Molecular Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Advancements in Imaging Technologies and AI Integration for Neurodegenerative Disease Management: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Jinshan Xu, Caiyun Gao, Junhua Zhang, Jialei Lu, Yingyu Xuan, Shiyun Wang, Chaozhi Bu","doi":"10.1177/15353508251393056","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353508251393056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by progressive neuronal degeneration, are increasingly prevalent due to global aging trends and impose a significant burden on patients. No cure currently exists, with oxidative stress and inflammation serving as key drivers of disease progression. Advances in imaging technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) offer new opportunities for early diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment evaluation. This review aims to summarize the role of advanced neuroimaging modalities and AI integration in improving the diagnosis, monitoring, and management of neurodegenerative diseases, while highlighting current challenges and future directions.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A narrative review was conducted based on published literature on neuroimaging techniques in neurodegenerative diseases. Key modalities included structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The integration of AI in image analysis was evaluated for its impact on diagnostic accuracy and workflow efficiency. Sources were selected from peer-reviewed journals focusing on clinical applications, technical advancements, and multimodal imaging strategies. Results Structural MRI, fMRI, and DTI provide detailed insights into brain atrophy and microstructural integrity, while PET and SPECT enable molecular-level assessment of metabolism and pathology. AI-enhanced analysis reduces interpretation variability and improves diagnostic precision. Despite these advances, high costs, limited accessibility, and inter-expert subjectivity remain major barriers. Emerging multimodal approaches and AI-driven tools show promise in enabling earlier detection and personalized treatment monitoring.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The integration of advanced imaging and AI holds transformative potential for neurodegenerative disease management. Future efforts should prioritize cost reduction, improved accessibility, and seamless multimodal data fusion to translate these technologies into routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"24 ","pages":"15353508251393056"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147348674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absolute Quantitative Photoacoustic Imaging for Contrast Agents Concentration Estimation Using a Spectral Decomposition Approach.","authors":"Shang Gao, Liudmila Serebrennikova, Ryo Murakami, Srikanth Boinapally, Sangeeta Ray, Martin G Pomper, Haichong K Zhang","doi":"10.1177/15353508251368629","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353508251368629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is a promising modality for medical diagnostics and therapeutic monitoring, but accurate quantification of contrast agents (CAs) remains a challenge due to nonlinear signal responses and spectral shifts at varying concentrations. These limitations hinder its clinical utility in applications such as tumor detection and treatment monitoring. This study introduces a spectral decomposition method to improve absolute CA concentration estimation in PA imaging. By using a reference spectral library, the approach corrects for signal distortions and nonlinear behavior, overcoming key limitations of traditional intensity-based methods. Validation was performed through in vitro experiments using a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted CA in both saline and blood, as well as dynamic tracking of indocyanine green (ICG) in ex vivo tissue. The method achieved significantly lower concentration estimation errors, with average absolute errors of 1.80 µM in saline and 3.34 µM in blood. Compared to conventional techniques, the proposed method demonstrated enhanced reliability and robustness. These results underscore the potential of this spectral-based quantification technique to support more precise, clinically translatable PA imaging, enabling accurate CA measurement for early disease detection, surgical guidance, and real-time monitoring of therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"24 ","pages":"15353508251368629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147348669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Approach to Parametric Studies in Nuclear Medicine.","authors":"Pierce Ellingson, Jackson Penning, Zuzan Cayci, Farhad Jafari","doi":"10.1177/15353508251366816","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353508251366816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Finding the rate constants (rates of transition) of radiopharmaceuticals between organs or different regions of interest (ROIs) in nuclear medicine quickly and accurately provides rich physiological data that is essential for determining drug dosages and performing precise radiation dosimetry. This article describes a novel exact analytical approach to achieving this goal. This can be done in a very short time period at the beginning of treatment with application of tracer levels of radiopharma, and using activities in the ROIs construct the rate constants. Here, using