No Evidence of Metabolomic Disruptions From Real-World Intakes of Aspartame or Saccharin: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study

IF 3.7 2区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Brian T. Steffen, Elizabeth R. Lusczek, David R. Jacobs Jr, Chi Chen, Venkatesh L. Murthy, Linda Van Horn, James G. Terry, John Jeffrey Carr, Lyn M. Steffen
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Abstract

Background

Artificial sweeteners have become ubiquitous additives in the food supply, and yet the safety of their regular consumption remains controversial. The present study examined whether intakes of aspartame or saccharin are related to aberrations in the plasma metabolome indicating disruptions in metabolism.

Methods

A cohort of 2160 male and female participants, mean age 32.1 years, was included in the analysis. Liquid chromatography and mass-spectrometry assessed 549 unique plasma metabolites. Diet was assessed using a validated questionnaire that allowed for estimation of aspartame and saccharin intakes. A generalized linear regression model evaluated associations of saccharin or aspartame intake with plasma metabolites with adjustment for potential confounders and multiple comparisons. Multiple sensitivity analyses and propensity score matching were conducted.

Results

Heavy aspartame intake (≥ 5 servings/day) was associated with plasma levels (per SD) of saccharin (β = 0.90; q = 9.0E-36), myo-inositol (β = 0.27; q = 3.7E-04), caffeine (β = 0.31; q = 4.1E-04), and five metabolites of caffeine including 1,7-dimethyluric acid (β = 0.37; q = 7.1E-06), 1-methylurate (β = 0.36; q = 7.1E-06), 5-acetylamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil (β = 0.38; q = 3.2E-6), theophylline (β = 0.36; q = 9.1E-06), and 1-methylxanthine (β = 0.32; q = 2.0E-03). Saccharin intake was associated with plasma levels of saccharin alone (β = 0.29; q = 1.8E-10). No associations with sugars, carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, or other metabolites that would suggest metabolic perturbations were observed with either artificial sweetener; sensitivity analyses supported these findings.

Conclusions

In the largest metabolomics study to date, no link was found between metabolic disruptions and either aspartame or saccharin intake. We cannot exclude the possibility that more extreme intakes may be related to metabolic disruptions among consumers of artificial sweeteners.

Abstract Image

没有证据表明实际摄入阿斯巴甜或糖精会导致代谢组学紊乱:年轻人冠状动脉风险发展研究
人工甜味剂已成为食品供应中无处不在的添加剂,但其定期食用的安全性仍存在争议。本研究考察了摄入阿斯巴甜或糖精是否与血浆代谢组紊乱有关,表明代谢紊乱。方法选取2160名平均年龄32.1岁的男性和女性为研究对象。液相色谱和质谱分析评估了549种独特的血浆代谢物。饮食评估使用有效的问卷,允许估计阿斯巴甜和糖精的摄入量。一个广义线性回归模型评估了糖精或阿斯巴甜摄入与血浆代谢物的关系,并对潜在混杂因素和多重比较进行了调整。进行了多重敏感性分析和倾向评分匹配。结果大量摄入阿斯巴甜(≥5份/天)与血浆糖精水平(每SD)相关(β = 0.90;q = 9.0E-36),肌醇(β = 0.27;q = 3.70 e -04),咖啡因(β = 0.31;q = 4.1E-04),咖啡因的5种代谢物包括1,7-二甲基尿酸(β = 0.37;q = 7.1E-06), 1-甲基尿酸(β = 0.36;q = 7.1 e-06), 5-acetylamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil(β= 0.38;q = 3.2E-6),茶碱(β = 0.36;q = 9.1E-06), 1-甲基黄嘌呤(β = 0.32;q = 2.05 -03)。糖精摄入量与血浆糖精水平相关(β = 0.29;q = 1.8E-10)。没有观察到任何一种人工甜味剂与糖、碳水化合物、脂类、氨基酸或其他代谢物的关联,表明代谢紊乱;敏感性分析支持这些发现。在迄今为止最大规模的代谢组学研究中,没有发现代谢紊乱与摄入阿斯巴甜或糖精之间的联系。我们不能排除这种可能性,即更极端的摄入量可能与人造甜味剂消费者的代谢紊乱有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Diabetes
Journal of Diabetes ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
2.20%
发文量
94
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Diabetes (JDB) devotes itself to diabetes research, therapeutics, and education. It aims to involve researchers and practitioners in a dialogue between East and West via all aspects of epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, management, complications and prevention of diabetes, including the molecular, biochemical, and physiological aspects of diabetes. The Editorial team is international with a unique mix of Asian and Western participation. The Editors welcome submissions in form of original research articles, images, novel case reports and correspondence, and will solicit reviews, point-counterpoint, commentaries, editorials, news highlights, and educational content.
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