Medicine, Science and the Law最新文献_第2页

Applications of paper spray ionization mass spectrometry in forensic science: A mini review. 纸喷雾电离质谱法在法医学中的应用综述。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251363088

Sachil Kumar, Tulsidas R Baggi

引用次数: 0

Deep learning-based CNN model for multiclass classification of fingerprint patterns. 基于深度学习的指纹多类分类CNN模型。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251355042

Apurav Mahajan, Damini Siwan, Peehul Krishan, Akansha Rana, Ritika Verma, Ankita Guleria, Rakesh Meena, Nandini Chitara, Ayushi Srivastava, Kewal Krishan

{"title":"Deep learning-based CNN model for multiclass classification of fingerprint patterns.","authors":"Apurav Mahajan, Damini Siwan, Peehul Krishan, Akansha Rana, Ritika Verma, Ankita Guleria, Rakesh Meena, Nandini Chitara, Ayushi Srivastava, Kewal Krishan","doi":"10.1177/00258024251355042","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024251355042","url":null,"abstract":"Fingerprints are widely used as biometric parameters for identification purposes because of their uniqueness. Moreover, many digital devices have employed fingerprints for security purposes throughout the world. An automatic artificial intelligence-based classification system can reduce the time spent running through the database for fingerprint matching by arranging fingerprints into disjoint classes. It can also help classify fingerprints at the crime scene easily and quickly. The present study proposed a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for the multiclass classification of fingerprint patterns (Arches, Loops, Whorls, and Composites) according to Henry's classification. The model was trained on 2000 fingerprint patterns collected from the fingers of 200 participants. The dataset was split into train, test, and validation part with the ratio of 8:1:1, respectively. The presented CNN model was evaluated by using a confusion matrix for the testing process. Training, validating, and testing the accuracy of the CNN model for classifying fingerprint datasets into four main classes were 89%, 84%, and 85.5%, respectively. This model shows its application as an aiding tool for fingerprint analysis in crime scene investigation, forensic examinations, and fingerprint research.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"114-121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AI in the criminal justice system: From 'AI ethics' to 'hermeneutic risk'. 刑事司法系统中的人工智能：从“人工智能伦理”到“解释性风险”。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251407531

Karen McGregor Richmond, Charlotte Primeau

引用次数: 0

The shape of justice: Sentencing of mentally ill defendants convicted of manslaughter. 司法的形态：对犯有过失杀人罪的精神病被告的量刑。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251380965

Tim Exworthy

引用次数: 0

Urgent need for suicide prevention among females: Analysis of suicide statistics from 47 prefectures nationwide in Japan. 女性预防自杀的迫切需要：日本全国47个县的自杀统计分析。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251363097

Ken Inoue, Sultana Razia, Haruo Takeshita, Tatsushige Fukunaga

引用次数: 0

The age progression technique to support Missing Children Argentina: A case report. 支持阿根廷失踪儿童的年龄递进技术：一个案例报告。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251380953

Laura Donato, Douglas H Ubelaker, Luigi Tonino Marsella, Marcela Lerda, Michele Treglia, Margherita Pallocci, Anna Laurathe Santunione, Jessika Camatti, Rossana Cecchi

{"title":"The age progression technique to support Missing Children Argentina: A case report.","authors":"Laura Donato, Douglas H Ubelaker, Luigi Tonino Marsella, Marcela Lerda, Michele Treglia, Margherita Pallocci, Anna Laurathe Santunione, Jessika Camatti, Rossana Cecchi","doi":"10.1177/00258024251380953","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024251380953","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of missing persons draws the attention of authorities, who implement measures to address the issue. Missing Children Argentina (MCA) is a non-profit organization that supports the families of missing individuals in Argentina. MCA receives support with age progression techniques from the Italian non-profit organization Italian Missing Children (IMC). MCA and IMC have been collaborating since 2020, processing nine cases of digital aging. This paper presents the case of a missing girl, and her age progression is reported as an example to document the collaborative work between the two organizations. The age progression technique, performed due to photographs of the missing person's relatives, is based on scientific standards of facial aging. Through the use of Adobe Photoshop (2022®), specific facial morphological features were identified in high-resolution reference photos and combined to create an updated image of the missing individual. The digitally aged image is then included in a poster and shared on social media. The poster includes the time and place of the disappearance, personal details of the missing person, contact information for potential sightings, original photos taken closest to the time of disappearance, and the digitally age-progressed images. It is crucial to inform the public about the possibility of requesting age progression for long-term missing persons. This technique can update the appearance of the individual and significantly support search efforts.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"174-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medically assisted suicide in Italy after regional law No. 16/2025: Perspectives, challenges, and the need for psychological support and specialized training for healthcare professionals. 《第16/2025号区域法：前景、挑战以及对保健专业人员的心理支持和专门培训的需要》颁布后，意大利的医疗协助自杀问题。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251380962

Greta Seveso, Mateus Eduardo Romão, Serena Barello, Silvia Damiana Visonà, Giovanni Cecchetto, Giacomo Belli

