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The lung pays the price: Massive pleural empyema as a rare complication of amoebic liver abscess - an autopsy case report. 肺付出了代价：大量胸膜脓肿是阿米巴肝脓肿的罕见并发症-一个尸检病例报告。
IF 1.7 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-29 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261439476
Munesh Kumar, Vijay Sharma, Deep Roy, Neha Aggarwal, S K Tandon
{"title":"The lung pays the price: Massive pleural empyema as a rare complication of amoebic liver abscess - an autopsy case report.","authors":"Munesh Kumar, Vijay Sharma, Deep Roy, Neha Aggarwal, S K Tandon","doi":"10.1177/00258024261439476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024261439476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An amoebic liver abscess (ALA) caused by Entamoeba histolytica remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in tropical regions. Although hepatic rupture into adjacent thoracic structures is a recognised but rare complication, it can be fatal if undiagnosed or untreated. Hepatic abscesses can rupture and spread the infection to the thoracic cavity, resulting in the formation of a hepato-thoracic fistula, rarely. We report an autopsy case of a middle-aged female who died suddenly following nonspecific systemic symptoms. Postmortem examination revealed a large ALA that had ruptured through the diaphragm, leading to massive pleural empyema. This autopsy case report underscores the importance of early clinical suspicion, imaging, and surgical management to prevent such catastrophic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"258024261439476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Suicide prevention measures for individuals in their 10s and 20s are rapidly important in Japan, the USA, and South Korea: Devising specific prevention measures common to these countries. 在日本、美国和韩国，针对10多岁和20多岁的年轻人的自杀预防措施迅速变得重要起来：制定针对这些国家的具体预防措施。
IF 1.7 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-29 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261446398
Ken Inoue, Sultana Razia, Kyoko Hirabayashi, Yuri Murayama, Satomi Kameo, Haruo Takeshita, Noriyuki Kawano, Tatsushige Fukunaga
{"title":"Suicide prevention measures for individuals in their 10s and 20s are rapidly important in Japan, the USA, and South Korea: Devising specific prevention measures common to these countries.","authors":"Ken Inoue, Sultana Razia, Kyoko Hirabayashi, Yuri Murayama, Satomi Kameo, Haruo Takeshita, Noriyuki Kawano, Tatsushige Fukunaga","doi":"10.1177/00258024261446398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024261446398","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"258024261446398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Avoiding judicial dissatisfaction with, and criticism of, healthcare experts. 避免对医疗保健专家的司法不满和批评。
IF 1.7 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-25 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261446489
Keith Rix
{"title":"Avoiding judicial dissatisfaction with, and criticism of, healthcare experts.","authors":"Keith Rix","doi":"10.1177/00258024261446489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024261446489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sources of judicial dissatisfaction with, and criticism of, expert healthcare evidence are traced to unqualified, careless, overworked and unscrupulous experts and a failure on the part of some experts to work collaboratively with their instructing lawyers during the litigation process. The suggested remedies are: adherence to the clear professional standards that already exist, appropriate training for which the foundations should be laid during undergraduate medical education, continuing professional development, credentialing complemented by instructing solicitors and counsel ensuring that the expert is appropriate for the case and aware of their duties, collaborative working between expert and instructing lawyer, peer and institutional support and quality control including peer review of reports and case-based discussion of reports.</p>","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"258024261446489"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Considering the assessment of survivability and preventability following mass fatality incidents: Where are we and where do we need to go? 考虑大规模死亡事件后的生存能力和可预防性评估：我们在哪里，我们需要去哪里？
IF 1.7 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-10 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261437516
Carl Evans, Benjamin Swift, Amy Hughes, Gareth Grier, Claire Park
{"title":"Considering the assessment of survivability and preventability following mass fatality incidents: Where are we and where do we need to go?","authors":"Carl Evans, Benjamin Swift, Amy Hughes, Gareth Grier, Claire Park","doi":"10.1177/00258024261437516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024261437516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Following a mass fatality incident, the assessment of survivability and preventability is essential, yet current methodologies remain inconsistent both within the UK and internationally. The 2024 UK Home Office report '<i>The Patronising Disposition of Unaccountable Power: Independent Review of Forensic Pathology'</i> evaluated learning from the Hillsborough disaster and the Manchester Arena bombing inquests, highlighting the urgent need for clearer, standardised processes in determining survivability and preventability. This paper critically reviews existing techniques in use to address the question of survivability and preventability and makes recommendations for a national best practice framework to improve this process for future inquiries.</p>","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"258024261437516"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147645837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Who is a medical expert? How do we know that such experts are impartial? 谁是医学专家？我们怎么知道这些专家是公正的呢？
IF 1.7 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261437511
Juliet Cohen, Jed Pennington, Frankie Boon, Cornelius Katona
{"title":"Who is a medical expert? How do we know that such experts are impartial?","authors":"Juliet Cohen, Jed Pennington, Frankie Boon, Cornelius Katona","doi":"10.1177/00258024261437511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024261437511","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"258024261437511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Crowd-control chemicals and medical witness in Georgia. 格鲁吉亚的人群控制化学品和医疗证人。
IF 1.7 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-02 DOI: 10.1177/00258024261438270
Alexi Gugushvili
{"title":"Crowd-control chemicals and medical witness in Georgia.","authors":"Alexi Gugushvili","doi":"10.1177/00258024261438270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024261438270","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"258024261438270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147593160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The causal relationship between insanity and offense in post-Raso Italian case law. 后拉索意大利判例法中精神错乱与犯罪的因果关系。
IF 1.7 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251362942
