IF 5.2 2区工程技术

Measurement Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118215

Jingchao Zhang , Shaoqun Zhang , Yixue Dong , Chen Li , Guoqian Jiang , Yingwei Li , Xiaoli Li

{"title":"Enhanced gear fault diagnosis via heterodyne downconversion: Theoretical verification and optimized ultrasonic signal acquisition","authors":"Jingchao Zhang , Shaoqun Zhang , Yixue Dong , Chen Li , Guoqian Jiang , Yingwei Li , Xiaoli Li","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasonic fault diagnosis has emerged as a promising technique for gear fault detection, owing to its capability to capture modulated high-frequency transients induced by incipient or localized defects. However, its practical application is constrained by the requirement for extremely high sampling rates. Heterodyne downconversion offers a potential solution by translating ultrasonic spectral components to lower frequencies, though its effectiveness in preserving diagnostic features remains insufficiently validated. This study conducts a theoretical analysis of the influence of heterodyne downconversion on ultrasonic signal characteristics and proposes an optimized heterodyne-based ultrasonic acquisition system with enhanced charge amplification and frequency conversion circuits. Experimental evaluations using a gear fault test platform demonstrate that the downconverted signals preserve the envelope spectral features of the original ultrasonic signals. Furthermore, comparative analyses indicate that the proposed method achieves superior fault detection sensitivity compared to conventional vibration-based techniques, particularly under high rotational speeds. These findings validate the feasibility and diagnostic advantages of the proposed heterodyne-based approach for efficient and accurate ultrasonic condition monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 118215"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel ratio algorithm for estimation of pCO2 fields in the Northern Indian ocean region using satellite oceanographic data 利用卫星海洋学数据估算北印度洋地区二氧化碳分压场的一种新型比值算法

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

Measurement Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118212

Ibrahim Shaik , Kande Vamsi Krishna , P.V. Nagamani

{"title":"A novel ratio algorithm for estimation of pCO2 fields in the Northern Indian ocean region using satellite oceanographic data","authors":"Ibrahim Shaik , Kande Vamsi Krishna , P.V. Nagamani","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estimating <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) is crucial for comprehending the global carbon cycle. However, conventional methods relying on in-situ measurements face challenges due to their time-consuming and expensive nature. Remote sensing is a promising alternative, offers high-resolution spatiotemporal data across large areas. In the Northern Indian Ocean (NIO) region, governed by the monsoon system, accurate <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> modelling is hindered by improper parameter selection and limited in-situ data availability. To address these challenges, we propose a novel ratio algorithm for estimating <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> fields in the NIO. This approach utilizes ratios derived from in-situ measurements of Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Sea Surface Salinity (SSS), and Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration. Through analysis of trends and ratios from in-situ datasets, our algorithm establishes a robust framework for <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> estimation. This ratio-based approach offers a feasible alternative for accurate <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> estimation in the NIO, overcoming the limitations of traditional methods and sparse in-situ measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 118212"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In-situ testing method for high-frequency vibration transmissibility of railway vehicles 铁道车辆高频振动传递性的原位试验方法

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

Measurement Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117993

Fansong Li , Haokun Qin , Xiaolong Ma , Huiwen Pang , Ye Song , Pingbo Wu

{"title":"In-situ testing method for high-frequency vibration transmissibility of railway vehicles","authors":"Fansong Li , Haokun Qin , Xiaolong Ma , Huiwen Pang , Ye Song , Pingbo Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Experimental methods remain essential for studying high-frequency vibrations of railway vehicles where numerical modeling proves inadequate due to system complexity. The traditional method of using hydraulic actuator to test the vibration transmission of suspension systems typically focuses on frequencies within 10 Hz, and mainly targets individual suspension component, which cannot directly achieve high-frequency vibration transmissibility of vehicles in situ. Consequently, this paper develops a polygonal roller-based high-frequency vibration test rig that enables in-situ measurement of vibration transmission characteristics in vehicle suspension systems, while simultaneously considering coupled vibration effects between structural modes and the suspension system. Furthermore, a data analysis method is proposed to calculate vibration transmissibility using the slip root mean square values. The experimental results verify the method’s capability in quantitative measurement of high-frequency vibration transmissibility, which has been applied to optimize suspension component selection. The findings could effectively support high-frequency performance optimization for suspension systems and structural modes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 117993"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sensor redundancy for supporting aero-engine condition monitoring and fault analysis 支持航空发动机状态监测和故障分析的传感器冗余

