Molecular Breeding最新文献

{"title":"Loss of function of OsL1 gene cause early flowering in rice under short-day conditions","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11032-024-01444-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-024-01444-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract </h3> <p>Heading date is one of the important agronomic traits that affects rice yield. In this study, we cloned a new rice B3 family gene, <em>OsL1</em>, which regulates rice heading date. Importantly, <em>osl1-1</em> and <em>osl1-2</em>, two different types of mutants of <em>OsL1</em> were created using the gene editing technology CRISPR/Cas9 system and exhibited 4 days earlier heading date than that of the wild type under short-day conditions. Subsequently, the plants overexpressing <em>OsL1</em>, OE-OsL1, showed a 2-day later heading date than the wild type in Changsha and a 5-day later heading date in Lingshui, but there was no significant difference in other yield traits. Moreover, the results of subcellular localization study indicated that OsL1 protein was located in the nucleus and the expression pattern analysis showed that <em>OsL1</em> gene was expressed in rice roots, stems, leaves, and panicles, and the expression level was higher at the root and weak green panicle. In addition, the <em>OsL1</em> gene was mainly expressed at night time under short-light conditions. The transcriptomic analysis indicated that <em>OsL1</em> might be involved in the <em>Hd1-Hd3a</em> pathway function. Together, our results revealed that the cloning and functional analysis of <em>OsL1</em> can provide new strategy for molecular design breeding of rice with suitable fertility period.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the WNK kinase gene family in soybean","authors":"Bohong Su, Tianli Ge, Yuhang Zhang, Jianhao Wang, Fan Wang, Tu Feng, Baohui Liu, Fanjiang Kong, Zhihui Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11032-024-01440-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-024-01440-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>WNK kinases are a unique class of serine/threonine protein kinases that lack a conserved catalytic lysine residue in the kinase domain, hence the name WNK (with no K, i.e., lysine). WNK kinases are involved in various physiological processes in plants, such as circadian rhythm, flowering time, and stress responses. In this study, we identified 26 <i>WNK</i> genes in soybean and analyzed their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, chromosomal distribution, <i>cis</i>-regulatory elements, expression patterns, and conserved protein motifs. The soybean <i>WNK</i> genes were unevenly distributed on 15 chromosomes and underwent 21 segmental duplication events during evolution. We detected 14 types of <i>cis</i>-regulatory elements in the promoters of the <i>WNK</i> genes, indicating their potential involvement in different signaling pathways. The transcriptome database revealed tissue-specific and salt stress-responsive expression of <i>WNK</i> genes in soybean, the second of which was confirmed by salt treatments and qRT-PCR analysis. We found that most <i>WNK</i> genes were significantly up-regulated by salt stress within 3 h in both roots and leaves, except for <i>WNK5</i>, which showed a distinct expression pattern. Our findings provide valuable insights into the molecular characteristics and evolutionary history of the soybean <i>WNK</i> gene family and lay a foundation for further analysis of <i>WNK</i> gene functions in soybean.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel variation of <i>TaGW2-6B</i> increases grain weight without penalty in grain protein content in wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.).","authors":"Chan Bi, Chaoxiong Wei, Jinghui Li, Shaozhe Wen, Huanhuan Zhao, Jiazheng Yu, Xintian Shi, Yuan Zhang, Qiaofeng Liu, Yufeng Zhang, Baoyun Li, Mingshan You","doi":"10.1007/s11032-024-01455-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11032-024-01455-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yield and quality are two crucial breeding objects of wheat therein grain weight and grain protein content (GPC) are two key relevant factors correspondingly. Investigations of their genetic mechanisms represent special significance for breeding. In this study, 199 F₂ plants and corresponding F_2:3 families derived from Nongda3753 (ND3753) and its EMS-generated mutant 564 (M564) were used to investigate the genetic basis of larger grain and higher GPC of M564. QTL analysis identified a total of 33 environmentally stable QTLs related to thousand grain weight (TGW), grain area (GA), grain circle (GC), grain length (GL), grain width (GW), and GPC on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, 4D, 6B, and 7D, respectively, among which <i>QGw.cau-6B.1</i>, <i>QTgw.cau-6B.1</i>, <i>QGa.cau-6B.1</i>, and <i>QGc.cau-6B.1</i> shared overlap confidence interval on chromosome 6B. This interval contained the <i>TaGW2</i> gene playing the same role as the QTLs, so <i>TaGW2-6B</i> was cloned and sequenced. Sequence alignment revealed two G/A SNPs between two parents, among which the SNP in the seventh exon led to a premature termination in M564. A KASP marker was developed based on the SNP, and single-marker analysis on biparental populations showed that the mutant allele could significantly increase GW and TGW, but had no effect on GPC. Distribution detection of the mutant allele through KASP marker genotyping and sequence alignment against databases ascertained that no materials harbored this allele within natural populations. This allele was subsequently introduced into three different varieties through molecular marker-assisted backcrossing, and it was revealed that the allele had a significant effect on simultaneously increasing GW, TGW, and even GPC in all of three backgrounds. Summing up the above, it could be concluded that a novel elite allele of <i>TaGW2-6B</i> was artificially created and might play an important role in wheat breeding for high yield and quality.