randomly chosen rate constants, time activity curves (TACs) for a four-compartment model are created, and using different sampling regimens of these TACs, the rate constants are reconstructed in a large number of simulations. The least square error (LSE) and relative LSE in the reconstructed parameters are shown to be better than <math><mn>1</mn> <mo>×</mo> <msup><mn>10</mn> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>4</mn></mrow> </msup> </math> . While studies based on optimization methods have been described previously, this paper achieves the rate constants accurately and robustly using analytical methods, thus improving on the clinical applicability of these methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"24 ","pages":"15353508251366816"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147348562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping Kappa Opioid Receptor Binding in Titi Monkeys with [¹¹C]GR103545 PET.","authors":"Alita Jesal D Almeida, Brad A Hobson, Logan E Savidge, Claudia Manca, John P Paulus, Karen L Bales, Abhijit J Chaudhari","doi":"10.1177/15353508251341082","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353508251341082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The kappa opioid receptor (KOR) plays a pivotal role in stress- and anxiety-related behaviors, with growing evidence linking it to stress induced by social isolation and separation. Despite this, tools for studying KOR in clinically relevant social contexts remain limited. The socially monogamous coppery titi monkey offers a translational model for investigating pair bonding. This study evaluated the feasibility of [¹¹C]GR103545 PET imaging to characterize KOR activity <i>in vivo</i>, and its pharmacological blockade for the first time in titi monkeys.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult titi monkeys (N = 6) underwent [¹¹C]GR103545 PET brain scans at baseline and following administration of the KOR antagonist CERC-501. Non-displaceable binding potential (BP_ND) was calculated across 14 brain volumes of interest (VOIs) implicated in social bonding, using Simplified and Logan reference tissue models (SRTM and LRTM), with the cerebellum as the reference region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline [¹¹C]GR103545 uptake patterns across VOIs were consistent with reports in humans, other primates and published autoradiography data. CERC-501 pretreatment significantly reduced BP_ND (SRTM: 55.99%, LRTM: 59.68%) across several, but not all brain VOIs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study establishes [¹¹C]GR103545 PET as a viable tool for assessing KOR binding dynamics in titi monkeys, providing new opportunities to explore KOR modulation in social bonding and separation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"24 ","pages":"15353508251341082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12950946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147348666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the TAAR1 Partial Agonist Ralmitaront on Presynaptic Dopamine Synthesis Capacity Measured Using [¹⁸F]DOPA PET in Naïve and Cocaine-Treated Mice.","authors":"David R Bonsall, Michelle Kokkinou, Els F Halff, Grazia Rutigliano, Sac-Pham Tang, Mattia Veronese, Elaine E Irvine, Dominic J Withers, Lisa A Wells, Sridhar Natesan, Irene Gerlach, Štefan Holiga, Marius C Hoener, Oliver D Howes","doi":"10.1177/15353508241299546","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353508241299546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Elevated dopamine synthesis capacity is part of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia thought to underlie psychosis. Drugs that reduce this phenomenon could thus be potential treatments for these disorders. In this study, we evaluated the ability of the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) partial agonist ralmitaront to reduce presynaptic dopamine synthesis capacity.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>Ralmitaront (3 mg/kg, i.p.), a TAAR1 partial agonist, was evaluated using [¹⁸F]DOPA PET for its ability to modulate presynaptic dopamine synthesis capacity in naïve mice as well as mice in an induced hyperdopaminergic state following acute cocaine administration (20 mg/kg, i.p.).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cocaine treatment on its own did not induce elevated dopamine synthesis capacity when compared to the control group. Pretreatment with ralmitaront significantly reduced dopamine synthesis capacity when given either alone (44%) or in combination with the psychostimulant cocaine (50%) when compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The TAAR1 agonist ralmitaront reduces striatal dopamine synthesis capacity, indexed as Ki^Mod, both in naïve animals and when given prior to acute cocaine. This indicates the potential of TAAR1 agonism to address disorders characterized by striatal hyperdopaminergia.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"23 ","pages":"15353508241299546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11911367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of Multi-Organ 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Enzyme Levels in a Zucker Fatty Rat Model: A PET Imaging Study.","authors":"Jason Bini, Jordan Strober, Michael Kapinos, Ming-Qiang Zheng, Songye Li, Jim Ropchan, Nabeel Nabulsi, Yiyun Huang, Rachel J Perry, Daniel F Vatner, Richard E Carson","doi":"10.1177/15353508241301584","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353508241301584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In rodents, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1) catalyzes the conversion of inactive 11-dehydrocorticosterone to the active hormone corticosterone. Dysregulation of intracellular glucocorticoid action is implicated in metabolic diseases. Assessing 11β-HSD1 enzyme levels <i>in vivo</i> may be key to understanding obesity pathophysiology.