NanoImpact最新文献

{"title":"Critical aspects in occupational exposure assessment with different aerosol metrics in an industrial spray coating process","authors":"Franco Belosi ,&nbsp;Antti Joonas Koivisto ,&nbsp;Irini Furxhi ,&nbsp;Jesús Lopez de Ipiña ,&nbsp;Alessia Nicosia ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Ravegnani ,&nbsp;Simona Ortelli ,&nbsp;Ilaria Zanoni ,&nbsp;Anna Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs) have several uses in various industrial fields and are embedded in a myriad of consumer products. However, there is continued concern over the potential adverse health effects and environmental impacts of ENMs due to their unique physico-chemical characteristics. Currently, there are no specific international regulations for various ENMs. There are also no Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL) regulated by the European Union (EU) for nanomaterials in the form of nano-objects, their aggregates or agglomerates (NOAA). For ENMs the question of which metric to be used (i.e., mass, surface area, number concentrations) to determine the exposure is still not resolved. The aim of this work is to assess the worker exposure by inhalation in an industrial spray coating process by using all three metrics mentioned above. Two target ENMs (N-doped TiO₂, TiO₂N and AgNPs capped with a quaternized hydroxyethyl-cellulose, AgHEC) generated for industrial-scale spraying processes were considered. Results showed that the averaged particle number concentration (10–100 nm) was below 2.7 10⁴ cm⁻³ for both materials. The Lung Deposited Surface Area (LDSA) was in the range between 73 and 98 μm²cm⁻³ and the particle mass concentration (obtained by means of ICP-EOS off-line analysis) resulted below 70 μg m⁻³ and 0.4 μg m⁻³ for TiO₂ and Ag, respectively. Although, the airborne particles concentration compared well with the NIOSH Recommended Exposure Level (REL) limits the contribution to the background, according to EN 17058 (Annex E) was significant (particularly in the particle number and PM1 mass concentrations). We successfully evaluated the worker exposure by means of the different airborne particles' metrics (number, surface and mass concentrations). We concluded that worker exposure assessment involving ENMs is a complex procedure with requires both real time and off-line measurements and a deep investigation of the background.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100459"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9580493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TiO2 nanoparticles' library toxicity (UV and non-UV exposure) – High-throughput in vivo transcriptomics reveals mechanisms","authors":"Susana I.L. Gomes ,&nbsp;Carlos P. Roca ,&nbsp;Suman Pokhrel ,&nbsp;Lutz Mädler ,&nbsp;Janeck J. Scott-Fordsmand ,&nbsp;Mónica J.B. Amorim","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.impact.2023.100458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The hazards of nanomaterials/nanoparticles (NMs/NPs) are mostly assessed using individual NMs, and a more systematic approach, using many NMs, is needed to evaluate its risks in the environment. Libraries of NMs, with a range of identified different but related characters/descriptors allow the comparison of effects across many NMs. The effects of a custom designed Fe-doped TiO₂ NMs library containing 11 NMs was assessed on the soil model <em>Enchytraeus crypticus</em> (Oligochaeta), both with and without UV (standard fluorescent) radiation. Effects were analyzed at organism (phenotypic, survival and reproduction) and gene expression level (transcriptomics, high-throughput 4x44K microarray) to understand the underlying mechanisms. A total of 48 microarrays (20 test conditions) were done plus controls (UV and non-UV). Unique mechanisms induced by TiO₂ NPs exposure included the impairment in RNA processing for TiO₂_10nm, or deregulated apoptosis for 2%FeTiO₂_10nm. Strikingly apparent was the size dependent effects such as induction of reproductive effects via smaller TiO₂ NPs (≤12 nm) - embryo interaction, while larger particles (27 nm) caused reproductive effects through different mechanisms. Also, phagocytosis was affected by 12 and 27 nm NPs, but not by ≤11 nm. The organism level study shows the integrated response, i.e. the result after a cascade of events. While uni-cell models offer key mechanistic information, we here deliver a combined biological system level (phenotype and genotype), seldom available, especially for environmental models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100458"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50201031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localisation and identification of polystyrene particles in tissue sections using Raman spectroscopic imaging","authors":"Jasmin Kniese ,&nbsp;Sven Ritschar ,&nbsp;Lina Bünger ,&nbsp;Heike Feldhaar ,&nbsp;Christian Laforsch ,&nbsp;Andreas Römpp ,&nbsp;Heinar Schmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The uptake of microplastic particles (MPP) by organisms is frequently described and poses a potential risk for these organisms and ultimately for humans either through direct uptake or trophic transfer. Currently, the in-situ detection of MPP in organisms is typically based on histological examination of tissue sections after uptake of fluorescently-labelled MPP and is thus not feasible for