Measurement最新文献

{"title":"A hybrid theoretical–experimental method for calculating friction torque of cam roller bearings","authors":"Yu Fang ,&nbsp;Haizhou Wang ,&nbsp;Pengpeng Dong ,&nbsp;Chao Zhang ,&nbsp;Junhui Zhang ,&nbsp;Bing Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cam roller bearings are widely used in various machinery due to their low friction loss and high reliability. With the pursuit of higher power density in modern machinery, cam roller bearings require more and more compact geometry to withstand increased external loads, leading to an elevated friction torque. However, the friction torque characteristic of the cam roller bearing has not been systematically studied yet, theoretically or experimentally. In this study, a hybrid theoretical–experimental method is proposed to calculate the friction torque of cam roller bearings. Firstly, the friction torque theoretical model of the cam roller bearing is developed based on the mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory. Then a novel friction torque measurement system of the cam roller bearing is introduced. Based on experimental results, the uncertain parameters in the theoretical model are determined by nonlinear least-squared optimization. Finally, the proposed method is compared with the other commonly used models, demonstrating its superior capability in accurately calculating the friction torque of cam roller bearings. The main advantage of this method is that the sliding friction torque caused by asperity friction and hydrodynamic traction can be predicted more accurately. This method can facilitate a deeper understanding of the tribological mechanism of the cam roller bearing and be the foundation for investigating the further tribo-dynamic behavior of the cam and roller follower mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 118107"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave photonic FLRD based on phase shifting for high-sensitivity magnetic sensing","authors":"Peng Xiang,&nbsp;Aodi Yu,&nbsp;Can Li,&nbsp;Jundong Tian,&nbsp;Li Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a magnetic field sensing system that employs a phase-shifting fiber loop ring-down technique enhanced by microwave photonics, and it has been experimentally demonstrated. The system integrates a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) attached to a magnetostrictive material within the fiber loop, enabling the conversion of magnetic field variations into changes in loss. We performed theoretical and numerical analyses of the system’s output characteristics, confirming the feasibility of magnetic field measurements at various modulation frequencies. The sensitivity can be flexibly adjusted by modifying the modulation frequency. Experimental results demonstrate that this method achieves a sensitivity of 0.014 deg/Gs within the 0-350 Gs range. Including two identical FBGs allows for temperature compensation, ensuring excellent temperature stability. The magnetic field information from the two channels can be independently obtained by utilizing loss-insensitive points, eliminating crosstalk. This proposed scheme provides a dual-channel magnetic field measurement approach characterized by high sensitivity and robust stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 117928"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly sensitive and wide frequency response fiber-optic accelerometer array with switchable resonance frequency","authors":"Zhengzheng Tan ,&nbsp;Jianguan Tang ,&nbsp;Pinzeng Cheng ,&nbsp;Yuxiao Chen ,&nbsp;Minghong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To achieve distributed quantitative vibration monitoring, a mandrel-type fiber-optic accelerometer (FOA) array based on weak chirped fiber Bragg grating (wCFBG) is proposed, which has the advantages of high sensitivity and wide frequency response. The introduction of the diaphragm increases the stiffness of the FOA, and the resonant frequency can be switched by the flexible replacement of this assembly. The effect of the sensing fiber length on the FOA was experimentally investigated, and the designed FOA demonstrated a notable sensitivity of 39.47 dB @100 Hz. The FOA exhibits excellent flatness and a wide frequency response range, with a sensitivity fluctuation of 1 dB within 10–1400 Hz. The performance of the FOA was experimentally evaluated with different diaphragm thicknesses and numbers of arms. The FOA has a favorable lateral anti-interference ability, with a cross-axis sensitivity maintained below 2.87 % of the main axis. Additionally, a FOA array was constructed using the time-division multiplexing strategy based on wCFBG to achieve distributed vibration measurement. The proposed FOA array has the unique advantage of flexible resonant frequency switching, making it adaptable to vibration monitoring requirements in diverse scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 118110"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leakage diagnosis method of injection-production string in underground gas storage wellbore based on cooperative monitoring of multi-physical fields","authors":"Hao Hu ,&nbsp;Ge Meng ,&nbsp;Long Chen ,&nbsp;Yuanfeng Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leakage of wellbore injection-production string is one of the important risks affecting the safe operation of underground gas storage reservoirs, and its early monitoring and diagnosis are crucial to safeguard the integrity of the reservoirs. However, the current monitoring technology for injection-production string micro-flow leakage still has the problem of insufficient accuracy. In this study, a wellbore injection-production string integrity failure diagnostic model is proposed based on the multi-physics collaborative monitoring technology of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) and distributed