Microbes and Infection最新文献_第4页

Immunostimulatory effects of Hsp70 fragments-modified DCs: A computational and experimental study in HIV vaccine design. Hsp70片段修饰dc的免疫刺激作用：HIV疫苗设计的计算和实验研究

IF 2.6 4区医学

Microbes and Infection Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2025.105480

Elahe Akbari, Alireza Milani, Parisa Moradi Pordanjani, Masoud Seyedinkhorasani, Elnaz Agi, Azam Bolhassani

{"title":"Immunostimulatory effects of Hsp70 fragments-modified DCs: A computational and experimental study in HIV vaccine design.","authors":"Elahe Akbari, Alireza Milani, Parisa Moradi Pordanjani, Masoud Seyedinkhorasani, Elnaz Agi, Azam Bolhassani","doi":"10.1016/j.micinf.2025.105480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micinf.2025.105480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with HIV-1 antigens have been explored as a promising therapeutic approach to overcome HIV-1 infection. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) can improve cross-presentation of linked antigens by DCs. Our aim was a comprehensive in silico, in vitro, and in vivo evaluation of fusion proteins comprising the N- and C-terminal regions of Hsp70 (i.e., NT-Hsp70 and CT-Hsp70) as an adjuvant linked to HIV-1 Nef antigen in development of DCs-based vaccine candidates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Computational analyses of the NT-Hsp70-Nef and CT-Hsp70-Nef fusion constructs were performed, and their structural features and docking ability with toll-like or endocytic receptors were evaluated. The effectiveness of DCs loaded with the fusion proteins in eliciting immunity was assessed in mice. Cytokine secretion levels from splenocytes exposed to single-cycle replicable (SCR) HIV-1 were also measured in vitro.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DCs pulsed with the fusion constructs induced robust cellular and humoral immune responses in mice and infected splenocytes. The CT-Hsp70 region showed better docking scores with immune receptors and superior adjuvanticity for inducing Nef-specific immune responses (Th1 and CTL activity) compared to the NT-Hsp70 region in DC-based immunization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CT-Hsp70-Nef protein demonstrated promising results in both computational and experimental analyses compared to the NT-Hsp70-Nef protein.</p>","PeriodicalId":18497,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"105480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endogenous retroviruses in neurodevelopmental, psychotic and cognitive disorders. 内源性逆转录病毒在神经发育、精神病和认知障碍中的作用。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Microbes and Infection Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2025.105479

Urs Meyer, Iris Katharina Penner

{"title":"Endogenous retroviruses in neurodevelopmental, psychotic and cognitive disorders.","authors":"Urs Meyer, Iris Katharina Penner","doi":"10.1016/j.micinf.2025.105479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micinf.2025.105479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are inherited retroviral genomic elements that integrated into the mammalian genome through germline infections and insertions during evolution. Human ERVs (HERVs) comprise approximately 8 % of the human genome and are increasingly recognized to be involved in the etiology and pathophysiology of numerous brain disorders. In this narrative review, we summarize the existing evidence linking abnormal HERV expression to neurodevelopmental and psychosis-related disorders and discuss how these retroviral elements may contribute to the heterogeneity in clinical outcomes. We also review the findings suggesting that aberrant HERV expression contribute to late-onset cognitive disorders with neurodegenerative components, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other forms of dementia. The evidence implicating abnormal HERV expression in neurodevelopmental, psychotic, and cognitive disorders is manifold and stems from diverse research fields, including human post-mortem brain studies, serological investigations, gene expression analyses, and clinical trials with HERV-specific pharmacological compounds. The recent establishment and use of animal models offer a complementary experimental platform that will help establish causal relationships and identify specific disease pathways affected by abnormal HERV expression. Yet, significant gaps persist in understanding the role of HERVs in neurodevelopmental, psychotic, and cognitive disorders, particularly concerning the specificity and stability of abnormal HERV expression in these conditions. Addressing these questions appears crucial for optimizing the potential benefits of therapeutic interventions aimed at targeting abnormal HERV expression across the broad spectrum of HERV-associated disorders of the central nervous system.</p>","PeriodicalId":18497,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"105479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of immune-associated genes involved in latent Mycobacterium marinum infection 鉴定参与潜伏分枝杆菌感染的免疫相关基因。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Microbes and Infection Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105407

