Molecular Imaging and Biology最新文献

{"title":"Volume-Based Quantitative Measurement of [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT Uptake Reflects the Disease Activity of IgG4-Related Disease.","authors":"Liyan Wan, Chuanyin Sun, Junyu Liang, Jin Lin, Zhi Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11307-024-01928-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-024-01928-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the potential utility of quantitative parameters obtained by ¹⁸F-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT) in the assessment of organ involvement and disease activity in IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study enrolled patients who underwent [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT scans at the Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from August 2021 to August 2022. The PET/CT images of the included patients were re-evaluated by PET center technicians, and the maximal standardized uptake value (SUV_max), metabolic lesion volume (MLV), and total lesion FAPI (TL-FAPI) were used to evaluate the involved organs and tissues that abnormally accumulated [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04. The clinical and laboratory data of patients are also systematically collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the patients included in this study, 12 patients met the IgG4-RD classification criteria established by the American College of Rheumatology in 2019. Among them, 8 were males and 4 were females, with an average age of 59.3 ± 11.5 years. 50% of IgG4-RD patients were found with more organ involvement on PET/CT than physical examination, ultrasonography, and computed tomography. IgG4 levels (Rho = 0.594, p = 0.042) and IgG4-RI (Rho = 0.647, p = 0.023) were significantly positively correlated with TL-FAPI. After linear regression analysis, only TL-FAPI showed a predictive value of RI (R² = 0.356, B = 0.008, p = 0.041).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>[¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT is a useful tool for identifying asymptomatic organ involvement and assessing disease activity. The TL-FAPI as an indicator was positively correlated with IgG4-RD disease activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":"753-760"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Dynamic [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT Multiparametric Imaging Leads to an Improved Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Lung Lesions.","authors":"Yihan Zhao, Tao Lv, Yue Xu, Jiankang Yin, Xin Wang, Yangyang Xue, Gan Zhu, Wenjing Yu, Hui Wang, Xiaohu Li","doi":"10.1007/s11307-024-01942-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-024-01942-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the potential of whole-body dynamic (WBD) 2-deoxy-2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT) multiparametric imaging in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lung lesions.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed WBD PET/CT scans from patients with lung lesions performed between April 2020 and March 2023. Multiparametric images including standardized uptake value (SUV), metabolic rate (MR_FDG) and distribution volume (DV_FDG) were visually interpreted and compared. We adopted SUV_max, metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) for semi-quantitative analysis, MR_max and DV_max values for quantitative analysis. We also collected the patients' clinical characteristics. The variables above with P-value < 0.05 in the univariate analysis were entered into a multivariate logistic regression. The statistically significant metrics were plotted on receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 60 patients were included for data evaluation. We found that most malignant lesions showed high uptake on MR_FDG and SUV images, and low or absent uptake on DV_FDG images, while benign lesions showed low uptake on MR_FDG images and high uptake on DV_FDG images. Most malignant lesions showed a characteristic pattern of gradually increasing FDG uptake, whereas benign lesions presented an initial rise with rapid fall, then kept stable at a low level. The AUC values of MR_max and SUV_max are 0.874 (95% CI: 0.763-0.946) and 0.792 (95% CI: 0.667-0.886), respectively. DeLong's test showed the difference between the areas is statistically significant (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated that dynamic [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT imaging based on the Patlak analysis was a more accurate method of distinguishing malignancies from benign lesions than conventional static PET/CT scans.