Molecular Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Emerging Applications for Optically Enabled Intravital Microscopic Imaging in Radiobiology.","authors":"Azusa Maeda,&nbsp;Iris Kulbatski,&nbsp;Ralph S DaCosta","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation therapy is an effective cancer treatment used in over 50% of cancer patients. Preclinical research in radiobiology plays a major role in influencing the translation of radiotherapy-based treatment strategies into clinical practice. Studies have demonstrated that various components of tumors and their microenvironments, including vasculature, immune and stem cells, and stromal cells, can influence the response of solid tumors to radiation. Optically enabled imaging techniques used in experimental animal models of cancer offer a unique and powerful way to quantitatively track spatiotemporal changes in these tumor components in vivo at macro-, meso-, and microscopic resolutions following radiotherapy. In this review, we discuss the role of both well-established and emerging intravital microscopy techniques for studying tumors and their microenvironment in vivo, in response to irradiation. The development and application of new animal models, small animal microirradiation technologies, and multimodal optically enabled intravital microscopy techniques are emphasized within the framework of preclinical radiobiology research. We also comment on the potential influence that these newer imaging techniques may have on the clinical translation of new preclinical radiobiology discoveries.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"14 ","pages":"452-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34082898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulnerable plaque detection and quantification with gold particle-enhanced computed tomography in atherosclerotic mouse models.","authors":"David De Wilde,&nbsp;Bram Trachet,&nbsp;Carole Van der Donckt,&nbsp;Bert Vandeghinste,&nbsp;Benedicte Descamps,&nbsp;Christian Vanhove,&nbsp;Guido R Y De Meyer,&nbsp;Patrick Segers","doi":"10.2310/7290.2015.00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2310/7290.2015.00009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, an apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mouse model with a mutation (C1039G+/-) in the fibrillin-1 (Fbn1) gene (ApoE-/-Fbn1C1039G+/- mouse model) was developed showing vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques, prone to rupture, in contrast to the ApoE-/- mouse model, where mainly stable plaques are present. One indicator of plaque vulnerability is the level of macrophage infiltration. Therefore, this study aimed to measure and quantify in vivo the macrophage infiltration related to plaque development and progression. For this purpose, 5-weekly consecutive gold nanoparticle-enhanced micro-computed tomography (microCT) scans were acquired. Histology confirmed that the presence of contrast agent coincided with the presence of macrophages. Based on the microCT scans, regions of the artery wall with contrast agent present were calculated and visualized in three dimensions. From this information, the contrast-enhanced area and contrast-enhanced centerline length were calculated for the branches of the carotid bifurcation (common, external, and internal carotid arteries). Statistical analysis showed a more rapid development and a larger extent of plaques in the ApoE-/-Fbn1C1039G+/- compared to the ApoE-/- mice. Regional differences between the branches were also observable and quantifiable. We developed and applied a methodology based on gold particle-enhanced microCT to visualize the presence of macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"14 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2310/7290.2015.00009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34180230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo Quantification of 5-HT2A Brain Receptors in Mdr1a KO Rats with 123I-R91150 Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography.","authors":"Noé Dumas,&nbsp;Marcelle Moulin-Sallanon,&nbsp;Pascal Fender,&nbsp;Benjamin B Tournier,&nbsp;Nathalie Ginovart,&nbsp;Yves Charnay,&nbsp;Philippe Millet","doi":"10.2310/7290.2015.00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2310/7290.2015.00006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our goal was to identify suitable image quantification methods to image 5-hydroxytryptamine2A (5-HT2A) receptors in vivo in Mdr1a knockout (KO) rats (i.e., P-glycoprotein KO) using 123I-R91150 single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The 123I-R91150 binding parameters estimated with different reference tissue models (simplified reference tissue model [SRTM], Logan reference tissue model, and tissue ratio [TR] method) were compared to the estimates obtained with a comprehensive three-tissue/seven-parameter (3T/7k)-based model. The SRTM and Logan reference tissue model estimates of 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) nondisplaceable binding potential (BPND) correlated well with the absolute receptor density measured with the 3T/7k gold standard (r > .89). Quantification of 5-HT2AR using the Logan reference tissue model required at least 90 minutes of scanning, whereas the SRTM required at least 110 minutes. The TR method estimates were also highly correlated to the 5-HT2AR density (r > .91) and only required a single 20-minute scan between 100 and 120 minutes postinjection. However, a systematic overestimation of the BPND values was observed. The Logan reference tissue method is more convenient than the SRTM for the quantification of 5-HT2AR in Mdr1a KO rats using 123I-R91150 SPECT. The TR method is an interesting and simple alternative, despite its bias, as it still provides a valid index of 5-HT2AR density.