–2018","authors":"Zhiliang Mai,&nbsp;Yinfei Chen,&nbsp;Hua Mao,&nbsp;Lisheng Wang","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13569","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.13569","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies have shown that sarcopenic obesity (SO) was associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, research is limited in the context of the NAFLD renamed as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) defined by updated diagnostic criteria. The aim of this study was to use the index skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio (SVR) to describe SO in a large and representative US population (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–2018) of adults and investigate their association with MASLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 2087 individuals were included in the analysis. SVR was calculated according to the measurement of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and MASLD was diagnosed with controlled attenuation parameter scores and cardiometabolic risk factors. SVR was divided into tertiles. Logistic regression adjusted for confounders was used to evaluate the association between SVR and MASLD. Several sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of our findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, a significant association between SVR and MASLD was shown (odds ratio [OR]: 3.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31–7.39, <i>p</i> = .010 for middle levels of SVR; OR: 3.82, 95% CI: 1.45–10.08, <i>p</i> = .007 for lowest levels of SVR). The sensitivity analyses confirmed that the association was robust.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings imply that decreased SVR is linked to MASLD.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13569","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140943472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes and gastric cancer incidence and mortality in the Asia Cohort Consortium: A pooled analysis of more than a half million participants","authors":"Katherine De la Torre,&nbsp;Minkyo Song,&nbsp;Sarah Krull Abe,&nbsp;Md. Shafiur Rahman,&nbsp;Md. Rashedul Islam,&nbsp;Eiko Saito,&nbsp;Sukhong Min,&nbsp;Dan Huang,&nbsp;Yu Chen,&nbsp;Prakash C. Gupta,&nbsp;Norie Sawada,&nbsp;Akiko Tamakoshi,&nbsp;Xiao-Ou Shu,&nbsp;Wanqing Wen,&nbsp;Ritsu Sakata,&nbsp;Jeongseon Kim,&nbsp;Chisato Nagata,&nbsp;Hidemi Ito,&nbsp;Sue K. Park,&nbsp;Myung-Hee Shin,&nbsp;Mangesh S. Pednekar,&nbsp;Shoichiro Tsugane,&nbsp;Takashi Kimura,&nbsp;Yu-Tang Gao,&nbsp;Hui Cai,&nbsp;Keiko Wada,&nbsp;Isao Oze,&nbsp;Aesun Shin,&nbsp;Yoon-Ok Ahn,&nbsp;Habibul Ahsan,&nbsp;Paolo Boffetta,&nbsp;Kee Seng Chia,&nbsp;Keitaro Matsuo,&nbsp;You-Lin Qiao,&nbsp;Nathaniel Rothman,&nbsp;Wei Zheng,&nbsp;Manami Inoue,&nbsp;Daehee Kang","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13561","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.13561","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evidence suggests a possible link between diabetes and gastric cancer risk, but the findings remain inconclusive, with limited studies in the Asian population. We aimed to assess the impact of diabetes and diabetes duration on the development of gastric cancer overall, by anatomical and histological subtypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A pooled analysis was conducted using 12 prospective studies included in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Among 558 981 participants (median age 52), after a median follow-up of 14.9 years and 10.5 years, 8556 incident primary gastric cancers and 8058 gastric cancer deaths occurred, respectively. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate study-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and pooled using random-effects meta-analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetes was associated with an increased incidence of overall gastric cancer (HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06–1.25). The risk association did not differ significantly by sex (women vs men: HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.07–1.60 vs 1.12, 1.01–1.23), anatomical subsites (noncardia vs cardia: 1.14, 1.02–1.28 vs 1.17, 0.77–1.78) and histological subtypes (intestinal vs diffuse: 1.22, 1.02–1.46 vs 1.00, 0.62–1.61). Gastric cancer risk increased significantly during the first decade following diabetes diagnosis (HR 4.70, 95% CI 3.77–5.86), and decreased with time (nonlinear <i>p</i> &lt; .01). Positive associations between diabetes and gastric cancer mortality were observed (HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.03–1.28) but attenuated after a 2-year time lag.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diabetes was associated with an increased gastric cancer incidence regardless of sex, anatomical subsite, or subtypes of gastric cancer. The risk of gastric cancer was particularly high during the first decade following diabetes diagnosis.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13561","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140943457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can type 1 diabetes be prevented or reversed?","authors":"Zachary Bloomgarden","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13572","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.13572","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The worldwide annual incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) among children and adolescents is approximately 200 000 persons, half age ≤15,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; with an additional 330 000 over age 20 developing T1D annually. The worldwide prevalence of T1D 8 760 000, more than 7 000 000 of whom are over age 20.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; We now recognize that there are a substantial number of persons without overt diabetes who may nevertheless be considered to have T1D: those with normal blood glucose but evidence of an autoimmune response to islet autoantigens, considered to have stage 1 T1D; those with abnormal blood glucose in the pre-diabetes range as well as islet autoantibodies, considered to have stage 2; those with clinical diabetes but still evidence of β-cell reserve, Stage 3; and those with established T1D and progressively declining β-cell reserve, stage 4.