NanoImpact最新文献

{"title":"A data reusability assessment in the nanosafety domain based on the NSDRA framework followed by an exploratory quantitative structure activity relationships (QSAR) modeling targeting cellular viability","authors":"Irini Furxhi , Egon Willighagen , Chris Evelo , Anna Costa , Davide Gardini , Ammar Ammar","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The current effort towards the digital transformation across multiple scientific domains requires data that is Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR). In addition to the FAIR data, what is required for the application of computational tools, such as Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSARs), is a sufficient data volume and the ability to merge sources into homogeneous digital assets. In the nanosafety domain there is a lack of FAIR available metadata.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>To address this challenge, we utilized 34 datasets from the nanosafety domain by exploiting the NanoSafety Data Reusability Assessment (NSDRA) framework, which allowed the annotation and assessment of dataset's reusability. From the framework's application results, eight datasets targeting the same endpoint (i.e. numerical cellular viability) were selected, processed and merged to test several hypothesis including universal versus nanogroup-specific QSAR models (metal oxide and nanotubes), and regression versus classification Machine Learning (ML) algorithms.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Universal regression and classification QSARs reached an 0.86 R<sup>2</sup> and 0.92 accuracy, respectively, for the test set. Nanogroup-specific regression models reached 0.88 R<sup>2</sup> for nanotubes test set followed by metal oxide (0.78). Nanogroup-specific classification models reached 0.99 accuracy for nanotubes test set, followed by metal oxide (0.91). Feature importance revealed different patterns depending on the dataset with common influential features including core size, exposure conditions and toxicological assay.</p><p>Even in the case where the available experimental knowledge was merged, the models still failed to correctly predict the outputs of an unseen dataset, revealing the cumbersome conundrum of scientific reproducibility in realistic applications of QSAR for nanosafety. To harness the full potential of computational tools and ensure their long-term applications, embracing FAIR data practices is imperative in driving the development of responsible QSAR models.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study reveals that the digitalization of nanosafety knowledge in a reproducible manner has a long way towards its successful pragmatic implementation. The workflow carried out in the study shows a promising approach to increase the FAIRness across all the elements of computational studies, from dataset's annotation, selection, merging to FAIR modeling reporting. This has significant implications for future research as it provides an example of how to utilize and report different tools available in the nanosafety knowledge system, while increasing the transparency of the results. One of the main benefits of this workflow is that it promotes data sharing and reuse, which is essential for advancing scientific knowledge by making data and metadata FAIR compliant. In addition, the increased transparen","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100475"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10133551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon nanomaterials are a superior soil amendment for sandy soils than biochar based on impacts on lettuce growth, physiology and soil biochemical quality","authors":"Jaya Nepal ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Xin ,&nbsp;Gabriel Maltais-Landry ,&nbsp;Wiqar Ahmad ,&nbsp;Jorge Pereira ,&nbsp;Swadeshmukul Santra ,&nbsp;Alan L. Wright ,&nbsp;Andy Ogram ,&nbsp;Peter J. Stofella ,&nbsp;Zhenli He","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A significant bottleneck of current agricultural systems remains the very low agronomic efficiency of conventional agrochemicals, particularly in sandy soils. Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have been proposed to address this inefficiency in sandy soils, which could potentially improve soil fertility and enhance crop growth and physiological processes. However, the effects of different rates of CNMs on crop physiological and soil biochemical quality in sandy soils must be compared to other carbon sources (e.g., biochar) before CNMs can be broadly used. To address this, a 70-day pot experiment was set up, growing lettuce under ten treatments: a negative control with no CNMs, biochar or fertilizer; a fertilizer-only control; three CNMs-only unfertilized treatments (CNMs at 200, 400 and 800 mg kg⁻¹ soil); two biochar treatments with fertilizer (biochar at 0.5% and 1% by soil mass + fertilizer); and three CNMs treatments with fertilizer (CNMs at 200, 400 and 800 mg kg⁻¹ soil + fertilizer). A novel amorphous, water-dispersible, and carboxyl-functionalized CNMs with pH of 5.5, zeta potential of −40.6 mV and primary particle