temperature sensing (DTS) to improve the efficiency and accuracy of leakage diagnosis. Through theoretical modeling, experimental device development, and leakage simulation experiments, the characteristic patterns of temperature and acoustic vibration fields under different internal and external pressure differences (5 MPa, 7 MPa, 9 MPa) and leakage rates (0.25 L/min to 10 L/min) are systematically analyzed. The results show that under high leakage rate and high differential pressure, the temperature and acoustic wave signals near the leakage point change significantly. Under the condition of small leakage (≤0.5 L/min), it is difficult to effectively capture the leakage characteristic signals by the multi-physical field cooperative monitoring technique. For this reason, this study proposes a data fusion diagnostic model based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) and D-S evidence theory and successfully realizes high-precision identification of tiny leaks (support are higher than 0.99). Compared with the traditional model, the method shows significant advantages in terms of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. The multi-physics field cooperative monitoring method in this study provides a new technical approach for integrity monitoring of wellbore injection-production string in gas storage reservoirs. The proposed wellbore leakage failure diagnostic model provides a reliable theoretical basis for improving wellbore safety and early warning monitoring capability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 118092"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical modeling of tribo/piezoelectric transducers for energy harvesting from slow plant movements","authors":"Carlo Trigona ,&nbsp;Giuliano A. Salerno ,&nbsp;Nunzio Salerno ,&nbsp;Salvatore Baglio ,&nbsp;Adi R. Bulsara","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces two new analytical approaches to estimate the electromechanical energy conversion capability of two different systems: one that uses a cantilevered piezoelectric transducer with a single layer of piezoelectric material and the other that employs a sliding triboelectric transducer with cylindrical elements. The first one proposes a simplified model of a cantilever piezoelectric beam, focusing on its first vibration mode, and incorporates a simplified assumption for the neutral axis position in a single-layer beam, providing a theoretical foundation for designing self-powered sensing systems. The second model introduces, for the first time in the literature, a predictive framework for voltage generation from sliding cylindrical structures made of triboelectric materials. Both systems are designed to be moved by the small oscillations of the leaves and branches of plants shaken by wind. Three sheets of piezoelectric material were developed to simulate leaves of three different sizes. Analytical test results show a theoretical generation of 1.8 mV for the medium-size leaf and 7 mV for the branches. The triboelectric transducer operates at an oscillation frequency of 1 Hz. Through the synergy between the two types of transducers, a theoretical power of 0.27 nW has been estimated for small oscillations (2.2 mm) imposed on the leaves, with branch oscillations occurring at a frequency of 1 Hz. These results will highlight the suitability of the proposed environmentally friendly and mimetic energy harvesting devices, sparking interest across various sectors, including smart agriculture, distributed measurement systems, and the preservation of cultural heritage and historical gardens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 118109"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilayer perceptron Algorithm-Enabled flexible Laser-Induced graphene microwave sensor for intelligent biomechanical monitoring of sedentary behaviors","authors":"He Yu,&nbsp;Lin Song,&nbsp;Chang-Yun-Kun Xiao,&nbsp;Mu-Gen Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sedentary behavior in contemporary office environments represents a critical health challenge, characterized by substantial risks of musculoskeletal fatigue and long-term physiological disorders, thereby necessitating innovative real-time motion monitoring solutions. This pioneering research presents a flexible microwave sensor based on laser-induced graphene (LIG) and a hybrid conductive pattern that integrates spiral inductors and interdigital capacitance within a coplanar waveguide (CPW) configuration. The sensor operated at a resonant frequency of 3.80 GHz, exhibiting exceptional performance with high sensitivity (3.45 MHz/°), robust stability, and the ability to distinguish bidirectional bending up to 90°. Furthermore, it demonstrated superior capability in tracking human joint movements in real time. By incorporating a multilayer perceptron (MLP) algorithm, the monitoring system achieved 97.35 % accuracy in recognizing nine distinct sitting postures. The research of MLP-assisted flexible LIG microwave sensor not only addresses critical challenges in sedentary behavior monitoring but also establishes a compelling paradigm for next-generation intelligent sensing technologies that bridge biomechanical understanding with advanced microwave electronic engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"255 ","pages":"Article 118084"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristic analysis of rolling bearing dynamic response under raceway multiple faults","authors":"Jimin Hu,&nbsp;Juanjuan Shi,&nbsp;Weiguo Huang,&nbsp;Zhongkui Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamic modeling is widely used in bearing fault diagnosis. Bearings with multiple faults produce more complex vibration characteristics, complicating fault characteristic extraction. Current studies on fault characteristics with outer raceway multiple faults are insufficient, and quantitative