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":"790-801"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MHC-I and PD-L1 Expression is Associated with Decreased Tumor Outgrowth and is Radiotherapy-inducible in the Murine Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Model MOC1.","authors":"Daan F Boreel, Gerwin G W Sandker, Marleen Ansems, Renske J E van den Bijgaart, Johannes P W Peters, Paul N Span, Gosse J Adema, Sandra Heskamp, Johan Bussink","doi":"10.1007/s11307-024-01934-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-024-01934-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Combined radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibition is a potential treatment option for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Immunocompetent mouse models can help to successfully develop radio- immunotherapy combinations and to increase our understanding of the effects of radiotherapy on the tumor microenvironment for future clinical translation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a homogeneous, reproducible HNSCC model originating from the Mouse Oral Cancer 1 (MOC1) HNSCC cell line, and to explore the radiotherapy-induced changes in its tumor microenvironment, using flow cytometry and PD-L1 microSPECT/CT imaging.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In vivo growing tumors originating from the parental MOC1 line were used to generate single cell derived clones. These clones were screened in vitro for their ability to induce programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) following IFNγ exposure. Clones with different IFNγ sensitivity were inoculated in C57BL/6 mice and assessed for tumor outgrowth. The composition of the tumor microenvironment of a stably growing (non)irradiated MOC1-derived clone was assessed by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and PD-L1 microSPECT/CT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Low in vitro inducibility of MHC-I and PD-L1 by IFNγ was associated with increased tumor outgrowth of MOC1 clones in vivo. Flow cytometry analysis of cells derived from a stable in vivo growing MOC1 clone MOC1.3D5^low showed expression of MHC-I and PD-L1 on several cell populations within the tumor. Upon irradiation, MHC-I and PD-L1 increased on leukocytes (CD45.2⁺) and cancer associated fibroblasts (CD45.2^-/EpCAM^-/CD90.1⁺). Furthermore, PD-L1 microSPECT/CT showed increased tumor uptake of radiolabeled PD-L1 antibodies with a heterogeneous spatial distribution of the radio signal, which co-localized with PD-L1⁺ and CD45.2⁺ areas.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>PD-L1 and MHC-I inducibility by IFNγ in vitro is associated with tumor outgrowth of MOC1 clones in vivo. In tumors originating from a stably growing MOC1-derived clone, expression of these immune-related markers was induced by irradiation shown by flow cytometry on several cell populations within the tumor microenvironment such as immune cells and cancer associated fibroblasts. PD-L1 microSPECT/CT showed increased tumor uptake following radiotherapy, and autoradiography showed correlation of uptake with areas that are heavily infiltrated by immune cells. Knowledge of radiotherapy-induced effects on the tumor microenvironment in this model can help optimize timing and dosage for radio- immunotherapy combination strategies in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":"835-846"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141620478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Performance Comparison of a Long Versus a Short Axial Field-of-View PET/CT Using EARL-Compliant Reconstructions.","authors":"Mostafa Roya, Johannes H van Snick, Riemer H J A Slart, Walter Noordzij, Gilles N Stormezand, Antoon T M Willemsen, Ronald Boellaard, Andor W J M Glaudemans, Charalampos Tsoumpas, Joyce van Sluis","doi":"10.1007/s11307-024-01939-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-024-01939-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To ensure comparable PET/CT image quality between or within centres, clinical inter-system performance comparisons following European Association of Nuclear Medicine Research Ltd. (EARL) guidelines is required. In this work the performance of the long axial field-of-view Biograph Vision Quadra is compared to its predecessor, the short axial field-of-view Biograph Vision.