Molecular Imaging and Biology最新文献

{"title":"[⁶⁴Cu]CuCl₂ as a Novel Metabolic Marker of Progression and Survival in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.","authors":"Francesco Fiz, Gianluca Bottoni, Monica Boitano, Martina Ugolini, Giulia Rosari, Giulia Magistrali, Michela Massollo, Massimiliano Iacozzi, Laura Tomasello, Fabio Campodonico, Diego Cecchin, Carlo Luigi Augusto Negro, Stefano Panareo, Luca Timossi, Giacomo Vallome, Giorgio Treglia, Carlo Introini, Arnoldo Piccardo","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02135-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02135-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (miBC) is an aggressive malignancy that can be visualised with [⁶⁴Cu]Copper-dichloride ([⁶⁴Cu]CuCl₂) PET/CT, due to the increased copper avidity of this cancer. Moreover, [⁶⁴Cu]CuCl₂ could also show a predictive role in patients undergoing platinum-based chemotherapy, since both metals enter the cell via the same transporter, CTR-1. In this study, we tested the prognostic and predictive power of [⁶⁴Cu]CuCl₂ PET/CT in miBC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients with available [⁶⁴Cu]CuCl₂ PET/CT images and follow-up data were included in the study. Volumes-of-interest (VOIs) were drawn on the primary tumour, nodal metastases, and distant metastases; their sum was defined as the whole-body tumour volume. From these VOIs, SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVmin, Volume, and total lesion copper uptake (TLC) were extracted. These parameters were compared with progression-free survival (PFS), disease-specific survival (DSS) and chemotherapy response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty patients (six women) were included. SUVmean of the primary (p < 0.05), as well as its SUVmax, volume, and TLC (p < 0.01), were higher in patients with disease progression and in those who died of disease. Whole-body tumour volume (p = 0.001) and the presence of metastases (p = 0.024) were independent predictors of PFS; whole-body tumour volume was the only parameter with borderline significance in the DSS model (p = 0.067). Patients progressing under chemotherapy had a higher whole-body tumour volume and TLC (p < 0.05) than those who didn't.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>[⁶⁴Cu]CuCl₂ can assess the presence of miBC within the bladder and at remote localisations, providing an accurate estimate of the disease burden at the time of examination, which, in turn, enables prognostic assessment in these patients. Moreover, rather than being a predictor of platinum-based chemotherapy effectiveness, copper uptake signals tumour aggressiveness and resistance to this systemic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue FDG Uptake is Associated with Systemic Inflammatory Indices Independent of Primary-Tumor Metabolic Burden in Breast Cancer.","authors":"Mehmet Tarık Tatoğlu, İlker Nihat Ökten, Ebru İbişoğlu, Tuçe Akkurt Söylemez, Hatice Uslu, Ferda Yerdelen Tatoğlu","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02138-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-026-02138-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Adipose tissue may contribute to systemic inflammation in breast cancer. This study evaluated whether visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) uptakes on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) are associated with inflammatory indices after adjustment for PET-derived tumor metabolic burden and whether metastatic status modifies these associations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this retrospective single-center cohort (n = 358) undergoing baseline [18F]FDG PET/CT, metastatic status was defined using an internal three-level clinical stage grouping: early-stage or locally advanced disease was classified as M0 and metastatic disease was classified as MET. VAT and SAT FDG uptakes were quantified as z-scored mean standardized uptake values normalized to lean body mass (SULmean) using the James lean body mass equation. Inflammatory indices from complete blood counts were log-transformed. Prespecified linear regression models with heteroskedasticity-consistent type 3 (HC3) robust standard errors were adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose, stage, molecular subtype, and PET-derived primary-tumor metabolic burden metrics. Effect modification was tested via exposure × MET interaction. Sensitivity analyses used total-body tumor burden metrics in MET and recalculated SUL using the Janmahasatian lean body mass equation; overall survival (OS) was explored with Cox models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 358 patients, 284 (79.3%) were M0 and 74 (20.7%) were MET. In M0 (complete-case n = 267), higher SAT uptake was independently associated with higher log-transformed neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (log(NLR)) (β = 0.0798; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.0130-0.1466; p = 0.019). In pooled interaction models (n = 323), SAT remained associated with log(NLR) (β = 0.0892; 95% CI 0.0196-0.1588; p = 0.012; ≈9% higher NLR per 1-standard deviation (SD)), with no evidence of effect modification by metastatic status (SAT × MET interaction p = 0.594). Results were consistent after total-body tumor-burden adjustment in MET and after recalculation of SUL using the Janmahasatian lean body mass equation. SAT was not significantly associated with OS (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.086; 95% CI 0.864-1.364; p = 0.481; n = 346).