Metabolites最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Bioimpedance-Determined Metabolic Age and MASLD Risk Scores in Spanish Workers.","authors":"Ignacio Ramírez-Gallegos, Carla Busquets-Cortes, Hernán Paublini, Ángel Arturo López-González, Emilio Martínez-Almoyna-Rifá, Pedro Juan Tárraga López, José Ignacio Ramírez-Manent","doi":"10.3390/metabo15050343","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo15050343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent liver disorder with significant metabolic implications. Metabolic age, determined through bioimpedance analysis, has emerged as a potential indicator of overall metabolic health. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between metabolic age and MASLD risk scores in a cohort of Spanish workers. <b>Methods</b>: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 8590 Spanish workers who underwent annual occupational health examinations between 2019 and 2020. Metabolic age was determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis, and the Avoidable Lost Life Years (ALLY) index was calculated as the difference between their metabolic and chronological age. MASLD risk was assessed using various validated scales, including the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI), Zhejiang University Index (ZJU), Fatty Liver Disease Index (FLD), and Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP). A multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between metabolic age and MASLD risk scores, adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. <b>Results</b>: Higher metabolic age values were observed in individuals with greater MASLD risk across all evaluated scales. The mean metabolic age was consistently lower in women compared to men, and these differences were statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that the strongest associations with increased metabolic age were found for MASLD risk scores, physical inactivity, and poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet. ROC curve analysis demonstrated a high predictive capacity for the FLD (AUC: 0.935 in women and 0.917 in men) and FLI (AUC: 0.900 in women and 0.833 in men), with high Youden index values. <b>Conclusions</b>: Metabolic age is significantly associated with MASLD risk, suggesting its potential as a non-invasive biomarker for identifying individuals with a higher risk for metabolic liver disease. Lifestyle factors, including physical activity and dietary patterns, play a crucial role in modulating metabolic age, highlighting the importance of targeted interventions for MASLD prevention. Further research is warranted to validate metabolic age as a prognostic tool in MASLD risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¹H NMR-Based Analysis to Determine the Metabolomics Profile of <i>Solanum nigrum</i> L. (Black Nightshade) Grown in Greenhouse Versus Open-Field Conditions.","authors":"Lufuno Ethel Nemadodzi, Gudani Millicent Managa, Ndivho Nemukondeni","doi":"10.3390/metabo15050344","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo15050344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Equally with other indigenous green leafy vegetables, <i>Solunum nigrum</i> L. has been widely consumed by the VhaVenda tribe found in the Limpopo Province of South Africa since ancient times as a source of food diversification due to its higher-quality nutritional value, sustainability, food security, and medicinal benefits. It is mostly cultivated from seeds in seedling trays and transplanted in the open field, and at the maturity stage, marketing and distribution are mainly conducting through informal markets (i.e., street vendors). However, recently, it can be found in selected supermarkets and commercial grocery stores in South Africa. The leaves and young shoots of <i>S. nigrum</i> are cooked solely and/or as a supplementary vegetable with <i>Brassica rapa</i> L. subsp. <i>chinensis</i> (Chinese cabbage), <i>Spinacia oleracea</i> L. (spinach), <i>Amaranthus graecizans</i> L. (green amaranth), <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L. (tomato), and/or cooking oil for flavor.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Contrary to other green leafy vegetables, few studies have been conducted on the metabolites released by <i>S. nigrum</i> and the influence of growing conditions on the metabolites thereof.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance tool was used to identify the untargeted metabolites released by <i>S. nigrum</i>, and spectra were phase-corrected and binned with MestReNova and statistically analyzed with SIMCA 18.0.2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings showed that a total of 12 metabolites were detected between the growing conditions. Eleven similar metabolites, such as glycocholate, chlorogenate (human health benefits), caffeine for its bitter taste, choline, 3-Chlorotyrosine (antidiabetic, blood pressure), etc., and a few vital soluble sugars, were detected in <i>S. nigrum</i> samples grown in the open field and greenhouse-cultivated. Glucose was exclusively detected in the <i>S. nigrum</i> grown under greenhouse conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cadmium Exposure Disrupts Uterine Energy Metabolism and Coagulation Homeostasis During Labor in Institute of Cancer Research Mice: Insights from Transcriptomic Analysis.","authors":"Yueyang Wang, Yichen Bai, Yi Wang, Yan Cai","doi":"10.3390/metabo15050339","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo15050339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal. There are very few studies about the effects of Cd on reproductive health and metabolism, and even fewer on metabolic disorders in the uterus of mice in labor. This study is the first to establish a model of Cd exposure in the uterus of laboring mice and investigate