Molecular Imaging and Biology最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Effectiveness of miR-760 to Distinguish Benign and Malignant Pulmonary Nodules on the Basis of Low-Dose Spiral CT Imaging.","authors":"Jianwen Chen, Fei Li, Jianguang Chen, Quanxing Li, Yujie Ren, Ruibao Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02100-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02100-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules is a key problem in clinical diagnosis. Low-dose spiral CT (LDCT) is a commonly used screening method, but it has the limitations of insufficient specificity. There is an urgent need for molecular markers to assist diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 240 patients with pulmonary nodules were enrolled in this study. The expression of serum miR-760 was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the potential of miR-760 in the diagnosis of lung cancer, and logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate its significance in the risk assessment of lung cancer. Target genes were screened by bioinformatics, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and hub genes were screened.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of miR-760 in the lung cancer group was significantly lower than that in the benign group (P < 0.001). Its AUC for differentiating benign and malignant was 0.867. When LDCT combined with miR-760, the area under the curve (AUC) increased to 0.955. Logistic regression analysis showed that miR-760 was a risk factor for lung cancer incidence. PPI network analysis screened 10 hub genes (HMGCR, INSR, CDK6, etc.), which were enriched in cancer related pathways such as HIF-1 and actin cytoskeleton.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>miR-760 combined with LDCT can significantly improve the differentiation ability of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules, and its mechanism may activate tumor-related signaling pathways by targeting the core genes of PPI network. This study provides a new combination of molecular markers and mechanistic clues for the accurate diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Performance of Somatostatin Receptor-directed PET/CT for Tumor-induced Osteomalacia.","authors":"Marieke Heinrich, Aleksander Kosmala, Alexander Dierks, Franca Genest, Elena Gerhard-Hartmann, Lukas Haug, Silke Achtziger, Peter Raab, Andreas K Buck, Constantin Lapa, Kerstin Michalski, Lothar Seefried","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02101-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02101-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-directed PET/CT in localizing phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMT) in patients with suspected tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) and to explore relationships between imaging parameters and biochemical markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis included 20 patients with suspected TIO, undergoing SSTR-directed PET/CT. Imaging findings and laboratory markers were assessed. SSTR-positive tumors were resected, while patients without detectable tumor, but persistent renal phosphate wasting, continued on medical treatment. Follow-up assessments included laboratory values and clinical examinations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PMT were detected on PET in 12 patients (60%), were resected, and confirmed immunohistochemically. Phosphorus levels (r = 0.26; p = 0.03), tubular reabsorption of phosphate (TRP; r = 0.77; p < 0.01) and tubular maximum of phosphate reabsorption over GFR (TmP/GFR; r = 0.44; p = 0.07) were lower in patients with detected PMT compared to those without. Elevation of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) was not significantly higher in PMT positive vs negative patients (253% vs 134% above the upper limit of normal; p = 0.97). Total lesion uptake (TLU) negatively correlated with TmP/GFR (r = -0.71; p = 0.03). A maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) threshold of 7.6 differentiated PMT from bone fractures (83% sensitivity; 100% specificity). Post-resection follow-up confirmed clinical cure in all cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In SSTR-directed PET/CT, a distinction between PMT and bone fracture may be possible with a SUVmax threshold of 7.6. The integration of PET derived TLU, along with TmP/GFR may improve diagnosis and treatment planning for TIO.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transporter-Mediated Hepatic Uptake of EOB-DTPA and BOPTA Is Largely Independent of Chelated Metal.","authors":"Legend E Kenney, Christiane L Mallett, Jeremy M-L Hix, Tapas Bhattacharyya, Erik M Shapiro","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02105-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02105-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Metal chelates play a crucial role in diagnostic imaging and radiotherapy. While gadolinium-based chelates are widely used in MRI, radiometal chelates are increasingly used in nuclear medicine and theranostics. Despite their clinical importance, the extent to which the identity of the coordinated metal influences in vivo chelate pharmacology remains unclear. The goal of this work was to determine whether metal substitution alters transporter-mediated cellular uptake and pharmacological behavior of hepatospecific chelates.