Pingping Jia , Shize Peng , Yi Zhang , Jianyuan Zhao , Qianqian Zhao , Xiaoxiao Wu , Fangqi Shen , Kai Sun , Liyan Yu , Shan Cen

{"title":"Identification of immune-associated genes involved in latent Mycobacterium marinum infection","authors":"Pingping Jia , Shize Peng , Yi Zhang , Jianyuan Zhao , Qianqian Zhao , Xiaoxiao Wu , Fangqi Shen , Kai Sun , Liyan Yu , Shan Cen","doi":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tuberculosis (TB) is a high mortality infectious disease caused by <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (Mtb), and often develops into latent infection. About 5～10% of latent infections turn into active tuberculosis when the host immune system becomes deficient. Therefore, exploring the latent infection mechanism of Mtb is pivotal for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis. We first established the zebrafish latent infection model and the chronic infection model utilizing <em>Mycobacterium marinum</em>, which has the highly similar gene background to Mtb. Using the latent infection model, we characterized the gene expression profiles and found 462 genes expressed differentially in the latent period and chronic tuberculosis infection. These differentially expressed genes are involved in various biological processes including transcription, transcriptional regulation, organism development, and immune responses. Among them, nineteen immune-related genes were found to express differentially in the latent period. By analyzing immune related protein network, the genes in the center of the network, including Nos2b, TNFα, IL1, TNFβ, TLR1, TLR2, and TLR4b, displayed significant deferential expression in latent infection and chronic infection period of zebrafish, suggesting that these genes might play an important role in controlling latent infection of Mtb. Identifying immune biomarker related to the status of tuberculosis latent infection might lead to novel strategy for diagnosis and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18497,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Infection","volume":"27 2","pages":"Article 105407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microneedle-based arrays – Breakthrough strategy for the treatment of bacterial and fungal skin infections 微针阵列--治疗细菌和真菌皮肤感染的突破性策略。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Microbes and Infection Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105426

Oliwia Kordyl , Zuzanna Styrna , Monika Wojtyłko , Bozena Michniak-Kohn , Tomasz Osmałek

{"title":"Microneedle-based arrays – Breakthrough strategy for the treatment of bacterial and fungal skin infections","authors":"Oliwia Kordyl , Zuzanna Styrna , Monika Wojtyłko , Bozena Michniak-Kohn , Tomasz Osmałek","doi":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, fungal and bacterial skin infections rank among the most challenging public health problems due to the increasing prevalence of microorganisms and the development of resistance to available drugs. A major issue in treating these infections with conventional topical medications is the poor penetration through the <em>stratum corneum</em>, the outermost layer of the skin. The concept of microneedles seems to be a future-proof approach for delivering drugs directly into deeper tissues. By bypassing the skin barrier, microneedle systems allow therapeutic substances to reach deeper layers more efficiently, significantly improving treatment outcomes. Nonetheless, the primary challenges regarding the effectiveness of microneedles involve selecting the appropriate size and shape, along with polymer composition and fabrication technology, to enable controlled and efficient drug release. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the latest knowledge on microneedle types and manufacturing techniques, highlighting their potential effectiveness in treating bacterial and fungal skin infections. It includes updated statistics on infection prevalence and provides a detailed examination of common bacterial and fungal diseases, focusing on their symptoms, causative species, and treatment methods. Additionally, the review addresses safety considerations, regulatory aspects, and future perspectives for microneedle-based therapeutic systems. It also underscores the importance of industrialization and clinical translation efforts, emphasizing the significant potential of microneedle technology for advancing medical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18497,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Infection","volume":"27 2","pages":"Article 105426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cutibacterium acnes as an overseen autoimmunity trigger: Unearthing heat-shock driven molecular mimicry 痤疮分枝杆菌是一种被忽视的自身免疫诱因：揭示热冲击驱动的分子拟态

IF 2.6 4区医学

Microbes and Infection Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105420

