Nature Reviews Endocrinology最新文献_第10页

Metabolic regulation of skeletal cell fate and function 骨骼细胞命运和功能的代谢调节

IF 40.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00969-x

Steve Stegen, Geert Carmeliet

{"title":"Metabolic regulation of skeletal cell fate and function","authors":"Steve Stegen, Geert Carmeliet","doi":"10.1038/s41574-024-00969-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-024-00969-x","url":null,"abstract":"Bone development and bone remodelling during adult life are highly anabolic processes requiring an adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients. Bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts interact closely to preserve bone mass and architecture and are often located close to blood vessels. Chondrocytes within the developing growth plate ensure that bone lengthening occurs before puberty, but these cells function in an avascular environment. With ageing, numerous bone marrow adipocytes appear, often with negative effects on bone properties. Many studies have now indicated that skeletal cells have specific metabolic profiles that correspond to the nutritional microenvironment and their stage-specific functions. These metabolic networks provide not only skeletal cells with sufficient energy, but also biosynthetic intermediates that are necessary for proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis. Moreover, these metabolic pathways control redox homeostasis to avoid oxidative stress and safeguard cell survival. Finally, several intracellular metabolites regulate the activity of epigenetic enzymes and thus control the fate and function of skeletal cells. The metabolic profile of skeletal cells therefore not only reflects their cellular state, but can also drive cellular activity. Insight into skeletal cell metabolism will thus not only advance our understanding of skeletal development and homeostasis, but also of skeletal disorders, such as osteoarthritis, diabetic bone disease and bone malignancies. The skeleton is a metabolically active organ, with bone formation and maintenance relying on highly anabolic, nutrient-consuming processes. Here, the authors describe the current understanding of fuel selection and intermediary metabolic pathways in bone cells during bone formation and discuss how metabolic dysfunction can contribute to skeletal disease.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140158562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The individual response to antibiotics and diet — insights into gut microbial resilience and host metabolism 个体对抗生素和饮食的反应--洞察肠道微生物的恢复力和宿主的新陈代谢。

IF 40.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00966-0

Lars M. M. Vliex, John Penders, Arjen Nauta, Erwin G. Zoetendal, Ellen E. Blaak

{"title":"The individual response to antibiotics and diet — insights into gut microbial resilience and host metabolism","authors":"Lars M. M. Vliex, John Penders, Arjen Nauta, Erwin G. Zoetendal, Ellen E. Blaak","doi":"10.1038/s41574-024-00966-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-024-00966-0","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic use disrupts microbial composition and activity in humans, but whether this disruption in turn affects host metabolic health is unclear. Cohort studies show associations between antibiotic use and an increased risk of developing obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we review available clinical trials and show the disruptive effect of antibiotic use on the gut microbiome in humans, as well as its impact on bile acid metabolism and microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids. Placebo-controlled human studies do not show a consistent effect of antibiotic use on body weight and insulin sensitivity at a population level, but rather an individual-specific or subgroup-specific response. This response to antibiotic use is affected by the resistance and resilience of the gut microbiome, factors that determine the extent of disruption and the speed of recovery afterwards. Nutritional strategies to improve the composition and functionality of the gut microbiome, as well as its recovery after antibiotic use (for instance, with prebiotics), require a personalized approach to increase their efficacy. Improved insights into key factors that influence the individual-specific response to antibiotics and dietary intervention may lead to better efficacy in reversing or preventing antibiotic-induced microbial dysbiosis as well as strategies for preventing cardiometabolic diseases. This Review discusses the effect of antibiotic-induced perturbations of the gut microbiome on host metabolic health. The authors outline factors that might influence the response to antibiotic use and highlight prebiotic strategies that could improve microbial composition and modulate microbial recovery.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antibodies drive adipose tissue ageing 抗体驱动脂肪组织老化

IF 40.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00974-0

Shimona Starling

引用次数: 0

Thyroid-function reference ranges in the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction in adults 诊断成人甲状腺功能障碍的甲状腺功能参考范围。

IF 40.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00972-2

Salman Razvi

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Controlling brown adipose tissue size through EPAC1 通过 EPAC1 控制棕色脂肪组织的大小

IF 40.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00971-3

Francesc Villarroya, Marta Giralt

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Cryo-electron microscopy for GPCR research and drug discovery in endocrinology and metabolism 用于内分泌学和新陈代谢中 GPCR 研究和药物发现的冷冻电子显微镜。

IF 40.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00957-1

Jia Duan, Xin-Heng He, Shu-Jie Li, H. Eric Xu

{"title":"Cryo-electron microscopy for GPCR research and drug discovery in endocrinology and metabolism","authors":"Jia Duan, Xin-Heng He, Shu-Jie Li, H. Eric Xu","doi":"10.1038/s41574-024-00957-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-024-00957-1","url":null,"abstract":"G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of cell surface receptors, with many GPCRs having crucial roles in endocrinology and metabolism. Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has revolutionized the field of structural biology, particularly regarding GPCRs, over the past decade. Since the first pair of GPCR structures resolved by cryo-EM were published in 2017, the number of GPCR structures resolved by cryo-EM has surpassed the number resolved by X-ray crystallography by 30%, reaching >650, and the number has doubled every ~0.63 years for the past 6 years. At this pace, it is predicted that the structure of 90% of all human GPCRs will be completed within the next 5–7 years. This Review highlights the general structural features and principles that guide GPCR ligand recognition, receptor activation, G protein coupling, arrestin recruitment and regulation by GPCR kinases. The Review also highlights the diversity of GPCR allosteric binding sites and how allosteric ligands could dictate biased signalling that is selective for a G protein pathway or an arrestin pathway. Finally, the authors use the examples of glycoprotein hormone receptors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor to illustrate the effect of cryo-EM on understanding GPCR biology in endocrinology and metabolism, as well as on GPCR-related endocrine diseases and drug discovery. This Review highlights how cryo-electron microscopy has revolutionized our understanding of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) functions. Specific examples are outlined that provide insights into GPCR biology and drug discovery in endocrinology and metabolism.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":40.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139996884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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An historical step in our understanding of hypothalamic oestrogen feedback 了解下丘脑雌激素反馈的历史性一步

IF 40.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00968-y

Erik Hrabovszky

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Endocrine disrupting chemicals are a threat to hormone health: a commentary on behalf of the ESE 内分泌干扰化学品威胁荷尔蒙健康：代表 ESE 发表的评论。

IF 40.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00958-0

Martin Reincke, Wiebke Arlt, Pauliina Damdimopoulou, Josef Köhrle, Jerome Bertherat

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Phase I results for AMG 133 AMG 133 的第一阶段结果。

IF 40.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00967-z

Claire Greenhill

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FGF21 suppresses CD8+ T cell antitumour activity FGF21 可抑制 CD8+ T 细胞的抗肿瘤活性

IF 40.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00964-2

Olivia Tysoe

引用次数: 0