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>Apo-forms of the clinical hepatospecific MRI contrast agents EOB-DTPA and BOPTA were generated and re-chelated with eight different metals (Sc, Y, Pr, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho). In vitro transport of these chelates was assessed in cells expressing rodent and human hepatic transporters. In vivo hepatic uptake was evaluated in mice expressing either wild-type or human hepatic transporters. Tissue distribution and clearance were quantified analytically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In vitro uptake of EOB-DTPA and BOPTA chelates by cells expressing rodent and human transporters showed no statistically significant differences across metals. In vivo studies in mice similarly showed no statistically significant differences in hepatic uptake across metals, with the exception of reduced uptake observed for Sc-EOB-DTPA in wild-type animals. No evidence of free metal accumulation in soft tissue was detected. Chelate clearance via renal and hepatobiliary pathways was similar across metals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the class of trivalent metals examined and for EOB-DTPA and BOPTA chelates, transporter-mediated uptake, biodistribution, and clearance were largely independent of metal identity under the conditions tested. These findings support the use of common chelate scaffolds across multiple metals, while highlighting the importance of ligand structure and transporter interactions in governing pharmacology.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual Quantification of Skeletal Muscle Perfusion and Metabolism in a Porcine Model of Peripheral Artery Disease Using Multiparametric ¹⁸F-FDG PET Imaging.","authors":"Ting-Heng Chou, Mahboubeh Nabavinia, Eleanor T Rimmerman, Corrin Mansfield, Kumudha Narayana Musini, Nguyen K Tram, Mitchel R Stacy","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02106-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02106-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A standard imaging strategy for quantifying skeletal muscle perfusion in peripheral artery disease (PAD) does not exist, and the widespread use of PET imaging for this purpose has traditionally been limited by the need for onsite production of short half-life perfusion radioisotopes. Therefore, this study investigated the feasibility of multiparametric PET imaging with commercially available fluorine-18 (¹⁸F)-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) for the quantification of skeletal muscle perfusion and metabolism in a porcine model of PAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight Yorkshire pigs underwent 60-min dynamic ¹⁸F-FDG PET imaging under resting conditions immediately following unilateral surgical ligation of the femoral artery and 2 weeks after arterial occlusion. Calf muscle perfusion was computed using 1-compartment modeling of the first 2.5 min of PET data acquisition, and the metabolic rate of glucose (MRGlu) was computed using 3-compartment modeling of the entire 60-min dataset. Two weeks after arterial occlusion, the gastrocnemius muscle was harvested to compare microvascular density between ischemic and control hindlimbs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Calf perfusion and MRGlu were significantly reduced following peripheral artery occlusion and recovered to control levels 2 weeks later. Recovery of perfusion and metabolism in calf skeletal muscle coincided with a significant increase in calf muscle capillary density 2 weeks after arterial occlusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates the novel use of dynamic, multiparametric ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT imaging for quantifying ischemia-induced alterations in skeletal muscle perfusion and metabolism, providing a unique comprehensive approach for evaluating PAD pathophysiology and creating opportunities for monitoring treatment responses to emerging therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147817645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation and Correction of the Partial Volume Effect Using Personalized Phantoms of Lymph Node Metastases in Lutetium 177 SPECT/CT Dosimetry.","authors":"J R Hinz, T Kuwert, M Beck, P Ritt, A Grings","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02103-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02103-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to quantify and to correct for partial volume effect (PVE) in lymph node metastases of prostate cancer (PC) on Lu-177 SPECT images using 3D-printed phantoms of these structures to establish a ground truth.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>Ten individuals with clearly delineated, SPECT-positive lymph node metastases were retrospectively selected from a cohort of PC patients undergoing radioligand therapy (RLT). Manual segmentation of the metastases was performed on the CT component. The segmented lymph nodes were 3D-printed as patient-specific lymph node phantoms with volumes ranging from 0.18 to 23.7 ml using a high-resolution 3D printer. These phantoms were filled with Lu-177 and analyzed in a SPECT/CT system to quantify PVE. An exponential curve fit of the recovery coefficient (RC) versus the surface-area to volume ratio (SA:V) was derived from the spheres of a NEMA ICE body phantom and used to correct for PVE in the lymph node phantoms. This method was compared with other post-reconstruction partial volume corrections (PVC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For a tumor to background ratio (TBR) of 10:1 the RCs varied widely, from 82% to 10.4% depending on phantom size. Using the NEMA IEC body phantom, an exponential correlation was established between SA:V and RC, with R² values exceeding 0.97 across measurements at four different TBRs. Using this curve for PVE correction, the RCs of the lymph node phantoms had an average deviation from the ground truth of 1.15 ± 10.15% (average ± standard error of the mean). This method had a higher accuracy than the other PVCs studied.