Jelena Repac, Bojan Božić, Biljana Božić Nedeljković

{"title":"Cutibacterium acnes as an overseen autoimmunity trigger: Unearthing heat-shock driven molecular mimicry","authors":"Jelena Repac, Bojan Božić, Biljana Božić Nedeljković","doi":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Cutibacterium acnes</em>, common resident of the human skin, can establish both commensal and pathogenic relations with the human host; however, long-term consequences of <em>C. acnes-</em>induced inflammation remained un(der)explored. To infer the capacity of triggering autoimmunity in humans <em>via</em> molecular mimicry, a comprehensive immunoinformatics analysis of the experimentally characterized <em>C. acnes</em> proteome was performed. The protocol included homology screening between the <em>C. acnes</em> and the human proteome, and validation of shared specificity regions against the collection of experimentally characterized T-cell epitopes, related to autoimmunity. To obtain highly reliable predictions, the results were subjected to additional cross-validation by a dedicated MHC-restriction analysis, including a docking study of <em>C. acnes</em> mimotopes and human counterparts with the highest degree of sequence similarity to MHCII molecules representing the highest risk for detected autoimmune pathologies. Due to mimicking of highly immunogenic, but also evolutionary conserved autoantigens from the Heat Shock protein family, association between <em>C. acnes</em> and the pathogenesis of highly incident autoimmune diseases: Type 1 Diabetes, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, was found. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first one to provide preliminary information and a mechanistic link on the putative involvement of <em>C. acnes</em> in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity in humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18497,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Infection","volume":"27 2","pages":"Article 105420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microbiota transfer early after birth modulates genetic susceptibility to chronic arthritis in mice 出生后早期的微生物群转移可调节小鼠对慢性关节炎的遗传易感性。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Microbes and Infection Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105411

Andrea Borrego , Wafa Hanna Koury Cabrera , Alanis Tiozzo Souza , Silas Fernandes Eto , Silvio Luis de Oliveira , Josias Rodrigues , José Ricardo Jensen

{"title":"Microbiota transfer early after birth modulates genetic susceptibility to chronic arthritis in mice","authors":"Andrea Borrego , Wafa Hanna Koury Cabrera , Alanis Tiozzo Souza , Silas Fernandes Eto , Silvio Luis de Oliveira , Josias Rodrigues , José Ricardo Jensen","doi":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genetics is central to the susceptibility or resistance to autoimmunity, and mounting evidence indicates that the intestinal microbiota also plays an essential role. In murine arthritis models, short-chain fat acid supplementation reduces disease severity by modulating tryptophan-metabolizing bacteria. Common microbiota transfer methods modulate arthritis severity, however, they are not practical for chronic models such as pristane-induced arthritis (PIA). PIA-resistant (HIII) and PIA-susceptible (LIII) mice harbor diverse intestinal microbiomes, which might be implicated in their divergent susceptibility. To investigate this hypothesis, we used cross-fostering to stably transfer the microbiota. In this study, we show that extreme susceptibility to arthritis can be modulated by early microbiota transfer, with long-lasting effects. HIII and LIII pups were cross-fostered and injected with pristane after weaning. PIA severity in cross-fostered LIII mice was significantly reduced in the chronic phase. Metagenomic analyses showed that HIII and LIII microbiomes were partly shifted by cross-fostering. Microbial groups whose abundance was associated with either HIII or LIII mice presented similar composition in cross-fostered mice of the opposite strains, suggesting a role in PIA susceptibility. Identification of bacterial groups that modulate chronic arthritis will contribute novel insights on the pathogenesis of human rheumatoid arthritis and targets for replication and functional studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18497,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Infection","volume":"27 2","pages":"Article 105411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142109246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phylogenetic analysis of Mycobacterium caprae highlights past and present epidemiological links at the Iberian Peninsula scale Caprae 分枝杆菌的系统发育分析凸显了伊比利亚半岛过去和现在的流行病学联系。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Microbes and Infection Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105405

