Materials最新文献_第9页

Rheological, Fresh State, and Strength Characteristics of Alkali-Activated Mortars Incorporating MgO and Carbon Nanoparticles.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235931

Mohammad Ali Hossain, Khandaker M A Hossain

{"title":"Rheological, Fresh State, and Strength Characteristics of Alkali-Activated Mortars Incorporating MgO and Carbon Nanoparticles.","authors":"Mohammad Ali Hossain, Khandaker M A Hossain","doi":"10.3390/ma17235931","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235931","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a comprehensive assessment of the fresh state, rheological, and mechanical properties of alkali-activated mortars (AAMs) developed by incorporating magnesium oxide (MgO) and nanomaterials. A total of 24 AAM mixes with varying content of MgO, multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were developed following the one-part dry mix technique using powder-based activators/reagents. The effects of the types/combinations of source materials (binary or ternary)/reagents, MgO (0 to 5%), MWCNT (0 to 0.6%), and rGO (0 to 0.6%) were evaluated in terms of the mini-slump flow, setting times, viscosity, yield stress, compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), and microstructural properties. The results showed that the addition of finer MgO/nano-fillers produced a higher viscosity and yield stress accompanied by a lower slump flow and setting times. The addition of 5% MgO resulted in the lowest slump flow of 80 mm, 2-2.5 times higher viscosity, and the reduction in the initial and final setting times of about 21% and 16%, respectively. Mixes with MWCNT showed about 5-10% higher viscosity whereas for mixes with rGO, the values were noted to be 8% higher, on average, than the mixes with no MWCNT or rGO. All the developed AAMs exhibited shear-thinning behavior. The 28-day compressive strength of the AAMs ranged from 37 MPa to 49 MPa with 5% MgO and up to a 0.3% MWCNT/rGO addition increased the compressive strength. Correlations among the fresh state, rheological, and mechanical properties such as the viscosity, slump flow, setting time, compressive strength, and UPV are also described.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediction of the Stability of the Casting Process by the HPDC Method on the Basis of Knowledge Obtained by Data Mining Techniques.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235935

Marcin Brzeziński, Jakub Wiśniowski, Mariusz Łucarz, Karolina Kaczmarska, Alena Pribulová, Peter Futáš

{"title":"Prediction of the Stability of the Casting Process by the HPDC Method on the Basis of Knowledge Obtained by Data Mining Techniques.","authors":"Marcin Brzeziński, Jakub Wiśniowski, Mariusz Łucarz, Karolina Kaczmarska, Alena Pribulová, Peter Futáš","doi":"10.3390/ma17235935","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235935","url":null,"abstract":"High-pressure die casting (HPDC) of aluminum alloys is one of the most efficient manufacturing methods, offering high repeatability and the ability to produce highly complex castings. The cast parts are characterized by good surface quality, high dimensional accuracy, and high tensile strength. Continuous technological advancements are driving the increase in part complexity and quality requirements. Numerous parameters impact the quality of a casting in the HPDC process. The most commonly controlled parameters include plunger velocity in the first and second phases, switching point, and intensification pressure. However, a key question arises: is there a parameter that can predict casting quality? This article presents an exploratory analysis of data recorded in a modern HPDC casting machine, focusing on the thickness of the biscuit. The biscuit is the first component of the casting runner system, with a diameter equivalent to that of the injection chamber and a height linked to various processes and mold characteristics. While its diameter is fixed, the thickness varies. The nominal thickness value and tolerances are defined by the process designer based on calculations. Although the thickness of the biscuit does not affect the casting geometry, it influences porosity and cold-shot formation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between biscuit thickness and casting quality parameters, such as porosity. For this purpose, a series of injections was produced using automated gating, and biscuit thicknesses were examined. This article presents quality assessment tools and statistical analyses demonstrating a strong correlation between biscuit thickness and casting quality. The knowledge gained from the methodology and analyses developed in this study can be applied in support systems for the quality diagnostics of HPDC castings.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11644006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An In Situ Study of Short Crack Initiation and Propagation During Fatigue Testing of a Hot Isostatically Pressed Al-7%Si-0.5%Mg (A357-T6) Alloy Specimen.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235928

Toni Bogdanoff, Murat Tiryakioğlu

引用次数: 0

Microstructure of the Working Layer of X46Cr13 Steel in a Bimetal System with Gray Cast Iron.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235933

Natalia Przyszlak, Tomasz Wróbel, Agnieszka Dulska, Paweł M Nuckowski, Dariusz Łukowiec, Marcin Stawarz