evaluation for dynamic characteristics is lacking. Therefore, a 6-DOF dynamic model with outer raceway multiple faults is established, introducing a unit resonator to simulate high-frequency vibration caused by bearing faults. This model is validated by experiments. The effects of fault number, spacing angle and distribution pattern on dynamic characteristics are studied using phase trajectory, envelope analysis and Lempel–Ziv complexity (LZC) index. Results show these factors significantly impact the envelope characteristic and phase abrupt changes. The change pattern in signal LZC values for different spacing angles of multiple faults is identified. This research provides valuable information for exploring the dynamic characteristics of bearing with multiple faults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 118108"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Onsite non-invasive partial discharge detection and location system for underground cables using customized envelope detection","authors":"Mert Bekir Atsever ,&nbsp;Serhan Yarkan ,&nbsp;Mehmet Hakan Hocaoğlu","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Partial Discharge (PD) can be considered as an insulation defect. Magnitude and frequency of the PDs provide information about the insulation health of the underground cables. Therefore, detection and location of PD are particularly crucial for mission-critical cable feeders. Hence, accurate PD location estimation increases efficiency by reducing repair costs, time spent on operation, and crew dispatching. Commercial PD measurement devices, generally, have high costs and require expert knowledge. Further, signal processing of the raw PD data is not published. This study propose onsite partial discharge detection and location system for underground cables. The raw PD data taken from the HFCTs which connect to the cable sheaths rather than the phase’s. Thus, non-invasive measurements are provided. The magnitude and location of the PDs are obtained by using a complex baseband digital signal processing algorithm with an customized envelope detection technique. The effectiveness of the proposed customized envelope detection technique is demonstrated by simultaneous onsite measurements with a commercial PD test device. The result of the study is compatible with the results obtained with the commercial PD test device. Another important results is that the PD detection and location detection is conducted on relatively longer XLPE cable (2832 meters) compared to the existing literature. Therefore, it can be used for the live PD tests by distribution system operators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 117911"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simplified P&O based MPPT control for power transfer and voltage stability in IIG systems driven by ungoverned micro-hydro turbine","authors":"Himadri Sekhar Chatterjee ,&nbsp;Pallav Kumar Bera ,&nbsp;Sankar Narayan Mahato","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a Simplified Perturb and Observe (SP&amp;O) based control aimed at managing the power transfer between a three-phase/single-phase AC load and a regulated DC load, powered by a three-phase Isolated Induction Generator (IIG) connected to an uncontrolled hydro turbine in remote mountainous areas. The controller’s effective operation depends on precise feedback from sensors, which act as input signals. Specifically, two sensors — one measuring voltage and the other measuring current — are used to supply input to the Real-Time Implementation (RTI) platform. The AD202KY voltage sensor is placed at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) of the IIG, while the LA55-P current sensor measures the AC load current. To improve signal quality and control feedback voltages, additional Signal Conditioning Circuits (SCCs) using op-amp based TL084 and LF353 are connected to the voltage and current sensors, respectively. These SCCs eliminate noise signals and ensure optimal performance. Additionally, we suggest an external excitation scheme for the three-phase IIG, which includes a single capacitor (<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> scheme) to enable single-phase household supply. The proposed control methodology for power transfer has been successfully tested on two different three-phase, 415 V machines rated at 2.2 kW and 1.5 kW respectively using the dSPACE 1104 as the RTI platform, with a sampling time of 1ms. Importantly, the proposed method shows a reduction in power fluctuations and terminal voltage oscillations in domestic loads during sudden main load applications, underscoring its effectiveness in ensuring smooth power transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 117943"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-agent adaptive filtering with outlier mitigation using constrained mixture distributions","authors":"Zihao Jiang ,&nbsp;Giorgio Battistelli ,&nbsp;Luigi Chisci ,&nbsp;Weidong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance multi-agent state estimation under measurement noise with unknown (potentially time-varying) covariance and polluted by outliers, we employ a <em>Bernoulli–Gaussian</em> model of measurement noise with <em>constrained inverse-Wishart</em> distributions for the unknown covariances. Building upon this model, we propose a novel robust adaptive constrained filter as well as a distributed multi-sensor extension integrating variational Bayesian and hybrid consensus approaches. Simulation results in a target tracking scenario demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed filter in addressing state estimation challenges arising from unknown measurement noise statistics and the presence of outliers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"256 ","pages":"Article 117946"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}