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher SAT FDG uptake was modestly associated with higher NLR independent of tumor metabolic burden, with no evidence of heterogeneity by metastatic status. These findings suggest a potential tissue-specific imaging correlate of host inflammatory phenotype rather than a stand-alone clinical biomarker. Sensitivity and survival analyses remain hypothesis-generating and require external validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148875005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of ¹¹C-HED PET/CT with ¹⁸F-FDG and ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT for Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma.","authors":"Haonan Yu, Xiangyuan Bao, Qiusong Chen, Shaobo Yao","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02132-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02132-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Evaluate the diagnostic performance of ¹¹C-HED PET/CT in patients with suspected pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL), and compare with ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A single-center retrospective study consecutively enrolled 113 patients with suspected PPGL. Diagnostic performance, semi-quantitative parameter values, and 5-point Likert scores were compared. Immunohistochemical staining for norepinephrine transporter (NET) and somatostatin receptor (SSTR) was performed, and the correlation between immunoreactivity score (IRS) and quantitative indicators was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>47 patients were ultimately diagnosed with PPGL, with 12 of them having distant metastases. ¹¹C-HED PET/CT showed higher diagnostic performance than ¹⁸F-FDG and ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. For lesion detection, ¹¹C-HED outperformed ¹⁸F-FDG (all p < 0.05) PET/CT. Compared with ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, ¹¹C-HED PET/CT showed significantly higher detection rates for metastatic and all lesions (both p < 0.05). ¹¹C-HED PET/CT had significantly higher maximum standardized uptake values (SUV_max) of primary/recurrent and metastatic lesions (both p < 0.001) and target-to-background ratio (TBR) of metastatic lesions (p = 0.001) than ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT. The TBR of primary/recurrent and metastatic lesions (both p = 0.001) of ¹¹C‑HED was significantly higher than ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. Immunohistochemical correlation analysis showed that NET IRS was significantly positively correlated with SUV_max, TBR, and Likert scores (all p < 0.05). SSTR IRS was significantly positively correlated with SUV_max and Likert scores (all p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this cohort of PPGL, ¹¹C-HED PET/CT demonstrates superior diagnostic performance and lesion detection rates. ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT plays a complementary role in detecting patients with metastatic lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148818988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of Chemokine Receptor 4 Targeted [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-pentixafor PET/CT in Radioiodine-refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.","authors":"Yanlin Liu, Hongyuan Dai, Chenyu Sun, Yuewen Sun, Tian Tian, Rui Huang","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02129-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02129-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study compared the diagnostic performance of [¹⁸F]FDG and [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC) and assessed clinicopathological characteristics and uptake parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants with RAIR-DTC were prospectively enrolled and underwent both [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT and [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT within two weeks. Images were visually and semi-quantitatively analyzed, with lesion number, location, and uptake parameters recorded. The diagnostic performance of the two tracers was compared, and correlations of uptake parameters with clinicopathological characteristics were further evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen patients with RAIR-DTC (median age, 60 years) were analyzed. A total of 125 lesions were identified, with 92.8% detected on [¹⁸F]FDG and 89.6% on [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Pentixafor (P = 0.289). Overall, [¹⁸F]FDG demonstrated higher median