{"title":"Microstructure of the Working Layer of X46Cr13 Steel in a Bimetal System with Gray Cast Iron.","authors":"Natalia Przyszlak, Tomasz Wróbel, Agnieszka Dulska, Paweł M Nuckowski, Dariusz Łukowiec, Marcin Stawarz","doi":"10.3390/ma17235933","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235933","url":null,"abstract":"The research conducted in this study aimed to determine whether the production of a layered casting in the material system of X46Cr13 steel (working part) and gray cast iron (base part) can be integrated with the hardening process of this steel within the conditions of the casting mold. Accordingly, a series of layered castings was produced by preparing the mold cavity, where a monolithic steel insert was poured with molten gray cast iron with flake graphite. The variable factors in the casting production process included the pouring temperature Tp and the thickness of the support part g. Importantly, given that the hardening of the X46Cr13 steel insert occurred directly within the mold, the selection of casting parameters had to balance the ability to heat the insert to the austenitization temperature Tγ≥950°C while also creating thermokinetic conditions conducive to the rapid cooling of the system. Therefore, chromite sand-commonly regarded as a rapid-cooling material-was selected as the matrix for the molding material. Based on the conducted studies, it was determined that the thermokinetic properties of this material allowed the surface of the cast working part to be heated to the austenitization temperature. The microstructure consisted of Cr(Fe) carbides within a martensitic-pearlitic matrix, with martensite filling the grains of the primary austenite and pearlite situated along their boundaries. The carbides were primarily located at grain boundaries and, to a lesser extent, within the primary austenite grains. Through transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry, the type of Cr(Fe) carbide in the microstructure of the working part was identified as M23C6.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep Learning-Assisted Analysis of GO-Reinforcing Effects on the Interfacial Transition Zone of CWRB.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235926

Jiajian Yu, Zhiwei Chen, Xiaoli Xu, Xinjie Su, Shuai Liang, Yanchao Wang, Junqing Hong, Shaofeng Zhang

{"title":"Deep Learning-Assisted Analysis of GO-Reinforcing Effects on the Interfacial Transition Zone of CWRB.","authors":"Jiajian Yu, Zhiwei Chen, Xiaoli Xu, Xinjie Su, Shuai Liang, Yanchao Wang, Junqing Hong, Shaofeng Zhang","doi":"10.3390/ma17235926","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235926","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the enhancing mechanisms of graphene oxide (GO) on the pore structure characteristics in the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) plays a crucial role in cemented waste rock backfill (CWRB) nanoreinforcement. In the present work, an innovative method based on metal intrusion techniques, backscattered electron (BSE) images, and deep learning is proposed to analyze the micro/nanoscale characteristics of microstructures in the GO-enhanced ITZ. The results showed that the addition of GO reduced the interpore connectivity and the porosity at different pore throats by 53.5-53.8%. GO promotes hydration reaction in the ITZ region; reduces pore circularity, solidity, and aspect ratio; enhances the mechanical strength of CWRB; and reduces transport performance to form a dense microstructure in the ITZ. Deep learning-based analyses were then proposed to classify and recognize BSE image features, with a high average recognition accuracy of 95.8%. After that, the deep Taylor decomposition (DTD) algorithm successfully located the enhanced features of graphene oxide modification in the ITZ. The calculation and verification of the typical pore optimization area of the location show that the optimization efficiency reaches 9.6-9.8%. This study not only demonstrated the deepening of the enhancement effect of GO on the pore structure in cement composites and provided new insights for the structural modification application of GO but also revealed the application prospect of GO in the strengthening of CWRB composites and solid waste recycling.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanoscale Indentation-Induced Crystal Plasticity in CrCoNi Medium-Entropy Alloys Containing Short-Range Order.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235932

Meijing Ren, Fengbo Han, Xu Zhu, Yue Peng, Yanqing Zu, Peitao Liu, Ailing Feng

{"title":"Nanoscale Indentation-Induced Crystal Plasticity in CrCoNi Medium-Entropy Alloys Containing Short-Range Order.","authors":"Meijing Ren, Fengbo Han, Xu Zhu, Yue Peng, Yanqing Zu, Peitao Liu, Ailing Feng","doi":"10.3390/ma17235932","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235932","url":null,"abstract":"CrCoNi medium-entropy alloys (MEAs), characterised by their high configurational entropies, have become a research hotspot in materials science. Recent studies have indicated that MEAs exhibit short-range order (SRO), which affects their deformation mechanisms. In this study, the micro-mechanisms of SRO within the framework of mesoscale continuum mechanics are mathematically evaluated using an advanced, non-local crystal plasticity constitutive framework. Furthermore, a crystal plasticity model considering the impact of SRO on slip is established. By combining nanoindentation simulations and multi-level grain model tensile simulations, the load-displacement and stress-strain curves demonstrated that the presence of SRO increases the hardness of MEAs. More specifically, considering the distribution of shear strain and geometrically necessary dislocations, the heterogeneity of MEAs increases with an increase in the degree of SRO. This study not only enriches the crystal plasticity theory but also provides references for the microstructure and performance regulation of high-performance multi-level grain structure materials.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11642976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on Natural Fiber Microstructure Detection Method Based on CA-DeepLabv3.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235942

Shuaishuai Lv, Xiaoyuan Li, Hitoshi Takagi, Zhengjie Hou, Yifei Zhai, Linfei Chen, Hongjun Ni