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Although we know of the existence of stages 1 and 2, it has not been easy to determine their prevalence. In a study of 153 854 youths age 2–10 in Bavaria, Germany, 153 313 screened negative for islet antibodies, of whom 18 developed T1D, 541 screened positive, of whom 447 had multiple autoantibodies; 293 were in stage 1, 61 of whom progressed to Stage 3, 30 were in stage 2, of whom 16 progressed to Stage 3, 14 were Stage 3, 83 declined staging, of whom 10 progressed to Stage 3. Thus, 0.35% of the screened children were antibody-positive, of whom 101 (less than 20%) developed T1D during the 2-3 year period of observation.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; As the short-term disease progression risk is low, prolonged observation of a relatively large number of persons from a relatively rare population will be required to fully characterize stages 1 and 2 of T1D; further, the approaches used in assessing potential treatment approaches are hampered by the poor reproducibility of the oral glucose tolerance test, by the effect of variable degrees of insulin sensitivity on insulin secretion and hence on C-peptide levels, and by the benefit of continuous glucose monitoring-guided closed-loop insulin pump systems in controlling glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and in minimizing hypoglycemia.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Most studies of the pathogenesis of T1D suggest that β-cell destruction is mediated by T lymphocytes, with the role of islet cell antibodies in the process uncertain. For those not having diabetes, the effects of autoreactive effector T cells are counterbalanced by regulatory T cells, only with those having an expanded or resistant population of effector T cells or impaired regulatory T cells going on to develop T1D.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A number of randomized controlled trials have been carried out to assess potential approaches to T1D prevention in stages 1 and 2; one of two diet-based interventions with avoidance of cow's milk suggested benefit, one trial was negative with avoidance of gluten exposure, two were negative with administration of nic","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13572","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140915311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between multiple trajectories of macronutrient intake and the risk of new-onset diabetes in Chinese adults","authors":"Sizhe Wang,&nbsp;Guo Ruirui,&nbsp;Xiaotong Li,&nbsp;Fengdan Wang,&nbsp;Zibo Wu,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Yibo Dong,&nbsp;Bo Li","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13555","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1753-0407.13555","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The association between macronutrient intake and diabetes is unclear. We used data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey to explore the association between macronutrient intake trajectories and diabetes risk in this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 6755 participants who did not have diabetes at baseline and participated in at least three surveys. The energy supply ratio of carbohydrate, protein, and fat was further calculated from dietary data; different macronutrient trajectories were determined using multitrajectory models; and multiple Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association between these trajectories and diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found three multitrajectories: decreased low carbohydrate-increased moderate protein-increased high fat (DLC-IMP-IHF), decreased high carbohydrate-moderate protein-increased low fat (DHC-MP-ILF), and balanced-macronutrients (BM). Compared to the BM trajectory, DHC-MP-ILF trajectories were significantly associated with increased risk of diabetes (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.228, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.571–6.632), whereas no association between DLC-IMP-IHF trajectories and diabetes was found in our study (HR: 0.699, 95% CI: 0.351–1.392).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The downward trend of high carbohydrate and the increasing trend of low fat increased the risk of diabetes in Chinese adults.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13555","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140890745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antenatal oral glucose tolerance test abnormalities in the prediction of future risk of postpartum diabetes in women with gestational diabetes: Results from the LIVING study","authors":"Yashdeep Gupta,&nbsp;Deksha Kapoor,&nbsp;Josyula K. Lakshmi,&nbsp;Devarsetty Praveen,&nbsp;Joseph Alvin Santos,&nbsp;Laurent Billot,&nbsp;Aliya Naheed,&nbsp;H. Asita de Silva,&nbsp;Ishita Gupta,&nbsp;Noshin Farzana,&nbsp;Renu John,&nbsp;Saumiyah Ajanthan,&nbsp;Neerja Bhatla,&nbsp;Ankush Desai,&nbsp;Arunasalam Pathmeswaran,&nbsp;Dorairaj Prabhakaran,&nbsp;Helena Teede,&nbsp;Sophia Zoungas,&nbsp;Anushka Patel,&nbsp;Nikhil Tandon","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13559","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore associations between type and number of abnormal glucose values on antenatal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with postpartum diabetes in South Asian women diagnosed with gestational diabetes (GDM) using International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This post-hoc evaluation of the Lifestyle Intervention IN Gestational Diabetes (LIVING) study, a randomized controlled trial, was conducted among women with GDM in the index pregnancy, across 19 centers in Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka. Postpartum diabetes (outcome) was defined on OGTT, using American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We report