Antony D Gee, Matthias M Herth, Michelle L James, Aruna Korde, Peter J H Scott, Neil Vasdev
{"title":"Radionuclide Imaging for Neuroscience: Current Opinion and Future Directions.","authors":"Antony D Gee, Matthias M Herth, Michelle L James, Aruna Korde, Peter J H Scott, Neil Vasdev","doi":"10.1177/1536012120936397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1536012120936397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This meeting report summarizes a Consultants Meeting that was held at International Atomic Energy Agency headquarters in Vienna to provide an update on radionuclide imaging for neuroscience applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"19 ","pages":"1536012120936397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1536012120936397","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38361188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peptide Based Imaging Agents for HER2 Imaging in Oncology.","authors":"Maxwell Ducharme, Suzanne E Lapi","doi":"10.1177/1536012120960258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1536012120960258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer continues to be the most lethal cancer type in women and one of the most diagnosed. Understanding Breast cancer receptor status is one of the most vital processes for determining treatment options. One type of breast cancer, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive, has approved receptor-based therapies including trastuzumab and pertuzumab that can significantly increase the likelihood of survival. Current methods to determine HER2 status include biopsies with immunohistochemical staining and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization. However, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging techniques using <sup>89</sup>Zr-trastuzumab or <sup>89</sup>Zr-pertuzumab are currently in clinical trials for a non-invasive, full body diagnostic approach. Although the antibodies have strong specificity to the HER2 positive lesions, challenges involving long post-injection time for imaging due to the blood circulation of the antibodies and matching of long-live isotopes leading to increased dose to the patient leave opportunities for alternative PET imaging probes. Peptides have been shown to allow for shorter injection-to-imaging time and can be used with shorter lived isotopes. HER2 specific peptides under development will help improve the diagnosis and potentially therapy options for HER2 positive breast cancer. Peptides showing specificity for HER2 could start widespread development of molecular imaging techniques for HER2 positive cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"19 ","pages":"1536012120960258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1536012120960258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38403380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Targeted Imaging Agent to HSP70 Induced In Vivo.","authors":"Pradip Ghosh, Brian E O'Neill, King C Li","doi":"10.1177/1536012120942685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1536012120942685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heat shock protein expression can be induced by heat shock making it possible to artificially modulate their levels noninvasively in vivo in a spatially and temporally controlled manner. Here, we report the use of the major heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) as an inducible target by using the small molecule deoxyspergualin (DSG) conjugated to the near-infrared fluorophore (Cy5.5). We demonstrate that heat induction in the form of localized hyperthermia of normal tissue in living mice results in sufficient HSP70 overexpression for detection with DSG-Cy5.5 conjugate. This effect is dependent on total energy delivered and reaches maximum fluorescence signal in 6 to 8 hours post heat induction and declines over a period of up to 24 hours. These results suggest that DSG-Cy5.5 agent accumulates in tissue with elevated HSP70 by heat.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"19 ","pages":"1536012120942685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1536012120942685","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38719978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Magnetofluorescent Nanoprobe for Multimodal and Multicolor Bioimaging.","authors":"Aditya Yadav, Chethana Rao, Navneet Chandra Verma, Pushpendra Mani Mishra, Chayan Kanti Nandi","doi":"10.1177/1536012120969477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1536012120969477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have extensively been used as a contrasting agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the lack of intrinsic fluorescence restricted their application as a multimodal probe, especially in combination with light microscopy. In Addition, the bigger size of the particle renders them incompetent for bioimaging of small organelles. Herein, we report, not only the synthesis of ultrasmall carbon containing magneto-fluorescent SPIONs with size ∼5 nm, but also demonstrate its capability as a multicolor imaging probe. Using MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines, we show that the SPIONs can provide high contrast mulicolor images of the cytoplasm from blue to red region. Further, single particle level photon count data revealed that the SPIONs could efficaciously be utilized in localization based super resolution microscopy in future.