environmental samples. The alternative approach is purification of MPP from whole organisms or organs by chemical digestion and subsequent spectroscopic detection (FT-IR or Raman). While this approach is feasible for un-labelled particles it goes along with loss of any spatial information related to the location in the tissue. In our study we aimed at providing a workflow for the localisation and identification of non-fluorescent and fluorescent polystyrene (PS) particles (fragments, size range 2–130 μm) in tissue sections of the model organism <em>Eisenia fetida</em> with Raman spectroscopic imaging (RSI). We provide methodological approaches for the preparation of the samples, technical parameters for the RSI measurements and data analysis for PS differentiation in tissue sections. The developed approaches were combined in a workflow for the in-situ analysis of MPP in tissue sections. The spectroscopic analysis requires differentiation of spectra of MPP and interfering compounds, which is challenging given the complexity of tissue. Therefore, a classification algorithm was developed to differentiate PS particles from haem, intestinal contents and surrounding tissue. It allows the differentiation of PS particles from protein in the tissue of <em>E. fetida</em> with an accuracy of 95%. The smallest PS particle detected in the tissue was 2 μm in diameter. We show that it is possible to localise and identify non-fluorescent and fluorescent ingested PS particles directly in tissue sections of <em>E. fetida</em> in the gut lumen and the adjacent tissue.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100465"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9945599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene oxide exposure alters gut microbial community composition and metabolism in an in vitro human model","authors":"Sneha P. Couvillion ,&nbsp;Robert E. Danczak ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiong Cao ,&nbsp;Qin Yang ,&nbsp;Tharushi P. Keerthisinghe ,&nbsp;Ryan S. McClure ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Bitounis ,&nbsp;Meagan C. Burnet ,&nbsp;Sarah J. Fansler ,&nbsp;Rachel E. Richardson ,&nbsp;Mingliang Fang ,&nbsp;Wei-Jun Qian ,&nbsp;Philip Demokritou ,&nbsp;Brian D. Thrall","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Graphene oxide (GO) nanomaterials have unique physicochemical properties that make them highly promising for biomedical, environmental, and agricultural applications.</p><p>There is growing interest in the use of GO and extensive <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> studies have been conducted to assess its nanotoxicity. Although it is known that GO can alter the composition of the gut microbiota in mice and zebrafish, studies on the potential impacts of GO on the human gut microbiome are largely lacking. This study addresses an important knowledge gap by investigating the impact of GO exposure- at low (25 mg/L) and high (250 mg/L) doses under both fed (nutrient rich) and fasted (nutrient deplete) conditions- on the gut microbial communitys' structure and function, using an <em>in vitro</em> model. This model includes simulated oral, gastric, small intestinal phase digestion of GO followed by incubation in a colon bioreactor. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed that GO exposure resulted in a restructuring of community composition. 25 mg/L GO induced a marked decrease in the Bacteroidota phylum and increased the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidota (F/B). Untargeted metabolomics on the supernatants indicated that 25 mg/L GO impaired microbial utilization and metabolism of substrates (amino acids, carbohydrate metabolites) and reduced production of beneficial microbial metabolites such as 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid and GABA. Exposure to 250 mg/L GO resulted in community composition and metabolome profiles that were very similar to the controls that lacked both GO and digestive enzymes. Differential abundance analyses revealed that 3 genera from the phylum Bacteroidota (<em>Bacteroides</em>, <em>Dysgonomonas</em>, and <em>Parabacteroides</em>) were more abundant after 250 mg/L GO exposure, irrespective of feed state. Integrative correlation network analysis indicated that the phylum Bacteroidota showed strong positive correlations to multiple microbial metabolites including GABA and 3-indoleacetic acid, are much larger number of correlations compared to other phyla. These results show that GO exposure has a significant impact on gut microbial community composition and metabolism at both low and high GO concentrations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100463"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9643046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of common polymers using hyphenated TGA-FTIR-GC/MS and Raman spectroscopy towards a database for micro- and nanoplastics identification, characterization, and quantitation","authors":"Sungyoon Jung,&nbsp;Achyut J. Raghavendra,&nbsp;Anil K. Patri","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Environmental contamination by micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) is well documented with potential for their increased accumulation globally. Growing public concern over environmental, ecological, and human exposure to MNPs has led to exponential increase in publications, news