Materials最新文献_第8页

A Container for Storing and Transporting Bulk Material Samples.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235965

Zbigniew Suchorab, Dagmara Olszewska-Pastuszak, Krzysztof Tabiś, Kamil Pluta

{"title":"A Container for Storing and Transporting Bulk Material Samples.","authors":"Zbigniew Suchorab, Dagmara Olszewska-Pastuszak, Krzysztof Tabiś, Kamil Pluta","doi":"10.3390/ma17235965","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235965","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents problems related to the storage of building material samples and discusses the related requirements and standards. Solutions for containers to store material samples were proposed and tests were performed in accordance with the EN ISO 12570 standard to demonstrate that all the water that may have condensed during the samples' transport in the self-designed, closed container evaporates from the lid when unscrewed and placed under the container during the drying process. The aim of this study was to test the tightness of self-designed containers for transporting bulk samples. The drying efficiency at elevated temperatures in moisture tests for bulk material containers was determined and, finally, the influence of ambient conditions on a sample placed in a container for bulk material transport was estimated. The results confirmed that the designed container is vapour-tight and allows the collected material to be protected against evaporation during transport from the sampling site to the laboratory. Under extreme transport conditions, the water contained in the sample in a closed container partially evaporates from the material and condenses on the lid but this is taken into account when balancing the moisture of samples in the laboratory and does not falsify the readouts.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Ball Burnishing on Fretting at Elevated Temperatures. 滚珠烧钝对高温下摩擦磨损的影响

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235960

Slawomir Swirad, Pawel Pawlus

{"title":"Effect of Ball Burnishing on Fretting at Elevated Temperatures.","authors":"Slawomir Swirad, Pawel Pawlus","doi":"10.3390/ma17235960","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235960","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of ball burnishing on friction and wear at elevated temperatures under fretting conditions has not yet been reported. Fretting experiments were conducted using the Optimol SRV5 tester (Optimol Instruments, Munich, Germany) under dry gross fretting conditions. A ball of WC ceramic was pressed against a disc from the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V. Experiments were carried out at elevated temperatures of 100, 200, and 300 °C. The displacement frequency was 50 Hz, the stroke was 0.1 mm, and the test duration was 15 min. The normal loads used were 40, 60, and 80 N. Ball burnishing led to a substantial reduction in the roughness height and an increase in the microhardness of samples from the titanium alloy. Burnishing, in most cases, caused an improvement in the friction resistance of sliding assemblies. Ball burnishing also led to wear reduction compared to the turned disc sample. The best tribological performance of the sliding pair was achieved for the disc sample burnished with the highest pressure of 40 MPa. An increase in temperature from 100 to 200 °C caused small changes in disc wear volumes and coefficients of friction. A further increase in temperature to 300 °C led to an increase in disc wear rates and friction coefficients.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142836991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of SiO₂ and TiO₂ Nanoparticles on the Elasticity and Aging Resistance of Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) Adhesive.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235957

Gorana Petković, Suzana Pasanec Preprotić, Marina Vukoje, Ivana Bolanča Mirković

{"title":"Impact of SiO2 and TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Elasticity and Aging Resistance of Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) Adhesive.","authors":"Gorana Petković, Suzana Pasanec Preprotić, Marina Vukoje, Ivana Bolanča Mirković","doi":"10.3390/ma17235957","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235957","url":null,"abstract":"Adhesive modification with nanoparticles affects multiple adhesives properties, making it essential to evaluate and compare changes across all key characteristics-existing positive and limiting properties. This study investigates the impact of silica (SiO2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on the elasticity and aging resistance of PVAc adhesive. Tensile properties were determined according to ISO 527-3:2018, with Young's moduli of elasticity Ε, and stress-strain curves for neat PVAc, nano-SiO2 PVAc, and nano-TiO2 PVAc adhesive. Material toughness (UT), failure stresses σf, and failure strains εf were also calculated. After UV exposure (0, 48, and 96 h), according to ISO 9142:2003, samples were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine if there is a statistically significant difference in material toughness between neat PVAc and nano-modified PVAc adhesives, as well as changes in FTIR spectra of paper-adhesive samples before and after UV exposure. The Bonferroni post hoc test was used to identify specific group differences. The results showed that SiO2 nanoparticles improved PVAc elasticity by 9.15%, while TiO2 nanoparticles reduced elasticity by 44.47%. FTIR analysis revealed similar behavior in both nano-modified and neat PVAc adhesives after UV exposure, indicating that aging resistance was preserved with the addition of SiO2 or TiO2.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Welded Joints Formed Using Laser Welding.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235968

Suojun Zhang, Xiaozhen Liu, Shuwan Cui, Hongchen Li, Ganli Mo, Hao Li, Hongfeng Cai