{"title":"Medically assisted suicide in Italy after regional law No. 16/2025: Perspectives, challenges, and the need for psychological support and specialized training for healthcare professionals.","authors":"Greta Seveso, Mateus Eduardo Romão, Serena Barello, Silvia Damiana Visonà, Giovanni Cecchetto, Giacomo Belli","doi":"10.1177/00258024251380962","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024251380962","url":null,"abstract":"On 11 February 2025, Tuscany became the first region in Italy to approve a law regulating medically assisted suicide. However, the law makes no provision for psychological support or educational and training programs for healthcare professionals involved in the procedure. Studies from countries where assisted suicide has long been legal highlight its significant psychological and emotional impact on care providers. In response, various forms of psychological support have been implemented to help and protect healthcare staff from the side effects of these events. Moreover, specialized training programs have been developed to equip healthcare providers with the necessary skills to handle assisted suicide requests appropriately. Tuscany's initiative may pave the way for other regions to adopt similar measures and, ideally, for a parliamentary law to regulate the practice nationwide. Therefore, this paper strongly argues that the inclusion of structured psychological support and specialized training programs is a fundamental requirement for developing an ethical, sustainable, and comprehensive end-of-life framework in Italy.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"160-167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Updates on medically assisted suicide in Italy: Approval of first regional law in February 2025. 意大利关于医疗协助自杀的最新情况：2025年2月批准了第一部区域法律。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251362541

Jessika Camatti, Anna Laura Santunione, Silvia Ciuffreda, Erjon Radheshi, Francesco Saverio Romolo, Rossana Cecchi

{"title":"Updates on medically assisted suicide in Italy: Approval of first regional law in February 2025.","authors":"Jessika Camatti, Anna Laura Santunione, Silvia Ciuffreda, Erjon Radheshi, Francesco Saverio Romolo, Rossana Cecchi","doi":"10.1177/00258024251362541","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024251362541","url":null,"abstract":"In Italy, the issue of medically assisted suicide is addressed by the sentence number 242 of the Constitutional Court (22nd November 2019). Further indications of organisational nature are needed, which are under the responsibility of the Italian Parliament and each regional health administration. Recently, the sentence number 135 of the Constitutional Court (1st July 2024) has provided further specifications regarding 'life-support treatment', which still remains controversial. Regional differences in Italy regarding medically assisted suicide are reported in this article, showing that, on the date of 11th February 2025, Tuscany is the first and only Italian region to have passed a regional law on medically assisted suicide. One possible approach to discussion and management of this sensitive and controversial issue could be cooperative forms of regionalism while waiting for a national law. To date, after the first Italian case, which refers to Marche region and occurred on 16th June 2022 (Federico Carboni, also known as 'Mario'), four more individuals in Italy have resorted to medically assisted suicide: 'Gloria' in Veneto, 'Anna' in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, a man in Emilia Romagna, and 'Vittoria' in Veneto. It is hoped that a national law will be approved soon, as strongly urged by the Constitutional Court; if not, efforts should be made to identify and implement shared and standardised procedures throughout the Italian territory, encouraging cooperative forms of regionalism. This would allow patients to know that the request is followed by unambiguous responses from the authorities, within a reasonable time.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"107-113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visual analysis of hotspots and evolutionary trends in the field of postmortem interval estimation. 死亡间隔估计领域的热点和发展趋势的可视化分析。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251348722

Chengqiang Du, Yehui Lv

{"title":"Visual analysis of hotspots and evolutionary trends in the field of postmortem interval estimation.","authors":"Chengqiang Du, Yehui Lv","doi":"10.1177/00258024251348722","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258024251348722","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Through a visual analysis of the literature on postmortem interval estimation research collected in the Web of Science database, this study aims to explore the development process, research hotspots, and technical approaches in this field, providing a reference for scholars and professionals in related fields. Methods: It retrieves English-language articles related to postmortem interval estimation published in the Web of Science Core Collection from its inception until December 31, 2023, that meet the inclusion criteria. The study calculates the annual number of publications and citations and analyzes the trends. Based on these annual publication volumes, a second search is conducted for the period during which the number of publications in this field exceeded 100 per year, specifically from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2023. CiteSpace 6.2.R4 software is used to perform a visual analysis of the second set of retrieved documents. Results: The first search retrieved 1778 articles related to postmortem interval estimation research. The second search retrieved 1265 articles, with an average annual growth rate of 6.84%. Based on the publication trend line for this period, it is predicted that approximately 150 articles will be published in this field in 2024. Conclusion: In the future, the development of postmortem interval estimation will likely remain in a steady phase. Interdisciplinary interactions and constraints still exist. The future direction may focus on using multiomics approaches, combined with advancements in artificial intelligence, to establish comprehensive data models for more accurate postmortem interval estimation.","PeriodicalId":18484,"journal":{"name":"Medicine, Science and the Law","volume":" ","pages":"86-97"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sudden deaths linked to undiagnosed intracranial colloid cysts of third ventricle on autopsy: Series of five cases. 猝死与尸检中未确诊的第三脑室颅内胶质囊肿有关：5例系列病例

IF 1.7 4区医学

Medicine, Science and the Law Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1177/00258024251348729

Sunita Das, Munesh Kumar, Vijay Sharma, Deep Roy, S K Tandon

引用次数: 0