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"19 ","pages":"1536012120969477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1536012120969477","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38537157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research Progress of Radiolabeled Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) Peptides for Imaging and Therapy.","authors":"Liqin Zhu, Zhikai Ding, Xingliang Li, Hongyuan Wei, Yue Chen","doi":"10.1177/1536012120934957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1536012120934957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) motifs have vasculature-homing properties via interactions with the aminopeptidase N (CD13) expressed on tumor neovasculature. Numerous NGR peptides with different molecular scaffolds have been exploited for targeted delivery of different compounds for imaging and therapy. When conjugated with NGR, complexes recognize the CD13 receptor expressed on the tumor vasculature, which improves the specificity to tumor and avoids systematic toxic reactions. Both preclinical and clinical studies performed with these products suggest that NGR-mediated vascular targeting is an effective strategy for delivering bioactive amounts of cytokines to tumor endothelial cells. For molecular imaging, radiolabeled peptides have been the most successful approach and have been translated into clinic. This review describes current data on radiolabeled tumor vasculature-homing NGR peptides for imaging and therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"19 ","pages":"1536012120934957"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1536012120934957","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38325154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arutselvan Natarajan, Shyam M Srinivas, Carmen Azevedo, Lacey Greene, Anne-Laure Bauchet, Erwan Jouannot, Anne-Sophie Lacoste-Bourgeacq, Isabelle Guizon, Patrick Cohen, Anne-Laure Naneix, Ohad Ilovich, Jordan Cisneros, Krithika Rupanarayan, Frederick T Chin, Andrei Iagaru, Frederick M Dirbas, Amer Karam, Sanjiv S Gambhir
{"title":"Two Patient Studies of a Companion Diagnostic Immuno-Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Tracer for Measuring Human CA6 Expression in Cancer for Antibody Drug Conjugate (ADC) Therapy.","authors":"Arutselvan Natarajan, Shyam M Srinivas, Carmen Azevedo, Lacey Greene, Anne-Laure Bauchet, Erwan Jouannot, Anne-Sophie Lacoste-Bourgeacq, Isabelle Guizon, Patrick Cohen, Anne-Laure Naneix, Ohad Ilovich, Jordan Cisneros, Krithika Rupanarayan, Frederick T Chin, Andrei Iagaru, Frederick M Dirbas, Amer Karam, Sanjiv S Gambhir","doi":"10.1177/1536012120939398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1536012120939398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An antigen binding fragment (BFab) derived from a tumor-associated mucin 1-sialoglycotope antigen (CA6) targeting antibody (huDS6) was engineered. We synthesized a companion diagnostic positron emission tomography (PET) tracer by radiolabeling BFab with [<sup>64</sup>Cu] to measure CA6 expression on cancer tissues prior to anti-human CA6 (huDS6-DM4 antibody-drug conjugate) therapy for ovarian and breast cancer patients. After chemotherapy, the ovarian patient received PET scan with <sup>18</sup>F-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDG: 10 mCi), followed by [<sup>64</sup>Cu]-DOTA-BFab ([<sup>64</sup>Cu]BFab; 5.5 mCi) 1 week later for PET scanning of CA6 expression and subsequent surgery. The breast cancer patient was treated with chemotherapy before primary tumor resection and subsequent [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG-PET scan. 4 weeks later the patient received of [<sup>64</sup>Cu]BFab (11.7 mCi) for CA6 PET scan. Whole body [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG-PET of the breast cancer patient indicated FDG-avid tumor metastases to the liver, bilateral hila and thoracic spine, but no uptake was observed for the ovarian patient. Each patient was also imaged by PET/CT with [<sup>64</sup>Cu]BFab at 1 and 24 hours after tracer administration. The [<sup>64</sup>Cu]BFab tracer was well tolerated by both patients without adverse effects, and no significant tracer uptake was observed in both patients. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) data indicated CA6 expressions were weak to intermediate and matched with the [<sup>64</sup>Cu]BFab-PET signals.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"19 ","pages":"1536012120939398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1536012120939398","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38625616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-Efficiency Production of Radiopharmaceuticals via Droplet Radiochemistry: A Review of Recent Progress.","authors":"Jia Wang, R Michael van Dam","doi":"10.1177/1536012120973099","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1536012120973099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>New platforms are enabling radiochemistry to be carried out in tiny, microliter-scale volumes, and this capability has enormous benefits for the production of radiopharmaceuticals. These droplet-based technologies can achieve comparable or better yields compared to conventional methods, but with vastly reduced reagent consumption, shorter synthesis time, higher molar activity (even for low activity batches), faster purification, and ultra-compact system size. We review here the state of the art of this emerging direction, summarize the radiotracers and prosthetic groups that have been synthesized in droplet format, describe recent achievements in scaling up activity levels, and discuss advantages and limitations and the future outlook of these innovative devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"19 ","pages":"1536012120973099"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1536012120973099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38353405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Florian van Beurden, Danny M van Willigen, Borivoj Vojnovic, Matthias N van Oosterom, Oscar R Brouwer, Henk G van der Poel, Hisataka Kobayashi, Fijs W B van Leeuwen, Tessa Buckle
