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Progressive orthogonal matching pursuit and adaptive modal screening for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery components using acoustic signals
IF 5.2 2区 工程技术
Measurement Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117345
Weiyang Xu , Jialong He , Guofa Li , Chenchen Wu , Jun Lv , Chenhui Qian
{"title":"Progressive orthogonal matching pursuit and adaptive modal screening for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery components using acoustic signals","authors":"Weiyang Xu ,&nbsp;Jialong He ,&nbsp;Guofa Li ,&nbsp;Chenchen Wu ,&nbsp;Jun Lv ,&nbsp;Chenhui Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To overcome limited placement options of contact-based vibration sensors in detecting rotating machinery, a novel fault diagnosis method is proposed, integrating non-contact measurement with Progressive Orthogonal Matching Pursuit and Adaptive Modal Screening (POMP-AMS). This approach aims to boost diagnostic accuracy by extracting key components from acoustic signals. It addresses weak fault signatures and noise issues by using a POMP-AMS-based noise reduction and feature enhancement technique. Utilizing cross-correlation coefficients and Fourier bases, it performs correlation orthogonal matching pursuit to eliminate extreme noise. Adaptive modal filtering further enhances fault features. Selected modes construct an initial matrix for noise reduction and sparse representation, resulting in filtered and reconstructed feature signals. Validated with the Ottawa dataset, the method surpasses Fast Kurtogram, OMP, and GSL in extracting hidden faults and assessing bearing health, offering low-cost data acquisition and high early fault recognition, ideal for practical engineering monitoring and diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 117345"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
3D detection of pavement cracking utilizing a neural radiation field (NeRF) and semantic segmentation network
IF 5.2 2区 工程技术
Measurement Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117336
Changjie Yao , Mingtang Chai , Guoyu Li , Dun Chen , Qingsong Du , Shunshun Qi , Kai Gao
{"title":"3D detection of pavement cracking utilizing a neural radiation field (NeRF) and semantic segmentation network","authors":"Changjie Yao ,&nbsp;Mingtang Chai ,&nbsp;Guoyu Li ,&nbsp;Dun Chen ,&nbsp;Qingsong Du ,&nbsp;Shunshun Qi ,&nbsp;Kai Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The automatic detection of pavement cracks is important for maintaining road surfaces and vehicle safety. However, the current two-dimensional image-based automatic pavement detection method has environmental limitations. A novel framework for automatically detecting pavement cracks was proposed that combines computer vision techniques with deep learning methodologies. Using the neural radiance field multi-view stereoscopic imaging algorithm (Point-NeRF), we established a road surface point-cloud model comprising color images, depth images, and color-depth overlapping images. This approach overcame the limitations of the traditional structure from motion-multi-view stereo (SFM-MVS) algorithm through its fast modeling capabilities. To improve the spatial feature extraction structure for semantic segmentation tasks while reducing the network training burden, our proposed deep learning framework was based on PointNet++ with integrated coordinate attention and aggregate attention pooling mechanisms. The results indicate that the average root mean square error of the point pair distance reconstructed by the Point-NeRF algorithm and the point cloud reconstructed by the SVM-MVS algorithm was &lt; 1.4 cm, demonstrating a high level of accuracy. Furthermore, the models had strong similarity, indicating an excellent reconstruction quality and a tenfold improvement in modeling efficiency compared to the SVM-MVS algorithm. Our proposed method achieved an outstanding performance in semantic segmentation tasks for pavement crack detection in terms of overall accuracy (91.8 %), mean intersection over union (80.1 %), precision (89.2 %), recall (87.3 %), and F1 score (88.2 %). Errors in length, width, and depth calculations were within acceptable limits with deviations below 0.3, 0.02, and 0.7 cm, respectively, while error rates were below 20 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 117336"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A new method for long-term temperature compensation of structural health monitoring by ultrasonic guided wave
IF 5.2 2区 工程技术
Measurement Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117310
Weixu Liu , Jianhong Hu , Fuzai Lv , Zhifeng Tang