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Zirconium on the Microstructure and Properties of Cast AlCoCrFeNi_2.1 Eutectic High-Entropy Alloy.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235938

Rongbin Li, Weichu Sun, Saiya Li, Zhijun Cheng

{"title":"The Effect of Zirconium on the Microstructure and Properties of Cast AlCoCrFeNi2.1 Eutectic High-Entropy Alloy.","authors":"Rongbin Li, Weichu Sun, Saiya Li, Zhijun Cheng","doi":"10.3390/ma17235938","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235938","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the performance of AlCoCrFeNi2.1 eutectic high-entropy alloys (EHEA) to meet industrial application requirements, ZrxAlCoCrFeNi2.1 high-entropy alloys (x = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1) were synthesized through vacuum induction melting. Their microstructures were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Additionally, the hardness, low-temperature compressive properties, nanoindentation creep behavior, and corrosion resistance of these alloys were evaluated. The results showed that AlCoCrFeNi2.1 is a eutectic high-entropy alloy composed of FCC and B2 phases, with the FCC phase being the primary phase. The addition of Zr significantly affected the phase stability, promoting the formation of intermetallic compounds such as Ni7Zr2, which acted as a bridge between the FCC and B2 phases. Zr addition enhanced the performance of the alloy through solid-solution and dispersion strengthening. However, as the Zr content increased, Ni gradually precipitated from the B2 phase, leading to a reduction in the fraction of the B2 phase. Consequently, at x = 0.1, the microhardness and compressive strength decreased at room temperature. Furthermore, a higher Zr content reduced the sensitivity of the alloy to loading rate changes during creep. At x = 0.05, the creep exponent exceeded 3, indicating that dislocation creep mechanisms dominated. In the ZrxAlCoCrFeNi2.1 (where x = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1) alloys, when the Zr content is 0.1, the alloy exhibits the lowest self-corrosion current density of 0.034197 μA/cm2 and the highest pitting potential of 323.06 mV, indicating that the alloy has the best corrosion resistance.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coatings Based on Refractory Materials for Corrosion and Wear Applications.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235936

Natalia A Shapagina, Vladimir V Dushik

{"title":"Coatings Based on Refractory Materials for Corrosion and Wear Applications.","authors":"Natalia A Shapagina, Vladimir V Dushik","doi":"10.3390/ma17235936","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235936","url":null,"abstract":"Coatings based on refractory metals and compounds have been used in various industries since the last century due to their high thermal and heat resistance, as well as their excellent mechanical and tribological properties. Advances have made it possible to apply high-tech methods for their production, which has improved their availability and expanded their range of applications. A promising area of use of coatings based on refractory systems is the anticorrosion protection of structural materials. The high wear resistance and anticorrosion ability of these materials will allow for the protection of critical units of equipment of various industries from the complex destructive effects of factors of chemical and mechanical nature. For the effective choice of coating composition, it is necessary to know the basic characteristics of refractory material layers and the method of their production. The purpose of this article is to summarize modern scientific data on methods of obtaining refractory coatings, as well as on their composition, structure, and protective properties. The information presented in this review will bridge the gap between research and industrial development and expand the niche area of utilization.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three-Dimensional Non-Homogeneous Microstructure Representation Using 2D Electron Backscatter Diffraction Data for Additive-Manufactured Hastelloy X. 使用二维电子反向散射衍射数据对添加剂制造的哈氏合金 X 进行三维非均质微观结构表征

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235937

Liene Zaikovska, Magnus Ekh, Mohit Gupta, Johan Moverare

{"title":"Three-Dimensional Non-Homogeneous Microstructure Representation Using 2D Electron Backscatter Diffraction Data for Additive-Manufactured Hastelloy X.","authors":"Liene Zaikovska, Magnus Ekh, Mohit Gupta, Johan Moverare","doi":"10.3390/ma17235937","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235937","url":null,"abstract":"Additive manufacturing (AM) methods like powder bed fusion-laser beam (PBF-LB) enable complex geometry production. However, understanding and predicting the microstructural properties of AM parts remain challenging due to the inherent non-homogeneity introduced during the manufacturing process. This study demonstrates a novel approach for 3D microstructure representation and virtual testing of non-homogeneous AM materials using 2d electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) data. By employing the representative volume element (RVE) method, we reconstruct the 3D microstructure from 2D EBSD datasets, effectively capturing the grain morphological characteristics of PBF-LB-produced Hastelloy X. Using validated RVE data, we artificially generate combinations of two grain textures to gain deeper insight into locally affected areas, particularly the stress distribution within the interfaces, as well as global material behavior, exploring non-homogeneity. Computational homogenization (CH) utilizing a crystal elasticity finite element (CEFE) method is used to virtually test and predict directional elastic properties, offering insights into relationships between microstructure evolution and property correlation. The experimentally validated results show a strong correlation, with only 0.5-3.5% correlation error for the selected grain tessellation method. This consistency and reliability of the methodology provide high confidence for additional virtual tests predicting the properties of non-homogeneous, artificially generated combined-grain structures.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0