{"title":"Multi-Wavelength Fluorescence in Image-Guided Surgery, Clinical Feasibility and Future Perspectives.","authors":"Florian van Beurden, Danny M van Willigen, Borivoj Vojnovic, Matthias N van Oosterom, Oscar R Brouwer, Henk G van der Poel, Hisataka Kobayashi, Fijs W B van Leeuwen, Tessa Buckle","doi":"10.1177/1536012120962333","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1536012120962333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rise of fluorescence-guided surgery, it has become evident that different types of fluorescence signals can provide value in the surgical setting. Hereby a different range of targets have been pursued in a great variety of surgical indications. One of the future challenges lies in combining complementary fluorescent readouts during one and the same surgical procedure, so-called multi-wavelength fluorescence guidance. In this review we summarize the current clinical state-of-the-art in multi-wavelength fluorescence guidance, basic technical concepts, possible future extensions of existing clinical indications and impact that the technology can bring to clinical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"19 ","pages":"1536012120962333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/75/d5/10.1177_1536012120962333.PMC7607779.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38548284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mucong Li, Nikhila Nyayapathi, Hailey I Kilian, Jun Xia, Jonathan F Lovell, Junjie Yao
{"title":"Sound Out the Deep Colors: Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging at New Depths.","authors":"Mucong Li, Nikhila Nyayapathi, Hailey I Kilian, Jun Xia, Jonathan F Lovell, Junjie Yao","doi":"10.1177/1536012120981518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1536012120981518","url":null,"abstract":"Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) has become increasingly popular for molecular imaging due to its unique optical absorption contrast, high spatial resolution, deep imaging depth, and high imaging speed. Yet, the strong optical attenuation of biological tissues has traditionally prevented PAT from penetrating more than a few centimeters and limited its application for studying deeply seated targets. A variety of PAT technologies have been developed to extend the imaging depth, including employing deep-penetrating microwaves and X-ray photons as excitation sources, delivering the light to the inside of the organ, reshaping the light wavefront to better focus into scattering medium, as well as improving the sensitivity of ultrasonic transducers. At the same time, novel optical fluence mapping algorithms and image reconstruction methods have been developed to improve the quantitative accuracy of PAT, which is crucial to recover weak molecular signals at larger depths. The development of highly-absorbing near-infrared PA molecular probes has also flourished to provide high sensitivity and specificity in studying cellular processes. This review aims to introduce the recent developments in deep PA molecular imaging, including novel imaging systems, image processing methods and molecular probes, as well as their representative biomedical applications. Existing challenges and future directions are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"19 ","pages":"1536012120981518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1536012120981518","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38725464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shiyu Tang, Elizabeth M Powell, Wenjun Zhu, Fu-Sun Lo, Reha S Erzurumlu, Su Xu
{"title":"Altered Forebrain Functional Connectivity and Neurotransmission in a Kinase-Inactive Met Mouse Model of Autism.","authors":"Shiyu Tang, Elizabeth M Powell, Wenjun Zhu, Fu-Sun Lo, Reha S Erzurumlu, Su Xu","doi":"10.1177/1536012118821034","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1536012118821034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MET, the gene encoding the tyrosine kinase receptor for hepatocyte growth factor, is a susceptibility gene for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Genetically altered mice with a kinase-inactive Met offer a potential model for understanding neural circuit organization changes in autism. Here, we focus on the somatosensory thalamocortical circuitry because distinct somatosensory sensitivity phenotypes accompany ASD, and this system plays a major role in sensorimotor and social behaviors in mice. We employed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and in vivo high-resolution proton MR spectroscopy to examine neuronal connectivity and neurotransmission of wild-type, heterozygous Met-Emx1, and fully inactive homozygous Met-Emx1 mice. Met-Emx1 brains showed impaired maturation of large-scale somatosensory network connectivity when compared with wild-type controls. Significant sex × genotype interaction in both network features and glutamate/gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) balance was observed. Female Met-Emx1 brains showed significant connectivity and glutamate/GABA balance changes in the somatosensory thalamocortical system when compared with wild-type brains. The glutamate/GABA ratio in the thalamus was correlated with the connectivity between the somatosensory cortex and the thalamus in heterozygous Met-Emx1 female brains. The findings support the hypothesis that aberrant functioning of the somatosensory thalamocortical system is at the core of the conspicuous somatosensory behavioral phenotypes observed in Met-Emx1 mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"18 ","pages":"1536012118821034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e9/8a/10.1177_1536012118821034.PMC6322103.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36994952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}