Metabolites最新文献

{"title":"Metabolic Fingerprinting of Blood and Urine of Dairy Cows Affected by Bovine Leukemia Virus: A Mass Spectrometry Approach.","authors":"Dawid Tobolski, Grzegorz Zwierzchowski, Roman Wójcik, Klevis Haxhiaj, David S Wishart, Burim N Ametaj","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110624","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated metabolic changes associated with bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection in dairy cows, focusing on pre-parturition alterations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Metabolite identification in serum and urine samples was performed using a targeted metabolomics method, employing the TMIC Prime kit in combination with flow injection analysis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 145 cows examined, 42 (28.9%) were BLV-seropositive. Around 38% of infected cows showed high somatic cell counts indicative of subclinical mastitis, with 15 experiencing additional health issues such as ketosis, milk fever, and lameness. Despite these conditions, no significant differences in milk yield or composition were observed between the infected and control groups. Metabolomic analysis conducted at -8 and -4 weeks prepartum revealed significant metabolic differences between BLV-infected and healthy cows. At -8 weeks, 30 serum metabolites were altered, including sphingomyelins, lysophosphatidylcholines, amino acids, and acylcarnitines, suggesting disruptions in membrane integrity, energy metabolism, and immune function indicative of early neoplastic transformations. By -4 weeks, the number of altered metabolites decreased to 17, continuing to reflect metabolic disruptions in cows with leukemia. Multivariate analysis highlighted distinct metabolic profiles between infected and control cows, identifying key discriminating metabolites such as choline, aspartic acid, phenylalanine, and arginine. Urine metabolomics revealed significant prepartum shifts in metabolites related to glucose, asymmetric dimethylarginine, and pyruvic acid, among others.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The research confirmed metabolomics' efficacy in defining a BLV infection metabolic profile, elucidating leukosis-associated metabolic disruptions. This approach facilitates the identification of BLV-infected cows and enhances understanding of infection pathophysiology, providing a foundation for advanced management and intervention strategies in dairy herds. The study underscores the profound impact of leukosis on metabolic processes and highlights urine metabolomics' utility in non-invasively detecting BLV infection, offering the potential for improved herd health management.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive LC-MS Metabolomics Assay for Quantitative Analysis of Serum and Plasma.","authors":"Lun Zhang, Jiamin Zheng, Mathew Johnson, Rupasri Mandal, Meryl Cruz, Miriam Martínez-Huélamo, Cristina Andres-Lacueva, David S Wishart","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110622","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Targeted metabolomics is often criticized for the limited metabolite coverage that it offers. Indeed, most targeted assays developed or used by researchers measure fewer than 200 metabolites. In an effort to both expand the coverage and improve the accuracy of metabolite quantification in targeted metabolomics, we decided to develop a comprehensive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay that could quantitatively measure more than 700 metabolites in serum or plasma. <b>Methods:</b> The developed assay makes use of chemical derivatization followed by reverse phase LC-MS/MS and/or direct flow injection MS (DFI-MS) in both positive and negative ionization modes to separate metabolites. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), in combination with isotopic standards and multi-point calibration curves, is used to detect and absolutely quantify the targeted metabolites. The assay has been adapted to a 96-well plate format to enable automated, high-throughput sample analysis. <b>Results:</b> The assay (called MEGA) is able to detect and quantify 721 metabolites in serum/plasma, covering 20 metabolite classes and many commonly used clinical biomarkers. The limits of detection were determined to range from 1.4 nM to 10 mM, recovery rates were from 80% to 120%, and quantitative precision was within 20%. LC-MS/MS metabolite concentrations of the NIST^® SRM^®1950 plasma standard were found to be within 15% of NMR quantified levels. The MEGA assay was further validated in a large dietary intervention study. <b>Conclusions:</b> The MEGA assay should make comprehensive quantitative metabolomics much more affordable, accessible, automatable, and applicable to large-scale clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of <i>In Vivo</i> Plant Volatiles Using Active Sampling and TD-GC×GC-TOFMS.","authors":"Sheri A Schmidt, Ewenet Yemane Mesfin, Chaminda De Silva Weeraddana, A Paulina de la Mata, Alejandro C Costamagna, James J Harynuk","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110623","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Plants constantly produce primary and secondary metabolites, and a significant fraction of these are volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Factors including the life stage of the plant, temperature, environment, and stress influence the abundance and types of VOCs emitted. The analysis of VOCs released by plants during different stages or with different conditions provides insight into plant metabolism