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We used a Zucker Fatty (ZF) rat model and [¹⁸F]AS2471907 PET imaging to determine appropriate kinetic modeling methods and assess changes in 11β-HSD1 levels due to obesity in the liver, white and brown adipose tissue (WAT/BAT), and brain.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>To validate [¹⁸F]AS2471907 PET in preclinical models, time-activity curves (TACs) were generated and kinetic modeling was performed with image-derived input functions (IDIFs) extracted from multiple locations. Quantitative estimates of radioligand binding were compared with <i>ex vivo</i> 11β-HSD1 protein expression. Validated quantitative PET kinetic modeling methods were then used to assess differences in 11β-HSD1 between lean and obese ZF rats. Metabolic disease status was confirmed with stable isotopes tracer studies of glucose and fatty acid metabolism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Obesity is associated with decreased brain 11β-HSD1 levels, measured by [¹⁸F]AS2471907 PET, which correlated with measures of glucose and fatty acid metabolism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We demonstrate that [¹⁸F]AS2471907 PET can provide useful quantification of 11β-HSD1 levels in a rodent model of obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"23 ","pages":"15353508241301584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homologous ¹¹¹In-Radiolabeled Platelet Survival and Sequestration Exploration for Refractory Immunologic Thrombocytopenic purpura in Children: A Strategy to Avoid Unnecessary Splenectomy.","authors":"Julien Dubois, Florentin Kucharczak, Léa De Neef, Virginie Kouyoumdjian, Gilles Palenzuela, Virginie Tunez, Denis Mariano-Goulart, Aurélie Bourdon, Tom Paunet","doi":"10.1177/15353508241293961","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353508241293961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunologic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a condition that affects four to 18 per 100 000 children every year. In most cases, spontaneous remission occurs, but splenectomy may be proposed. Exploring the site of platelet sequestration can help to better predict potential poor responders to splenectomy, but ¹¹¹In-radiolabeled platelet scintigraphy (IPS) can be difficult to perform in children with very few platelets. A 12-year-old boy suffering from refractory ITP was referred for evaluation of platelet survival and sequestration and consideration of splenectomy. His platelet count consistently remained below 10 000/mm³. An exceptional procedure was set up to use homologous platelets to perform the IPS. Splenectomy was ruled out based on the results of ¹¹¹In-radiolabeled homologous platelet scintigraphy. The attending pediatrician intensified medical treatments, resulting in a significant improvement in platelet count. This increase in platelet levels allowed for ¹¹¹In-radiolabeled autologous platelet scintigraphy, which confirmed the absence of splenic sequestration. This allowed us to reject splenectomy in this child. Homologous IPS could help clinicians to choose splenectomy as a treatment option for ITP in children with a very low platelet count, and its use should be promoted after failed thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA) treatment. More systematic studies are needed to confirm the predictive response to splenectomy of homologous IPS.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"23 ","pages":"15353508241293961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pharmacokinetic Model Determination of Time Activity Curves in Radiopharmaceutical Therapy.","authors":"Joseph Steiner, Brandon Nguyen, Farhad Jafari","doi":"10.1177/15353508241280015","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353508241280015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and purpose: </strong>Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) dosimetry can be challenging to perform due to sparse data measurements and variations in how the time activity curve (TAC) is determined. In this work, a single system of equations was theoretically derived to estimate the TAC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pharmacokinetic (PK) model was developed to estimate patient specific rate constants for a given set of body compartments. The PK model and an optimizer were numerically implemented to determine the rate constants and, using these physiologic data, to generate TACs and time integrated activities (TIAs) for 3 tissue systems from clinical data gathered in 5 patients. A fourth (aggregate) tissue compartment is added using conservation of activity considerations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Feasibility of the PK model was demonstrated by successfully generating TACs and TIAs for all patients in a manner comparable to existing methods in the literature. The data are compared to smaller sampling regimes. Differences between the 3- and 4-compartment models show that