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>To this aim, patients with suspected tumour lesions received a single weight-based (3 MBq/kg) 2-deoxy-2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-D-glucose injection and underwent routine clinical ( <math><mo>∼</mo></math> 15 min) scans on the Vision and 3-min scans on the Quadra in listmode in balanced order. Image quality (IQ), image noise (IN), and tumour demarcation (TD) were assessed visually by four nuclear medicine physicians using a 5-point Likert scale and semiquantitative analysis was performed using standardised uptake values (SUVs). Inter-reader agreement was tested using Wilcoxon's signed rank test and the SUVs were statistically compared using a paired t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty patients (mean age, 60 years ± 8.8 [standard deviation], 16 male) were enrolled. Inter-reader agreement ranged from good to very good for IQ and IN (0.62 ≤ W ≤ 0.81), and fair for TD (0.29 ≤ W ≤ 0.39). Furthermore, a significant difference was found for TD (p = 0.015) between the systems, showing improved TD for the Quadra.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that the Quadra can be used in routine clinical practice with multiple PET/CT systems or in multicentre studies. This system provides comparable diagnostic image quality and semiquantitative accuracy, improved TD, and has the advantage of shorter scan durations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":"780-789"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141875353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of ⁵²Mn Labeled Trastuzumab for Extended Time Point PET Imaging of HER2.","authors":"James M Omweri, Shefali Saini, Hailey A Houson, Volkan Tekin, Jennifer M Pyles, Candace C Parker, Suzanne E Lapi","doi":"10.1007/s11307-024-01948-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-024-01948-4","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;Due to their long circulation time in the blood, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) such as trastuzumab, are usually radiolabeled with long-lived positron emitters for the development of agents for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging. Manganese-52 (&lt;sup&gt;52&lt;/sup&gt;Mn, t&lt;sub&gt;1/2&lt;/sub&gt; = 5.6 d, β&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;  = 29.6%, E(β&lt;sub&gt;ave&lt;/sub&gt;) = 242 keV) is suitable for imaging at longer time points providing a complementary technique to Zirconium-89 (&lt;sup&gt;89&lt;/sup&gt;Zr, t&lt;sub&gt;1/2&lt;/sub&gt; = 3.3 d, β&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;  = 22.7%, E(β&lt;sub&gt;ave&lt;/sub&gt;) = 396 keV)) because of its long half-life and low positron energy. To exploit these properties, we aimed to investigate suitable bifunctional chelators that could be readily conjugated to antibodies and labeled with &lt;sup&gt;52&lt;/sup&gt;Mn under mild conditions using trastuzumab as a proof-of-concept.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Procedures: &lt;/strong&gt;Trastuzumab was incubated with S-2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (p-SCN-Bn-DOTA), 1-Oxa-4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-5-S-(4-isothiocyantobenzyl)-4,7,10-triacetic acid (p-SCN-Bn-Oxo-DO3A), and 3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.1] pentadeca-1(15),11,13-triene-4-S-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-3,6,9-triacetic acid (p-SCN-Bn-PCTA) at a tenfold molar excess. The immunoconjugates were purified, combined with [&lt;sup&gt;52&lt;/sup&gt;Mn]MnCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; at different ratios, and the labeling efficiency was assessed by iTLC. The immunoreactive fraction of the radiocomplex was determined through a Lindmo assay. Cell studies were conducted in HER2 + (BT474) and HER2- (MDA-MB-468) cell lines followed by in vivo studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Trastuzumab-Oxo-DO3A was labeled within 30 min at 37 °C with a radiochemical yield (RCY) of 90 ± 1.5% and with the highest specific activity of the chelators investigated of 16.64 MBq/nmol. The labeled compound was purified with a resulting radiochemical purity of &gt; 98% and retained a 67 ± 1.2% immunoreactivity. DOTA and PCTA immunoconjugates resulted in &lt; 50 ± 2.5% (RCY) with similar specific activity. Mouse serum stability studies of [&lt;sup&gt;52&lt;/sup&gt;Mn]Mn-Oxo-DO3A-trastuzumab showed 95% intact complex for over 5 days. Cell uptake studies showed higher uptake in HER2 + (12.51 ± 0.83% /mg) cells compared to HER2- (0.85 ± 0.10%/mg) cells. PET images of mice bearing BT474 tumors showed high tumor uptake that was consistent with the biodistribution (42.02 ± 2.16%ID/g, 14 d) compared to MDA-MB-468 tumors (2.20 ± 0.80%ID/g, 14 d). Additionally, both models exhibited low bone uptake of &lt; 1% ID/g.