{"title":"A new method for long-term temperature compensation of structural health monitoring by ultrasonic guided wave","authors":"Weixu Liu ,&nbsp;Jianhong Hu ,&nbsp;Fuzai Lv ,&nbsp;Zhifeng Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Temperature variations significantly impact ultrasonic guided wave monitoring in non-destructive evaluation and structural health monitoring, particularly in long-distance, irregular waveguides. These variations cause time shifts and amplitude attenuation in guided wave signals, leading to false alarms and missed alarms. To address these challenges, a new temperature compensation algorithm is proposed to improve the stability of ultrasonic guided wave monitoring signals. The algorithm is based on improved optimal baseline selection, the Hilbert transform, and negative exponential amplitude attenuation relationship (IOHN). In the time domain, an incomplete baseline library with a temperature interval of 10 °C to 20 °C is established, and coarse tuning is carried out through the designed optimal baseline selection strategy to obtain the <em>M</em> = 20–40 most relevant baseline signals; in the Hilbert domain, the average instantaneous parameters of the <em>M</em> signals are designed for fine tuning compensation. Finally, based on the defined compensation index, the robustness and accuracy of the proposed method are verified through high and low temperature experiments, and damage detection experiment, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the IOHN method over traditional approaches. It achieves a maximum residual error reduction of 10 dB and a normalized mean squared error reduction of 0.15 to 0.2 compared to the optimal baseline selection method. In outdoor on-site experiments, it achieves an average recognition accuracy of 99.43 % in detecting simulated damage under a variable temperature environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 117310"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hydroxide Catalysis Bonding settling time in different alkaline solutions
IF 5.2 2区 工程技术
Measurement Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117250
Tao Li , Fang-Jie Liao , Bin Cao , Lin-Xia Liu , Ming Li , Jing-Yi Zhang , Hui-Zong Duan , Hsien-Chi Yeh
{"title":"Hydroxide Catalysis Bonding settling time in different alkaline solutions","authors":"Tao Li ,&nbsp;Fang-Jie Liao ,&nbsp;Bin Cao ,&nbsp;Lin-Xia Liu ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Jing-Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Hui-Zong Duan ,&nbsp;Hsien-Chi Yeh","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydroxide Catalysis Bonding (HCB) is an advanced technique used for bonding silicate-based materials. This technique is widely used in gravitational wave detection, playing a crucial role in ground-based gravitational wave detectors like LIGO, as well as in space-based gravitational wave detectors such as LISA and TianQin. These areas require precise arrangement and positioning of optical elements, which means HCB technique must offer sufficient settling time to assemble these components. This study employs a non-destructive and optical method to evaluate the settling time of HCB by measuring the bond’s reflectivity based on the multiple-beam interference within the bond. The results show a clear relationship between the settling time of HCB and the concentration of the bonding solution. Furthermore, it was observed that the settling time for sodium silicate, which is a secondary dissociated solution, is shorter than that for a fully dissociated hydroxide solution like NaOH and KOH. Specifically, the average settling time for sodium silicate utilized in this research was approximately 653 seconds. These results offer valuable insights for optimizing assembly methodologies in fields employing HCB, enhancing the precision and reliability of optical systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 117250"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recognition of rolling bearing life status based on GI performance degradation indicator and AGNCN
IF 5.2 2区 工程技术
Measurement Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117323
Panpan Guo , Weiguo Huang , Xiao Zhang , Jun Wang , Changqing Shen , Zhongkui Zhu
{"title":"Recognition of rolling bearing life status based on GI performance degradation indicator and AGNCN","authors":"Panpan Guo ,&nbsp;Weiguo Huang ,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Changqing Shen ,&nbsp;Zhongkui Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the complexities of bearing performance degradation assessment, the challenges of life status<!--> <!-->identification in small sample scenarios, and the issue of unclear diagnostic mechanisms, a rolling bearing life status recognition method is proposed based on the Gini Index (GI) and physical features weighted Adaptive Gate Neurons Convolutional Network (AGNCN). Firstly, the Gini Index (GI) is employed to assess the degradation process of bearing performance and categorize the bearing life status. Secondly, an Adaptive Gate Neurons model with physical features weighted is proposed. Specifically, we have designed the Adaptive Gate Neuron with physical features weighted that adaptively adjusts the combination mode of quadratic convolutions. Furthermore, we have established the mathematical relationship between the learnable weighted autocorrelation and the physically features weighted Adaptive Gate Neuron, theoretically proving its superiority in feature extraction capabilities, thereby which enables it to assign higher weights to the periodic features in the time-domain signals of bearings at different life status. Based on this, we propose the physically features weighted Adaptive Gating Neurons Convolutional Network (AGNCN) combined with a residual structure. Then, we conducted a thorough analysis of the internal mechanisms of the physically features weighted Adaptive Gate Neuron, revealing an embedded attention mechanism that endows the AGNCN model with inherent interpretability. Finally, experiments were carried out using the full-life dataset of rolling bearings. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively and reliably identify the life status of rolling bearings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 117323"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurement of static and dynamic normal stress of granular materials in silos
