Measurement最新文献

{"title":"Research on distributed monitoring system of intelligent highway based on weak fiber Bragg grating","authors":"Lina Yue ,&nbsp;Sheng Li ,&nbsp;Fang Liu ,&nbsp;Qiuming Nan ,&nbsp;Dian Fan ,&nbsp;Jinpeng Jiang ,&nbsp;Juntao Wang ,&nbsp;Qing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intelligent highway distributed monitoring system employing wFBG sensing technology is promising in the transport engineering. This research proposes a system architecture consisting of weak fiber Bragg grating (wFBG), data link, edge computing region and client interface. The structure and demodulation of the strained optical fiber cable and vibrating optical fiber cable based on wFBG were developed and applied. Further, taking Chen-Bridge and the nearby roadway as the research object, the performance of two types of sensing optical cables was verified according to dynamic and static loading experiments as well as finite element analysis. Moreover, the implementation solutions for intelligent highway functions such as bridge safety status, roadway safety status, lane identification, traffic volume statistics with speed calculation are proposed. Finally, the improvement directions of wFBG applications are analyzed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 116273"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on mid-infrared CO transition lines broadened by N2, He, and H2 at elevated temperatures","authors":"Tielou Liu ,&nbsp;Dong He ,&nbsp;Renjie Li ,&nbsp;Fei Li ,&nbsp;Ting Si ,&nbsp;Juchun Ding ,&nbsp;Xisheng Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) has been established as a strong technique for high-fidelity measurements at elevated temperatures. However, the accuracy of the measured data using TDLAS depends on the accuracy of the spectroscopic parameters. In this paper, the N₂-, He-, and H₂-perturbed collisional broadening coefficients of the CO P(0, 21), P(1, 21), and P(0, 37) lines were measured at 1040–2980 K. Ar-diluted mixtures were applied to measure these spectroscopic parameters at elevated temperatures up to 3000 K. Validation experiments highlighted that the measured temperatures and CO concentrations agreed well with the known values under thermal equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions. Comparisons of residuals in Voigt fitting highlighted that the N₂-perturbed Dicke narrowing effects are stronger than the He- and H₂-perturbed phenomena. The differences among species-perturbed high-temperature collisional broadening coefficients for the three transition lines were found to be closely related to the intermolecular forces and effective collision cross-sections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 116264"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A ST-Copula method for highway traffic data interpolation in monitoring blind areas","authors":"Haiyi Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Zhao ,&nbsp;Sen Luan ,&nbsp;Jianyu Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comprehensive understanding of the traffic situation in the Monitoring Blind Areas (MBA) of highway is very important for traffic management. However, the complete absence of historical data renders conventional traffic data imputation methods, including tensor decomposition and deep learning algorithms, ineffective. In this paper, a Spatio-temporal Copula (ST-Copula) method is proposed based on the theory of spatial statistics to interpolate traffic data in MBA. Firstly, based on the data series of observation points, the corresponding marginal distribution functions are obtained by data fitting. These marginal functions then be aggregated into a joint function using Copula theory. Secondly, a spatiotemporal correlation matrix is constructed with the spatial variation function to describe the dependent structure of the traffic data, and the maximum likelihood method is adopted to estimate the parameters. Finally, conditional probability density function is constructed according to the spatial location, and Monte-Carlo sampling is applied to deduce the traffic data of the MBA. Based on the above methodology, speed data from a freeway in Zhejiang Province are collected to evaluate the effectiveness of the ST-Copula model. The results showed that compared to Kriging and Copula-based methods, the ST-Copula achieves reductions of 36.4 % and 34.8 % in MAPE and RMSE values, respectively, across various conditions. ST-Copula reduces the limitations of inherent Gaussian assumptions in traditional spatial statistical methods, demonstrating robustness in handling high spatiotemporal variability. The proposed method demonstrates the feasibility of inferring global traffic conditions from limited observations, effectively allowing the monitoring of entire road networks using fewer detectors, thereby reducing road construction costs and rapid response to emergencies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 116274"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vision-based identification of tire inflation pressure using Tire-YOLO and deflection","authors":"Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiaqiang Peng ,&nbsp;Xuan Kong ,&nbsp;Lu Deng ,&nbsp;Eugene J. OBrien","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tire inflation pressure has a significant impact on vehicle performance and safety. Existing tire pressure identification methods rely on sensors, which have limitations such as high maintenance costs and poor durability. This study proposes a non-contact method for tire pressure identification using Tire-YOLO and deflection. Firstly, a Tire-YOLO model is developed to identify tire specifications in images, which are used to obtain recommended pressure referring to the standards. Then, the statistical relationship between actual and recommended pressures is established to obtain statistical pressure. Next, the statistical pressure is corrected using the visually identified tire deflection, serving as an approximation