and stress responses. Collecting the VOC profiles of plants <i>in vivo</i> makes it possible to obtain a representative sample of the entire plant volatilome under controlled conditions with minimal invasiveness. In addition, <i>in vivo</i> sampling can also be used to compare the impacts of different environmental conditions or stressors on plants, i.e., the presence/absence of a pest or amount of nitrogen in soil. <b>Methods:</b> In this study, an <i>in vivo</i> plant sampling technique is introduced and validated using active sampling and thermal desorption (TD) tubes with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TD-GC×GC-TOFMS). The purpose of this work is to highlight a novel technique to analyze headspace secondary plant metabolites with a minimal invasiveness. <b>Results:</b> It was concluded that <i>in vivo</i> active sampling onto TD tubes provides a wider global coverage of compounds and larger peak areas when compared to extraction by solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Additionally, the Horwitz ratio of active sampling onto TD tubes was 0.893, demonstrating this technique to be a reliable and reproducible method. Lastly, a variety of plants were sampled to assess the versatility of this technique across various plant species with different sizes and volatile profiles. Hundreds of compounds were measured with this analysis, including terpenes, aldehydes, ketones, terpenoids, and alcohols. <b>Conclusions:</b> This novel <i>in vivo</i> active sampling method provides an additional technique for extracting and analyzing volatile secondary plant metabolites.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142729819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Roles of the Circadian Rhythms in Metabolic Disease and Health.","authors":"Letizia Galasso, Lucia Castelli, Eleonora Bruno","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110621","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronobiology is the field of study focused on understanding the temporal patterns of biological functions, specifically examining the regular cycles or oscillations in these processes [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic Transcriptomics of Broilers with Low and High Feed Conversion in Response to Caloric Restriction.","authors":"Adewunmi O Omotoso, Henry Reyer, Michael Oster, Siriluck Ponsuksili, Barbara Metzler-Zebeli, Klaus Wimmers","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110625","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In broiler chickens, the efficient utilization of macro- and micronutrients is influenced by various metabolic pathways that are closely linked to feed efficiency (FE), a critical metric in poultry industry, with residual feed intake (RFI) as the preferred proxy. Feed restriction is considered an approach to address the underlying molecular mechanisms of feed conversion. We hypothesized that broiler chickens with divergent RFI subjected to quantitative feed restriction differ in their pattern of molecular pathways for efficient nutrient utilization in liver as post-absorptive tissue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cobb 500FF broiler chickens divergent for RFI (<i>n</i> = 112) were feed-restricted from day 9 until market weight at day 33-37 post-hatch. Based on a previous trial, feed restriction levels were set at 92% (low-RFI birds) and 80% (high-RFI birds) relative to the control groups. Transcriptomic analyses of the liver were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Due to the interaction of the RFI group and feeding regimen, a total of 140 to 507 differentially expressed genes were identified for the respective contrasts, with implications for hepatic metabolism and cellular stress response. Although the broilers did not realize their full growth potential under restrictive feeding (12.4% reduced body weight vs. controls, <i>p</i> = 0.094), the gene expression patterns indicate a lower susceptibility to blood coagulation (<i>KNG1</i>, <i>FGG</i>, and <i>FGB</i>), suggesting that controlled and mild feed restriction could lead to health benefits in less feed-efficient broilers. Moreover, FE traits are shown to be linked to cellular detoxification processes (<i>MGST3</i> and <i>CYP2AC2</i>) and triacylglycerol syntheses (<i>MOGAT1</i> and LPIN1).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Divergent transcriptional profiles between broiler groups under varied caloric conditions indicate potential for optimizing nutritional management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Roles of Vitamin D Levels, Gla-Rich Protein (GRP) and Matrix Gla Protein (MGP), and Inflammatory Markers in Predicting Mortality in Intensive Care Patients: A New Biomarker Link?","authors":"Fatih Seğmen, Semih Aydemir, Onur Küçük, Recep Dokuyucu","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110620","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110620","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;Identifying reliable biomarkers to predict mortality in critically ill patients is crucial for optimizing management in intensive care units (ICUs). Inflammatory and metabolic markers are increasingly recognized for their prognostic value. This study aims to evaluate the association of various inflammatory and metabolic markers with ICU mortality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This prospective observational study was conducted from January 2023 to January 2024 in the City Hospital's ICU. A total of 160 critically ill patients were enrolled. Laboratory parameters, including