NanoImpact最新文献

{"title":"Editorial - Special issue environmental and health impacts of two-dimensional nanomaterials","authors":"Peter Wick , Haiyuan Zhang , Sijie Lin , Xuehua Li , Chengdong Zhang , Herdeline Ann Ardoña","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100491","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139095405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissolution kinetics of copper oxide nanoparticles in presence of glyphosate","authors":"Zhaoxun Yang ,&nbsp;Jean-François Gaillard","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Recently CuO nanoparticles (n-CuO) have been proposed as an alternative method to deliver a Cu-based pesticide for controlling fungal infestations. With the concomitant use of </span>glyphosate as an herbicide, the interactions between n-CuO and this strong ligand need to be assessed. We investigated the dissolution kinetics of n-CuO and bulk-CuO (b-CuO) particles in the presence of a commercial glyphosate product and compared it to oxalate, a natural ligand present in soil water. We performed experiments at concentration levels representative of the conditions under which n-CuO and glyphosate would be used (∼0.9 mg/L n-CuO and 50 μM of glyphosate). As tenorite (CuO) dissolution kinetics are known to be surface controlled, we determined that at pH 6.5, T ∼ 20 °C, using KNO</span>₃ as background electrolyte, the presence of glyphosate leads to a dissolution rate of 9.3 ± 0.7 <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>10⁻³ h⁻¹. In contrast, in absence of glyphosate, and under the same conditions, it is 2 orders of magnitude less: 8.9 ± 3.6 <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>10⁻⁵ h⁻¹. In a more complex multi-electrolyte aqueous solution the same effect is observed; glyphosate promotes the dissolution rates of n-CuO and b-CuO within the first 10 h of reaction by a factor of ∼2 to ∼15. In the simple KNO₃ electrolyte, oxalate leads to dissolution rates of CuO about two times faster than glyphosate. However, the kinetic rates within the first 10 h of reaction are about the same for the two ligands when the reaction takes place in the multi-electrolyte solution as oxalate is mostly bound to Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139375538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting environmental concentrations of nanomaterials for exposure assessment - a review","authors":"Arturo A. Keller ,&nbsp;Yuanfang Zheng ,&nbsp;Antonia Praetorius ,&nbsp;Joris T.K. Quik ,&nbsp;Bernd Nowack","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>There have been major advances in the science to predict the likely environmental concentrations of nanomaterials<span>, which is a key component of exposure and subsequent risk assessment. Considerable progress has been since the first Material Flow Analyses (MFAs) in 2008, which were based on very limited information, to more refined current tools that take into account engineered nanoparticle (ENP) size distribution, form, dynamic release, and better-informed release factors. These MFAs provide input for all </span></span>environmental fate<span><span><span> models (EFMs), that generate estimates of particle flows and concentrations in various environmental compartments. While MFA models provide valuable information on the magnitude of ENP release, they do not account for fate processes, such as homo- and heteroaggregation, transformations, dissolution, or corona formation. EFMs account for these processes in differing degrees. EFMs can be divided into multimedia compartment models (e.g., atmosphere, waterbodies and their sediments, soils in various landuses), of which there are currently a handful with varying degrees of complexity and process representation, and spatially-resolved watershed models which focus on the water and sediment compartments. Multimedia models have particular applications for considering predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) in particular regions, or for developing generic “fate factors” (i.e., overall persistence in a given compartment) for life-cycle assessment. Watershed models can track transport and eventual fate of emissions into a flowing river, from multiple sources along the waterway course, providing spatially and temporally resolved PECs. Both types of EFMs can be run with either continuous sources of emissions and environmental conditions, or with dynamic emissions (e.g., temporally varying for example as a new nanomaterial is introduced to the market, or with seasonal applications), to better understand the situations that may lead to peak PECs that are more likely to result in exceedance of a toxicological threshold. In addition, </span>bioaccumulation models have been developed to predict the internal concentrations that may accumulate in exposed organisms, based on the PECs from EFMs. The main challenge for MFA and EFMs is a full validation against observed data. To date there have been no field studies that can provide the kind of dataset(s) needed for a true validation of the PECs. While EFMs have been evaluated against a few observations in a small number of locations, with results that indicate they are in the right order of magnitude, there is a great need for field data. Another major challenge is the input data for the MFAs, which depend on market data to estimate the production of ENPs. The current information has major gaps and large uncertainties. There is also a lack of robust analytical techniques for quantifying ENP properties in complex matrices; machine learning may ","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139515338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of the dustiness index in combination with the handling energy factor for exposure modelling of nanomaterials","authors":"Carla Ribalta ,&nbsp;Alexander C.