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The low RCs obtained for lymph node metastases suggest that Lu-177-dosimetry is in these structures grossly inaccurate without PVE correction. Applying the SA:V/RC curve established using the NEMA IEC body phantom for this purpose reduces PVE-related errors considerably.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147776457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative [¹⁸F]PSMA-1007 PET in Treatment Response Monitoring of Brain Metastases from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Elisabeth Kirkeby Lysvik, Andreas Julius Tulipan, Vilde Drageset Haakensen, Mona-Elisabeth R Revheim, Kyrre Eeg Emblem, Trine Hjørnevik","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02104-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02104-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is expressed in several solid tumours, including brain metastases (BMs) from lung cancer. We investigated quantitative [¹⁸F]PSMA-1007 uptake and treatment response in BMs of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>Eleven patients with BM of NSCLC underwent 95-min dual-time-point dynamic [¹⁸F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT and a whole-body static scan before and after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with a median dose of 20 Gy (range: 8-25 Gy) given in a median of 1 fraction (range: 1-3). Seven patients completed both exams. Image-derived input functions were extracted from the internal carotid arteries, and pharmacokinetic analysis using Patlak modelling yielded the influx constant (K_i). Standardised uptake value (SUV), biological tumour volume (BTV) and tumour heterogeneity using the coefficient of variance (CoV) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>[¹⁸F]PSMA-1007 PET showed uptake in the first exam in BMs and primary lung tumour in all patients. Significant inter-patient and intra-lesion heterogeneity in tracer uptake was observed in BMs with median Ki of 0.005 ml/ccm/min (range: 0.003-0.018 ml/ccm/min), SUV_peak of 4.2 g/ml (range: 0.4-34.4 g/ml), CoV of 0.36 (range 0.06-0.85) and BTV of 2.35 ml (range 0.03-22.29 ml). After SRS, reductions in K_i (37%), SUV_peak (50%), CoV (24%) and BTV (71%) were noted. Median SUV_peak in the lungs were 6.1 g/ml (range: 3.2-13.6 g/ml) at the initial exam and 6.3 g/ml (range: 3.8-11.8 g/ml) at the second exam.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>[¹⁸F]PSMA-1007 PET is a promising diagnostic tool for BMs from NSCLC. The uptake and heterogeneity, along with the marked reduction post-therapy, highlights its potential for monitoring treatment response.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03951142. Registered 5 October 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03951142 . EudraCT no 2018-003229-27. Registered 26 February 2019, https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2018-003229-27/NO .</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147776469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate Reference Region Calculation in Mouse Brain [¹⁸F]fallypride Studies.","authors":"Alan Miranda, Filipe Elvas, Steven Staelens","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02102-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02102-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantification of the dopamine D_2/3 receptors tracer [¹⁸F]fallypride is usually performed by defining the cerebellum (CB) as the reference region for its use in kinetic modeling. In mouse studies, [¹⁸F]fallypride is defluorinated causing gradual uptake in the skull which, in addition to extra-striatal binding, can contaminate the CB activity, therefore introducing errors in reference region kinetic modeling. Here we propose a method using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to accurately extract the reference region time activity curve (TAC) unaffected by spill-over from surrounding regions. We compared the NMF method with template-based CB reference region (erodedCB), where the region was eroded to avoid spill-over. The different methods were applied in a drug challenge study using RX821002, and compared with results obtained using [¹¹C]raclopride. Striatal and brain parametric maps of nondisplaceable binding potential (BP_ND) were calculated with the different methods, and differences between baseline and challenge were investigated. The NMF reference region TACs showed higher peak and lower tail activity compared with erodedCB. Striatal BP_ND values calculated with NMF were about 20% higher compared to those calculated with erodedCB, and difference between baseline and challenge increased using NMF (NMF: 11.5%, erodedCB: 7.0%). Parametric t-statistic maps show clusters with significant differences using NMF but not with erodedCB. [¹¹C]raclopride BP_ND differences between baseline and challenge were lower (6.1%) than with [¹⁸F]fallypride, but BP_ND variability was lower. In summary, NMF allowed us to extract reference region TACs without contamination from skull or extra-striatal uptake, which improved voxel-wise detection of differences in a drug challenge study.