the underlying metabolic mechanisms through transcriptomic analysis. <b>Methods:</b> Pregnant mice received intraperitoneal injections of CdCl₂ (1.5 mg/kg) on gestational days 12.5, 14.5, and 16.5 were set up as the experimental group (Cd group), and pregnant mice injected with saline were set up as the control group (CT group). A total of 738 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using DESeq2 software, including 326 upregulated genes and 412 downregulated genes. <b>Results:</b> Through enrichment databases including the KEGG, GO, Reactome, and PANTHER, we identified 76 metabolism-related DEGs and performed protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. The PPI results were visualized using Cytoscape software and further analyzed, with 18 hub genes (maximum clique centrality score > 10) identified through the MCC algorithm of the Cytohubba plugin. The results showed that the highest-scoring hub genes included <i>mt-Co2</i>, <i>mt-Co3</i>, <i>mt-Atp6</i>, <i>mt-Atp8</i>, <i>mt-Nd3</i>, and <i>mt-Nd4l</i>, which are involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism. The remaining lower-scoring hub genes were primarily associated with coagulation processes. Pathway analysis revealed hub genes predominantly involved in oxidative phosphorylation, complement and coagulation cascades, the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, and thermogenesis. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study successfully established a Cd exposure-induced uterine injury model, providing valuable references for human reproductive health research.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Raw and Bran-Fried <i>Acori tatarinowii Rhizoma</i> Based on the Intelligent Sensory Evaluation System.","authors":"Yingna Le, Zhongjian Yang, Ruiping Wang, Shaolong Ma, Yang Cui, Kun Shi, Li Xin, Jinlian Zhang, Lingyun Zhong","doi":"10.3390/metabo15050338","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo15050338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The study aimed to investigate the differences in odor, color, and taste characteristics between raw and bran-fried <i>Acori tatarinowii Rhizoma</i> (RATR and BATR) using advanced sensory evaluation technologies. The objective was to establish a reliable differential analysis method for distinguishing RATR and BATR slices to support quality control in herbal processing. <b>Methods:</b> The Heracles NEO ultra-fast gas-phase electronic nose was employed to analyze odor profiles, while electronic eye and electronic tongue technologies were used to assess color and taste differences, respectively. Odor fingerprint analysis identified key volatile components, and colorimetric and taste measurements were conducted to compare RATR and BATR samples. <b>Results:</b> Fifteen characteristic odor components were identified, with methanol, 2-propanol, and 2-cyclopentenone potentially serving as discriminant markers differentiating RATR and BATR. PCA demonstrated exceptional separation efficacy, with a cumulative contribution rate of 99.937% for the primary components. <b>Conclusions:</b> The integration of Heracles NEO electronic nose, electronic eye, and electronic tongue technologies effectively distinguished RATR from BATR. This approach provides a novel strategy for online quality monitoring in herbal slice production and offers a robust analytical framework for the identification and quality assessment of processed herbal medicines.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid Subclasses Differentiate Insulin Resistance by Triglyceride-Glucose Index.","authors":"Khaled Naja, Najeha Anwardeen, Omar Albagha, Mohamed A Elrayess","doi":"10.3390/metabo15050342","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo15050342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insulin resistance is a key driver of metabolic syndrome and related disorders, yet its underlying metabolic alterations remain incompletely understood. The Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index is an emerging, accessible marker for insulin resistance, with growing evidence supporting its clinical utility. This study aimed to characterize the metabolic profiles associated with insulin resistance using the TyG index in a large, population-based cohort, and to identify metabolic pathways potentially implicated in insulin resistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Qatar Biobank, including 1255 participants without diabetes classified as insulin-sensitive or insulin-resistant based on TyG index tertiles. Untargeted serum metabolomics profiling was performed using high-resolution mass spectrometry. Our statistical analyses included orthogonal partial least squares discriminate analysis and linear models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Distinct metabolic signatures differentiated insulin-resistant from insulin-sensitive participants. Phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols, and phosphatidylcholines, were strongly associated with insulin resistance, while plasmalogens and sphingomyelins were consistently linked to insulin sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lipid-centric pathways emerge as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the early detection and personalized management of insulin resistance and related metabolic disorders. Longitudinal studies are warranted to validate causal relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Exercise on Gut Microbiome and Serum Metabolomics in Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis Rats.","authors":"Xiaoxia Hao, Xingru Shang, Yiwen Zhang, Wenjie Hou, Ruimin Chi, Chunran Pan, Jiawei Liu, Xiaofeng Deng, Jiaming Zhang, Tao Xu","doi":"10.3390/metabo15050341","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo15050341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The