diameter of 30–60 nm was used for this experiment. Compared to the fertilizer-only control, CNMs applied at low to medium levels (200–400 mg kg⁻¹) significantly increased lettuce shoot biomass (20–21%), total chlorophyll (23–27%), and fluorescence and photosynthetic activities (4–10%), which was associated with greater soil nutrient availability (N: 24–58%, K: 68–111%) and higher leaf tissue accumulation (N: 25–27%; K: 66%). Low to medium levels of CNMs also significantly increased soil biochemical properties, such as higher soil microbial biomass carbon (27–29%) and urease enzyme activity (34–44%) relative to fertilizer-only applications. In contrast, biochar (0.5%) increased lettuce biomass relative to fertilizer-only but had no significant effect on soil fertility and biological properties. These results suggest that CNMs at low to medium application rates are a superior carbon-based amendment relative to biochar in sandy soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100480"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10143879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological evaluation of therapeutically active zinc oxide nanoflowers in pre-clinical mouse model","authors":"Ayan Kumar Barui ,&nbsp;Vishnu Sravan Bollu ,&nbsp;Swapnali Londhe ,&nbsp;Shruti S. Deshpande ,&nbsp;Sourav Das ,&nbsp;Susheel Kumar Nethi ,&nbsp;Muntadher Mazin Abdulkareem Alabbasi ,&nbsp;Madhusudana Kuncha ,&nbsp;Jerald Mahesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Ramakrishna Sistla ,&nbsp;Sunil Misra ,&nbsp;Chitta Ranjan Patra","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Our earlier reports established that zinc oxide nanoflowers (ZONF) show significant pro-angiogenic properties, where reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide and MAPK-AKT-eNOS cell signaling axis play an essential task. Considering the significance of angiogenesis in healthcare, our research group has recently demonstrated the <em>in vivo</em> therapeutic application of ZONF (10 mg/kg b.w.) for treating peripheral artery disease. Moreover, based on the angio-neural crosstalk between vascular and neuronal systems, we have further demonstrated the neuritogenic and neuroprotective characteristics of pro-angiogenic nanoflowers (10 mg/kg b.w.) for the treatment of cerebral ischemia. However, it is crucial for a therapeutic material to be non-toxic for its practical clinical applications and therefore assessment of its <em>in vivo</em> toxicity and adverse effect is highly important. Herein, for the first time, we investigate a detailed nanotoxicology of therapeutically active ZONF in Swiss albino mice to evaluate their safety profile and comprehend their aspects for future clinical applications. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of ZONF was found to be 512.5 mg/kg b.w. which was employed for acute exposure (2 weeks), showing slight toxicity. However, sub-chronic (4 weeks) and long term chronic (8–12 weeks) studies of nanoflowers exhibited their non-toxic nature particularly at lower therapeutic doses (1–10 mg/kg b.w.). Additionally, in depth genotoxicity study revealed that lower therapeutic dose of ZONF (10 mg/kg b.w.) did not exhibit significant toxicity even in genetic level. Overall, the present nanotoxicology of ZONF suggests their high biocompatible nature at therapeutic dose, offering the basis of their future clinical applications in ischemic and other vascular diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100479"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10144682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptional response of Cu-deficient barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to foliar-applied nano-Cu: Molecular crosstalk between Cu loading into plants and changes in Cu homeostasis genes","authors":"Magdalena Kusiak ,&nbsp;Magdalena Sozoniuk ,&nbsp;Camille Larue ,&nbsp;Renato Grillo ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Kowalczyk ,&nbsp;Patryk Oleszczuk ,&nbsp;Izabela Jośko","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For safe and effective nutrient management, the cutting-edge approaches to plant fertilization are continuously developed. The aim of the study was to analyze the transcriptional response of barley suffering from Cu deficiency to foliar application of nanoparticulate Cu (nano-Cu) and its ionic form (CuSO₄) at 100 and 1000 mg L⁻¹ for the examination of their supplementing effect. The initial interactions of Cu-compounds with barley leaves were analyzed with spectroscopic (ICP-OES) and microscopic (SEM-EDS) methods. To determine Cu cellular status, the impact of Cu-compounds on the expression of genes involved in regulating Cu homeostasis (<em>PAA1</em>, <em>PAA2</em>, <em>RAN1</em>, <em>COPT5</em>), aquaporins (<em>NIP2.1</em>, <em>PIP1.1</em>, <em>TIP1.1</em>, <em>TIP1.2</em>) and antioxidant defense response (<em>SOD Cu<img>Zn</em>, <em>SOD F</em>e, <em>SOD Mn</em>, <em>CAT</em>) after 1 and 7 days of exposure was analyzed. Although Cu accumulation in plant leaves was detected overtime, the Cu content in leaves exposed to nano-Cu for 7 days was 44.5% lower than in CuSO₄ at 100 mg