SUVmax, tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), and tumor-to-bone marrow ratio (TMR) than [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Pentixafor (7.33 vs. 3.03; 9.04 vs. 3.11; 4.88 vs. 1.96, respectively; all P < 0.001), while 31.4% (37/118) of lesions detected by at least one tracer showed higher [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Pentixafor uptake than [¹⁸F]FDG (median SUVmax 4.10 vs. 2.63). Among Pentixafor-positive confirmed lesions, 72.3% had TMR > 1 and 31.3% had TMR > 2. No significant clinicopathological associations with PET parameters were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>[⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT showed no significant difference in lesion detection compared with [¹⁸F]FDG in this RAIR-DTC cohort. Despite lower overall uptake than FDG, one-third of lesions showed higher [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Pentixafor uptake, and approximately one-third of Pentixafor-positive lesions exhibited TMR greater than two, suggesting that TMR may be an exploratory imaging marker warranting validation for CXCR4-targeted therapy selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148795578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Site-Specific Native Antibody-Conjugated Microbubbles for Molecular Ultrasound Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"James Hui, Yonghwan Shin, Janet Pham, Po-Chun Chen, Aravinth Ruppa, Veronica Hankil, Lea Guo, Hanif Saifurrahman Kalamullah, Naoki Kaneko, Jason Chiang","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02131-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-026-02131-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop a microbubble-based contrast agent using light-activated site-specific conjugation (LASIC) for targeted molecular ultrasound imaging of glypican-3 (GPC3) positive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Azide-functionalized microbubbles were conjugated with commercially available anti-GPC3 antibodies using a LASIC DBCO adapter, which enables precise site-specific labeling at the heavy chain of the antibody without compromising antigen-binding affinity. Binding specificity was confirmed through pre-blocking experiments with free anti-GPC3 antibodies in HCC cell lines. Fluorescence microscopy and quantitative image analysis were employed to evaluate cell-binding efficiency. For in vivo validation, conjugated microbubbles were intravenously administered into mice bearing orthotopic HepG2 xenografts, followed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging at 0 s, 30 s, and 10 min post-injection to assess tumor signal enhancement and persistence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LASIC chemistry enabled covalent and site-specific antibody attachment to microbubbles. In vitro assays demonstrated significantly increased binding of targeted microbubbles to GPC3-positive cells compared to antigen-blocked controls. In vivo CEUS imaging revealed rapid and sustained tumor-specific signal enhancement within 30 s of injection, persisting up to 10 min. In contrast, control microbubbles showed diminished signal intensity and rapid wash out post-injection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LASIC-conjugated anti-GPC3 microbubbles exhibit efficient, specific, and durable binding to GPC3-expressing HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. This strategy enables real-time, image-guided molecular profiling via CEUS and holds promise for precision imaging and theranostic applications in liver cancer management.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148712445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperpolarized γ-Glutamyl-[1-¹³C]Glycine MRI Detects Liver Injury Non-Invasively.","authors":"Cornelius von Morze, Michael A Ohliger, Caroline Guglielmetti, Myriam M Chaumeil, Ashley Shaw, Aras N Mattis, Xiuli Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02130-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02130-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate hyperpolarized (HP) γ-glutamyl-[1-¹³C]glycine ([¹³C]GG) MRI as a non-invasive method for assessing liver injury through imaging of hepatic enzymatic activity.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>In this prospective preclinical imaging study, five mice underwent HP ¹³C MRI at baseline and 48 h after induction of acute liver injury with carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄). Dynamic slice-selective HP ¹³C spectra through the liver were acquired at 3 T. Signals from [¹³C]GG and its cleavage product [1-¹³C]glycine (catalyzed by γ-glutamyl-transferase or GGT) were quantified. Glycine-to-GG area-under-the-curve (AUC) ratios were calculated. Paired comparisons were analyzed using a two-tailed t-test. Liver histopathology was analyzed after imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, HP [¹³C]GG demonstrated detectable in vivo hepatic conversion to [1-¹³C]glycine. Following CCl₄-induced injury, glycine production decreased in all animals despite similar substrate delivery. On average, the glycine-to-GG ratio declined by 25% (p = 0.024). Histology confirmed centrilobular necrosis, steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocyte injury, with relative preservation of periportal structures. Ex vivo GGT activity measurements (normalized to tissue mass) were directionally consistent with the imaging findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HP [¹³C]GG MRI detects alterations in hepatic extracellular enzymatic activity following acute injury. The observed reduction in product formation likely reflects changes in functional accessibility of enzyme activity due to tissue injury, highlighting the potential of HP MRI for non-invasive assessment of liver function.