aim of this work is to investigate the impact of exercise on gut microbiome composition, serum metabolites, and their correlation with osteoarthritis (OA) severity. <b>Methods:</b> Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham rats without treadmill walking (Sham/Sed group, <i>n</i> = 9), Sham rats with treadmill walking 2 months (Sham/TW2M group, <i>n</i> = 9), PTOA rats without treadmill walking (PTOA/Sed group, <i>n</i> = 9), and PTOA rats with treadmill walking 2 months (PTOA/TW2M group, <i>n</i> = 9). The PTOA model was induced by transection of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACLT) and destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). Histological evaluation and micro-CT analysis were performed to observe the pathological changes in cartilage and subchondral bone, respectively. Additionally, we conducted 16S rDNA sequencing of fecal samples and untargeted metabolomic analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) of serum samples to detect the alteration of gut microbiota composition and metabolites. <b>Results:</b> Exercise effectively mitigated OA-related pathological changes, including articular cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone loss. Moreover, 16S rDNA sequencing analysis of gut microbiome revealed a decreased abundance of <i>Bacteroidetes</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.01), <i>Bacteroidia</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.01), <i>Rikenellaceae</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.01), [<i>Paraprevotellaceae</i>] (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and <i>Paraprevotella</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.01) but an increase in <i>Firmicutes</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in PTOA/TW2M group rats compared with PTOA/Sed group as a response to exercise. In addition, the results of metabolomics analysis showed that exercise treatment contributed to the upregulation of Daidzein and Anthranilic acid and downregulation of 1-Palmitoyllysophosphatidylcholine. Moreover, the correlation analysis showed that <i>Rikenellaceae</i> significantly positively correlated with both OARSI (r = 0.81, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and Mankin score (r = 0.83, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and negatively correlated with the serum level of Anthranilic acid (r = -0.56, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and Daidzein (r = -0.46, <i>p</i> < 0.01). <b>Conclusions:</b> Exercise can effectively mitigate OA through slowing down articular cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone loss, modulating gut microbiota composition, and increasing beneficial metabolites.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Plasma-Based Metabolomic Signatures for Metastasis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Manlu Liu, Yanlong Zhu, Sean J McIlwain, Haotian Deng, Allan R Brasier, Ying Ge, Michelle E Kimple, Andrew M Baschnagel","doi":"10.3390/metabo15050340","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo15050340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: The current staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) relies on conventional imaging, which lacks the sensitivity to detect micrometastatic disease. The functional assessment of NSCLC progression may provide independent information to enhance the prediction of metastatic risk. The objective of this study was to determine if we could identify a metabolomic signature predictive of metastasis in patients with NSCLC treated with definitive radiation. <b>Methods</b>: Plasma samples were collected prospectively from patients enrolled in a clinical trial with non-metastatic NSCLC treated with definitive radiation. Metabolites were extracted, and mass spectrometry-based analysis was performed using a flow injection electrospray (FIE)-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry (MS) method. Early metastasis was defined as metastasis within 1 year of radiation treatment. <b>Results</b>: The study cohort included 28 patients. FIE-FITCR produced highly reproducible profiles in technical replicates. A total of 51 metabolic features were identified to be different in patients with early metastasis compared to patients without early metastasis (all adjusted <i>p</i>-values < 0.05, Welch's <i>t</i>-test), including glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and fatty acyls. In the follow-up samples collected after the initiation of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, a total of 174 metabolic features were significantly altered in patients who developed early metastasis compared to those who did not. <b>Conclusions</b>: We identified several distinct changes in the metabolic profiles of patients with NSCLC who developed metastatic disease within 1 year of definitive radiation. These findings highlight the potential of metabolomic profiling as a predictive tool for assessing metastatic risk in NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Markers Demonstrate the Heterogeneity of Walking Ability in Non-Disabled Community-Dwelling Older Adults.","authors":"Shanshan Yao, Ziling Mao, Megan M Marron, Eleanor M Simonsick, Venkatesh L Murthy, Ravi V Shah, Anne B Newman","doi":"10.3390/metabo15050334","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo15050334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Walking ability is important for the quality of life of older adults. A self-reported walking ability index (WAI) covering the difficulty and ease of walking captures a broader spectrum of walking ability in healthy older persons. <b>Methods</b>: Using metabolomics in the Health, Aging and Body Composition study, we identified Year 2 metabolites cross-sectionally and longitudinally related