of actual pressure. Finally, field tests are conducted on different tire types to verify the proposed method. The results indicate that the inflation pressures determined using this method are within 10% of actual pressures for all the cases. The proposed method provides a potential way for rapid identification of inflation pressure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 116228"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gas-liquid flow rates measurement based on dual differential pressures of a power-driven swirler","authors":"Haocun Wang,&nbsp;Qiang Xu,&nbsp;Xuemei Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaojun Ma,&nbsp;Lulu Li,&nbsp;Liejin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, swirlers have gained increasing attention in gas–liquid flow rates measurement. A power-driven swirler device is designed suitable for low gas–liquid flow rates conditions. Variation characteristics of swirler differential pressure (<span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) and radial differential pressure (<span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>r</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) are investigated under three swirler rotational speeds (0, 300, and 600 rpm). An average reduction of 9 % and 15 % can be seen in fluctuations of <span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>r</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> signals, respectively. Wider measurement range can be achieved by increasing the rotational speed, the minimum liquid superficial velocity decreases from 1.53 m/s to 1.02 m/s and the maximum gas volume fraction increases from 41.8 % to 51.9 %. Then, a new gas–liquid flow rate measurement model is established considering the gas–liquid slip and interfacial interaction. As the rotational speed increases from 0 to 600 rpm, the relative errors of liquid and gas mass flow rates decrease from ± 3.4 % to ± 2.7 % and ± 24 % to ± 10 %, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 116276"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicopter turboshaft engines combustion chamber monitoring neural network method","authors":"Serhii Vladov ,&nbsp;Maryna Bulakh ,&nbsp;Denys Baranovskyi ,&nbsp;Valerii Sokurenko ,&nbsp;Oleksandr Muzychuk ,&nbsp;Victoria Vysotska","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The article proposes an innovative method for helicopter turboshaft engines’ combustion chamber monitoring based on a neural network, significantly impacting the aircraft engines’ diagnostics and monitoring subject area. This article’s main contribution is to improve defect detections’ accuracy and timeliness, which in turn contributes to the aircraft equipment operations’ reliability and safety. The developed method, leveraging an enhanced adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) neuro-fuzzy network with Sugeno-Takagi inference, significantly improves defect detection accuracy and reduces diagnostic errors, thereby enhancing the reliability and safety of flight operations. To implement it, the combustion chamber mathematical model was created based on the heat balance equation, which showed that the fuel combustion completeness coefficient is a diagnostic criterion for defects. It is mathematically substantiated that this coefficient determines combustion efficiency and directly affects thermal energy. The ANFIS with Sugeno-Takagi fuzzy inference architecture has been improved, making it possible to achieve the defects diagnosis and prediction accuracy of 99.65 %. The ANFIS neuro-fuzzy network with Sugeno-Takagi inference proposed in this work improves quality metrics for determining helicopter turboshaft engines’ combustion chamber defects, enhancing the fuel combustion completeness coefficient by 1.01 to 4.64 times. Experimental results show that optimal network training with a loss of 0.35 % is achieved in 60 epochs, which is 2.0 to 9.5 times faster than traditional algorithms (genetic algorithm, traditional backpropagation algorithm, traditional inverse gradient descending method, modified inverse gradient descending method, hybrid algorithm). The absence of hidden T-patterns in the fuel combustion completeness coefficient dynamics (the value does not exceed 10^–4) is also substantiated, confirming the proposed method’s high accuracy. The accumulated heat experimental surfaces’ dependences on the dynamics and fuel consumption were obtained, which makes it possible to analyze the defects’ influence on the combustion chamber’s thermal characteristics. The proposed ANFIS network use reduces the 1st and 2nd types’ errors by 1.44…6.15 times when determining combustion chamber defects compared to other architectures and classical methods, such as the least squares method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 116267"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of feature association strategies in multi-target tracking based on light field images","authors":"JiaNing Zhu,&nbsp;MianZhao Wang,&nbsp;ZiXuan Zhang,&nbsp;Chen Jia,&nbsp;XinBo Geng,&nbsp;Fan Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multi-object tracking (MOT) occupies an important position in the field of computer vision and has broad application prospects. One of the main challenges lies in extracting effective ReID features from complex scenes for data association. Complex scenes may cause targets to be detected but not tracked correctly. Light field cameras can simultaneously capture information from multiple viewing angles or light directions by using special optical components (such as microlens arrays) or sensor designs. Each pixel records the light entering the camera from different directions, allowing information from different viewing angles to be combined or reconstructed to form a complete image. To overcome this challenge, this paper utilizes light field cameras to acquire light field images and parse them into multi-view images. Through processing, the four-dimensional structure