data on 1468 women with GDM, aged 30.9 (5.0) years, and with median (interquartile range) follow-up period of 1.8 (1.4–2.4) years after childbirth following the index pregnancy. We found diabetes in 213 (14.5%) women with an incidence of 8.7 (7.6–10.0)/100 women-years. The lowest incidence rate was 3.8/100 women years, in those with an isolated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) abnormality, and highest was 19.0/100 women years in participants with three abnormal values. The adjusted hazard ratios for two and three abnormal values compared to one abnormal value were 1.73 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18–2.54; <i>p</i> = .005) and 3.56 (95% CI, 2.46–5.16; <i>p</i> &lt; .001) respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio for the combined (combination of fasting and postglucose load) abnormalities was 2.61 (95% CI, 1.70–4.00; <i>p</i> &lt; .001), compared to isolated abnormal FPG.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Risk of diabetes varied significantly depending upon the type and number of abnormal values on antenatal OGTT. These data may inform future precision medicine approaches such as risk prediction models in identifying women at higher risk and may guide future targeted interventions.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13559","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clustering of health behaviors and their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors among adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes in India: A latent class analysis","authors":"Gabrielli T. de Mello,&nbsp;Sathish Thirunavukkarasu,&nbsp;Panniyammakal Jeemon,&nbsp;Kavumpurathu R. Thankappan,&nbsp;Brian Oldenburg,&nbsp;Yingting Cao","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13550","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to identify clusters of health behaviors and study their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors in adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes in India.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline data from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program (<i>n</i> = 1000; age 30–60 years) were used for this study. Information on physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, fruit and vegetable intake, sleep, and alcohol and tobacco use was collected using questionnaires. Blood pressure, waist circumference, 2-h plasma glucose, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured using standardized protocols. Latent class analysis was used to identify clusters of health behaviors, and multilevel mixed-effects linear regression was employed to examine their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two classes were identified, with 87.4% of participants in class 1 and 12.6% in class 2. Participants in both classes had a high probability of not engaging in leisure-time PA (0.80 for class 1; 0.73 for class 2) and consuming &lt;5 servings of fruit and vegetables per day (0.70 for class 1; 0.63 for class 2). However, participants in class 1 had a lower probability of sitting for &gt;=3 h per day (0.26 vs 0.42), tobacco use (0.10 vs 0.75), and alcohol use (0.08 vs 1.00) compared to those in class 2. Class 1 had a significantly lower mean systolic blood pressure (<i>β</i> = −3.70 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval [CI] −7.05, −0.36), diastolic blood pressure (<i>β</i> = −2.45 mm Hg, 95% CI −4.74, −0.16), and triglycerides (<i>β</i> = −0.81 mg/dL, 95% CI −0.75, −0.89).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Implementing intervention strategies, tailored to cluster-specific health behaviors, is required for the effective prevention of cardiometabolic disorders among high-risk adults for type 2 diabetes.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13550","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical investigation of glucokinase activators for the restoration of glucose homeostasis in diabetes","authors":"Ping Li,&nbsp;Dalong Zhu","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13544","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As a sensor, glucokinase (GK) controls glucose homeostasis, which progressively declines in patients with diabetes. GK maintains the equilibrium of glucose levels and regulates the homeostatic system set points. Endocrine and hepatic cells can both respond to glucose cooperatively when GK is activated. GK has been under study as a therapeutic target for decades due to the possibility that cellular GK expression and function can be recovered, hence restoring glucose homeostasis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Five therapeutic compounds targeting GK are being investigated globally at the moment. They all have distinctive molecular structures and have been clinically shown to have strong antihyperglycemia effects. The mechanics, classification, and clinical development of GK activators are illustrated in this review. With the recent approval and marketing of the first GK activator (GKA), dorzagliatin, GKA's critical role in treating glucose homeostasis disorder and its long-term benefits in diabetes will eventually become clear.</p><p>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13544","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140648092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acellular fish skin grafts in the treatment of diabetic wounds: Advantages and clinical translation","authors":"Chenyu Zhao,&nbsp;Mengyi Feng,&nbsp;Martin Gluchman,&nbsp;Xianghe Ma,&nbsp;Jinhao Li,&nbsp;Hui Wang","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13554","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diabetic wounds cannot undergo normal wound healing due to changes in the concentration of hyperglycemia in the body and soon evolve into chronic wounds causing amputation or even death of patients. Diabetic wounds directly affect the quality of patients and social medical management; thus researchers started to focus on skin transplantation technology. The acellular fish skin grafts (AFSGs) are derived from wild fish, which avoids the influence of human immune function and the spread of the virus through low-cost decellularization. AFSGs contain a large amount of collagen and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and they have an amazing effect on wound regeneration. However, after our search in major databases, we found that there were few research trials in this field, and only one was clinically approved. Therefore, we summarized the advantages of AFSGs and listed the problems faced in clinical use. The purpose of this paper is to enable researchers to better carry out original experiments at various stages.