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

Measurement Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118192

Chen Cheng , Qiangang Zheng , Fenjun Jiang , Haibo Zhang

{"title":"Sensor redundancy for supporting aero-engine condition monitoring and fault analysis","authors":"Chen Cheng , Qiangang Zheng , Fenjun Jiang , Haibo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenges of measurement uncertainty and sensor fault analysis under complex aero-engine operating conditions, this paper proposes a novel sensor redundancy method based on causal inference. Designed for large-scale, complex flight data, the method employs the Hybrid Variational Stochastic Gradient Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HVSGHMC) approach, which integrates Structural Causal Models (SCM) to accurately capture causal relationships and model uncertainties. HVSGHMC first uses Variational Inference (VI) to efficiently approximate the posterior distribution, providing a fast and smooth initialization. However, as real-world aero-engine data often involve high nonlinearity and noise, VI alone is insufficient to capture the full complexity of the target distributions. To address this limitation, HVSGHMC introduces Stochastic Gradient Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (SGHMC) to refine the posterior, enabling precise uncertainty modeling and fault analysis in complex environments. This progressive approach ensures superior performance in challenging scenarios. Simulation experiments using real flight data from turbofan and turboshaft engines validate the method’s scalability and accuracy. The results demonstrate that HVSGHMC reduces average modeling errors by 42.4% compared to the baseline deep neural network (DNN). These findings highlight HVSGHMC as a practical and effective solution for improving posterior estimation while providing interpretable support for condition monitoring and fault analysis in complex aero-engine systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 118192"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An autoencoder-clustering-based framework of daily wind speed pattern recognition and prediction for mountainous valley bridges 基于自编码器聚类的山谷桥梁日风速模式识别与预测框架

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

Measurement Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118063

Rujin Ma , Junrui Zhang , Nanxi Chen , Wenpeng Ren , Hao Liu , Haocheng Chang , Airong Chen

{"title":"An autoencoder-clustering-based framework of daily wind speed pattern recognition and prediction for mountainous valley bridges","authors":"Rujin Ma , Junrui Zhang , Nanxi Chen , Wenpeng Ren , Hao Liu , Haocheng Chang , Airong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wind fields in mountain valleys exhibit pronounced diurnal variability, primarily influenced by topography and temperature fluctuations. A comprehensive understanding of these characteristics is crucial for optimizing the aerodynamic design of long-span bridge structures. This study develops a machine learning framework for recognizing and predicting daily wind speed variation patterns in mountain valleys. First, long-term field measurements of wind speed and temperature are collected from a bridge site in a mountainous valley, providing a comprehensive time-series dataset. Then, we apply Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) for data processing and train Autoencoders (AE) to extract representative features of diurnal variations in wind speed, temperature, and their combined patterns. Based on the extracted features, we categorize wind-speed–temperature variation patterns using correlation analysis and clustering methods. Finally, a segment-matching algorithm is used to recognize and predict wind speed trends over extended daily timescales. This study provides a structured approach to modeling daily wind speed variations, offering valuable insights into the dynamic wind environment of mountainous valleys and enhancing predictive capabilities for bridge wind-resistant design and operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 118063"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phone call parameters measuring system for remote metrology 用于远程计量的电话参数测量系统

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

Measurement Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118206

Paulius Kaškonas, Benas Gabrielis Urbonavičius, Asta Meškuotienė

{"title":"Phone call parameters measuring system for remote metrology","authors":"Paulius Kaškonas, Benas Gabrielis Urbonavičius, Asta Meškuotienė","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the development and characteristics of a reference system for verifying the call parameter measurement subsystems of telecommunication networks. A key challenge addressed in this work is the accurate measurement of phone call parameters, specifically, the transfer of geographically distributed events—such as the initiation and termination of calls by end-users—to a centralized measurement point to serve as inputs for the reference system. To solve this challenge, the paper proposes and successfully implements an internet-based communication approach using the Session Initiation Protocol together with NTP and GNSS time-source implementation technicalities.</div><div>The calibration methodology of the developed reference system is detailed, including the analysis of sources of systematic errors and uncertainty terms influencing the measurement process. Experimental calibration results for multiple devices demonstrate a systematic error of less than 0.1 ms in time interval measurement with an expanded calibration uncertainty of less than 12 ms.</div><div>The adoption of the described call parameters measurement system not only supports Environmental, Social, and Governance objectives but also aligns with sustainable development principles by minimizing environmental impact, enhancing operational efficiency, and promoting long-term usability through open-hardware design and adaptability to future technological advancements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 118206"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A High-precision method for detecting rolling bearing faultis in unmanned aerial vehicle based on improved 1DCNN-Informer model 基于改进1DCNN-Informer模型的无人机滚动轴承故障高精度检测方法