L⁻¹. However, nano-Cu aggregates remaining on the leaf surface indicated a potential difference between measured Cu content and the real Cu pool present in the plant. Our study revealed significant changes in the pattern of gene expression overtime depending on Cu-compound type and dose. Despite the initial puzzling patterns of gene expression, after 7 days all Cu transporters showed significant down-regulation under Cu-compounds exposure to prevent Cu excess in plant cells. Conversely, aquaporin gene expression was induced after 7 days, especially by nano-Cu and CuSO₄ at 100 mg L⁻¹ due to the stimulatory effect of low Cu doses. Our study revealed that the gradual release of Cu ions from nano-Cu at a lower rate provided a milder molecular response than CuSO₄. It might indicate that nano-Cu maintained better metal balance in plants than the conventional compounds, thus may be considered as a long-term supplier of Cu.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100472"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10142781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transferability and reproducibility of exposed air-liquid interface co-culture lung models","authors":"Hedwig M. Braakhuis ,&nbsp;Eric R. Gremmer ,&nbsp;Anne Bannuscher ,&nbsp;Barbara Drasler ,&nbsp;Sandeep Keshavan ,&nbsp;Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser ,&nbsp;Barbara Birk ,&nbsp;Andreas Verlohner ,&nbsp;Robert Landsiedel ,&nbsp;Kirsty Meldrum ,&nbsp;Shareen H. Doak ,&nbsp;Martin J.D. Clift ,&nbsp;Johanna Samulin Erdem ,&nbsp;Oda A.H. Foss ,&nbsp;Shanbeh Zienolddiny-Narui ,&nbsp;Tommaso Serchi ,&nbsp;Elisa Moschini ,&nbsp;Pamina Weber ,&nbsp;Sabina Burla ,&nbsp;Pramod Kumar ,&nbsp;Rob J. Vandebriel","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The establishment of reliable and robust <em>in vitro</em> models for hazard assessment, a prerequisite for moving away from animal testing, requires the evaluation of model transferability and reproducibility. Lung models that can be exposed <em>via</em> the air, by means of an air-liquid interface (ALI) are promising <em>in vitro</em> models for evaluating the safety of nanomaterials (NMs) after inhalation exposure. We performed an inter-laboratory comparison study to evaluate the transferability and reproducibility of a lung model consisting of the human bronchial cell line Calu-3 as a monoculture and, to increase the physiologic relevance of the model, also as a co-culture with macrophages (either derived from the THP-1 monocyte cell line or from human blood monocytes). The lung model was exposed to NMs using the VITROCELL® Cloud12 system at physiologically relevant dose levels.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, the results of the 7 participating laboratories are quite similar. After exposing Calu-3 alone and Calu-3 co-cultures with macrophages, no effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), quartz (DQ12) or titanium dioxide (TiO₂) NM-105 particles on the cell viability and barrier integrity were detected. LPS exposure induced moderate cytokine release in the Calu-3 monoculture, albeit not statistically significant in most labs. In the co-culture models, most laboratories showed that LPS can significantly induce cytokine release (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α). The exposure to quartz and TiO₂ particles did not induce a statistically significant increase in cytokine release in both cell models probably due to our relatively low deposited doses, which were inspired by <em>in vivo</em> dose levels. The intra- and inter-laboratory comparison study indicated acceptable interlaboratory variation for cell viability/toxicity (WST-1, LDH) and transepithelial electrical resistance, and relatively high inter-laboratory variation for cytokine production.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The transferability and reproducibility of a lung co-culture model and its exposure to aerosolized particles at the ALI were evaluated and recommendations were provided for performing inter-laboratory comparison studies. Although the results are promising, optimizations of the lung model (including more sensitive read-outs) and/or selection of higher deposited doses are needed to enhance its predictive value before it may be taken further towards a possible OECD guideline.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100466"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10143036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cocktail effects of emerging contaminants on zebrafish: Nanoplastics and the pharmaceutical diphenhydramine","authors":"Angela Barreto ,&nbsp;Joana Santos ,&nbsp;Vânia Calisto ,&nbsp;Luciana S. Rocha ,&nbsp;Mónica J.B. Amorim ,&nbsp;Vera L. Maria","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanoplastics (NPLs) became ubiquitous in the environment, from the air we breathe to the food we eat. One of the main concerns about the NPLs risks is their role as carrier of other environmental contaminants, potentially increasing their uptake, bioaccumulation and toxicity to the organisms. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to understand how the presence of polystyrene NPLs (∅ 44 nm) will influence the toxicity (synergism, additivity or antagonism) of the antihistamine diphenhydramine (DPH), towards zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>) embryos, when in dual mixtures. After 96 hours (h) exposure, at the organismal level, NPLs (0.015 or 1.5 mg/L) + DPH (10 mg/L) induced embryo mortality (90%) and malformations (100%) and decreased hatching (80%) and heartbeat rates (60%). After 120 h exposure, NPLs (0.015 or 1.5 mg/L) + DPH (0.01 mg/L) decreased larvae swimming distance (30–40%). At the biochemical level, increased glutathione S-transferases (55–122%) and cholinesterase (182–343%) activities were found after 96 h exposure to NPLs (0.015 or 1.5 mg/L) + DPH (0.01 mg/L). However, catalase (CAT) activity remained similar to the control group in the mixtures, inhibiting the effects detected after the exposure to 1.5 mg/L NPLs alone (increased 230% of CAT activity). In general, the effects of dual combination – NPLs + DPH (even at concentrations as low as 10 μg/L of DPH) – were more harmful than the correspondent individual exposures, showing the synergistic interactions of the dual mixture and answering to the main question of this work. The obtained results, namely the altered toxicity patterns of NPLs + DPH compared with the individual exposures, show the importance of an environmental risk assessment considering NPLs as a co-contaminant due to the potential NPLs role as vector for other contaminants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100456"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9588751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zn-Al layered double hydroxides induce embryo malformations and impair locomotion behavior in Danio rerio","authors":"Diana Carneiro ,&nbsp;Évila Pinheiro Damasceno ,&nbsp;Violeta Ferreira ,&nbsp;Ives Charlie-Silva ,&nbsp;João Tedim ,&nbsp;Frederico Maia ,&nbsp;Susana Loureiro ,&nbsp;Roberto Martins ,&nbsp;Maria D. Pavlaki","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are stimuli-responsive anionic nanoclays. The vast possibilities of using LDHs can lead to their existence in the ecosystem, raising a question of potential ecological concern. However, little is known about the effect of these nanomaterials on freshwater organisms. The present study aimed to assess the ecotoxicological effects of Zinc-Aluminium LDH-nitrate (Zn<img>Al LDH-NO₃) in zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>) early life stages. The endpoints measured were mortality, malformations and hatching rate after exposure of <em>D. rerio</em> embryos and larvae to Zn<img>Al LDH-NO₃ following the OECD 236 guideline. The behavioral, biochemical (markers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity), and molecular (at DNA level) alterations were also assessed using sub-lethal concentrations. No observable acute effects were detected up to 415.2 mg LDH/L while the 96 h-LC₅₀ was estimated as 559.9 mg/L. Tested LDH caused malformations in <em>D. rerio</em> embryos, such as pericardial edema, incomplete yolk sac absorption and tail deformities (96 h-EC₅₀ = 172.4 mg/L). During the dark periods, the locomotor behavior in zebrafish larvae was affected upon Zn<img>Al LDH-NO₃ exposure. However, no significant biochemical and molecular changes were recorded. The present findings suggest that Zn<img>Al LDH-NO₃ can be regarded as a non-toxic nanomaterial towards <em>D. rerio</em> (E/LC₅₀ &gt; &gt; 100 mg/L) although impairment of the locomotion behavior on zebrafish embryos can be expected at concentrations below 100 mg/L.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100457"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9580039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRAAC framework to improve regulatory acceptance and wider usability of tools and methods for safe innovation and sustainability of manufactured nanomaterials","authors":"Neeraj Shandilya ,&nbsp;Marie-Sophie Barreau ,&nbsp;Blanca Suarez-Merino ,&nbsp;Andrea Porcari ,&nbsp;Daniela Pimponi ,&nbsp;Keld Alstrup Jensen ,&nbsp;Wouter Fransman ,&nbsp;Remy Franken","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There has been an increasing use of advanced materials, particularly manufactured nanomaterials, in industrial applications and consumer products in the last two decades. It has instigated concerns about the sustainability, in particular, risks and uncertainties regarding the interactions of the manufactured nanomaterials with humans and the environment. Consequently, significant resources in Europe and beyond have been invested into the development of tools and methods to support risk mitigation and risk management, and thus facilitate the research and innovation process of manufactured nanomaterials. The level of risk analysis is increasing, including assessment of socio-economic impacts, and sustainability aspects, moving from a conventional risk-based approach to a wider safety-and-sustainability-by-design perspective. Despite these efforts on tools and methods development, the level of awareness and use of most of such tools and methods by stakeholders is still limited. Issues