Ø. Jensen ,&nbsp;Neeraj Shandilya ,&nbsp;Camilla Delpivo ,&nbsp;Keld A. Jensen ,&nbsp;Ana Sofia Fonseca","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of modelling tools in the occupational hygiene community has increased in the last years to comply with the different existing regulations. However, limitations still exist mainly due to the difficulty to obtain certain key parameters such as the emission rate, which in the case of powder handling can be estimated using the dustiness index (DI). The goal of this work is to explore the applicability and usability of the DI for emission source characterization and occupational exposure prediction to particles during nanomaterial powder handling. Modelling of occupational exposure concentrations of 13 case scenarios was performed using a two-box model as well as three nano-specific tools (Stoffenmanager nano, NanoSafer and GUIDEnano). The improvement of modelling performance by using a derived handling energy factor (H) was explored. Results show the usability of the DI for emission source characterization and respirable mass exposure modelling of powder handling scenarios of nanomaterials. A clear improvement in modelling outcome was obtained when using derived quartile-3 H factors with, 1) Pearson correlations of 0.88 vs. 0.52 (not using H), and 2) ratio of modelled/measured concentrations ranging from 0.9 to 10 in 75% cases vs. 16.7% of the cases when not using H. Particle number concentrations were generally underpredicted. Using the most conservative H values, predictions with ratios modelled/measured concentrations of 0.4–3.6 were obtained.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S245207482400003X/pdfft?md5=5cf634b056ad91f26e09d7c690153842&pid=1-s2.0-S245207482400003X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139465995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elemental carbon - An efficient method to measure occupational exposure from materials in the graphene family","authors":"Tobias Storsjö ,&nbsp;Håkan Tinnerberg ,&nbsp;Jinhua Sun ,&nbsp;Chen Ruiqi ,&nbsp;Anne Farbrot","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Graphene is a 2D-material with many useful properties such as flexibility, elasticity, and conductivity among others. Graphene could therefore become a material used in many occupational fields in the future, which can give rise to occupational exposure. Today, exposure is unknown, due to the lack of efficient measuring techniques for occupational exposure to graphene. Readily available screening techniques for air sampling and -analysis are either nonspecific or nonquantitative. Quantifying materials from the broad graphene family by an easy-to-use method is important for the large-scale industrial application of graphene, especially when for the safety of working environment. Graphene consists primarily of elemental carbon, and the present study evaluates the organic carbon/elemental carbon (OC/EC)-technique for exposure assessment. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the OC/EC analysis technique as an efficient and easy-to-use method for quantification of occupational exposure to graphene. Methods that can identify graphene would be preferable for screening, but they are time consuming and semi-quantitative and therefore not suited for quantitative work environment assessments. The OC/EC-technique is a thermal optical analysis (TOA), that quantitively determines the amount of and distinguishes between two different types of carbon, organic and elemental. The technique is standardised, well-established and among other things used for diesel exposure measurements (ref standard). OC/EC could therefore be a feasible measuring technique to quantitively determine occupational exposure to graphene. The present evaluation of the technique provides an analytical method that works quantitatively for graphene, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide. Interestingly, the TOA technique makes it possible to distinguish between the three graphene forms used in this study. The technique was tested in an industrial setting and the outcome suggests that the technique is an efficient monitoring technique to be used in combination with characterisation techniques like for example Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein corona exacerbated inflammatory response in macrophages elicited by CdTe quantum dots","authors":"Na Liu ,&nbsp;Ying Liang ,&nbsp;Tingting Wei ,&nbsp;Xiaoquan Huang ,&nbsp;Ting Zhang ,&nbsp;Meng Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Nano-bio interface is significant concern in nanomedicine<span>. When nanoparticles (NPs) come into contact with cells, they form complexes with proteins known as </span></span>protein corona<span><span> (PC). Cadmium telluride </span>quantum dots<span><span> (CdTe QDs) have been applied as bioimaging probes and for macrophage theragnostic. However, the impact of protein corona on the behavior of CdTe QDs is not well understood. Macrophages play a crucial role in defending against NPs. In this study, RAW264.7 cells were used to investigated the inflammatory response in macrophages when exposed to CdTe QDs before and after PC formation in fetal bovine serum. The results indicated that protein corona polarized more macrophages towards M1 phenotype. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that PC-CdTe QDs altered a greater number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared to CdTe QDs (177 and 398) at 1.0 μM in macrophages. The DEGs affected by PC-CdTe QDs contained several personalized inflammatory cytokines. The enriched pathways after PC formation included Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway, etc. Furthermore, PC specifically exacerbated the overexpression of CCL2 and IL-1β proteins. Importantly, PC altered the mechanism of CdTe QD-induced pyroptosis, shifting it from activating NLRC4 to both NLRP1 and NLRP3 </span>inflammasomes, and from cleaving GSDMD and GSDMB to GSDMB alone. Overall, protein corona exacerbated the inflammatory response induced by CdTe QDs in macrophages. This study provides valuable insight into the pro-inflammatory effect of protein corona on CdTe QDs, with implications for their use in bioimaging or macrophage theragnostic by either exploiting or eliminating this biological interface effect.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139500590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoscale sulfur alters the bacterial and eukaryotic communities of the tomato rhizosphere and their interactions with a fungal pathogen","authors":"Blaire Steven ,&nbsp;M. Amine Hassani ,&nbsp;Jacquelyn C. LaReau ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Jason C. White","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Nanoformulations of sulfur have demonstrated the potential to enhance plant growth and reduce disease incidence when plants are confronted with pathogens<span><span>. However, the impact of nanoscale sulfur on microbial communities in close contact with the plant root, known as the rhizosphere, remain poorly characterized. In this study, we investigate the impact of three formulations of sulfur; bulk sulfur, uncoated (pristine) sulfur </span>nanoparticles<span>, and stearic acid coated sulfur nanoparticles, on the rhizosphere of tomato plants. Tomato plants were additionally challenged by the pathogenic fungus </span></span></span><span><em>Fusarium oxysporum</em><em> f.</em></span> sp. <em>Lycopersici</em><span><span>. Employing bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, along with recently in-house designed </span>peptide nucleic acid<span> clamps to facilitate the recovery of microeukaryote sequences, we performed a comprehensive survey of rhizosphere microbial populations. We found the largest influence on the composition of the rhizosphere microbiome<span> was the presence of the fungal pathogen. However, sulfur amendments also drove state changes in the rhizosphere populations; for example, enriching the relative abundance of the plant-beneficial sulfur-oxidizing bacterium </span></span></span><span><em>Thiobacillus</em></span>. Notably, when investigating the response of the rhizosphere community to the different sulfur amendments, there was a strong interaction between the fungal pathogen and sulfur treatments. This resulted in different bacterial and eukaryotic taxa being enriched in association with the different forms of sulfur, which was dependent on the presence of the pathogen. These data point to nano formulations of sulfur exerting unique shifts in the rhizosphere community compared to bulk sulfur, particularly in association with a plant pathogen, and have implications for the sustainable use of nanoscale strategies in sustainable agriculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139500676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic effects of environmental-relevant exposure to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) micro and nanoparticles in zebrafish early development","authors":"Lilian de Souza Teodoro ,&nbsp;Camilo Alexandre Jablonski ,&nbsp;Kauê Pelegrini ,&nbsp;Talita Carneiro Brandão Pereira ,&nbsp;Thuany Garcia Maraschin ,&nbsp;Alan Carvalho de Sousa Araujo ,&nbsp;Jose Maria Monserrat ,&nbsp;Nara Regina de Souza Basso ,&nbsp;Luiza Wilges Kist ,&nbsp;Maurício Reis Bogo","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a commonly used thermoplastic in industry due to its excellent malleability and thermal stability, making it extensively employed in packaging manufacturing. Inadequate disposal of PET packaging in the environment and natural physical-chemical processes leads to the formation of smaller particles known as PET micro and nanoplastics (MNPs). The reduced dimensions enhance particle bioavailability and, subsequently, their reactivity. This study involved chemical degradation of PET using trifluoroacetic acid to assess the impact of exposure to varying concentrations of PET MNPs (0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L) on morphological, functional, behavioral, and biochemical parameters during the early developmental stages of zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>). Characterization of the degraded PET revealed the generated microplastics (MPs) ranged in size from 1305 to 2032 μm, and that the generated nanoplastics (NPs) ranged from 68.06 to 955 nm. These particles were then used for animal exposure. After a