Emanuele Caroppo, Patrizia Baldassarre, Marianna Mazza, Thomas Bisaschi, Gianluca Monacelli, Jennifer Williams, Giuseppe Marano, Giuseppina Gabriele, Massimo Cozza
{"title":"The causal relationship between insanity and offense in post-Raso Italian case law.","authors":"Emanuele Caroppo, Patrizia Baldassarre, Marianna Mazza, Thomas Bisaschi, Gianluca Monacelli, Jennifer Williams, Giuseppe Marano, Giuseppina Gabriele, Massimo Cozza","doi":"10.1177/00258024251362942","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024251362942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores the development and application of Italian case law since 2005 regarding the criminal responsibility of individuals with mental disorders, focusing on the landmark decision by the Joint Chambers of the Court of Cassation in the Raso case. This ruling transformed the interpretation of mental illness in the context of criminal responsibility. The article examines the impact of this shift, identifying diagnostic ambiguities and the challenges of applying the new standards, as well as the significant increase in insanity-related acquittals and the growing use of noncustodial preventive measures. The aim is to provide a critical overview of the legal and social consequences of these decisions, offering reforms and recommendations to improve the consistency and fairness of the Italian judicial system.</p>","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"122-129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144760507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Challenges and prospects for the application of skin microbiome to forensic individual identification: A narrative review. 皮肤微生物组在法医个体鉴定中应用的挑战与前景：综述。
IF 1.7 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251378811
Yuxin Pan, Yehui Lv
{"title":"Challenges and prospects for the application of skin microbiome to forensic individual identification: A narrative review.","authors":"Yuxin Pan, Yehui Lv","doi":"10.1177/00258024251378811","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024251378811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The microbiome has been at the center of a cross-section of disciplines with a wide range of applications and research methodologies, the impact of which is also reflected in forensic science. The skin microbiome is considered a \"microbial fingerprint\" due to its highly personalized characteristics and can be used for forensic individual identification. This narrative review systematically combs through the literature on skin microbiome and forensic applications, focusing on the characteristics, current applications, challenges, and future prospects of the skin microbiome in the field of forensic individual identification. It first explores host specificity, temporal stability, and marker characteristics. Then, by linking individuals with objects, individuals, and the environment, it analyzes the applications in forensic scenarios. It also introduces two commonly used main analytical techniques and their respective advantages and disadvantages. With the development of technology, machine learning has gradually been applied to forensic work. However, there are still four major challenges in practical application, namely ethical, technical, database and biological challenges. In this context, we provide a standardized process through a hypothetical case and propose a multi-omics collaborative analysis framework for the first time, combining metagenomics, metabolomics, and non-omics data (such as geographical information, image records) to illustrate its enhanced effects in scenarios such as sexual assault and disaster victim identification. Overall, despite the challenges, the application of skin microbiome in forensic science is promising and is expected to play an important role in the future of forensic practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"142-154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Medico-legal features of rifled weapons discharge fatalities in Rome (Italy) and analysis of the differences in internal bullet wound paths between suicide and homicide. 罗马（意大利）来复枪射击死亡的医学-法律特征以及自杀和他杀内部子弹伤路径的差异分析。
IF 1.7 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251350785
Alessandro Mauro Tavone, Raimondo Vella, Giulia Ceccobelli, Giorgia Piizzi, Giulia Petroni, Fabio Guidato, Naomi Romaniello, Gabriele Giuga, Gian Luca Marella
{"title":"Medico-legal features of rifled weapons discharge fatalities in Rome (Italy) and analysis of the differences in internal bullet wound paths between suicide and homicide.","authors":"Alessandro Mauro Tavone, Raimondo Vella, Giulia Ceccobelli, Giorgia Piizzi, Giulia Petroni, Fabio Guidato, Naomi Romaniello, Gabriele Giuga, Gian Luca Marella","doi":"10.1177/00258024251350785","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024251350785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Firearm wounds reppresent a significant cause of mortality worldwide. The differentiation between suicide, homicide, and accidental incidents can be complex, particularly in the absence of clear injuries linked to third-party involvement. Autopsy characteristics of wounds are pivotal in determining the manner of death. A review of the Institute of Legal Medicine of the University of Rome Tor Vergata's database identified 64 deaths due to rifled weapon discharge wounds, excluding accidental deaths. We recorded demographic, circumstantial, and autopsy data for homicides and suicides, with a focus on bullet intrasomatic wound paths analysis. Differences in frequencies of circumstantial data were observed, notably in the locations where victims' bodies were discovered. Autopsy findings revealed distinct anatomical wound distribution. Bullet wound paths across three anatomical planes indicated patterns associated with the manner of death. Leftward, upward, and backward pathways were unique to suicides, while frontward and rightward pathways strongly indicated homicide. Therefore, comprehensive data integration is essential for accurate forensic diagnosis, and projectile directionality alone should not be considered a definitive criterion to distinguish between suicide and homicide, as similar wound paths may arise in both contexts depending on the circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"98-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mental health care needs for the enforced disappearance and Aynaghor (House of Mirrors) survivors in Bangladesh: A recent daunting challenge. 孟加拉国强迫失踪和Aynaghor（镜子之家）幸存者的精神卫生保健需求：最近的一项艰巨挑战。
IF 1.7 4区 医学
Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251363119
S M Yasir Arafat, Mohammad Sorowar Hossain
{"title":"Mental health care needs for the enforced disappearance and Aynaghor (House of Mirrors) survivors in Bangladesh: A recent daunting challenge.","authors":"S M Yasir Arafat, Mohammad Sorowar Hossain","doi":"10.1177/00258024251363119","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024251363119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"182-183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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