André C. Pereira , Bernat Pérez de Val , Mónica V. Cunha

{"title":"Phylogenetic analysis of Mycobacterium caprae highlights past and present epidemiological links at the Iberian Peninsula scale","authors":"André C. Pereira , Bernat Pérez de Val , Mónica V. Cunha","doi":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycobacterium caprae</em> is linked to regular outbreaks of tuberculosis (TB) in geographically distinct caprine populations across Europe, namely Iberia where this ecovar may represent up to 8% of total animal TB cases, circulating in multi-host communities encompassing domestic ruminants and wildlife, representing severe financial losses. It also causes zoonotic human disease. In this work, we undertake the first phylodynamic and phylogeographic analyses of <em>M. caprae</em> to reconstruct past demography and transmission chains. First, we examined the worldwide diversity of <em>M. caprae</em> based on 229 unpublished and publicly available whole genome sequences, depicting Asian, Central-East European, and Iberian clades. Phylodynamic analyses of the SB0157 Iberian clade (n = 81) positioned the most recent common ancestor in goats, around 100 years ago. Host transition events were common between goats, wild boars, and humans, possibly resulting from mixed farming, extensive management, and close human proximity, facilitating interspecific transmission. We show the spread of <em>M. caprae</em> on multiple scales due to local and transnational animal trade, supporting historical and sustained cross-species transmission in Iberia. We highlight the value of intersecting genomic epidemiology with molecular ecology to resolve epidemiological links and show that an EU-official eradication program in goats is utterly needed to control TB in a multi-host scenario.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18497,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Infection","volume":"27 2","pages":"Article 105405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The replacement of ergosterol with alternative sterols affects the physiological function of the yeast plasma membrane, including its H+-ATPase activity and resistance to antifungal drugs 用替代固醇取代麦角甾醇会影响酵母质膜的生理功能，包括其 H+-ATP 酶活性和对抗真菌药物的抗性。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Microbes and Infection Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105409

Marie Kodedová , Martin Valachovič , Hana Sychrová

{"title":"The replacement of ergosterol with alternative sterols affects the physiological function of the yeast plasma membrane, including its H+-ATPase activity and resistance to antifungal drugs","authors":"Marie Kodedová , Martin Valachovič , Hana Sychrová","doi":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sterols perform essential structural and signalling functions in living organisms. Ergosterol contributes to the fluidity, permeability, microdomain formation and functionality of proteins in the yeast membrane. In our study, desmosterol was the most successful at compensating for the lack of ergosterol in <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>, besides stigmasterol and sitosterol. These three sterols supported cell growth without causing severe morphological defects, unlike cholesterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol, lathosterol, cholestanol or lanosterol. Together with ergosterol, they were also able to bring the plasma membrane potential of <em>hem1</em>Δ cells closer to the level of the wild type. In addition, desmosterol conferred even higher thermotolerance to yeast than ergosterol. Some sterols counteracted the antifungal toxicity of polyenes, azoles and terbinafine to <em>hem1</em>Δ cells. Plant sterols (stigmasterol, sitosterol) and desmosterol ensured the glucose-induced activation of H<sup>+</sup>-ATPase in <em>hem1</em>Δ cells analogously to ergosterol, whereas cholesterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol were less effective. Exogenous ergosterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol, desmosterol and cholesterol also improved the growth of <em>Candida glabrata</em> and <em>Candida albicans</em> in the presence of inhibitory concentration of fluconazole. The proper incorporation of exogenous sterols into the membrane with minimal adverse side effects on membrane functions was mainly influenced by the structure of the sterol acyl chain, and less by their ring structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18497,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Infection","volume":"27 2","pages":"Article 105409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142073156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-resolution kinetics and cellular determinants of SARS-CoV-2 antibody response over two years after COVID-19 vaccination 接种 COVID-19 疫苗两年后，SARS-CoV-2 抗体反应的高分辨率动力学和细胞决定因素。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Microbes and Infection Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105423

Rocío Rubio , Dídac Macià , Diana Barrios , Marta Vidal , Alfons Jiménez , Luis M. Molinos-Albert , Natalia Díaz , Mar Canyelles , Maria Lara-Escandell , Cyril Planchais , Pere Santamaria , Carlo Carolis , Luis Izquierdo , Ruth Aguilar , Gemma Moncunill , Carlota Dobaño