IF 5.2 2区 工程技术
Measurement Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117335
Yue Xu , Chen Quan , Ran Li , Wenjing Wang , Yunsong Hua , Hui Yang
{"title":"Measurement of static and dynamic normal stress of granular materials in silos","authors":"Yue Xu ,&nbsp;Chen Quan ,&nbsp;Ran Li ,&nbsp;Wenjing Wang ,&nbsp;Yunsong Hua ,&nbsp;Hui Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate measurement of normal stress distribution on silo walls is essential for optimizing silo structural design and improving industrial silo safety. In this study, an embedded silo normal stress measurement system is designed to eliminate nonlinear system errors and prevent the influence of wall vibrations. By hydrostatic pressure experiments, the excellent accuracy and repeatability of the proposed measurement system are validated. Furthermore, the comparison of the stress measurement results with three different models reveals that the distribution of stress increase and stress saturation aligns with the Janssen model. Moreover, for the first time in the experiment, the trend of stress reduction is observed, which only obtained through the simulation. Notably, the dynamic response of the normal stress on the wall at different position is inconsistent, which will be influenced by both the granular packing structure and the distance from the outlet. Finally, a stabilized stress region is found in the hopper during the discharge process, which we hypothesize is caused by localized consistency in particle motion above the outlet, leading to a more stable packing structure of discrete particles. Accurate measurement of normal stress on silo walls not only helps to improve the silo stress distribution model, but also provides key data for silo design optimization and prevention of silo clogging and collapse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 117335"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Split TMR-eddy current sensor monitoring of fatigue cracks in the inner layers of structures
IF 5.2 2区 工程技术
Measurement Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117338
Chengjie Ping, Tao Chen, Yuting He, Xianghong Fan, Tao An
{"title":"Split TMR-eddy current sensor monitoring of fatigue cracks in the inner layers of structures","authors":"Chengjie Ping,&nbsp;Tao Chen,&nbsp;Yuting He,&nbsp;Xianghong Fan,&nbsp;Tao An","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is difficult to detect the inner fatigue cracks of the multi-layer structure on the aircraft in time, so there are serious safety risks. A split TMR (tunnel magneto resistance)-eddy current sensor is proposed in this work. With more turns of excitation coils to obtain a stronger initial magnetic field, the TMR chips array also increases the monitoring range. Fatigue test shows that the split TMR-eddy current sensor can monitor the expansion of inner layer fatigue cracks from 2 mm to 4 mm deep from the structural surface. For inner cracks of 2 mm depth, the sensor can distinguish cracks of 11 mm and 19 mm by using single frequency excitation mode, and the maximum monitoring sensitivity <span><math><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>C</mi></msub></math></span> can reach 7.22 % and 5.42 %, respectively. The inner crack length can be quantified initially.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 117338"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of drop tower enabled module to study the effect of microgravity on the metal foaming behaviour
IF 5.2 2区 工程技术
Measurement Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117349
Neelabh Menaria , A. Adhithya Plato Sidharth , M. Venkateshwaran , P. Niketh , Sathyan Subbiah , S. Sankaran
{"title":"Development of drop tower enabled module to study the effect of microgravity on the metal foaming behaviour","authors":"Neelabh Menaria ,&nbsp;A. Adhithya Plato Sidharth ,&nbsp;M. Venkateshwaran ,&nbsp;P. Niketh ,&nbsp;Sathyan Subbiah ,&nbsp;S. Sankaran","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a novel drop tower-enabled module developed to study metal foam expansion during the short microgravity period of the drop test. Drop towers are the most accessible microgravity platform but have their challenges. The primary design challenge is building a foaming module that can be housed inside the drop capsule, coupled with a camera to monitor the foam expansion and standardize the critical parameters such as data acquisition, temperature monitoring, heat transfer control, pressure control, heating rate, and power supply. The design iterations were carried out to promote the actual expansion of metal foam and minimize the scattering of results. The developed module successfully underwent drop testing and demonstrated resilience against high g-forces. This module will expand the potential for conducting more metal foaming experiments in microgravity by utilizing readily accessible platforms like drop towers. It will capitalize on the advantages offered by the microgravity environment, such as the diminished drainage effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 117349"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An overview of the current state of knowledge and technology on techniques and procedures for signal processing, analysis, and accurate inference for transportation noise and vibration
