MeasurementPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119207
Wenze Ren , Keyi Huang , Jiahui Feng , Yuxing Feng , Jinsong Lin , Jun Zheng
{"title":"A novel laser vision-based robotic welding path extraction and tracking method for intersecting curves","authors":"Wenze Ren , Keyi Huang , Jiahui Feng , Yuxing Feng , Jinsong Lin , Jun Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the continuous advancement of manufacturing, automated and intelligent welding technologies have seen increasingly widespread application across industrial fields. As a typical form of complex spatial curves, intersecting weld seams are widely used in the joining of pipelines, trusses, and other structural components. This paper proposes an extraction and real-time tracking method for intersecting weld seams based on a line laser vision sensor. First, a large–depth-of-field line laser vision sensor is employed to scan the workpiece. By combining the RANSAC algorithm with an adaptive genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm (GA-APSO), the weld seam curve is extracted with high accuracy. The extracted seam is then reconstructed using a NURBS curve, with parameter interpolation applied to ensure uniform robot welding motion. During the welding process, the sensor continuously scans the seam, and a proposed bidirectional sliding-window point extraction method enables fast and reliable identification of weld points under arc light and spatter interference. Together with a local curve correction algorithm, the welding trajectory is adjusted in real time, significantly improving weld precision. Experimental results show that the maximum deviation between the welding trajectory and the true seam is 0.83 mm, demonstrating strong potential for practical engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 119207"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MeasurementPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119198
Jan Holub, Jakub Svatos, Josef Vedral
{"title":"Integrating hands-on and simulation-based approaches for teaching electronic circuit design in measurement technology at the faculty of electrical engineering, department of measurement, CTU in Prague","authors":"Jan Holub, Jakub Svatos, Josef Vedral","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper focuses on innovative teaching methods for analog and analog-to-digital electronic circuits at the Department of Measurement, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague. The approach integrates single-purpose functional units, commercially available educational kits, virtual instrumentation systems, and simulation software. By combining practical circuit implementation with virtual analysis, students develop a comprehensive understanding of circuit design and measurement, gaining both theoretical knowledge and hands-on skills. The paper also examines the balance between simulation-based and practical tasks for bachelor’s and master’s students, supported by insights from student surveys. The methodology has proven highly effective in laboratory classes, fostering deeper student engagement and understanding. Statistical success rates and positive student survey feedback over the past several years underscore the significant educational value of this approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 119198"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MeasurementPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119113
Hajime Yoshida , Takeo Ebina , Akira Ono , Tetsuji Itoh
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Comparison of water vapor transmission rates using different measurement methods” [Measurement 256, Part B (2025) 118180]","authors":"Hajime Yoshida , Takeo Ebina , Akira Ono , Tetsuji Itoh","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 119113"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MeasurementPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119185
Qiongqiong Jia, Renbiao Wu
{"title":"Correlation domain residuals based multipath detection for a direct position estimation receiver","authors":"Qiongqiong Jia, Renbiao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Direct Position Estimation (DPE) enables the direct estimation of the GNSS receiver’s position, velocity, and timing (PVT) within the navigation domain by jointly utilizing signals from all satellites at the sample level, thereby bypassing the intermediate step of computing observables. This paper aims to effective multipath detection for a DPE receiver, which serves for further relieving multipath induced navigation solution bias. To achieve this goal, two multipath detection statistics are established based on correlation domain residuals. The DPE navigation solution, affected by multipath, is first used to compute the code delay of all in-view satellites. Subsequently, these code delays are used to derive the signal amplitudes from pre-calculated correlations. Using the code delays and amplitudes, we reconstruct the correlations of the line-of-sight (LOS) signals and subtract them from the pre-calculated correlations to derive the correlation domain residuals. In the popular DPE receiver implementations, correlation values for all code delays are pre-calculated, thus the established multipath detection statistics do not require additional correlators. The effectiveness of the established multipath detection statistics is first validated with numerical simulations based on a semi-analytic DPE receiver. Subsequently, a software-based DPE receiver is employed to verify the established statistics with both simulated and field-collected satellite signals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 119185"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MeasurementPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119208
Jin Zhang , Chenjie Deng , Li Ling , Zhixiang Chen , Ruihua Deng , Guibao Tao , Huajun Cao