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

Measurement Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118200

Shuangbao Ma , Songjie Shi , Yapeng Zhang , Hongliang Gao

{"title":"A High-precision method for detecting rolling bearing faultis in unmanned aerial vehicle based on improved 1DCNN-Informer model","authors":"Shuangbao Ma , Songjie Shi , Yapeng Zhang , Hongliang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With increasing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) integration and system complexity, motor bearing failures have become more frequent due to long-term high-load operation. Effective vibration feature extraction and an improved classification model are essential for accurate and automated fault diagnosis of UAV motor bearings. This paper presents a novel fault diagnosis method based on a fused 1DCNN-Informer with MATT architecture. The proposed approach integrates signal preprocessing using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD), dual-branch feature extraction through One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1DCNN) and Informer networks, and feature fusion via a multi-head attention (MATT) mechanism to enhance diagnostic accuracy and model robustness. Specifically, FFT and VMD are jointly employed to extract multi-scale time–frequency features, effectively capturing subtle variations in the signals. Subsequently, a dual-branch network processes the signal in parallel, where the 1DCNN branch focuses on local temporal features, and the Informer branch models long-range dependencies. These complementary branches enable comprehensive feature representation. Finally, the MATT module adaptively fuses the extracted features by assigning dynamic weights, thereby improving sensitivity to key fault characteristics. Simulation results show that, under the same preprocessing conditions, it outperforms CNN-LSTM, TimesNet, Autoformer, and the original Informer. The model achieves 99.99% classification accuracy. Experiments confirm its effectiveness in diagnosing UAV motor bearing faults, showing strong practical value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 118200"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Timing compensation stacking for enhanced signal-to-noise ratio in vibroseis seismic exploration 提高可控震源地震勘探信噪比的时序补偿叠加

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

Measurement Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118068

Jiayang Gao, Xuefeng Xing

{"title":"Timing compensation stacking for enhanced signal-to-noise ratio in vibroseis seismic exploration","authors":"Jiayang Gao, Xuefeng Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In seismic exploration, vibrators are widely used due to their high signal repeatability and stacking quality. In urban and marine application environments, when GPS signals are lost, random synchronization errors will occur between vibrator and the acquisition system. During data processing, this error will result in a decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the stacked signal. This paper proposes an encoding timing compensation stacking method for correcting random synchronization errors. This method uses clustering algorithms to identify feature code sequences and employs weighted matching calculations to determine the timing jitter and drift of the collected signals, achieving dynamic correction of signal timing errors. Simulation results demonstrate that this method effectively enhances the clarity of seismic events in single-shot records under SNR conditions. Additionally, it exhibits broad applicability to sweep signals with different central frequencies. Based on field data experimental results, the coded timing compensation method effectively improved the data quality of the stacked signal. Compared to the uncompensated signal, the SNR of the near-field data stacking results increased by 11.2 dB. Furthermore, the maximum detectable distance of the direct arrival wave increased from 28 m to 44 m.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 118068"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of dynamic responses in steel lever of leveling valve during metro train operations 地铁列车运行中调平阀钢杆的动力响应评价

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

Measurement Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118198

Ziyu Tao , Yuling Wang , Wai Kei Ao , Fangru Zhou , Duo Zhang , Yi-Qing Ni

{"title":"Evaluation of dynamic responses in steel lever of leveling valve during metro train operations","authors":"Ziyu Tao , Yuling Wang , Wai Kei Ao , Fangru Zhou , Duo Zhang , Yi-Qing Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metro trains operating in tunnel environments with frequent dust exposure may lead to fatigue and ductile deformation in steel components due to insufficient movement caused by joint sticking. To avoid train operation accidents, this paper investigated the impact of joint sticking on the dynamic stress of the lever and link system for assessing the potential fatigue damage. A comprehensive onboard measurement campaign was conducted to study the experienced vibrations during train operations. The field measurements encompassed a total of 255 train events conducted between metro stations, during which the leveling valve was newly installed and operated without any malfunctions. An effective and precise impedance-based analytical model was developed to accurately assess the impact of joint sticking on the dynamic stresses. The validity of the proposed model was confirmed by comparisons with both numerical simulations and field measurements data. It achieves millisecond-scale solutions for all tested excitations, far outperforming FEM, which requires hundreds to thousands of seconds. Finally, the validated analytical model was utilized to quantify the effects of joint sticking on the dynamic stress of the lever and link system. The results emphasize that although joint sticking does not directly induce fatigue damage, it significantly amplifies the stress within the components by up to 14 times. It is advisable to prioritize periodic inspections and maintenance activities, especially for the joint connected to the bogie.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 118198"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wire rope lay length measurement based on DT-CWT 基于DT-CWT的钢丝绳成绳长度测量

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

Measurement Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118041

Peiyao Li, Guohua Cao

引用次数: 0

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