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"14 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2310/7290.2015.00006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34298953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo imaging study of angiogenesis in a channelized porous scaffold.","authors":"Margherita Tamplenizza,&nbsp;Alessandro Tocchio,&nbsp;Irini Gerges,&nbsp;Federico Martello,&nbsp;Cristina Martelli,&nbsp;Luisa Ottobrini,&nbsp;Giovanni Lucignani,&nbsp;Paolo Milani,&nbsp;Cristina Lenardi","doi":"10.2310/7290.2015.00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2310/7290.2015.00011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main scientific issue hindering the development of tissue engineering technologies is the lack of proper vascularization. Among the various approaches developed for boosting vascularization, scaffold design has attracted increasing interest over the last few years. The aim of this article is to illustrate a scaffold design strategy for enhancing vascularization based on sacrificial microfabrication of embedded microchannels. This approach was combined with an innovative poly(ether urethane urea) (PEUtU) porous scaffold to provide an alternative graft substitute material for the treatment of tissue defects. Fluorescent and chemiluminescent imaging combined with computed tomography were used to study the behavior of the scaffold composition within living subjects by analyzing angiogenesis and inflammation processes and observing the variation in x-ray absorption, respectively. For this purpose, an IntegriSense 680 probe was used in vivo for the localization and quantification of integrin αvβ3, due to its critical involvement in angiogenesis, and a XenoLight RediJect Inflammation Probe for the study of the decline in inflammation progression during healing. Overall, the collected data suggest the advantages of embedding a synthetic vascular network into a PEUtU porous matrix to enhance in vivo tissue integration, maturation, and regeneration. Moreover, our imaging approach proved to be an efficient and versatile tool for scaffold in vivo testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"14 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2310/7290.2015.00011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33899007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Glucose Uptake in Normal and Cancer Cell Lines by Positron Emission Tomography.","authors":"Francesca Maddalena,&nbsp;Giacomo Lettini,&nbsp;Rosj Gallicchio,&nbsp;Lorenza Sisinni,&nbsp;Vittorio Simeon,&nbsp;Anna Nardelli,&nbsp;Angela Assunta Venetucci,&nbsp;Giovanni Storto,&nbsp;Matteo Landriscina","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To date, there is no definitive demonstration of the utility of positron emission tomography (PET) in studying glucose metabolism in cultured cell lines. Thus, this study was designed to compare PET to more standardized methods for the quantitative assessment of glucose uptake in nontransformed and transformed living cells and to validate PET for metabolic studies in vitro. Human colon and breast carcinoma cell lines and mouse embryo fibroblasts were evaluated for [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([(18)F]FDG) uptake by PET and autoradiography and 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) incorporation by colorimetric assay and analyzed for the radiotoxic effects of [(18)F]FDG and the expression levels of glucose transporters. Indeed, [(18)F]FDG incorporation on PET was comparable to [(18)F]FDG uptake by autoradiography and 2-DG incorporation by colorimetric assay, although radiotracer-based methods exhibited more pronounced differences between individual cell lines. As expected, these data correlated with glucose transporters 1 to 4 and hexokinase II expression in tumor cell lines and mouse fibroblasts. Notably, [(18)F]FDG incorporation resulted in low apoptotic rates, with fibroblasts being slightly more sensitive to radiotracer-induced cell death. The quantitative analysis of [(18)F]FDG uptake in living cells by PET represents a valuable and reproducible method to study tumor cell metabolism in vitro, being representative of the differences in the molecular profile of normal and tumor cell lines.