articles, and reports (<span>Casillas et al., 2023</span>). Significant knowledge gap exists in standardized analytical methods for the identification and quantification of MNPs from real world environmental samples. Here, we report comprehensive datasets utilizing thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) coupled to a Fourier transformed infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and a gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) with corresponding Raman spectral data for the most common polymers documented to be present in the environment (35 plastics of 12 polymer types), to serve as a base line reference for the identification and quantitation of MNPs. Various parameters for TGA-FTIR-GC/MS data acquisition were optimized. Commercial consumer plastic product compositions were identified using this analytical database. Case studies to showcase the utility of the method for polymer mixtures analysis is included. This dataset would serve towards the development of a collaborative, global, comprehensive, and curated public database for the identification of various MNPs and mixtures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100467"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9591112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term exposure of molybdenum disulfide nanosheets leads to hepatic lipid accumulation and atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice","authors":"Ziyi Yan ,&nbsp;Zixuan Liu ,&nbsp;Bingwei Yang ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Zhu ,&nbsp;Erqun Song ,&nbsp;Yang Song","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Before their large-scale applications, it is necessary to understand the biological effects of nanomaterials. Although two-dimensional nanomaterials (2D NMs) molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (MoS₂ NSs) are promising in biomedical fields, the current knowledge regarding their toxicities is inadequate. Using apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE^−/−) mice as a long-term exposure model, this study demonstrated that intravenous (<em>i.v.</em>) injection of MoS₂ NSs most accumulated in the liver and caused <em>in situ</em> hepatic damage. Histopathological examination indicated severe infiltration of inflammatory cells and irregular central veins in the MoS₂ NSs-treated mouse liver. Meanwhile, the overwhelming expressions of inflammatory cytokines, dyslipidemia, and dysregulated hepatic lipid metabolism implied the potential vascular toxicity of MoS₂ NSs. Indeed, our result supported that MoS₂ NSs exposure is highly associated with atherosclerotic progression. This study provided the first line of evidence on the vascular toxicity of MoS₂ NSs, which remind scientists to pay attention to the rational use of MoS₂ NSs, especially in the biomedical fields.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100462"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9643038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicokinetics of Ag from Ag2S NP exposure in Tenebrio molitor and Porcellio scaber: Comparing single-species tests to indoor mesocosm experiments","authors":"Zahra Khodaparast ,&nbsp;Cornelis A.M. van Gestel ,&nbsp;Ana Rita R. Silva ,&nbsp;Geert Cornelis ,&nbsp;Elma Lahive ,&nbsp;Amaia Green Etxabe ,&nbsp;Claus Svendsen ,&nbsp;Marta Baccaro ,&nbsp;Nico van den Brink ,&nbsp;Neja Medvešček ,&nbsp;Sara Novak ,&nbsp;Anita Jemec Kokalj ,&nbsp;Damjana Drobne ,&nbsp;Kerstin Jurkschat ,&nbsp;Susana Loureiro","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.impact.2023.100454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Determining the potential for accumulation of Ag from Ag₂S NPs as an environmentally relevant form of AgNPs in different terrestrial organisms is an essential component of a realistic risk assessment of AgNP emissions to soils. The objectives of this study were first to determine the uptake kinetics of Ag in mealworms (<em>Tenebrio molitor</em>) and woodlice (<em>Porcellio scaber</em>) exposed to Ag₂S NPs in a mesocosm test, and second, to check if the obtained toxicokinetics could be predicted by single-species bioaccumulation tests. In the mesocosms, mealworms and woodlice were exposed together with plants and earthworms in soil columns spiked with 10 μg Ag g⁻¹ dry soil as Ag₂S NPs or AgNO₃. The total Ag concentrations in the biota were measured after 7, 14, and 28 days of exposure. A one-compartment model was used to calculate the Ag uptake and elimination rate constants. Ag from Ag₂S NPs appeared to be taken up by the mealworms with significantly different uptake rate constants in the mesocosm compared to single-species tests (<em>K</em>_<em>1</em> = 0.056 and 1.66 g dry soil g⁻¹ dry body weight day⁻¹, respectively), and a significant difference was found for the Ag bioaccumulation factor (BAF_k = 0.79 and 0.15 g dry soil g⁻¹ dry body weight, respectively). Woodlice did not accumulate Ag from Ag₂S NPs in both tests, but uptake from AgNO₃ was significantly slower in mesocosm than in single-species tests (<em>K</em>_<em>1</em> = 0.037 and 0.26 g dry soil g⁻¹ dry body weight day⁻¹, respectively). Our results are of high significance because they show that single-species tests may not be a good predictor for the Ag uptake in mealworms and woodlice in exposure systems having greater levels of biological complexity. Nevertheless, single-species