white blood cell (WBC) count, red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet count, neutrophil count, mean platelet volume (MPV), monocyte count, lymphocyte count, procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), calcium (Ca&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;), and vitamin D levels, were analyzed. Additionally, ratios such as the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic inflammatory index (SII), and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) were calculated. Plasma levels of Gla-rich protein (GRP) and dephosphorylated uncarboxylated matrix Gla protein (dp-ucMGP) were measured using ELISA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The mean age of the patients included in the study was 60.5 ± 15.8 years. Cardiovascular disease was present in 72 patients (45%), respiratory system disease in 58 (36%), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in 38 (24%). Additionally, 61 patients (38%) had diabetes, and 68 (42%) had hypertension. Inflammatory markers, including PLR, NLR, and PIV, were all significantly higher in non-survivors, while calcium and vitamin D levels were lower (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Higher WBC, RDW, neutrophil count, PLR, NLR, PIV, CRP, procalcitonin, GRP, and dp-ucMGP levels were positively correlated with longer hospital stays and increased mortality. In contrast, platelet and lymphocyte counts were negatively correlated with both outcomes (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Vitamin D levels showed an inverse relationship with both hospital stay and mortality, indicating that lower levels were associated with worse outcomes (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). In multiple logistic regression analysis, elevated WBC count (OR = 1.20, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.02), RDW (OR = 1.35, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01), neutrophil count (OR = 1.25, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01), MPV (OR = 1.20, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.02), PLR (OR = 1.30, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01), NLR (OR = 1.40, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), PIV (OR = 1.50, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), CRP (OR = 1.32, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01), procalcitonin (OR = 1.45, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), GRP (OR = 1.40, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), and dp-ucMGP (OR = 1.30, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001) levels were significantly associated with increased mortality.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Inflammatory and metabolic markers, particularly NLR, PLR, PIV, GRP, and dp-ucMGP, are strong predictors of mortality in ICU patients. These markers provide valuable insights for risk stratification and early identification of high-risk patients, potentially guiding more ","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the Characteristics of Fruiting Bodies in <i>Lentinus edodes</i>: The Impact of Rolipram-Induced cAMP Modulation.","authors":"Hongman Li, Fei Chen, Chong Xu, Yanhua Wang, Chunhai Deng, Qingguo Meng, Weiwei Zhu","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110619","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Strains XG04 and XGT2 of <i>Lentinus edodes</i> (Berk.) Singer demonstrate a high degree of genomic similarity, with XGT2 representing a systematic selection of XG04 and exhibiting enhanced phenotypic traits. <b>Methods:</b> An investigation into the differences between these strains was conducted using untargeted metabolomics to identify potential causal factors. Five exogenous inducers were assessed for their relationship with the observed phenotypes, and their impacts on fruiting body characteristics were analyzed. <b>Results:</b> Notably, the exogenous inducer rolipram, at a concentration of 0.4%, was found to increase cAMP expression levels in <i>L. edodes</i> primordia, which subsequently affected gill development, leading to the formation of gill-free fruiting bodies. Morphological differences between the two strains were evident; XG04 exhibited a spherical morphology with absent gills, rendering it commercially unviable, whereas XGT2 displayed a thicker cap and a more robust stipe, maintaining its characteristic umbrella shape. <b>Conclusions:</b> As the concentration of rolipram increased, both cap retraction and gill reduction in XGT2 occurred in a dose-dependent manner. The endogenous cAMP levels in the fruiting bodies were measured before and after rolipram treatment, revealing that the cap retraction and gill reduction in XGT2 progressed in a dose-dependent manner alongside increasing cAMP expression levels. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between cAMP levels and rolipram concentration. This study provides a foundation for improving the quality and productivity of mushroom cultivation by manipulating fruiting body characteristics through external stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Association of Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis with Vitamin B12: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Silvia Espina, Diego Casas-Deza, Vanesa Bernal-Monterde, Ana Royo-Esteban, Maria Pilar García-Sobreviela, Pilar Calmarza, Ana B Martinez-Martinez, Jesús Osada, Jose M Arbones-Mainar","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110618","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are conflicting studies reporting both an increase and a decrease in vitamin B12 (VB12) levels in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we aimed to dissect the effects of steatosis and fibrosis on VB12.