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01455-y.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"44 2","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10864231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics assists genomic prediction of maize yield with machine learning approaches.","authors":"Chengxiu Wu, Jingyun Luo, Yingjie Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s11032-024-01454-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11032-024-01454-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the improvement of high-throughput technologies in recent years, large multi-dimensional plant omics data have been produced, and big-data-driven yield prediction research has received increasing attention. Machine learning offers promising computational and analytical solutions to interpret the biological meaning of large amounts of data in crops. In this study, we utilized multi-omics datasets from 156 maize recombinant inbred lines, containing 2496 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 46 image traits (i-traits) from 16 developmental stages obtained through an automatic phenotyping platform, and 133 primary metabolites. Based on benchmark tests with different types of prediction models, some machine learning methods, such as Partial Least Squares (PLS), Random Forest (RF), and Gaussian process with Radial basis function kernel (GaussprRadial), achieved better prediction for maize yield, albeit slight difference for method preferences among i-traits, genomic, and metabolic data. We found that better yield prediction may be caused by various capabilities in ranking and filtering data features, which is found to be linked with biological meaning such as photosynthesis-related or kernel development-related regulations. Finally, by integrating multiple omics data with the RF machine learning approach, we can further improve the prediction accuracy of grain yield from 0.32 to 0.43. Our research provides new ideas for the application of plant omics data and artificial intelligence approaches to facilitate crop genetic improvements.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01454-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"44 2","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10853138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139723404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of parthenocarpic tomato plants in multiple elite cultivars using the CRISPR/Cas9 system","authors":"Cam Chau Nguyen, Tien Van Vu, Rahul Mahadev Shelake, Nhan Thi Nguyen, Tran Dang Khanh, Woe-Yeon Kim, Jae-Yean Kim","doi":"10.1007/s11032-024-01452-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-024-01452-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) is one of the most important crops in the world for its fruit production. Advances in cutting-edge techniques have enabled the development of numerous critical traits related to the quality and quantity of tomatoes. Genetic engineering techniques, such as gene transformation and gene editing, have emerged as powerful tools for generating new plant varieties with superior traits. In this study, we induced parthenocarpic traits in a population of elite tomato (ET) lines. At first, the adaptability of ET lines to genetic transformation was evaluated to identify the best-performing lines by transforming the <i>SlANT1</i> gene overexpression cassette and then later used to produce the <i>SlIAA9</i> knockout lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. ET5 and ET8 emerged as excellent materials for these techniques and showed higher efficiency. Typical phenotypes of knockout <i>sliaa9</i> were clearly visible in G0 and G1 plants, in which simple leaves and parthenocarpic fruits were observed. The high efficiency of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in developing new tomato varieties with desired traits in a short period was demonstrated by generating T-DNA-free homozygous <i>sliaa9</i> knockout plants in the G1 generation. Additionally, a simple artificial fertilization method was successfully applied to recover seed production from parthenocarpic plants, securing the use of these varieties as breeding materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"104 ( Pt 2) 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139663047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strigolactone and abscisic acid synthesis and signaling pathways are enhanced in the wheat oligo-tillering mutant ot1","authors":"Jiaxing Bai, Huijun Guo, Hongchun Xiong, Yongdun Xie, Jiayu Gu, Linshu Zhao, Shirong Zhao, Yuping Ding, Luxiang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11032-024-01450-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-024-01450-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tiller number greatly contributes to grain yield in wheat. Using ethylmethanesulfonate mutagenesis, we previously discovered the oligo-tillering mutant <i>ot1</i>. The tiller number was significantly lower in <i>ot1</i> than in the corresponding wild type from the early