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective Pilot Study of ¹¹C-acetate and ¹⁸F-FDG with PET/CT and PET/MRI for Lesion Detection in Multiple Myeloma.","authors":"Kristina Yancey, Will Han, Ming Yang, Ba D Nguyen, Nan Zhang, Kristin Graf, Kevin G Shim, Erin E Wiedmeier-Nutor, Udit Yadav, Keith Stewart, Saurabh Chhabra, Leif Bergsagel, Mary Ellen Koran, Felipe Martinez, Steve Huang, Michael Roarke, Rafael Fonseca, Clifford H Shin","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02099-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02099-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the diagnostic performance of ¹¹C-acetate and ¹⁸F-FDG across hybrid PET/CT and PET/MRI platforms in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective pilot study, seven patients with MM underwent repeated-measures imaging with ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT, ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MRI, ¹¹C-acetate PET/CT, and ¹¹C-acetate PET/MRI. In addition to lesion quantification, the lesions were visually scored for conspicuity. No functional sequences or contrast-enhancement was used in the MRI protocol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>¹¹C-acetate detected a greater number of lesions and demonstrated higher visual conspicuity than ¹⁸F-FDG across both PET/CT and PET/MRI platforms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>¹¹C-acetate PET imaging may offer improved lesion detection compared to ¹⁸F-FDG in MM. Although the advantage of PET/MRI was not observed over PET/CT in this context, further studies incorporating additional MRI sequences and larger cohorts are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Optimized Fast Track Protocol to Enhance the Image Quality of 18F-FDG PET Myocardial Viability Imaging in Diabetic CAD Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Alok Mandal, Sameer Taywade, Vijayaraghavan R L, Althaf Majeed, Onjal Taywade, Rajesh Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s11307-025-02074-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-025-02074-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Standard ASNC guidelines for 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) myocardial viability imaging often yield suboptimal image quality in patients with diabetes mellitus, primarily due to altered glucose-insulin kinetics. This study evaluated an optimized fast-track (OFT) patient preparation protocol designed to improve image quality and reduce preparation time in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective, randomized controlled trial involving 50 diabetic patients with known CAD. Patients were stratified based on diabetes duration, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and HbA1C levels, then assigned to either a standard preparation group or the OFT protocol group prior to undergoing 18F-FDG PET imaging. Image quality was assessed qualitatively using a visual grading scale and semi-quantitatively using the myocardium-to-blood pool (M/B) standardized uptake value ratio. Patient preparation time (PPT) was measured from oral glucose administration to 18F-FDG injection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The OFT group demonstrated a higher proportion of interpretable scans (92% vs 64%; p = 0.017) and significantly greater M/B ratios (mean ± SD: 12.44 ± 5.37 vs 7.23 ± 3.42; p < 0.001) compared to the standard group. Median PPT was also significantly shorter in the OFT group (82 min) than in the standard group (95 min; p = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The optimized fast-track protocol significantly improves image quality and reduces patient preparation time in diabetic individuals undergoing 18F-FDG PET myocardial viability imaging. This protocol offers a practical and effective alternative to the standard ASNC approach, with potential for integration into routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo Tracking Modalities for Oncolytic Reovirus: Principles, Clinical Applications, and Translational Integration.","authors":"Malihe Rastegarpanah, Zahra Ziafati Kafi, Babak Negahdari","doi":"10.1007/s11307-026-02092-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-026-02092-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Oncolytic reovirus, particularly Pelareorep, is a promising cancer therapeutic due to selective replication in Ras-activated tumor cells and immunomodulatory effects. This review aims to critically evaluate current and emerging in vivo tracking strategies, emphasizing translational relevance and clinical implementation.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>We systematically analyzed preclinical and clinical studies employing optical imaging, nuclear imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound/photoacoustic techniques, molecular reporters, and nanoparticle-based platforms. Special focus was placed on integrating functional imaging and molecular assays in Pelareorep trials to monitor viral distribution and therapeutic response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Optical imaging offers high sensitivity for preclinical investigations; however, it is limited by shallow tissue penetration. Nuclear imaging provides quantitative, whole-body monitoring that is suitable for clinical translation, whereas MRI and ultrasound/photoacoustic modalities enable real-time visualization of both structural and functional aspects. Nanotechnology-based platforms facilitate multimodal imaging and targeted delivery, while molecular tools such as reporter genes, CRISPR-driven circuits, and viral barcoding further enhance spatiotemporal resolution. Clinical trials with Pelareorep demonstrate the feasibility of integrating imaging with molecular assays to evaluate safety, delivery efficiency, and antitumor activity. Persisting challenges include limited genome capacity, immune-mediated clearance, and suboptimal signal penetration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Emerging strategies, including synthetic biology reporters, AI-driven image analysis, biosensors, and liquid biopsies, provide scalable, patient-specific tracking solutions. This integrative framework bridges preclinical insights with clinical translation, supporting optimized design, monitoring, and personalization of oncolytic reovirus therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18760,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Imaging and Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}