Medicine, Science and the Law最新文献_第6页

Identifying focal points to prevent traffic accidents in Japan and specific measures proposed: Aspects common to Japan and South Korea and suggested preventive measures 确定日本预防交通事故的重点，并提出具体措施：日本和韩国的共同点及建议的预防措施

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1177/00258024241245873

Ken Inoue, Tatsushige Fukunaga, Haruo Takeshita, Yasuyuki Fujita, Satomi Kameo, Masaharu Hoshi, Noriyuki Kawano

引用次数: 0

How different countries respond to adverse events whilst patients' rights are protected. 不同国家如何应对不良事件，同时保护患者的权利。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231182369

Eva Gil-Hernández, Irene Carrillo, Mary-Elizabeth Tumelty, Einav Srulovici, Kris Vanhaecht, Katharine Ann Wallis, Priscila Giraldo, María Pilar Astier-Peña, Massimiliano Panella, Sofia Guerra-Paiva, Sandra Buttigieg, Deborah Seys, Reinhard Strametz, Asier Urruela Mora, José Joaquín Mira

{"title":"How different countries respond to adverse events whilst patients' rights are protected.","authors":"Eva Gil-Hernández, Irene Carrillo, Mary-Elizabeth Tumelty, Einav Srulovici, Kris Vanhaecht, Katharine Ann Wallis, Priscila Giraldo, María Pilar Astier-Peña, Massimiliano Panella, Sofia Guerra-Paiva, Sandra Buttigieg, Deborah Seys, Reinhard Strametz, Asier Urruela Mora, José Joaquín Mira","doi":"10.1177/00258024231182369","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231182369","url":null,"abstract":"Patient safety is high on the policy agenda internationally. Learning from safety incidents is a core component in achieving the important goal of increasing patient safety. This study explores the legal frameworks in the countries to promote reporting, disclosure, and supporting healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in safety incidents. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted to ascertain an overview of the legal frameworks at national level, as well as relevant policies. ERNST (The European Researchers' Network Working on Second Victims) group peer-reviewed data collected from countries was performed to validate information. Information from 27 countries was collected and analyzed, giving a response rate of 60%. A reporting system for patient safety incidents was in place in 85.2% (N = 23) of countries surveyed, though few (37%, N = 10) were focused on systems-learning. In about half of the countries (48.1%, N = 13) open disclosure depends on the initiative of HCPs. The tort liability system was common in most countries. No-fault compensation schemes and alternative forms of redress were less common. Support for HCPs involved in patient safety incidents was extremely limited, with just 11.1% (N = 3) of participating countries reporting that supports were available in all healthcare institutions. Despite progress in the patient safety movement worldwide, the findings suggest that there are considerable differences in the approach to the reporting and disclosure of patient safety incidents. Additionally, models of compensation vary limiting patients' access to redress. Finally, the results highlight the need for comprehensive support for HCPs involved in safety incidents.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9743101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fatal hyperthermia among children in school buses: Analysis of 47 cases in China. 校车内儿童致命的高热惊厥：中国 47 例病例分析。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231183505

Tianying Sun, Lijun Ge, Meichen Pan, Kang Wang, Weiwei Zhu, Hongmei Dong

引用次数: 0

Procedural justice and forensic mental health: An introduction and future directions. 程序正义与法医心理健康：导论和未来方向。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231206865

Jack Tomlin, Sarah Markham, Ciska Wittouck, Alexander Simpson

引用次数: 0

Fatal gunshot trauma of a child: A case from colonial Cyprus. 一名儿童的致命枪伤：来自殖民地塞浦路斯的一个案例。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-24 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231202563

Constantine Eliopoulos, Konstantinos Moraitis, Matteo Borrini, Joel Irish, Xenophon Kallis, Panayiotis Manoli, Marios Chimonas, Marios Cariolou

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of acid attacks involving children in India. 印度涉及儿童的酸液攻击事件的特点。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231182351

Navpreet Kaur, Roger W Byard

{"title":"Characteristics of acid attacks involving children in India.","authors":"Navpreet Kaur, Roger W Byard","doi":"10.1177/00258024231182351","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231182351","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To examine the characteristics of acid attack survivors who were aged ≤16 years at the time of the assault. Methods: Case files from the Chhanv and the Laxmi Foundations in India were accessioned for cases of acid attacks involving children and adolescents (≤16 years). Details of the age, sex, reason for the attack, injuries sustained and possible outcomes were recorded. Results: Ten cases were identified that involved eight girls (aged 3-16 years) and two boys (12 and 14 years). The head and neck were the primary targets in all cases. The primary reasons for the attacks involving adolescent girls were punishment for refusing sexual advances from older males and family violence/child abuse. The two male victims were assaulted as part of property dispute and gang violence. Penalties varied greatly with prison sentences (when handed down) ranging from <1 year to 10 years. Conclusion: The number of cases of paediatric acid attacks appear small, with motivations for the attacks including responses to spurned sexual advances, domestic violence/child abuse, criminal gang activities and ostensibly at random. Nongovernment organisations are vital in the rehabilitation of victims. It is of concern that dissemination on social networks and publicity through the media may lead to an increase in number of cases.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9617717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diatoms in maggots; a potential tool for drowning diagnosis - A preliminary study. 蛆中的硅藻；诊断溺水的潜在工具--初步研究。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/00258024241241374