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Listening to Immunotherapy - Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Imaging Strategies to Guide and Enhance Cancer Treatments.","authors":"Muskan Aslam, Khadijatul Kobra, Dhanya S Sriram, Allan B Cheng, Kelsey P Kubelick","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02126-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02126-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunotherapies are transformative strategies in modern oncology, utilizing the body's own immune system to stimulate and enhance the antitumor immune response. Successful immunotherapies require precise delivery, real-time monitoring of immune reactions, and flexible treatment strategies that can adapt to patient-specific complexities. These conditions underscore the need for noninvasive, longitudinal imaging approaches to understand therapy progress and maximize response towards precision immunotherapies. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging, especially when integrated with ultrasound (US), is a powerful modality that is gaining momentum in the immunoimaging space. PA imaging enables label-free assessment of functional biological parameters using endogenous chromophores, while engineered exogenous contrast agents extend its capabilities for molecular and cellular imaging towards theranostic applications. These advances allow visualization of immune activity, therapeutic distribution, and treatment-induced microenvironmental changes in real-time. In this review, we focus on the integral role of US/PA imaging in guiding, optimizing, and advancing cancer immunotherapy. This review begins by outlining label-free imaging techniques and the use of exogenous contrast agents as theranostic nanoplatforms in cancer immunotherapies. Following this foundation, we explore US/PA imaging in immunotherapies, emphasizing photoimmunotherapy, adoptive cell immunotherapy, immune checkpoint blockade, and focused ultrasound mediated immunomodulation. Additionally, we highlight complementary multimodal imaging approaches that expand the scope of US/PA guided immunotherapy. Finally, we address key translational challenges, emerging innovations, and future directions for translating US/PA into routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148679309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward a Structured Imaging Reporting System for Kidney Masses: The Molecular Imaging Perspective on KI-RADS.","authors":"Wonkyu P Choi, Md Zobaer Islam, Louis J Mazzarelli, Lilja B Solnes, Brian Shuch, Benjamin L Viglianti, Michael C Repka, Asim Afaq, Rudolf A Werner, Michael A Gorin, Steven P Rowe","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02122-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02122-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, a structured approach to renal mass characterization known as the Kidney Imaging Reporting and Data System (KI-RADS) was proposed. In that proposal, the authors noted the need for imaging characteristics to be rooted in the biological underpinnings of the tumors in order to optimally risk stratify patients with indeterminate renal masses. Although multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging may be an important initial modality for locoregional staging and lesion characterization, molecular imaging may provide more fundamental biological insight. To date, the mitochondrial imaging agent ^99mTc-sestamibi for single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography and the carbonic anhydrase IX-targeted monoclonal antibody ⁸⁹Zr-girentuximab for positron emission tomography/computed tomography are the best characterized radiotracers that can potentially be incorporated into indeterminate renal mass risk stratification. Both have been studied in large, prospective, scan-and-resect trials against a surgical histopathology gold standard. In this manuscript, we review the current imaging approaches to renal mass characterization; discuss the evidence for molecular imaging in this setting; explore the potential synergy among anatomic imaging, molecular imaging, and biopsy; and propose a molecular imaging-focused companion KI-RADS framework. We also outline future directions for integrating diverse sources of data with potential application of artificial intelligence. The molecular imaging perspective on KI-RADS translates summarized biological insights from imaging into a five-point Likert scale based on the potential for an aggressive histology for an indeterminate renal mass. Going forward, we believe that the strong correlations between molecular imaging findings and underlying tumor biology will warrant incorporation of molecular imaging techniques into any final form of KI-RADS.