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The bifunctional chelator p-SCN-Bn-Oxo-DO3A is promising for the development of &lt;sup&gt;52&lt;/sup&gt;Mn radiopharmaceuticals as it was easily conjugated, radiolabeled at mild conditions, and illustrated stability for a prolonged duration both in vitro and in vivo. High-quality PET/CT images of [&lt;sup&gt;52&lt;/sup&gt;Mn]Mn-Oxo-DO3A-trastuzumab were obtained 14 d post-injection. This study illustrates the potential of","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":"858-868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging of Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma with ^99mTc-Sestamibi SPECT/CT: Considerations Regarding Risk Stratification and Histologic Reclassification.","authors":"Steven P Rowe, Salikh Murtazaliev, Jorge D Oldan, Basil Kaufmann, Amna Khan, Mohammad E Allaf, Nirmish Singla, Christian P Pavlovich, Angelo M De Marzo, Ezra Baraban, Michael A Gorin, Lilja B Solnes","doi":"10.1007/s11307-024-01938-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-024-01938-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Indeterminate renal masses are increasingly incidentally found on cross-sectional imaging. ^99mTc-sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) scans can be used to identify oncocytomas and oncocytic renal neoplasms, including a subset of chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (chRCCs), which are viewed as false-positive.</p><p><strong>Procedure: </strong>Patients imaged with renal sestamibi scans between 2014 and 2023 were reviewed. Those patients with solitary tumors that were originally classified as chRCC were included in the analysis. Imaging with SPECT/CT from the liver dome down had been carried out 75 min after the administration of 925 MBq of ^99mTc-sestamibi. All available H&E and immunostained slides were re-reviewed and classified according to WHO 2022 criteria. Confirmatory immunohistochemical stains were performed in tumors considered morphologically suspicious for non-chRCC entities.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 18 patients with solitary tumors were included in the final analysis. 13/18 (72.2%) tumors in this cohort remained classified as chRCC, with 4/18 (22.2%) being eosinophilic-variant chRCC. The reclassified tumors (5/18 [27.8%]) included 2/18 (11.1%) low-grade oncocytic tumor (LOT), 1/18 (5.5%) eosinophilic vacuolated tumor (EVT), and 2/18 (11.1%) unclassified low-grade oncocytic neoplasms. As such, only 2/9 (22.2%) qualitatively \"hot\" tumors were chRCC other than eosinophilic-variant and only 1/9 (11.1%) \"cold\" tumors was a histology other than chRCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on current histopathologic classification methods, it is likely that the \"false-positive\" rate of uptake on renal sestamibi scans with chRCC has been over-stated. Further study is warranted to better refine the optimal utility of renal sestamibi scans for non-invasive risk stratification of indeterminate renal masses.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":"768-773"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zirconium- 89 Labeled Antibody K1-70 for PET Imaging of Thyroid-stimulating Hormone Receptor Expression in Thyroid Cancer.","authors":"Ephraim E Parent, Justyna J Gleba, Joshua A Knight, Saad J Kenderian, John A Copland, Hancheng Cai","doi":"10.1007/s11307-024-01945-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-024-01945-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) is a G-protein coupled receptor that is highly expressed on benign and malignant thyroid tissues. TSHR binding and activation has long been a component of thyroid cancer molecular imaging and radiotherapy, by promoting expression of the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) and incorporation of I-131 into thyroid hormones. Here, we report the radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of a Zirconium-89 (⁸⁹Zr) labeled TSHR antibody to serve as a positron emission tomography (PET) diagnostic correlate for therapeutic agents targeting TSHR without reliance on NIS.