tillering stage until the heading stage. Compared to the wild type, the thousand-grain weight and grain length were increased by 15.41% and 31.44%, respectively, whereas the plant height and spike length were decreased by 26.13% and 37.25%, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis was conducted at the regreening and jointing stages to identify differential expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment analysis with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) databases showed differential expression of genes associated with ADP binding, transmembrane transport, and transcriptional regulation during tiller development. Differences in tiller number in <i>ot1</i> led to the upregulation of genes in the strigolactone (SL) and abscisic acid (ABA) pathways. Specifically, the SL biosynthesis genes <i>DWARF</i> (<i>D27</i>), <i>D17</i>, <i>D10</i>, and <i>MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 1</i> (<i>MAX1</i>) were upregulated by 3.37- to 8.23-fold; the SL signal transduction genes <i>D14</i> and <i>D53</i> were upregulated by 1.81- and 1.32-fold, respectively; the ABA biosynthesis genes <i>9</i>-<i>CIS</i>-<i>EPOXICAROTENOID DIOXIGENASE 3</i> (<i>NCED3</i>) and <i>NCED5</i> were upregulated by 1.66- and 3.4-fold, respectively; and <i>SNF1-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASE2</i> (<i>SnRK2</i>) and <i>PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2C</i> (<i>PP2C</i>) genes were upregulated by 1.30- to 4.79-fold. This suggested that the tiller number reduction in <i>ot1</i> was due to alterations in plant hormone pathways. Genes known to promote tillering growth were upregulated, whereas those known to inhibit tillering growth were downregulated. For example, <i>PIN-FORMED 9</i> (<i>PIN9</i>), which promotes tiller development, was upregulated by 8.23-fold in <i>ot1</i>; <i>Ideal Plant Architecture 1</i> (<i>IPA1</i>), which inhibits tiller development, was downregulated by 1.74-fold. There were no significant differences in the expression levels of <i>TILLER NUMBER 1</i> (<i>TN1</i>) or <i>TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1</i> (<i>TB1</i>), indicating that the tiller reduction in <i>ot1</i> was not controlled by known genes. Our findings provide valuable data for subsequent research into the genetic bases and regulatory mechanisms of wheat tillering.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139663050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of qGL4.1 and qGL4.2, two closely linked QTL controlling grain length in rice","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11032-024-01447-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-024-01447-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Grain size is an important appearance quality trait in rice, which also affects grain yield. In this study, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between <em>indica</em> variety 9311 and <em>japonica</em> variety Cypress was constructed. And 181 out of 600 RILs were sequenced, and a high-density genetic map containing 2842 bin markers was constructed, with a total map length of 1500.6 cM. A total of 10 quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to grain length (GL), grain width (GW), grain length-to-width ratio (LWR), and 1000-grain weight (TGW) were detected under two environments. The genetic effect of <em>qGL4</em>, a minor QTL for GL and TGW, was validated using three heterogeneous inbred family (HIF) segregation populations. It was further dissected into two closed linked QTL, <em>qGL4.1</em> and <em>qGL4.2</em>. By progeny testing, <em>qGL4.1</em> and <em>qGL4.2</em> were successfully delimited to intervals of 1304-kb and 423-kb, respectively. Our results lay the foundation for the map-based cloning of <em>qGL4.1</em> and <em>qGL4.2</em> and provide new gene resources for the improvement of grain yield and quality in rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139646637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving linolenic acid content in rapeseed oil by overexpression of CsFAD2 and CsFAD3 genes","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11032-024-01445-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-024-01445-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>With the increasing public attention to the health benefit of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and demand for linolenic acid (C18:3), it is of great significance to increase the C18:3 content in our meal. As an oil crop with high content of C18:3, <em>Camelina sativa</em> has three homologous copies of <em>FAD2</em> and three homologous copies <em>FAD3</em>. In this study, we seed-specifically overexpressed two <em>Camelina sativa</em> fatty acid desaturase genes, <em>CsFAD2</em> and <em>CsFAD3</em>, in rapeseed cultivar Zhongshuang 9. The results show that C18:3 content in <em>CsFAD2</em> and <em>CsFAD3</em> overexpressed seeds is increased from 8.62% in wild-type (WT) to 10.62–12.95% and 14.54–26.16%, respectively. We crossed <em>CsFAD2</em> and <em>CsFAD3</em> overexpression lines, and stable homozygous digenic crossed lines were obtained. The C18:3 content was increased from 8.62% in WT to 28.46–53.57% in crossed overexpression lines. In addition, we found that the overexpression of <em>CsFAD2</em> and <em>CsFAD3</em> had no effect on rapeseed growth, development, and other agronomic traits. In conclusion, we successfully generated rapeseed germplasms with high C18:3 content by simultaneously overexpressing <em>CsFAD2</em> and <em>CsFAD3</em>, which provides a feasible way for breeding high C18:3 rapeseed cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139585689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breeding for durable resistance against biotrophic fungal pathogens using transgenes from wheat.","authors":"Marcela Camenzind, Teresa Koller, Cygni Armbruster, Esther Jung, Susanne Brunner, Gerhard Herren, Beat Keller","doi":"10.1007/s11032-024-01451-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11032-024-01451-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breeding for resistant crops is a sustainable way to control disease and relies on the introduction of novel resistance genes. Here, we tested three strategies on how to use transgenes from wheat to achieve durable resistance against fungal pathogens in the field. First, we tested the highly effective, overexpressed single transgene <i>Pm3e</i> in the background of spring wheat cultivar Bobwhite in a long-term field trial over many years. Together with previous results, this revealed that transgenic wheat line Pm3e#2 conferred complete powdery mildew resistance during a total of nine field seasons without a negative impact on yield. Furthermore, overexpressed <i>Pm3e</i> provided resistance to powdery mildew isolates from our worldwide collection when crossed into the elite wheat cultivar Fiorina. Second, we pyramided the four overexpressed transgenes <i>Pm3a</i>, <i>Pm3b</i>, <i>Pm3d</i>, and <i>Pm3f</i> in the background of cultivar Bobwhite and showed that the pyramided line Pm3a,b,d,f was completely resistant to powdery mildew in five field seasons. Third, we performed field trials with three barley lines expressing adult plant resistance gene <i>Lr34</i> from wheat during three field seasons. Line GLP8 expressed <i>Lr34</i> under control of the pathogen-inducible <i>Hv-Ger4c</i> promoter and provided partial barley powdery mildew and leaf rust resistance in the field with small, negative effects on yield components which might need compensatory breeding. Overall, our study demonstrates and discusses three successful strategies for achieving fungal disease resistance of wheat and barley in the field using transgenes from wheat. These strategies might confer long-term resistance if applied in a sustainable way.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01451-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"44 2","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10803697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139541099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A chromosome arm from <i>Thinopyrum intermedium</i> × <i>Thinopyrum ponticum</i> hybrid confers increased tillering and yield potential in wheat.","authors":"Edina Türkösi, Éva Szakács, László Ivanizs, András Farkas, Eszter Gaál, Mahmoud Said, Éva Darkó, Mónika Cséplő, Péter Mikó, Jaroslav Doležel, Márta Molnár-Láng, István Molnár, Klaudia Kruppa","doi":"10.1007/s11032-024-01439-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11032-024-01439-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tiller number is a key component of wheat plant architecture having a direct impact on grain yield. Because of their viability, biotic resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance, wild relative species are a valuable gene source for increasing wheat genetic diversity, including yield potential. <i>Agropyron glael</i>, a perennial hybrid of <i>Thinopyrum intermedium</i> and <i>Th. ponticum</i>, was created in the 1930s. Recent genome analyses identified five evolutionarily distinct subgenomes (J, J^st, J^vs, J^r, and St), making <i>A. glael</i> an important gene source for transferring useful agronomical traits into wheat. During a bread wheat × <i>A. glael</i> crossing program, a genetically stable translocation line, WT153397, was developed. Sequential <i>in situ</i> hybridizations (McGISH) with J-, St-, and D-genomic DNA probes and pSc119.2, Afa family, pTa71, and (GAA)₇ DNA repeats, as well as molecular markers specific for the wheat 6D chromosome, revealed the presence of a 6DS.6J^vs Robertsonian translocation in the genetic line. Field trials in low-input and high-input breeding nurseries over four growing seasons demonstrated the <i>Agropyron</i> chromosome arm's high compensating ability for the missing 6DL, as spike morphology and fertility of WT153397 did not differ significantly from those of wheat parents, Mv9kr1 and 'Mv Karizma.' Moreover, the introgressed 6J^vs chromosome arm significantly increased the number of productive tillers, resulting in a significantly higher grain yield potential compared to the parental wheat cultivars. The translocated chromosome could be highly purified by flow cytometric sorting due to the intense fluorescent labeling of (GAA)₇ clusters on the <i>Thinopyrum</i> chromosome arm, providing an opportunity to use chromosome genomics to identify <i>Agropyron</i> gene variant(s) responsible for the tillering capacity. The translocation line WT153397 is an important genetic stock for functional genetic studies of tiller formation and useful breeding material for increasing wheat yield potential. The study also discusses the use of the translocation line in wheat breeding.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01439-y.</p>","PeriodicalId":18769,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Breeding","volume":"44 2","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10803699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139541092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}