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148631019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of Bone Scintigraphy in Assessment of Osseous Metastases in Prostate Cancer: Why it is Time to Reconsider Role of ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT.","authors":"Mahdi Zirakchian Zadeh","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02128-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02128-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evaluation of suspected bone lesions is routinely performed during the course of treatment in patients with prostate cancer, particularly in those presenting with bone pain or other clinical concern for disease progression. In the United States, technetium-99 m-labeled methylene diphosphonate (⁹⁹ᵐTc-MDP) bone scintigraphy is predominantly performed for these indications, largely due to its widespread availability, established clinical workflows, and reliable insurance reimbursement. However, ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT offers higher sensitivity for detecting bone metastases and improved differentiation between malignant and degenerative skeletal changes compared with conventional bone scintigraphy. Although bone scans are often considered lower in radiation dose, their limited specificity frequently necessitates additional imaging, such as same-day diagnostic CT or SPECT/CT, thereby increasing cumulative radiation exposure and resource utilization. In contrast, ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT provides comprehensive whole-body skeletal assessment in a single examination with shorter acquisition time. Several studies also suggest that ¹⁸F-NaF PET may detect additional or more extensive osseous lesions compared with other tracers, including PSMA-targeted agents, in selected clinical contexts. Given the substantial clinical implications of underestimating skeletal disease burden, these findings further support reconsideration of the role of ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT in contemporary prostate cancer imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148630996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo Fluorescent Molecular Imaging Using Nanobodies Labeled with Next-Generation FNIR-Tag-Dyes.","authors":"Dora M Chigoho, Marcus C M Stroet, Jelena Saliën, Sofie Pollenus, Dong-Hao Li, Martin Schnermann, Sophie Hernot","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02120-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-026-02120-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Fluorescently labeled Nanobodies (Nbs) provide rapid, specific, and high-contrast molecular imaging capabilities, making them well-suited for applications such as fluorescence-guided surgery. As dye properties can substantially influence tracer performance, this study evaluated three next-generation FNIR-Tag dyes, each conjugated to an anti-EGFR Nb.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>The anti-EGFR Nb 7D12 was conjugated to FNIR-Tag-1.0, FNIR-Tag-766 or FNIR-Tag-804, and characterized in vitro. In vivo imaging and biodistribution studies were performed to assess pharmacokinetics, tumor uptake, tumor-to-background ratios, contrast-to-noise ratios, and renal clearance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three Nb-based tracers exhibited similar overall pharmacokinetic behavior, characterized by fast tumor accumulation, rapid clearance from blood and non-target tissues, and predominant renal elimination. 7D12-FNIR-Tag-1.0 demonstrated slightly higher tumor uptake, whereas 7D12-FNIR-Tag-766 produced marginally improved tumor-to-background and contrast-to-noise ratios. In contrast, 7D12-FNIR-Tag-804 yielded significantly lower tumor signal intensity, although its imaging contrast remained comparable due to proportionally reduced background fluorescence. Despite differences in dye net charge, no substantial variation in kidney retention was observed over 24 h. Microscopic analysis revealed, however, distinct renal handling: 7D12-FNIR-Tag-766 showed partial endosomal internalization within proximal tubule cells, while 7D12-FNIR-Tag-1.0 remained primarily luminal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FNIR-Tag-labeled Nbs enable effective tumor visualization at 1 h post-injection. Although overall biodistribution was comparable across dyes, differences in tissue uptake, intrinsic brightness, and compatibility with imaging system optics can influence detection sensitivity and should inform dye selection for clinical imaging applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}