of regulatory compliance and acceptance, reliability and trust, user-friendliness and compatibility with the users' needs are some of the factors which have been traditionally known to hinder their widespread use. Therefore, a framework is presented to quantify the readiness of different tools and methods towards their wider regulatory acceptance and downstream use by different stakeholders. The framework diagnoses barriers which hinder regulatory acceptance and wider usability of a tool/method based on their Transparency, Reliability, Accessibility, Applicability and Completeness (TRAAC framework). Each TRAAC pillar consists of criteria which help in evaluating the overall quality of the tools and methods for their (i) compatibility with regulatory frameworks and (ii) usefulness and usability for end-users, through a calculated TRAAC score based on the assessment. Fourteen tools and methods were assessed using the TRAAC framework as proof-of-concept and for user variability testing. The results provide insights into any gaps, opportunities, and challenges in the context of each of the 5 pillars of the TRAAC framework. The framework could be, in principle, adapted and extended to the evaluation of other type of tools &amp; methods, even beyond the case of nanomaterials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100461"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10242441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9643034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained oral intake of nano-iron oxide perturbs the gut-liver axis","authors":"Jiangxue Li ,&nbsp;Liuxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Shilin Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Liang ,&nbsp;Yiming Zhang ,&nbsp;Yaling Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanomaterial have shown excellent properties in the food industry. Although iron oxides are often considered safe and widely used as food additives, the toxicity of nano‑iron oxide remains unclear. Here we established a subchronic exposure mouse model by gavage, tested the biodistribution of nano‑iron oxide, and explored the mechanism of liver injury caused by it through disturbance of the gut-liver axis. Oral intake of nano‑iron oxide will likely disrupt the small intestinal epithelial barrier, induce hepatic lipid metabolism disorders through the gut–liver axis, and cause hepatic damage accompanied with hepatic iron deposition. Nano‑iron oxide mainly caused hepatic lipid metabolism disorder by perturbing glycerophospholipid metabolism and the sphingolipid metabolism pathways, with the total abundance of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) tending to decrease while that of triglyceride tended to increase, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The imbalanced lipid homeostasis could cause damage via membrane disruption, lipid accumulation, and lipotoxicity. This data provides information about the subchronic toxicity of nano‑iron oxide, highlights the importance of gut-liver axis in the hepatotoxicity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100464"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9590581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different sizes of polystyrene micro(nano)plastics on soil microbial communities","authors":"Kwanyoung Ko ,&nbsp;Haegeun Chung ,&nbsp;Woong Kim ,&nbsp;Min-Ji Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2023.100460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Micro(nano)plastic (MNP) pollution in soil environments is a major concern, but the effects of different sizes of MNPs on soil microbial communities, which are crucial in nutrient cycling, has not been well investigated. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of polystyrene (PS) MNPs of different sizes (0.05-, 0.5-, and 5-μm) on soil microbial activity and community composition. Changes in inorganic N concentration, microbial biomass, and extracellular enzyme activities were determined in soils treated with 100 and 1000 μg PS MNPs g⁻¹ soil during a 40-d incubation experiment. Soil microbial biomass was significantly lowered when soils were treated with 0.5- or 5-μm MNPs at 100 and 1000 μg PS MNPs g⁻¹ soil. NH₄⁺ concentration was higher in soils treated with 5-μm MNPs at 100 and 1000 μg g⁻¹ soil than in the control soils at day 1, suggesting that MNPs inhibited the soil nitrification in short term. In contrast, extracellular enzyme activity was not altered by MNPs. The composition of microbial communities analyzed by Illumina MiSeq sequencing changed; particularly, the relative abundance of several bacteria related to N cycling, such as the genus <em>Rhizomicrobium</em> belonging to <em>Alphaproteobacteria</em> was decreased by 0.5- and 5-μm MNPs. Our study shows that the size of MNPs is an important factor that can determine their effects on soil microbial communities. Therefore, the size effects need to be considered in assessing the environmental impacts of MNPs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100460"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9961369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}