to WAI (0-9, higher scores indicate better walking ability) using probabilistic index models and multinomial logistic models, respectively. <b>Results</b>: Among 2334 participants (mean age 74.6 years, 51% women, 37% Black), 27% scored 0-5, 36% scored 6-8, and 37% scored 9 at Year 2. Over 4 years, 52% maintained a stable WAI, 6% improved, while 42% declined (22% 1-2 points and 20% >2 points decline). We identified 81 metabolites significantly associated with both poorer concurrent WAI and faster decline, including higher acylcarnitine species, shorter-chain saturated diglycerides and triglycerides, and TCA cycle intermediates (cis-aconitic, fumaric, and malic acids), and lower phospholipids levels. Eighteen additional metabolites were only associated with faster WAI decline: higher short-chain saturated triglycerides and energy metabolism markers (ATP/ADP/AMP) and lower margaric acid and glycine levels. Notably, those with improved WAI, despite poorer baseline WAI and lifestyles, showed more favorable metabolic profiles than others. <b>Conclusions</b>: Metabolites linked to the TCA cycle and energy metabolism, as well as inflammation and protein catabolism, were related to mobility function. Some metabolites might be particularly important for the early detection of older adults at risk of mobility decline. Metabolic profiles may also help identify older individuals (i.e., with improving WAI) with greater metabolic resilience to lifestyle risk factors and health conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut-Brain Inflammatory Pathways in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: The Role and Therapeutic Potential of Diet.","authors":"Naomi Lewis, Jim Lagopoulos, Anthony Villani","doi":"10.3390/metabo15050335","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo15050335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder that often persists into adulthood, leading to various adverse outcomes. Its underlying pathology is multifactorial, involving neurotransmitter imbalances, gut microbiota alterations, and oxidative and inflammatory dysregulation. Diet, a key environmental modifier of gut ecology, is consistently poorer in individuals with ADHD, with multiple nutrients implicated in its pathophysiology. This review examines the role of specific nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids, key micronutrients, and potentially harmful dietary components, as well as broader dietary patterns, particularly the Western diet and Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), in relation to ADHD symptoms. It also evaluates both whole-diet and supplement-based clinical interventions, supporting the growing recognition of nutrition as a safe and relatively affordable modifiable factor in ADHD management. Additionally, the biological mechanisms linking diet to ADHD are reviewed, highlighting strong evidence for the involvement of gut dysbiosis and inflammatory processes. Despite the well-documented antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and microbiome benefits of the MedDiet, direct research investigating its role in ADHD remains limited. Most whole-diet approaches to date have focused on elimination diets, leaving a significant gap in understanding the potential role of the MedDiet in ADHD management. Therefore, this review outlines preliminary evidence supporting the MedDiet and its key components as modulators of ADHD-related biological pathways, indicating its potential as a therapeutic approach. However, further research is required to rigorously evaluate its clinical efficacy. Finally, the limitations of observational and interventional nutritional research in ADHD are discussed, along with recommendations for future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism Study on the Preventive Effect of ELITEA Compound Tea on Hyperuricemia in Rats Based on Serum Untargeted Metabolomics.","authors":"Shulian Liu, Yongliang Zhu, Wenjiong Wang, Xianghan Zhang, Linrui Gao, Xiangjun Qiu","doi":"10.3390/metabo15050336","DOIUrl":"10.3390/metabo15050336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Hyperuricemia (HUA) has become the second largest metabolic disease after diabetes, and has become a major public health problem. The ELITEA compound tea extract can effectively reduce the serum uric acid level in HUA rat models. In this study, the mechanism of ELITEA compound tea on HUA was analyzed through serum untargeted metabolomics analysis. <b>Methods</b>: The rat model of HUA was established by feeding rats with a high uric acid diet. A total of 24 male SD rats were divided into a blank control group, a hyperuricemia model group, and an ELITEA compound tea prevention experimental group. UPLC-MS/MS was used to detect changes in metabolites in the blood of the three groups of rats, in order to identify potential biomarkers and study the mechanism of ELITEA compound tea in preventing HUA. <b>Results</b>: The ELITEA compound tea exhibited significant preventive effects on HUA rats. The analysis results showed that after ELITEA combined tea intervention, the 257 metabolites downregulated in the HUA model group showed an upward trend. Meanwhile, the 115 metabolites upregulated in the HUA model group showed a decreasing trend. Six main enrichment pathways were obtained, including arginine biosynthesis, histidine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism. <b>Conclusions</b>: ELITEA compound tea can effectively reduce the serum uric acid levels in HUA model rats. Based on the in-depth analysis of untargeted metabolomics, ELITEA compound tea mainly regulates the arginine biosynthesis pathway by modulating three important metabolites, arginine, glutamate, and ornithine, to reduce serum uric acid.</p>","PeriodicalId":18496,"journal":{"name":"Metabolites","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}