conservation of activity considerations should be part of TAC estimations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results here suggest a new paradigm in RPT in using the rate constants so identified as a diagnostic tool and as a vehicle to achieving individualized tumorcidal dose and/or the maximum tolerable dose to normal tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"23 ","pages":"15353508241280015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11911383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In Situ</i> Mapping of the Glucose Metabolism Heterogeneity in Atherosclerosis: Correlation With 2-Deoxyglucose Uptake.","authors":"Joseph Haddad, Selim Demirdelen, Clayton E Barnes, Steven A Leers, Sina Tavakoli","doi":"10.1177/15353508241280573","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15353508241280573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>2-Deoxy-2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-D-glucose ([¹⁸F]FDG) is widely used for noninvasive imaging of atherosclerosis. However, knowledge about metabolic processes underlying [¹⁸F]FDG uptake is mostly derived from <i>in vitro</i> cell culture studies, which cannot recapitulate the complexities of the plaque microenvironment. Here, we sought to address this gap by <i>in situ</i> mapping of the activity of selected major dehydrogenases involved in glucose metabolism in atherosclerotic plaques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>In situ</i> activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) was assessed in plaques from murine aortic root and brachiocephalic arteries and human carotid arteries. High-resolution 2-deoxy-D-[1,2-³H]glucose ([³H]2-deoxyglucose) autoradiography of murine brachiocephalic plaques was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LDH activity was heterogeneous throughout the plaques with the highest activity in medial smooth muscle cells (SMCs). G6PD activity was mostly confined to the medial layer and to a lesser extent to SMCs along the fibrous cap. SDH and IDH activities were minimal in plaques. Plaque regions with increased [³H]2-deoxyglucose uptake were associated with a modestly higher LDH, but not G6PD, activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study reveals a novel aspect of the metabolic heterogeneity of the atherosclerotic plaques, enhancing our understanding of the complex immunometabolic biology that underlies [¹⁸F]FDG uptake in atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"23 ","pages":"15353508241280573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Exploration of Al¹⁸F-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT in the Management of Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Prospective Clinical Study.","authors":"Shibo Guo, Zhehao Lyu, Chunyu Duan, Hui Wang, Peng Xu, Wei Han, Peng Fu","doi":"10.1177/15353508241270405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15353508241270405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is characterized by inflammation and osteoblastic changes in the sacroiliac joint. As a potential imaging method for the early assessment of AS, positron emission tomography (PET) can quantify systemic disease activity, which is conducive to monitoring the progression of disease activity and assisting in evaluating the efficacy of the treatment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of aluminium-[¹⁸F]fuoride(Al¹⁸F)-labelled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET/computed tomography (CT) in AS and to investigate its ability to assess disease activity during the development of AS.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Twenty AS participants who met the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society criteria and were in an active disease stage were included in this study from May 2022 to April 2023. Sixteen healthy controls were also inrolled. All participants underwent Al¹⁸F-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT imaging after collecting clinical assessment and laboratory results. The correlation between positive joint count (PJC) and systemic joint standard uptake value ratio (SUVR, the mean SUV_max of the 5 highest joints/SUV_max of the uninvolved sacrum) on PET and clinical disease activity assessment and various laboratory tests were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2820 joints were observed in 20 participants (median age 34.5,[21-61]range, 15 men), with a PJC of 1300 (46.7%), and 39 positive uptakes were found in 40 sacroiliac joints (97.5%). PET/CT images revealed FAPI-04 uptake in both sacroiliac joints in 2 participants without radiographic sacroiliitis in the early stages of AS and varying degrees of uptake in the sacroiliac joints and spinal joints in the remaining participants. PJC and SUVR were positively correlated with most clinical assessments and laboratory findings (<i>P </i>< .05), and SUVR of the sacroiliac joint was positively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) (mg/L; r = 0.498, <i>P </i>= .026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Al¹⁸F-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT was highly sensitive to systemic arthritic changes in AS participants and correlated with clinical disease activity and laboratory tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":18855,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging","volume":"23 ","pages":"15353508241270405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}