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study including all patients with a vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) performed at the Hospital Miguel Servet (Zaragoza, Spain) between 2019 and 2022 for a chronic liver disease and having a recent blood test for VB12 levels. Liver fibrosis was assessed by VCTE and hepatic steatosis by ultrasonography and/or through controlled attenuation parameter (CAP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1195 patients (NAFLD <i>n</i> = 441, other chronic liver disease <i>n</i> = 754) were included. Median age was 57 years, 53% female. Patients with NAFLD had lower levels of VB12 compared to the rest of chronic liver diseases (289 vs. 313 pg/mL, <i>p</i> < 0.001). A significant negative correlation was observed between VB12 levels and hepatic steatosis measured by CAP (<i>r</i> = -0.13, <i>p</i> < 0.001). A significant positive correlation was observed between VB12 levels and liver stiffness in patients with NAFLD in both sexes (men <i>r</i> = 0.31, <i>p</i> < 0.001 and women <i>r</i> = 0.15, <i>p</i> = 0.016). A significant association between VB12 levels and liver fibrosis in cirrhosis stage was observed in patients with NAFLD (OR 1.06, 95% CI, 1.025-1.098, <i>p</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VB12 levels were lower with greater hepatic steatosis. In NAFLD, VB12 levels were lower compared to other chronic liver diseases but their levels increased with higher liver stiffness and in cirrhosis stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11597091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Insights into COVID-19 Severity: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Eric Pimentel, Mohammad Mehdi Banoei, Jasnoor Kaur, Chel Hee Lee, Brent W Winston","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110617","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2019, SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus, entered the world scene, presenting a global health crisis with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Recognizing the significance of metabolomics as the omics closest to symptomatology, it has become a useful tool for predicting clinical outcomes. Several metabolomic studies have indicated variations in the metabolome corresponding to different disease severities, highlighting the potential of metabolomics to unravel crucial insights into the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PRISMA guidelines were followed for this scoping review. Three major scientific databases were searched: PubMed, the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and BioMed Central, from 2020 to 2024. Initially, 2938 articles were identified and vetted with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these, 42 articles were retrieved for analysis and summary.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Metabolites were identified that were repeatedly noted to change with COVID-19 and its severity. Phenylalanine, glucose, and glutamic acid increased with severity, while tryptophan, proline, and glutamine decreased, highlighting their association with COVID-19 severity. Additionally, pathway analysis revealed that phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and arginine biosynthesis were the most significantly impacted pathways in COVID-19 severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>COVID-19 severity is intricately linked to significant metabolic alterations that span amino acid metabolism, energy production, immune response modulation, and redox balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Explain the Crisping Mechanisms of Broad Bean-Based Crisping Diets on Nile Tilapia (<i>Orechromis niloticus</i>).","authors":"Xiaogang He, Haoming Shu, Tian Xu, Minhui Yu, Honglin Li, Yanru Hu, Jiajun Mo, Chunxiang Ai","doi":"10.3390/metabo14110616","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo14110616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> To investigate the crisping mechanism of broad bean-based crisping diets on Nile Tilapia. <b>Methods:</b> Four crisping diets were designed to feed 360 fish for 90 days, and multiomics analyses were employed. <b>Results:</b> Our results indicated that the designed crisping diets for Nile tilapia can effectively make tilapia muscle crispy. The ingestion of broad bean-based diets induced metabolic reprogramming dominated by glycolytic metabolism inhibition in fish, and metabolic reprogramming is the initiator of muscle structural remodeling. Among these, glucose is the main DAMP to be recognized by cellular PRRs, activating further immune response and oxidative stress and finally resulting in muscle change. <b>Conclusions:</b> Based on our results of multiomics, <i>pck2</i>, and <i>ldh</i> played main roles in crisping molecular mechanisms in driving the initial metabolic reprogram. Moreover, the addition of the crisping package further activated the ErbB signaling pathway and downstream MAPK signaling pathway to strengthen immune response, promoting muscle fiber development and growth. Our study delved into the effects of crisping formula diet on the liver of Nile tilapia at the molecular level, providing theoretical guidance for the nutritional regulation of crispy Nile tilapia.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11596958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}