A Comprehensive Review of Novel Advances in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

IF 3.7 2区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Yazdan Ebrahimpour, Sahbasadat Khatami, Mahsa Saffar, Alireza Fereidouni, Zahra Biniaz, Nafiseh Erfanian, Mohammad Fereidouni
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Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disorder where the immune system targets and destroys insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreas. It generally emerges during childhood or adolescence, but individuals of any age can be affected. In contrast to Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) which is often associated with lifestyle factors, T1DM cannot be prevented and necessitates lifelong management. Currently, there is no definitive cure for T1DM, and patients rely on continuous insulin injections for their entire lives. Ongoing developments in insulin treatment, such as insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitoring, and hybrid closed-loop systems, offer promising alternatives. Despite advancements in intensive glycemic control that have reduced the occurrence of microvascular and macrovascular complications, a significant number of T1DM patients still these issues. Extensive research efforts are crucial to achieve early detection, prevent the loss of β-cells, and devise improved treatment strategies to enhance the quality of life and prognosis for those affected. This review explores the most noteworthy and recent advancements in the field of T1DM.

Abstract Image

1型糖尿病新进展综述
1型糖尿病(T1DM)是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,免疫系统靶向并破坏胰腺中产生胰岛素的β细胞。它通常出现在儿童或青少年时期,但任何年龄的人都可能受到影响。与通常与生活方式因素相关的2型糖尿病(T2DM)不同,1型糖尿病无法预防,需要终生管理。目前,T1DM还没有明确的治疗方法,患者一生都依赖于持续注射胰岛素。胰岛素治疗的持续发展,如胰岛素泵、连续血糖监测和混合闭环系统,提供了有希望的替代方案。尽管强化血糖控制技术的进步减少了微血管和大血管并发症的发生,但仍有相当数量的T1DM患者存在这些问题。广泛的研究工作对于实现早期发现,防止β细胞丢失,设计改进的治疗策略以提高患者的生活质量和预后至关重要。本文综述了T1DM领域最值得关注的最新进展。
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来源期刊
Journal of Diabetes
Journal of Diabetes ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
2.20%
发文量
94
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Diabetes (JDB) devotes itself to diabetes research, therapeutics, and education. It aims to involve researchers and practitioners in a dialogue between East and West via all aspects of epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, management, complications and prevention of diabetes, including the molecular, biochemical, and physiological aspects of diabetes. The Editorial team is international with a unique mix of Asian and Western participation. The Editors welcome submissions in form of original research articles, images, novel case reports and correspondence, and will solicit reviews, point-counterpoint, commentaries, editorials, news highlights, and educational content.
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