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>TSHR human monoclonal antibody K1-70 was conjugated to chelator desferrioxamine-p-benzyl-isothiocyanate, followed by labeling with Zr-89, yielding the radiotracer ⁸⁹Zr-DFO-TSHR-Ab. The in vitro cellar uptake and binding affinity of ⁸⁹Zr-DFO-TSHR-Ab were analyzed in three new TSHR stable overexpressing tumor cell lines and their corresponding wild types (WT) with low or no TSHR expression. ⁸⁹Zr-DFO-TSHR-Ab PET/CT imaging of TSHR expression was evaluated in tumor mouse models bearing one TSHR-positive tumor and other negative control with or without the coinjection of antibody K1-70, and then verified by radiotracer biodistribution study and tumor immunohistochemistry (IHC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The conjugate DFO-TSHR-Ab was labeled with Zr-89 at 37 °C for 60 min and purified by PD-10 column in radiochemical yields of 68.8 ± 9.9%, radiochemical purities of 98.7 ± 0.8%, and specific activities of 19.1 ± 2.7 mCi/mg (n = 5). In vitro cell studies showed ⁸⁹Zr-DFO-TSHR-Ab had significantly high uptake on TSHR expressing tumor cells with nanomolar affinity and high potency. Preclinical PET/CT imaging revealed that ⁸⁹Zr-DFO-TSHR-Ab selectively detected TSHR expressing thyroid tumors and displayed improved in vivo performance with the coinjection of unlabeled TSHR antibody K1-70 leading to higher uptake in TSHR expressing tumors than parental WT tumors and physiologic tissues; this observation was confirmed by the biodistribution and immunostaining analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We synthesized ⁸⁹Zr-labeled antibody K1-70 as a new radiopharmaceutical for PET imaging of TSHR. ⁸⁹Zr-DFO-TSHR-Ab has high radioactive uptake and retention in TSHR expressing tumors and cleared quickly from most background tissues in mouse models. Our study demonstrated that ⁸⁹Zr-DFO-TSHR-Ab has the potential for PET imaging of TSHR-positive thyroid cancer and monitoring TSHR-targeted therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":"847-857"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Accuracy of a Deep Learning Method for Lesion Detection in PET/CT and PET/MRI Images.","authors":"Lifang Pang, Zheng Zhang, Guobing Liu, Pengcheng Hu, Shuguang Chen, Yushen Gu, Yukun Huang, Jia Zhang, Yuhang Shi, Tuoyu Cao, Yiqiu Zhang, Hongcheng Shi","doi":"10.1007/s11307-024-01943-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-024-01943-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Develop a universal lesion recognition algorithm for PET/CT and PET/MRI, validate it, and explore factors affecting performance.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>The 2022 AutoPet Challenge's 1014 PET/CT dataset was used to train the lesion detection model based on 2D and 3D fractional-residual (F-Res) models. To extend this to PET/MRI, a network for converting MR images to synthetic CT (sCT) was developed, using 41 sets of whole-body MR and corresponding CT data. 38 patients' PET/CT and PET/MRI data were used to verify the universal lesion recognition algorithm. Image quality was assessed using signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Total lesion glycolysis (TLG), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and lesion count were calculated from the resultant lesion masks. Experienced physicians reviewed and corrected the model's outputs, establishing the ground truth. The performance of the lesion detection deep-learning model on different PET images was assessed by detection accuracy, precision, recall, and dice coefficients. Data with a detection accuracy score (DAS) less than 1 was used for analysis of outliers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to PET/CT, PET/MRI scans had a significantly longer delay time (135 ± 45 min vs 61 ± 12 min) and lower SNR (6.17 ± 1.11 vs 9.27 ± 2.77). However, CNR values were similar (7.37 ± 5.40 vs 5.86 ± 6.69). PET/MRI detected more lesions (with a mean difference of -3.184). TLG and MTV showed no significant differences between PET/CT and PET/MRI (TLG: 119.18 ± 203.15 vs 123.57 ± 151.58, p = 0.41; MTV: 36.58 ± 57.00 vs 39.16 ± 48.34, p = 0.33). A total of 12 PET/CT and 14 PET/MRI datasets were included in the analysis of outliers. Outlier analysis revealed PET/CT anomalies in intestines, ureters, and muscles, while PET/MRI anomalies were in intestines, testicles, and low tracer uptake regions, with false positives in ureters (PET/CT) and intestines/testicles (PET/MRI).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The deep learning lesion detection model performs well with both PET/CT and PET/MRI. SNR, CNR and reconstruction parameters minimally impact recognition accuracy, but delay time post-injection is significant.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":"802-811"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryo-Fluorescence Tomography as a Tool for Visualizing Whole-Body Inflammation Using Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsion Tracers.","authors":"Benjamin I Leach, Deanne Lister, Stephen R Adams, Julie Bykowski, Amy B Schwartz, Patrick McConville, Hemi Dimant, Eric T Ahrens","doi":"10.1007/s11307-024-01926-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-024-01926-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We explore the use of intravenously delivered fluorescent perfluorocarbon (PFC) nanoemulsion tracers and multi-spectral cryo-fluorescence tomography (CFT) for whole-body tracer imaging in murine inflammation models. CFT is an emerging technique that provides high-resolution, three-dimensional mapping of probe localization in intact animals and tissue samples, enabling unbiased validation of probe biodistribution and minimizes reliance on laborious histological methods employing discrete tissue panels, where disseminated populations of PFC-labeled cells may be overlooked. This methodology can be used to streamline the development of new generations of non-invasive, cellular-molecular imaging probes for in vivo imaging.