IF 5.2 2区 工程技术
Measurement Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117314
Rafał Burdzik , Diyar Khan
{"title":"An overview of the current state of knowledge and technology on techniques and procedures for signal processing, analysis, and accurate inference for transportation noise and vibration","authors":"Rafał Burdzik ,&nbsp;Diyar Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review paper provides a thorough review of the current state of knowledge and technology in noise and vibration research within the transport sector, with a particular focus on signal processing, analysis methods, and inference techniques. This paper highlights the practical relevance of these advancements by addressing the engineering challenges associated with diverse transport modes, including road, rail, air, and marine systems. This review paper examines the cutting-edge techniques such as time–frequency analysis, wavelet transforms, and machine learning algorithms, using a systematic approach based on the PRISMA framework. These methods not only improve the detection, characterization, and mitigation of noise and vibration but also enable accurate diagnostics and informed management strategies essential for the engineering domain. Key practical applications include the use of advanced digital signal processing techniques in vibration-based structural health monitoring and the use of machine learning for noise reduction and inference. Additionally, the historical evolution of noise and vibration research is explored, showcasing the interdisciplinary integration of artificial intelligence in contemporary engineering approaches. The study identifies critical research gaps, such as the need for adaptive algorithms and real-time processing capabilities, while emphasizing the emerging role of electric vehicles and artificial intelligence-driven technologies in creating quieter, more efficient transport systems. By addressing these challenges, this work contributes to safer, more sustainable transportation infrastructures, offering a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and policymakers. The findings highlight the transformative potential of advanced signal processing in tackling real-world noise and vibration challenges, fostering engineering solutions that enhance transportation safety and sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 117314"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dual Fabry-Perot interferometric fibre-optic vernier temperature and salinity sensor based on femtosecond laser etching
IF 5.2 2区 工程技术
Measurement Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117305
Chaofan Li , Yong Zhao , Ziting Lin , Maoqing Chen , Lu Cai
{"title":"Dual Fabry-Perot interferometric fibre-optic vernier temperature and salinity sensor based on femtosecond laser etching","authors":"Chaofan Li ,&nbsp;Yong Zhao ,&nbsp;Ziting Lin ,&nbsp;Maoqing Chen ,&nbsp;Lu Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, dual Fabry Perot interferometric (FPI) vernier sensor have been developed to enable highly sensitive measurements of temperature and salinity. Utilizing femtosecond laser technology, a U-shaped open microcavity is etched on hollow core fiber (HCF) to serve as the salinity cavity, allowing for full flow of seawater into the microcavity. Simultaneously, a rectangular square groove is etched on another HCF to serve as the temperature cavity for rapid filling with ultraviolet (UV) adhesive material. To our knowledge, this is the first time that U-type optical fibers are etched to form a fiber optic vernier sensor for simultaneous measurement of seawater temperature and salinity based on femtosecond laser etching. The developed vernier sensor can accurately measure temperature and salinity with the sensitivity of −3.602 nm/°C and 1.533 nm/‰, according to experimental results. In stability tests, maximum shifts in interferometric wavelengths for the salinity and temperature cavities are recorded at 0.58 nm and 0.78 nm respectively. Furthermore, positions of interfering wavelengths remain consistently aligned across six repeatability measurement experiments conducted under identical conditions of salinity and temperature. The proposed structure has excellent stability, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness. It may be used as a novel form of sensor to monitor seawater salinity and temperature with high resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18349,"journal":{"name":"Measurement","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 117305"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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