six-day exposure period, our findings indicate that PET MNPs can diminish spontaneous tail coiling (STC), elevate the heart rate, accumulate on the chorion surface, and reduce interocular distance. These results suggest that PET exposure induces primary toxic effects on zebrafish embryo-larval stage of development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139679285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-corona-mediated transformation of nano-sized Y2O3 in simulated freshwater: A short-term study","authors":"Alexander Khort ,&nbsp;Tingru Chang ,&nbsp;Jing Hua ,&nbsp;Eva Blomberg ,&nbsp;Tommy Cedervall ,&nbsp;Inger Odnevall","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of metal and metal oxide nanomaterials (NMs) is experiencing a significant surge in popularity due to their distinctive structures and properties, making them highly attractive for a wide range of applications. This increases the risks of their potential negative impact on organisms if dispersed into the environment. Information about their behavior and transformation upon environmental interactions in aquatic settings is limited. In this study, the influence of naturally excreted biomolecules from the zooplankton <em>Daphnia magna</em> on nanosized Y₂O₃ of different concentrations was systematically examined in synthetic freshwater in terms of adsorption and eco-corona formation, colloidal stability, transformation, dissolution, and ecotoxicity towards <em>D. magna</em>. The formation of an eco-corona on the surface of the Y₂O₃ NMs leads to improved colloidal stability and a reduced extent of dissolution. Exposure to the Y₂O₃ NMs lowered the survival probability of <em>D. magna</em> considerably. The ecotoxic potency was slightly reduced by the formation of the eco-corona, though shown to be particle concentration-specific. Overall, the results highlight the importance of systematic mechanistic and fundamental studies of factors that can affect the environmental fate and ecotoxic potency of NMs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452074823000411/pdfft?md5=caf924e5c45c1ca793fea21d13b8bcdf&pid=1-s2.0-S2452074823000411-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139055308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stool titanium dioxide is positively associated with stool alpha-1 antitrypsin and calprotectin in young healthy adults","authors":"Christianto Putra,&nbsp;Dhimiter Bello,&nbsp;Shannon L. Kelleher,&nbsp;Katherine L. Tucker,&nbsp;Kelsey M. Mangano","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2024.100498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Titanium dioxide (TiO2/E171) is used widely in foods, primarily as a food additive. Animal models have shown that chronic TiO₂ exposure may disturb homeostasis of the gastrointestinal tract by increasing gut permeability, inducing gut inflammation, and increasing the likelihood of microbial infection. Adults have a wide range of ingested TiO₂,which span two to three orders of magnitude, with a small portion of individuals consuming near gram quantities of TiO2/day. However, research on the health effects of chronic ingestion of TiO2/E171 in humans is limited. We hypothesized that regularly ingested TiO2/E171 is associated with increased gut inflammation and gut permeability in healthy adults. We tested this hypothesis in a cross-sectional design by measuring clinically established stool markers of gut inflammation (calprotectin, lactoferrin) and gut permeability (alpha-1 antitrypsin; A1AT) in 35 healthy adults, and comparing these markers between relatively high and low TiO2 exposure groups. Participants were stratified by TiO2 stool content (high dry stool TiO2 content: 0.95–9.92 μg/mg, <em>n</em> = 20; low content: 0.01–0.04 μg/mg; <em>n</em> = 15). Differences in gut health markers were tested between high and low exposure groups by independent samples <em>t</em>-test or Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> test. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the association between TiO2 in dry stool and measured stool alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT). Participants in the high stool TiO2 group had greater stool A1AT (42.7 ± 21.6 mg/dL; median: 38.3; range: 1.0–49.2 mg/dL), compared to the low TiO2 group (22.8 ± 13.6 mg/dL; median: 20.9; range: 8.7–93.0 mg/dL), <em>P</em> = 0.003. There was also greater stool calprotectin in the high TiO₂ group (51.4 ± 48.6 μg/g; median 29.2 μg/g; range: 15.3–199.0 μg/g) than in the low group (47.5 ± 63.3 μg/g; median 18.8 μg/g; range: 1.6–198.1 μg/g), <em>P</em> = 0.04. No clear difference was observed for lactoferrin (high TiO2 group 1.6 ± 2.1 μg/g; median: 0.68 μg/g; range: 0.01–7.7 μg/g, low TiO2 group: 1.3 ± 2.6 μg/g; median: 0.2; range: 0.01–7.6 μg/g) (<em>P</em> = 0.15). A1AT concentration was positively associated with stool TiO2, after adjusting for confounders (β ± SE: 19.6 ± 7.2; <em>P</em> = 0.01) R² = 0.38). Community dwelling, healthy adults with the highest TiO2 stool content had higher stool A1AT and calprotectin, compared to those with the lowest TiO₂ stool content. Ongoing research is needed to validate these observations in larger groups, and to determine the long-term effects of ingested TiO₂ on human gut health, using these and additional health endpoints.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139876317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}