{"title":"Study on the Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Welded Joints Formed Using Laser Welding.","authors":"Suojun Zhang, Xiaozhen Liu, Shuwan Cui, Hongchen Li, Ganli Mo, Hao Li, Hongfeng Cai","doi":"10.3390/ma17235968","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235968","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the evolution mechanisms and electrochemical corrosion behavior of laser-welded joints (WJs) between 6063 and 6082 dissimilar aluminum alloys under varying welding powers. The analysis focused on the microstructure of the weld metal zone (WMZ), its grain boundary (GB) features, and its electrochemical corrosion properties. Data from the experiments indicate that a higher laser power (LP) leads to an increase in grain size within the WMZ. At an LP of 1750 W, the weld surface exhibits the poorest corrosion resistance, while other parameters show a relatively better resistance. Additionally, electron backscatter diffraction tests indicate that the high-angle GB fraction on the 6063-T6 side of the heat-affected zone exhibits a substantially reduced measurement compared to the 6082-T6 side. The corrosion form in the WMZ is intergranular, with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) scans revealing that the poor corrosion resistance is primarily due to the presence of a large amount of Mg2Si phase.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rectangular Improvement Method for Plan View Pattern of Plates During the Angular Rolling Process.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235964

Chunyu He, Junyi Luo, Zhipeng Xu, Zhiqiang Wang, Zhong Zhao, Zhiqiang Wu, Zhijie Jiao

{"title":"Rectangular Improvement Method for Plan View Pattern of Plates During the Angular Rolling Process.","authors":"Chunyu He, Junyi Luo, Zhipeng Xu, Zhiqiang Wang, Zhong Zhao, Zhiqiang Wu, Zhijie Jiao","doi":"10.3390/ma17235964","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235964","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of the angular rolling process on the plan view pattern of a plate was studied, and the rectangular influencing factors and improvement methods for this process were proposed in this paper. DEFORM (v11.0) finite element software was used to simulate the processes of conventional rolling and angular rolling, and the degree of rectangularity of plates under different rolling process conditions was compared. A formula to characterize the degree of rectangularity of plates was established; the closer this value is to one, the better the degree of rectangularity. Considering the actual rolling process conditions, the range of theoretically calculated rectangular rotation angles was extended to obtain the optimum rectangular rotation angle using the finite element simulation method. In the two-pass angular rolling process, the optimal rectangular angle of the second pass was 14.275° when the first pass was 15°. The optimal rectangular angle of the plate was 19.008° when the first pass' angle was 20°. Two-pass angular rolling is different to four-pass rolling, and the simulation results showed that J 15° 4 (1.0012) was less than J 15° 2 (1.0015) and J 20° 4 (1.0034) was less than J 20° 2 (1.0055). The rectangularity degree of the four-pass process was better than the two-pass process. Angular rolling experiments were carried out, and the actual data show that the characteristic rectangular value of the rolled piece was 1.003 during the four-pass process and 1.014 during the two-pass process. This verified that separating the one-group two-pass angular rolling process from the one-group four-pass angular rolling process can improve the rectangular degree of the rolled plate, thereby increasing the yield rate. This provides a theoretical basis for industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Protic Ionic Liquid Promoted Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Solid-State Electrochemical Energy Storage.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235948

Jiaxing Liu, Zan Wang, Zhihao Yang, Meiling Liu, Hongtao Liu

引用次数: 0

Water Absorption of Underwater Products by Additive Manufacturing.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235953

Andrea Pino, Iván Ibáñez-Felip, Rosario Vidal

{"title":"Water Absorption of Underwater Products by Additive Manufacturing.","authors":"Andrea Pino, Iván Ibáñez-Felip, Rosario Vidal","doi":"10.3390/ma17235953","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235953","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid prototyping techniques offer significant advantages in terms of fabrication speed, accessibility, and low cost. This study explores the use of low-cost stereolithographic resins to produce prototypes intended for underwater conditions. The objective is to evaluate the feasibility of different low-cost resin brands by identifying their water absorption percentage and their response in terms of appearance and deformation after prolonged exposure to an underwater environment. Through three different tests, the suitability of the resins and possible coatings is evaluated, allowing for obtaining data not disclosed by commercial manufacturers and indicating that there are low-cost brands that offer water absorption levels suitable for underwater use. The coefficients for water absorption at saturation begin at 3.3% in saltwater and increase for chlorinated water. Additionally, significant insights are gained regarding the use of coatings. It is found that coatings commonly applied to filament-printed prototypes are generally less suitable for parts produced through stereolithography intended for underwater applications. The most effective strategy is to avoid using coatings altogether.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Finite Element and Theoretical Analysis of High-Strength Steel-Strand Mesh Reinforced ECCs Under Flexural Load.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235943