of the objects is mapped into epipolar plane images in specific directions. We designed an auto-encoder network to extract light field features from targets that were not successfully associated. In addition, we introduced a new strategy in the post-processing association stage of multi-target tracking by integrating the light field features into the general multi-target tracking framework as complementary features in the data association process. We have done a series of comparison and ablation experiments, and our multi-target tracking method achieves 86.4% of MOTA and 68.5% of HOTA in the same scenario, which is a better result compared to other SOTA tracking methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 116205"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-line detection of salt formation during vitrification using millimeter wave radiometry and interferometry","authors":"John M. Bussey ,&nbsp;Ian A. Wells ,&nbsp;Natalie J. Smith-Gray ,&nbsp;John S. McCloy","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vitrification is an internationally significant industrial process used for the treatment and immobilization of hazardous and radioactive waste. For successful silicate melt vitrification, molten salt formation during melter operation must be avoided. As such, proper process controls and continuous monitoring are critical to minimizing melting problems. Several in-situ process technologies for glass melters are well-developed; however, the lack of in-situ surface salt formation detection methods presents a risk to vitrification at the Waste Treatment &amp; Immobilization Plant (WTP) on the US Hanford Site. While proposed previously, millimeter wave (MMW) radiometry and interferometry are demonstrated for the first time for in-line detection of salt formation in simulated nuclear waste glass melts. The experimental radiometer and interferometer setup uses the optical properties of the melt and a dual receiver operating at ∼ 137 GHz to elucidate melting behavior. A series of previously characterized glasses supersaturated with sulfate (Na₂SO₄), chloride (NaCl), or fluoride (NaF) salts are analyzed using the MMW system. This provides insight into volatile losses, fining, salt formation, salt identity, crystallization, and optical properties of a heterogeneous melt. Relevant terahertz (MMW/THz) optical properties are also compiled. Millimeter wave measurements are evaluated here for the ability to detect phase changes in salt-forming glass melt compositions without opaque body radiometry assumptions. This contribution demonstrates MMW radiometry with interferometry as a useful method for in-situ salt detection, enabling risk reduction in nuclear waste vitrification melters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 116266"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MP-KAN: An effective magnetic positioning algorithm based on Kolmogorov-Arnold network","authors":"Zibo Gao,&nbsp;Ming Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnetic Positioning (MP) technology represents a novel approach to locating spatial particles, notably medical capsules, wherein the inherently weak and susceptible-to-interference magnetic signals pose stringent demands on spatial positioning algorithms. Traditional methods are usually limited to polynomial fitting, which limits the generalization of the algorithm and the positioning accuracy of the near field part. In this paper, we introduce a magnetic positioning algorithm grounded in the Kolmogorov-Arnold network (MP-KAN), innovatively introduces the neural network method into the magnetic positioning system, providing a novel research idea for the positioning algorithm. Distinguishing from the learnable weight parameters inherent in the traditional model, the KAN network introduces a learnable activation function formulated through spline functions. This innovation enhances model accuracy by leveraging multiple spline curves and executing summation operations at nodes to facilitate regression predictions. Furthermore, the residual of the predicted position and the L1-parameter in the KAN layer and its entropy regularization are used as the prediction loss, and thresholds are strategically set at the network nodes to enhance the generalization ability of the model and obtain the optimal configuration. The proposed method achieves the goal of improving the positioning accuracy of the system while ensuring that the algorithm has a nearly constant positioning accuracy regardless of the distance between the target and the measurement system. The results of an experimental demonstrate that the maximum positioning error within the data set stands at 0.24 mm, the maximum relative error is 5.72 %, the minimum relative error is 0.25 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 116248"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous measurement of roll and pitch angular displacements based on polarization interferometry","authors":"Ju-Yi Lee,&nbsp;Shu-Han Chang,&nbsp;Wun-Yan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents an innovative approach for measuring roll and pitch angular displacements simultaneously by using dual-beam polarization interferometer. Dual beams incident on the birefringent crystal induce phase differences variation due to the birefringent crystal’s roll and pitch angular displacements. Developing a polarization interferometer and phase analysis techniques, this system can measure the phase differences variation to determine the roll and pitch angular displacements. This approach extends the limited measurement range of existing interferometers to several degrees. Following uncertainty evaluation, the proposed system achieved a roll angle and pitch angle resolution of 2.5 arcsec and 21.6 arcsec, respectively. This paper also discusses the issue of nonlinear periodic error and the system’s sensitivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 116270"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}