{"title":"Multi-state online monitoring based on smart wireless vibration milling toolholder system","authors":"Jin Zhang , Chenjie Deng , Li Ling , Zhixiang Chen , Ruihua Deng , Guibao Tao , Huajun Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of wireless transmission technology has enabled wireless communication for tool condition monitoring, yet current wireless rotating toolholders still exhibit some limitations, including inadequate stiffness, interference with internal cooling channels, limited tool mounting space, and constrained sensor bandwidth and measurement range. To address these issues, this study introduces a smart wireless vibration measurement toolholder featuring symmetrically positioned sensors, with the transmission circuit integrated onto a thermal mounting base and vibration sensors secured via micro-slots. Dynamic and static evaluations confirm the high accuracy and stability of the self-developed smart wireless toolholder, demonstrating a maximum error of 3.37%. Given the dynamic and intricate operating conditions encountered during machining, which necessitate enhanced multi-process condition monitoring capabilities, a hybrid strategy is designed for tool condition monitoring in this work. Specifically, a threshold-based method is applied to detect tool collision and breakage, whereas tool wear state is identified through a gray wolf optimization-enhanced backpropagation neural network (GWO-BPNN). The full life cycle milling experiments were carried out on SiO<sub>2</sub> ceramic matrix composites. The results showed that the threshold judgment method achieves 100% accuracy in detecting tool collision and breakage. Meanwhile, the GWO-BPNN model demonstrates tool wear recognition accuracies of 99.24% on the slice expansion and 97.22% on the small-sample test sets, fully highlighting the high robustness of the proposed smart wireless vibration milling toolholder system (SWVMTS).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 119208"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MeasurementPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119201
Wesam Al Agha, Nirendra Dev, Shilpa Pal
{"title":"Ml-integrated reusable piezoceramic sensors for steel fibre concrete structural health monitoring","authors":"Wesam Al Agha, Nirendra Dev, Shilpa Pal","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research develops a novel non-destructive measurement approach integrating electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) technology with innovative reusable non-bonded surface piezoelectric sensors (NBPS) for steel fibre cement-based materials (SFCM). The measurement of SFCM structural health monitoring faces significant limitations due to reliance on destructive testing methods. Therefore, this experimental program can systematically provide damage assessment of SFCM specimens containing hooked-end steel fibres at six dosage levels (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, and 1.5 %) with aspect ratios of 55 and 65, evaluating both healthy and damaged states over 28 days. EMI signature analysis focused on resonance frequency shifts and peak conductance variations, with damage quantification achieved through statistical metrics including RMSD and MAPD. Results demonstrate that specimens with an aspect ratio of 65 consistently outperformed those with an aspect ratio of 55, achieving optimal compressive strength of 60.95 MPa at 0.75 % fibre content (47.5 % improvement). Machine learning frameworks accomplished outstanding compressive strength prediction (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.99) with immediate convergence, developing EMI-based analysis. The validated EMI-NBPS system offers a transformative non-destructive solution for structural health monitoring, enabling immediate strength assessment and damage detection in fibre-reinforced cementitious materials for construction quality control and infrastructure monitoring applications. This paper will serve as a primary reference for non-bonded PZT in SFCM damage monitoring due to the crucial process of strength changes, focusing on the observation, calibration, and validation of selecting structural parameters, including equivalent stiffness, damping, and mass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 119201"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MeasurementPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119212
Yu-Jing Yang , De-Long Zhang , Sai-Dong Xue , Ning Yuan
{"title":"Measurement of deep micro/nanopore on the basis of wave jet","authors":"Yu-Jing Yang , De-Long Zhang , Sai-Dong Xue , Ning Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose to measure hole size on the basis of wave jet (WJ) generated by a dielectric scatterer and a reflective plate with a square hole to be measured. We have theoretically studied relationships of WJ characteristic parameters (including focal length, intensity and beam size) to the hole geometry (side length and depth), and found that these WJ parameters reveal monotonous relationships to the hole side length, and periodic relationships to the hole depth and the periodicity is dependent of working wavelength. By using these relationships, the hole size can be determined from measured WJ parameters. The study shows that the measurement range of hole side length can be effectively adjusted by side length of scatterer. By use of the feature that the periodicity is dependent of wavelength, hole depths in different periods can be differentiated and hole depth measurement range can be extended by multiple wavelength operation. The method not only shows excellent metrological specifications, including adequate sensitivity, large hole depth measurement range, high accuracy and small dividing value, but also has reliability, generality, scalability, robustness, simplicity, little roughness effect on measurement, and unrestriction by diffraction limit. The merits of unrestriction by diffraction limit and scalability in combination with multiple wavelength work make the method valid for measurement of deep micro/nanopores, which cannot be done using other approaches. Finally, an experimental scheme is suggested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 119212"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MeasurementPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119194