tests could be used as a fast screening approach to assess the potential of a substance to accumulate in biota before more complex tests are conducted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100454"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50201193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The environmental fate of nanoplastics: What we know and what we need to know about aggregation","authors":"Alice Pradel ,&nbsp;Charlotte Catrouillet ,&nbsp;Julien Gigault","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The presence of nanoplastics in the environment has been proven. There is now an urgent need to determine how nanoplastics behave in the environment and to assess the risks they may pose. Here, we examine nanoplastic homo- and heteroaggregation, with a focus on environmentally relevant nanoplastic particle models. We made a systematic analysis of experimental studies, and ranked the environmental relevance of 377 different solution chemistries, and 163 different nanoplastic particle models. Since polymer latex spheres are not environmentally relevant (due to their monodisperse size, spherical shape, and smooth surface), their aggregation behavior in natural conditions is not transferable to nanoplastics. A few recent studies suggest that nanoplastic particle models that more closely mimic incidentally produced nanoplastics follow different homoaggregation pathways than latex sphere particle models. However, heteroaggregation of environmentally relevant nanoplastic particle models has seldom been studied. Despite this knowledge gap, the current evidence suggests that nanoplastics may be more sensitive to heteroaggregation than previously expected. We therefore provide an updated hypothesis about the likely environmental fate of nanoplastics. Our review demonstrates that it is essential to use environmentally relevant nanoplastic particle models, such as those produced with top-down methods, to avoid biased interpretations of the fate and impact of nanoplastics. Finally, it will be necessary to determine how the heteroaggregation kinetics of nanoplastics impact their settling rate to truly understand nanoplastics' fate and effect in the environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100453"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9312909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to variation in dissolution behavior among different nanoforms and its implication for grouping approaches in inhalation toxicity [NanoImpact 23 (2021) 100341]","authors":"Johannes G. Keller ,&nbsp;Michael Persson ,&nbsp;Philipp Müller ,&nbsp;Lan Ma-Hock ,&nbsp;Kai Werle ,&nbsp;Josje Arts ,&nbsp;Robert Landsiedel ,&nbsp;Wendel Wohlleben","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100455","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100455"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10836799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of nZnS vs. nZnO and ZnCl2 on mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] plant and Bradyrhizobium symbiosis: A life cycle study","authors":"Mala Thapa ,&nbsp;Raghunath Sadhukhan ,&nbsp;Abhishek Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Prasanta Kumar Biswas","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2022.100440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.impact.2022.100440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Scarce of knowledge of using Zinc (Zn) nanoparticles (NPs) to augment plant growth, Zn availability to plants and its potential toxicity warrants more NPs–plant life cycle studies. The main objectives of this study were to compare nano zinc sulphide (nZnS) with nano zinc oxide (nZnO) and ionic Zn i.e., ZnCl₂, as a source of Zn, as well as to establish physiological impact of NPs on growth, yield and symbiosis of mungbean [<em>Vigna radiata</em> (L<em>.</em>) R. Wilczek] plants at different concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg kg⁻¹ of soil). In this study, mungbean plants were grown for 60 days (life cycle study) in natural soil infested with <em>Bradyrhizobium</em>. Effects of Zn compounds (nZnS, nZnO and ZnCl₂) on plant height, dry biomass, number of nodules per plant, yield and fruit agronomical parameters along with micronutrient assessment were determined. Impact of Zn compounds on <em>Bradyrhizobium</em>–mungbean symbiosis was also unravelled. Results showed that both the NPs, (nZnS and nZnO) were more effective than ZnCl₂ in promoting growth and yield up to a critical concentration and above which phytotoxic effects were observed. Both the NPs were more effective than ZnCl₂ at increasing fruit Zn content also. Whereas, nZnS treatment was found to be better than nZnO in improving overall plant growth. <em>Bradyrhizobium</em>–mungbean symbiosis was not affected at lower NPs concentrations, while higher concentration revealed toxicity by damaging bacterial morphology and nodule formation. There was no nano specific toxicity found while, ZnCl₂ showed relatively more toxicity than both the NPs. The present investigation demonstrated the concept of nano-micronutrient as well as NPs phytotoxicity by understanding NPs–plant interactions in the soil environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100440"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50201211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}