{"title":"High-resolution kinetics and cellular determinants of SARS-CoV-2 antibody response over two years after COVID-19 vaccination","authors":"Rocío Rubio , Dídac Macià , Diana Barrios , Marta Vidal , Alfons Jiménez , Luis M. Molinos-Albert , Natalia Díaz , Mar Canyelles , Maria Lara-Escandell , Cyril Planchais , Pere Santamaria , Carlo Carolis , Luis Izquierdo , Ruth Aguilar , Gemma Moncunill , Carlota Dobaño","doi":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) studies usually rely on cross-sectional data of large cohorts but limited repeated samples, overlooking significant inter-individual antibody kinetic differences. By combining Luminex, activation-induced marker (AIM) and IFN-γ/IL-2 Fluorospot assays, we characterized the IgM, IgA, and IgG antibody kinetics using 610 samples from 31 healthy adults over two years after COVID-19 vaccination, and the T-cell responses six months post-booster. Antibody trajectories varied among isotypes: IgG decayed slowly, IgA exhibited an initial sharp decline, which gradually slowed down and stabilized above the seropositivity threshold. Contrarily, IgM rapidly dropped to undetectable levels after primary vaccination. Importantly, three vaccine doses induced higher and more durable anti-spike IgG and IgA levels compared to two doses, whereas infection led to the highest antibody peak and slowest antibody decay rate compared to vaccination. Comparing with ancestral virus, antibody levels recognizing Omicron subvariants had a faster antibody decay. Finally, polyfunctional T cells were positively associated with subsequent IgA responses. These results revealed distinctive antibody patterns by isotype and highlight the benefits of booster doses in enhancing and sustaining antibody responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18497,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Infection","volume":"27 2","pages":"Article 105423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142290890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intragenomic diversity of the small subunit rDNA gene shows limited impact on the pathogenicity of Blastocystis infection in clinical patients 小亚基 rDNA 基因的基因组内多样性对临床患者感染大疱菌的致病性影响有限

IF 2.6 4区医学

Microbes and Infection Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105422

Laura Seijas-Pereda , Pamela C. Köster , Alejandro Dashti , Begoña Bailo , Isabel Guadano-Procesi , Carlos Rescalvo-Casas , Marcos Hernando-Gozalo , Juan Cuadros-González , David Carmena , Ramón Pérez-Tanoira

{"title":"Intragenomic diversity of the small subunit rDNA gene shows limited impact on the pathogenicity of Blastocystis infection in clinical patients","authors":"Laura Seijas-Pereda , Pamela C. Köster , Alejandro Dashti , Begoña Bailo , Isabel Guadano-Procesi , Carlos Rescalvo-Casas , Marcos Hernando-Gozalo , Juan Cuadros-González , David Carmena , Ramón Pérez-Tanoira","doi":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The clinical significance of <em>Blastocystis</em> sp. remains to be fully elucidated. This study assesses whether <em>Blastocystis</em> subtype diversity can affect the outcome of the infection and the occurrence of clinical manifestations in infected individuals. Stool samples from 219 <em>Blastocystis</em>-positive patients by PCR targeting the <em>ssu</em> rDNA gene were fully genotyped by Sanger sequencing analyses. Co-infections by other parasitic, viral, and bacterial enteropathogens were identified by molecular and culture methods. Sequence analyses revealed the presence of six <em>Blastocystis</em> subtypes including ST1 (21.5 %), ST2 (17.8 %), ST3 (29.7 %), ST4 (22.8 %), ST6 (5.5 %), and ST7 (2.3 %), with a single sample harbouring a ST1+ST3 co-infection (0.5 %). Multivariate risk factor analyses using logistic regression models indicated that neither <em>Blastocystis</em> subtypes nor patient-associated variables including sex, country of origin, travelling history, and presence of nonspecific symptoms were positively associated with a higher likelihood of developing gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain and diarrhoea). However, being of a young age (p-value: 0.003) and experiencing skin pruritus (p-value < 0.001) and eosinophilia (p-value: 0.016) were found to increase the odds of presenting gastrointestinal symptoms. <em>Blastocystis</em> subtypes based on variability within the <em>ssu</em> rDNA gene do not seem to be the main drivers of clinical manifestations in the surveyed clinical population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18497,"journal":{"name":"Microbes and Infection","volume":"27 2","pages":"Article 105422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142260936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0