Sheng-Hao Xu , Jia-Le Jia
{"title":"An efficient structural vibration damage evaluation method based on the spectral element method","authors":"Sheng-Hao Xu , Jia-Le Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various spectral methods have been developed for vibration fatigue analysis, with frequency domain analysis being commonly applied. However, almost all existing frequency domain analysis methods rely on vibration analysis models established by finite element method (FEM). The large number of meshes and the computation and storage of complex stress frequency response functions (FRF) greatly limit the efficiency of this approach. In this paper, a novel vibration failure analysis method based on spectral element method (SEM) is proposed. Compared to traditional methods, this approach offers two main advantages. First, it reduces the number of required elements by 94.5 %, significantly decreasing the dimension of the stiffness matrix. Second, it enables the direct solution of all problems in the frequency domain, eliminating the need for Fourier transforms and modal superposition. As a result, the total computational time can be reduced by up to 46.4 % compared to conventional FEM-based methods, making iterative structural optimization feasible. A scaled model of a fuel cell engine frame is presented as a case study. The proposed method first rapidly computes the damage distribution information of the frame under specified working conditions. Subsequently, utilizing this information, the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is employed to adjust the dimensions of relevant components in order to achieve an optimal structure that meets the criteria. This method demonstrates favorable consistency in both vibration experiments and comparisons with traditional frequency domain simulation methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 119194"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MeasurementPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119213
Zisheng Guo , Xinhua Wang , Tao Sun , Gefan Yin , Zeling Zhao , Zhen Zhang , Xinbo Yu , Yuchen Shi
{"title":"A novel real-time online defect detection, grading, and damage assessment system for steel pipelines and its intelligent applications","authors":"Zisheng Guo , Xinhua Wang , Tao Sun , Gefan Yin , Zeling Zhao , Zhen Zhang , Xinbo Yu , Yuchen Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In non-destructive testing of steel pipelines, the detection signal is often submerged by the primary field. Achieving weak and reliable identification and effective separation in strongly coupled signals is a key technical challenge for detecting harmonic magnetic fields in buried pipeline damage. Here, we propose a new scheme for real-time online defect detection and grading of steel pipelines. This scheme is based on harmonic excitation and full bridge circuit construction, utilizing the inner product between harmonics at a spatial distance to reconstruct the matching features of the relevant layers for analysis, and inverse performing the corresponding defect level classification method. In addition, a low-latency real-time online processing system was developed by using the simplified form of the analytical solution of this method and the dynamic linking model between the probe movement speed and the processing step size. Finally, an intelligent evaluation based on polar coordinate image transformation and spatial attention mechanism was implemented using the ResNet101 residual network, with higher accuracy (average accuracy of 98.28 %), and a corresponding Edge AI system was established. By conducting pipeline experiments under different working conditions and thinning of different wall thicknesses, a detailed analysis of the quantitative evaluation of pipeline defects was carried out, and the improvement of this scheme for real-time online detection and defect characterization under various complex working conditions was reported. The proposed method has shown potential application value in real-time non-destructive testing, quantitative analysis of pipeline inspection with large lift-off probes, and intelligent early warning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 119213"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MeasurementPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119195
Guangsheng Deng , Qiang Zhang , Yanbin Yu , Jun Yang , Ying Li , Wenbing Zhang , Zhiping Yin
{"title":"Microwave humidity sensor based on interdigital capacitors with compact size and enhanced sensitivity","authors":"Guangsheng Deng , Qiang Zhang , Yanbin Yu , Jun Yang , Ying Li , Wenbing Zhang , Zhiping Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.119195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a novel highly sensitive microwave humidity sensor based on a pair of planar split ring resonators, incorporating the intensive and localized resonance excited by the interdigital electrodes to detect relative humidity variation in the environment via spectroscopy analysis. A 0.25 mm thick replaceable polyimide (PI) film, whose relative permittivity is in close relate with the relative humidity of the environment, was covered on the interdigital electrodes and used as the moisture sensing material of the proposed sensor. Therefore, the resonance frequency of the sensor, which is highly sensitive to the relative permittivity of the PI film, varies with different humidities. The sensor experimentally demonstrated a high sensitivity of 2.02 MHz/%RH within a wide humidity monitoring range of 30–78 % RH, which significantly outperforms the reported microwave humidity sensors. Meanwhile, the sensor exhibits comparable hysteresis performance to commercial sensors during the testing cycles, which holds significant importance for practical applications. The proposed sensor, features a compact size with low cost and high sensitivity, provides a solution for precise humidity variation detecting from a spectrum measurement perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 119195"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}