</p><p>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13554","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140648175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents: A 50-year, single-center experience","authors":"Nurgun Kandemir,&nbsp;Dogus Vuralli,&nbsp;Alev Ozon,&nbsp;Nazlı Gonc,&nbsp;Didem Ardicli,&nbsp;Lala Jalilova,&nbsp;Omer Nazim Gulcek,&nbsp;Ayfer Alikasifoglu","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13562","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global variations in epidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) exist. This study is designed to examine demographic and clinical features of T1DM over the past 3 decades as well as evolving trends in epidemiology over last 50 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical characteristics of 925 patients with T1DM over last 30 years (1990–2019) were evaluated and compared to previously published data of 477 patients diagnosed between 1969 and 1990 from one of the major referral centers for diabetes in Turkey.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mean age at diagnosis decreased from 9.5 ± 4.0 to 7.1 ± 3.6 years within the past 50 years (<i>p</i> &lt; .001). Age at diagnosis peaked at 12–14 years between 1969 and 1990, then fell to 10–11.9 years between 1990 and 1999, and to 4–5.9 years between 2000–2009 and 2010–2019 (<i>p</i> = .005). Although the percentage of patients diagnosed &lt;6 years of age is gradually increasing, the percentage between the ages of 6 and 11.9 years is decreasing, and the percentage diagnosed ≥12 years remained stable. A total of 47.5% of patients had ketoacidosis, 38.2% had ketosis, and 14.3% had only hyperglycemia. 23% of patients had severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), whereas 42% had moderate. Over last 3 decades, there has been no change in frequency of ketoacidosis at presentation, but there has been significant decline in severity (<i>p</i> = .865, and <i>p</i> &lt; .001, respectively). Although the frequency of patients with mild DKA increased over time, frequency of patients with moderate DKA decreased; however, no significant difference was observed among patients with severe ketoacidosis. DKA was more frequent and severe in patients &lt;6 years of age (<i>p</i> = .005, and <i>p</i> &lt; .001, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Age at diagnosis shifted to younger ages in T1DM in the past 50 years. Half of patients had ketoacidosis at diagnosis and frequency of presentation with DKA did not decrease, but severity decreased slightly. Increase in prevalence of T1DM in the younger age group and the fact that half of patients present with DKA indicate that awareness should be increased in terms of early diagnosis and treatment.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140648236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamma-glutamyl transferase and the risk of all-cause and disease-specific mortality in patients with diabetes: A nationwide cohort study","authors":"Goh Eun Chung,&nbsp;Su-Min Jeong,&nbsp;Su Jong Yu,&nbsp;Jeong-Ju Yoo,&nbsp;Yuri Cho,&nbsp;Kyu-na Lee,&nbsp;Dong Wook Shin,&nbsp;Yoon Jun Kim,&nbsp;Jung-Hwan Yoon,&nbsp;Kyungdo Han,&nbsp;Eun Ju Cho","doi":"10.1111/1753-0407.13551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13551","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There exists a paucity of data regarding whether gamma-glutamyl transferase is associated with disease-specific mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to investigate the association of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels with all-cause and disease-specific mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus using a Korean nationwide health-screening database.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 9 687 066 patients without viral hepatitis or liver cirrhosis who underwent health examination in 2009 were included. These patients were divided into four groups according to sex-specific quartiles of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During a median follow-up period of 8.1 years, 222 242 deaths were identified. The all-cause mortality rate increased as the serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels became higher (highest quartile vs lowest quartile: hazard ratio [HR], 1.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55–1.59; <i>p</i> for trend &lt;.001). Similar trends were observed for cardiovascular disease (HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.53–1.62), ischemic heart disease (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.33–1.48), and stroke (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.60–1.85) in the highest quartile, as compared with the lowest quartile (<i>p</i> for trend &lt;.001). As the gamma-glutamyl transferase quartiles became higher, mortality rates related to cancer (HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.52–1.60), liver disease (HR, 9.42; 95% CI, 8.81–10.07), respiratory disease (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.49–1.62), and infectious disease (HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.59–1.87) also increased in the highest quartile, compared with the lowest quartile (<i>p</i> for trend &lt;.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels may be useful for the risk assessment of all-cause and disease-specific mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1753-0407.13551","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140648237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}