I K Badu, D Asante, E D Agyemang, K Kwaku Duah, C K Adokoh, E Girela-Lopez

{"title":"Diatoms in maggots; a potential tool for drowning diagnosis - A preliminary study.","authors":"I K Badu, D Asante, E D Agyemang, K Kwaku Duah, C K Adokoh, E Girela-Lopez","doi":"10.1177/00258024241241374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024241241374","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced putrefaction causes extensive loss of soft tissue, rendering it difficult to use the diatom test as a reliable diagnostic tool for drowning investigations. A positive diatom test in carrion insect larvae may provide significant assistance in overcoming the challenge of decomposition. The studies determined the utility of diatom test in carrion larvae on severely decomposed bodies. A modified acid digestion method involving nitric acid, K2Cr2O7 and HCl, was used to digest the blowfly larvae feeding on piglet carrion previously drowned in freshwater and sea water, respectively. Extracted diatom frustules were analysed and characterised using light microscopy coupled to a digital camera. Diatoms recovered from maggots on sea-drowned piglets were similar to diatoms from sea water (drowning medium). Centric diatoms recovered in maggots were higher (200 ± 60 diatoms/ mL) than pennate diatoms (80 ± 20 diatoms/mL). Isolated diatoms common to both maggots and water samples included Coscinodiscus sp. and Navicular spp. Albeit, there were no diatoms recovered from maggots on freshwater-drowned piglets. The findings of this study suggest that the diatom test is still a reliable diagnostic tool to determine if drowning was involved in the death of a fully decomposed body. This is the first study that isolated diatoms from maggots feeding on drowned bodies. It serves as the basis for further research into the utility of maggots for drowning investigations.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140336214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ChatGPT: Forensic, legal, and ethical issues. ChatGPT：法医、法律和伦理问题。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231191829

Ankita Guleria, Kewal Krishan, Vishal Sharma, Tanuj Kanchan

引用次数: 0

Co-location of specialized mental health services in an intimate partner violence advocacy organization. 在亲密伴侣暴力倡导组织内设立专门的心理健康服务机构。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231195496

Obianuju O Berry, Phyllis Kaufman, Marina Weiss, Elizabeth Fitelson, Catherine Monk

{"title":"Co-location of specialized mental health services in an intimate partner violence advocacy organization.","authors":"Obianuju O Berry, Phyllis Kaufman, Marina Weiss, Elizabeth Fitelson, Catherine Monk","doi":"10.1177/00258024231195496","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231195496","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, services for intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors predominantly focused on advocacy, resulting in service gaps for IPV survivors who need mental health care. When mental health services are offered, there are several barriers that limit treatment engagement. To address these gaps, a novel, integrated care model, comprised of psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, and social workers were embedded into the five New York City (NYC) Family Justice Centers (FJCs), to provide free co-located mental health care to adult survivors of IPV alongside the existing advocacy, social, and legal services. This article reports on the evaluation of the Health + Hospitals Family Justice Center Mental Health Program (FJCMHP) via: (i) seven focus groups with FJC clients and staff and Health + Hospitals (H+H) clinicians; and (ii) de-identified online surveys completed by 53 FJC clients and 130 FJC staff. Clients reported increased access to care, with 67.2% seeing a mental health clinician within two weeks of a request, and improvement in symptom relief, including sleep, mood, irritability, reduction in thoughts of self-harm, improved relationships with others, especially their children, and improved self-efficacy in parenting skills. Additionally, FJC staff reported satisfaction with the FJCMHP model, and increased understanding of clients' mental health needs. The evaluation results highlight the feasibility and tolerability of integrated mental health services in a non-medical setting. The evaluation also identifies areas for improvement, as well as the strengths of an integrated, multidisciplinary mental health service program for IPV survivors co-located in a non-medical, advocacy setting.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10041391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applicability of the Suchey-Brooks method for age estimation in an Indian population: A computed tomography-based exploration using Bayesian analysis and machine learning. Suchey-Brooks 年龄估计方法在印度人口中的适用性：利用贝叶斯分析和机器学习进行的基于计算机断层扫描的探索。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.1177/00258024231188799

Varsha Warrier, Rutwik Shedge, Pawan Kumar Garg, Shilpi Gupta Dixit, Kewal Krishan, Tanuj Kanchan

{"title":"Applicability of the Suchey-Brooks method for age estimation in an Indian population: A computed tomography-based exploration using Bayesian analysis and machine learning.","authors":"Varsha Warrier, Rutwik Shedge, Pawan Kumar Garg, Shilpi Gupta Dixit, Kewal Krishan, Tanuj Kanchan","doi":"10.1177/00258024231188799","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024231188799","url":null,"abstract":"Age estimation occupies a prominent niche in the identification process. In cases where skeletal remains present for examination, age is often estimated from markers distributed throughout the skeletal framework. Within the pelvis, the pubic symphysis constitutes one of the more commonly utilized skeletal markers for age estimation, with the Suchey-Brooks method comprising one of the more commonly employed methods for pubic symphyseal age estimation. The present study was targeted towards assessing the applicability of the Suchey-Brooks method for pubic symphyseal age estimation, an aspect largely unreported for an Indian population. In order to do so, clinically undertaken pelvic computed tomography scans of individuals were evaluated using the Suchey-Brooks method, and the error associated with the method was established using Bayesian analysis and different machine learning regression models. Amongst different supervised machine learning models, support vector regression and random forest furnished lowest error computations in both sexes. Using both Bayesian analysis and machine learning, lower error computations were observed in females, suggesting that the method demonstrates greater applicability for this sex. Inaccuracy and root mean square error obtained with Bayesian analysis and machine learning illustrates that both statistical modalities furnish comparable error computations for pubic symphyseal age estimation using the Suchey-Brooks method. However, given the numerous advantages associated with machine learning, it is recommended to use the same within medicolegal settings. Error computations obtained with the Suchey-Brooks method, regardless of the statistical modality utilized, indicate that the method should be used in amalgamation with additional markers to garner accurate estimates of age.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10247878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0