Lei Cao, Ziyuan Li, Yuxuan Li, Ke Li, Denghu Jing, Ya Qi, Yaohui Geng

{"title":"Finite Element and Theoretical Analysis of High-Strength Steel-Strand Mesh Reinforced ECCs Under Flexural Load.","authors":"Lei Cao, Ziyuan Li, Yuxuan Li, Ke Li, Denghu Jing, Ya Qi, Yaohui Geng","doi":"10.3390/ma17235943","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235943","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates the flexural performance of slabs reinforced with high-strength steel-strand mesh (HSSM) and engineered cementitious composites (ECCs). By employing finite element analysis (FEA) and theoretical modeling, this study aims to deepen the understanding of how these materials behave under bending stresses. A finite element model was developed to simulate the nonlinear behavior of ECCs during bending, considering critical elements such as tensile and compressive damage, as well as bond-slip interactions between the steel strands and the ECCs. Furthermore, a theoretical model was created to predict the load-bearing capacity of HSSM-reinforced ECC slabs, incorporating variables like reinforcement ratios, slab dimensions, and material characteristics. The findings reveal that increasing the reinforcement ratio substantially enhances both flexural stiffness and load-bearing capacity while reducing deflection. Comparisons between the FEA results, the theoretical forecasts, and the experimental observations show close alignment, validating the proposed models. This work provides important insights for optimizing the design of HSSM-reinforced ECC slabs, highlighting their potential improvements in structural systems that demand high flexural performance.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of μ-Limestone Additions on the Mechano-Chemical and Microstructural Properties of Slag and Binary Slag/Ground Fly Ash Alkaline-Activated Binders.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235940

Francisco Javier Vázquez-Rodríguez, Lucio Guillermo López-Yépez, Nora Elizondo-Villarreal, Ana María Guzmán-Hernández, Lauren Yolanda Gómez-Zamorano, Edén Amaral Rodríguez-Castellanos

{"title":"The Effect of μ-Limestone Additions on the Mechano-Chemical and Microstructural Properties of Slag and Binary Slag/Ground Fly Ash Alkaline-Activated Binders.","authors":"Francisco Javier Vázquez-Rodríguez, Lucio Guillermo López-Yépez, Nora Elizondo-Villarreal, Ana María Guzmán-Hernández, Lauren Yolanda Gómez-Zamorano, Edén Amaral Rodríguez-Castellanos","doi":"10.3390/ma17235940","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235940","url":null,"abstract":"An alternative approach to reducing the clinker factor, i.e., worldwide CO2 emissions resulting from the production of composite cement, is to replace these materials with supplementary aluminosilicate-based materials that promote the formation of alkali-activated cements, whose elevated temperature resistance, limited permeability, strong binding properties, excellent durability, high chemical corrosion resistance, confinement of toxic waste, and environmentally low impact have attracted a lot of attention in the cement industry. The principal aluminosilicate-based supplementary materials (SCMs) used in the cement industry are fly ash and blast-furnace slag. Recently, limestone has been proposed for use in alkali-activated cement to improve mechanical resistance and promote nucleation sources for the hydration of hybrid gels. In the current research work, the effect of 5 and 10 wt% limestone additions to slag and fly ash/slag alkali-activated cements with NaOH-4M was studied to evaluate the mechano-chemical and microstructural properties of alkali-activated cement. The effect of limestone was studied using mechanical resistance, XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS, and calorimetry methods. The XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDS results demonstrated the formation of portlandite Ca(OH)2 after the activator solution's reaction with limestone. The limestone's dissolution in Ca2+ contributes to hybrid gel formation ((N, C)-A-S-H, N-A-S-H, and C-A-S-H), resulting in compressive strength higher than 20 MPa, the recommended resistance for commercial cement.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic Response Mechanism of Bedding Slopes with Alternatively Distributed Soft and Hard Rock Layers Under Different Seismic Excitation Directions: Insights from Numerical Simulations.

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/ma17235939

Yuanyuan Zhou, Fei Zhao, Zhenming Shi

{"title":"Dynamic Response Mechanism of Bedding Slopes with Alternatively Distributed Soft and Hard Rock Layers Under Different Seismic Excitation Directions: Insights from Numerical Simulations.","authors":"Yuanyuan Zhou, Fei Zhao, Zhenming Shi","doi":"10.3390/ma17235939","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma17235939","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of slope stability in earthquakes has become increasingly prominent with the construction of many infrastructure projects such as highways, bridges, and tunnels. To explore the dynamic response characteristics of bedding rock slopes in an earthquake, the three-dimensional dynamic finite-difference method (TDD-FDM) in this study is used to establish simplified rock slope models, taking a bedding rock slope with alternatively distributed soft and hard rock layers in Yunnan, China as a prototype. The dynamic response mechanism of layered rock slopes containing different thicknesses, locations, and quantities of soft rock layers was studied under different excitation directions of seismic waves. The main findings are that the propagation of seismic waves at different rock layer structures has directionality, which causes the strongest seismic response to be all located in the upper or middle parts of the slope; the influence of rock structures on seismic response in layered rock slopes is in the order of thickness > quantity > location; the acceleration amplification effect of a slope under multi-directional seismic wave excitation exhibits the phenomena of differential amplification and coupling amplification; and the acceleration amplification factors of a slope with increasing peak ground acceleration from 0.05 g to 0.20 g show two trends: increasing-decreasing and continuous increasing. The findings of this study can be a reference for studying the dynamic response of rock slopes in strong earthquakes.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"17 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11643936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0