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"14 ","pages":"490-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34081124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PIXSIC: A Wireless Intracerebral Radiosensitive Probe in Freely Moving Rats.","authors":"Laure Balasse,&nbsp;Julia Maerk,&nbsp;Frédéric Pain,&nbsp;Aurelie Genoux,&nbsp;Sylvain Fieux,&nbsp;Françoise Lefebvre,&nbsp;Christian Morel,&nbsp;Pascale Gisquet-Verrier,&nbsp;Philippe Lanièce,&nbsp;Luc Zimmer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to demonstrate the potential of a wireless pixelated β+-sensitive intracerebral probe (PIXSIC) for in vivo positron emission tomographic (PET) radiopharmacology in awake and freely moving rodents. The binding of [(11)C]raclopride to D2 dopamine receptors was measured in anesthetized and awake rats following injection of the radiotracer. Competitive binding was assessed with a cold raclopride injection 20 minutes later. The device can accurately monitor binding of PET ligands in freely moving rodents with a high spatiotemporal resolution. Reproducible time-activity curves were obtained for pixels throughout the striatum and cerebellum. A significantly lower [(11)C]raclopride tracer-specific binding was observed in awake animals. These first results pave the way for PET tracer pharmacokinetics measurements in freely moving rodents.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"14 ","pages":"484-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34083390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging the Met Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (Met) and Assessing Tumor Responses to a Met Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor in Human Xenograft Mouse Models with a [99mTc] (AH-113018) or Cy 5** (AH-112543) Labeled Peptide.","authors":"Elaine M Jagoda, Sibaprasad Bhattacharyya, Joseph Kalen, Lisa Riffle, Avrum Leeder, Stephanie Histed, Mark Williams, Karen J Wong, Biying Xu, Lawrence P Szajek, Osama Elbuluk, Fabiola Cecchi, Kristen Raffensperger, Meghana Golla, Donald P Bottaro, Peter Choyke","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing an imaging agent targeting the hepatocyte growth factor receptor protein (Met) status of cancerous lesions would aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of Met-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). A peptide targeting Met labeled with [(99m)Tc] had high affinity in vitro (Kd = 3.3 nM) and detected relative changes in Met in human cancer cell lines. In vivo [(99m)Tc]-Met peptide (AH-113018) was retained in Met-expressing tumors, and high-expressing Met tumors (MKN-45) were easily visualized and quantitated using single-photon emission computed tomography or optical imaging. In further studies, MKN-45 mouse xenografts treated with PHA 665752 (Met TKI) or vehicle were monitored weekly for tumor responses by [(99m)Tc]-Met peptide imaging and measurement of tumor volumes. Tumor uptake of [(99m)Tc]-Met peptide was significantly decreased as early as 1 week after PHA 665752 treatment, corresponding to decreases in tumor volumes. These results were comparable to Cy5**-Met peptide (AH-112543) fluorescence imaging using the same treatment model. [(99m)Tc] or Cy5**-Met peptide tumor uptake was further validated by histologic (necrosis, apoptosis) and immunoassay (total Met, p Met, and plasma shed Met) assessments in imaged and nonimaged cohorts. These data suggest that [(99m)Tc] or Cy5**-Met peptide imaging may have clinical diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic monitoring applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"14 ","pages":"499-515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7709139/pdf/nihms-1645176.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34254396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Apoptotic Cells in a Rabbit Model with Atherosclerosis-Like Lesions Using the Positron Emission Tomography Radiotracer [18F]ML-10.","authors":"Fabien Hyafil,&nbsp;Alexy Tran-Dinh,&nbsp;Samuel Burg,&nbsp;Sébastien Leygnac,&nbsp;Liliane Louedec,&nbsp;Milan Milliner,&nbsp;Rana Ben Azzouna,&nbsp;Ayelet Reshef,&nbsp;Miri Ben Ami,&nbsp;Olivier Meilhac,&nbsp;Dominique Le Guludec","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[18F]ML-10 (2-(5-fluoro-pentyl)-2-methylmalonic acid) is a positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer that accumulates in cells presenting apoptosis-specific membrane alterations. The aim of this study was to test whether [18F]ML-10 allows for the detection of apoptotic cells located in atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits. Atherosclerotic plaques were induced in the aortas of five rabbits, and five additional rabbits were used as controls. Activity in the aortas was quantified in vivo and ex vivo. The localization of [18F]ML-10 to the aortic wall was identified by autoradiography. Average target to background ratios measured in vivo by PET were higher in the aortas of atherosclerotic rabbits compared with those of control rabbits (2.00 ± 0.52 vs 1.22 ± 0.30; p < .05). Differences in [18F]ML-10 uptake between atherosclerotic and control aortas were confirmed ex vivo by PET and gamma counting (23.9 ± 11.2 vs 1.1 ± 2.4 counts/pixel; p <.05; 3.6 ± 2.0 vs 0.05 ± 0.05 % of injected activity/g; p < .05, respectively). Strong correlation was observed between the accumulation of [18F]ML-10 in aortic segments as detected by autoradiography and the number of apoptotic cells on corresponding histologic sections (r2 = .75; p < .05). In this study, we found that atherosclerotic plaques rich in apoptotic cells can be detected with [18F]ML-10 and PET.