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>Mixtures of nanoemulsions with different fluorescent emission wavelengths were administered intravenously to naïve mice and models of acute inflammation, colitis, and solid tumor. Mice were euthanized 24 h post-injection, frozen en bloc, and imaged at high resolution (~ 50 µm voxels) using CFT at multiple wavelengths.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PFC nanoemulsions were visualized using CFT within tissues of the reticuloendothelial system and inflammatory lesions, consistent with immune cell (macrophage) labeling, as previously reported in in vivo magnetic resonance and nuclear imaging studies. The CFT signals show pronounced differences among fluorescence wavelengths and tissues, presumably due to autofluorescence, differential fluorescence quenching, and scattering of incident and emitted light.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CFT is an effective and complementary methodology to in vivo imaging for validating PFC nanoemulsion biodistribution at high spatial localization, bridging the resolution gap between in vivo imaging and histology.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":"888-898"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interobserver Agreement Rates on CXCR4-Directed PET/CT in Patients with Marginal Zone Lymphoma.","authors":"Rudolf A Werner, Yingjun Zhi, Niklas Dreher, Samuel Samnick, Aleksander Kosmala, Takahiro Higuchi, Lena Bundschuh, Constantin Lapa, Andreas K Buck, Max S Topp, Hermann Einsele, Johannes Duell, Sebastian E Serfling, Ralph A Bundschuh","doi":"10.1007/s11307-024-01940-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11307-024-01940-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)-directed molecular imaging provides excellent read-out capabilities in patients with marginal zone lymphoma (MZL). We aimed to determine the interobserver agreement rate of CXCR4-targeted PET/CT among readers with different levels of experience.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>50 subjects with MZL underwent CXCR4-targeted PET/CT, which were reviewed by four readers (including two experienced and two less experienced observers). The following 8 parameters were investigated: overall scan result, CXCR4 density in lymphoma tissue, extranodal organ involvement, No. of affected extranodal organs and extranodal organ metastases, lymph node (LN) involvement and No. of affected LN areas and LN metastases. We applied intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC; < 0.4, poor; 0.4-0.59, fair; 0.6-0.74, good and > 0.74 excellent agreement rates).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among all readers, fair agreement was recorded for No. of affected extranodal organs (ICC, 0.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25-0.68), overall scan result (ICC, 0.42; 95%CI, 0.28-0.57), CXCR4 density in lymphoma tissue (ICC, 0.52; 95%CI, 0.38-0.66), and No. of extranodal organ metastases (ICC, 0.55; 95%CI, 0.41-0.61) and LN involvement (ICC, 0.59; 95%CI, 0.46-0.71). Good agreement rates were observed for No. of LN metastases (ICC, 0.71; 95%CI, 0.60-0.81) and No. of LN areas (ICC, 0.73; 95%CI, 0.63-0.82), while extranodal organ involvement (ICC, 0.35; 95%CI, 0.21-0.51) achieved poor concordance. On a reader-by-reader comparison, the experienced readers achieved significantly higher agreement rates in 4/8 (50%) investigated scan items (ICC, range, 0.21-0.90, P < / = 0.04). In the remaining 4/8 (50%), a similar trend with higher ICCs for the experienced readers was recorded (n.s.).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CXCR4-directed PET/CT mainly provided fair to good agreement rates for scan assessment, while a relevant level of experience seems to be required for an accurate imaging read-out.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":"774-779"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11436430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141875354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}