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"14 ","pages":"433-42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34057392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Endoscopic Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging System for Intraoperative Surgical Navigation.","authors":"Tianming Song,&nbsp;Xia Liu,&nbsp;Yawei Qu,&nbsp;Haixiao Liu,&nbsp;Chengpeng Bao,&nbsp;Chengcai Leng,&nbsp;Zhenhua Hu,&nbsp;Kun Wang,&nbsp;Jie Tian","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerenkov luminescence imaging is an emerging optical technique for imaging the distribution of radiopharmaceuticals in vivo. However, because of the light scattering effect, it cannot obtain optical information from deep internal organs. To overcome this challenge, we established a novel endoscopic Cerenkov luminescence imaging system that used a clinically approved laparoscope and an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device camera. We assessed the performance of the system through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results demonstrated superior superficial imaging resolution (0.1 mm), a large field of view (500 mm2 with 10 mm imaging distance), and superb imaging sensitivity (imaging 1 μCi) of our system. It captured the weak Cerenkov signal from internal organs successfully and was applied to intraoperative surgical navigation of tumor resection. It offered objective information of the tumor location and tumor residual during the surgical operation. This technique holds great potential for clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"14 ","pages":"443-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34058469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monoclonal antibody-conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for imaging of epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted cells and gliomas.","authors":"Ketao Mu,&nbsp;Shun Zhang,&nbsp;Tao Ai,&nbsp;Jingjing Jiang,&nbsp;Yihao Yao,&nbsp;Lingyu Jiang,&nbsp;Qing Zhou,&nbsp;Hongbing Xiang,&nbsp;Yanhong Zhu,&nbsp;Xiangliang Yang,&nbsp;Wenzhen Zhu","doi":"10.2310/7290.2015.00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2310/7290.2015.00002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to successfully synthesize epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody-conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (EGFRmAb-SPIONs) and explore their biocompatibility and potential applications as a targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent for the EGFR-specific detection of brain glioma in vivo. After conjugation of EGFRmAb with SPIONs, the magnetic characteristics of EGFRmAb-SPIONs were investigated. Thereafter, the targeting abilities of EGFRmAb-SPIONs with MRI were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed in EGFR-positive C6 glioma cells in vitro and in a Wistar rat model bearing C6 glioma in vivo. Furthermore, the preliminary biocompatibility and toxicity of EGFRmAb-SPIONs were evaluated in normal rats through hematology assays and histopathologic analyses. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and Student t-test, with a significance level of p < .05. From the results of EGFRmAb-SPION characterizations, the average particle size was 10.21 nm and the hydrodynamic diameter was 161.5 ± 2.12 nm. The saturation magnetization was 55 emu/g·Fe, and T2 relaxivity was 92.73 s-1mM-1 in distilled water. The preferential accumulation of the EGFRmAb-SPIONs within glioma and subsequent MRI contrast enhancement were demonstrated both in vitro in C6 cells and in vivo in rats bearing C6 glioma. After intravenous administration of EGFRmAb-SPIONs, T2-weighted MRI of the rat model with brain glioma exhibited an apparent hypointense region within glioma from 2 to 48 hours. The maximal image contrast was reached at 24 hours, where the signal intensity decreased and the R2 value increased by 30% compared to baseline. However, T2-weighted imaging of the rat model administered with SPIONs showed no visible signal changes within the tumor over the same time period. Moreover, no evident toxicities in vitro and in vivo with EGFRmAb-SPIONs were clearly identified based on the laboratory examinations. EGFRmAb-SPIONs could potentially be employed as a targeted contrast agent in the molecule-specific diagnosis of brain glioma in MRI.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"14 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2310/7290.2015.00002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34179765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}