Materials最新文献_第10页

Optimal D-Shaped Toolpath Design for Minimizing X-Axis Servo Following Error in Turning the Off-Axis Optical Surfaces. 使离轴光学曲面旋转中x轴伺服跟随误差最小的d形刀具路径优化设计。

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.3390/ma18184343

Baohua Chen, Quanying Wu, Yunhai Tang, Fei Wang, Junliu Fan, Xiaoyi Chen, Haomo Yu, Yi Sun

{"title":"Optimal D-Shaped Toolpath Design for Minimizing X-Axis Servo Following Error in Turning the Off-Axis Optical Surfaces.","authors":"Baohua Chen, Quanying Wu, Yunhai Tang, Fei Wang, Junliu Fan, Xiaoyi Chen, Haomo Yu, Yi Sun","doi":"10.3390/ma18184343","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18184343","url":null,"abstract":"In the slow tool servo (STS) turning technology for optical lenses, the D-shaped toolpath can improve the quality of the optical surfaces of off-axis aspheric and cylindrical microlens arrays. However, the traditional D-shaped toolpath has the problem of excessive servo following error in the X-axis. To address this issue, the projection of the D-shaped toolpath in the XZ plane is divided into a cutting zone and a transition zone. In the transition zone, an equation system based on continuity constraints (surface height, feed-rate, acceleration) is established. By solving this system of equations, a toolpath can be obtained along which the feed-rate of the X-axis varies smoothly. An example shows that the acceleration of the X-axis of the lathe is reduced by 84% compared to the traditional D-shaped toolpath. In the XZC interpolation mode, the spindle velocity of the C-axis changes smoothly. An off-axis spherical surface and an integral mirror have been machined using the optimized D-shaped toolpath. The X-axis servo following error of the lathe during processing is within 7 nm, and the surface shape accuracy reaches 0.361λ at 632.8 nm. This method enables high-precision processing of off-axis curved surfaces and cylindrical arrays.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Controlling the Digital to Analog and Multilevel Switching in Memristors Based on Zr-Doped HfO₂ by Interface Engineering. 界面工程控制zr掺杂HfO2忆阻器数模和多电平开关。

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.3390/ma18184352

Cong Han, Haiming Qin, Weijing Shao, Hanbing Fang, Hao Zhang, Xinpeng Wang, Yu Wang, Yi Liu, Yi Tong

引用次数: 0

Stress-Strain Hysteresis Loop-Based Machine Learning Models for Predicting Metal Fatigue Life Under Uncertainty. 基于应力-应变迟滞环的不确定金属疲劳寿命预测机器学习模型。

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18184336

Xian-Ci Zhong, Zhi-Yong Luo, Ke-Shi Zhang

{"title":"Stress-Strain Hysteresis Loop-Based Machine Learning Models for Predicting Metal Fatigue Life Under Uncertainty.","authors":"Xian-Ci Zhong, Zhi-Yong Luo, Ke-Shi Zhang","doi":"10.3390/ma18184336","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18184336","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports machine learning models for predicting metal fatigue life under uncertainty by extracting stress-strain data from hysteresis loops. First, the hysteresis loops of Q235B under strain-controlled constant amplitude loading are analyzed. The values of stress and strain in six key points are extracted from each hysteresis loop at the earliest stages of the fatigue process, and transformed into polar coordinates. Second, the uncertainty is quantified by extending the applied strain amplitude and the selected stress-strain values to intervals. A great deal of data are generated randomly in each interval for coping with the challenge of a small fatigue test dataset. Third, three machine learning models are constructed, where the parameters of the back-propagation neural network model are optimized by using the leave-one-out cross-validation technique, and the models of support vector regression and random forest are selected carefully. The point and interval predictions of the low-cycle-fatigue life of Q235B are reported to reveal the feasibility and advantage of the proposed models. The results help to identify how to understand the fatigue behavior of materials by combining machine learning models and stress-strain hysteresis loops.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improvement of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SiC-VC System Obtained by Electroconsolidation. 电固结法改善SiC-VC体系的微观结构和力学性能。

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18184331

Vyacheslav Ivzhenko, Edvin Hevorkian, Miroslaw Rucki, Volodymyr Nerubatskyi, Zbigniew Krzysiak, Volodymyr Chyshkala, Jolanta Natalia Latosińska, Waldemar Samociuk, Tadeusz Szumiata, Tamara Kosenchuk, Jacek Caban

{"title":"Improvement of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SiC-VC System Obtained by Electroconsolidation.","authors":"Vyacheslav Ivzhenko, Edvin Hevorkian, Miroslaw Rucki, Volodymyr Nerubatskyi, Zbigniew Krzysiak, Volodymyr Chyshkala, Jolanta Natalia Latosińska, Waldemar Samociuk, Tadeusz Szumiata, Tamara Kosenchuk, Jacek Caban","doi":"10.3390/ma18184331","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18184331","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the influence of vanadium carbide (VC) on the physical and mechanical properties of SiC-VC composites fabricated by a modified spark plasma sintering (SPS) method at a uniaxial pressure of 45 MPa. It was found that the addition of 40 wt.% VC into the SiC matrix led to a substantial reduction in porosity from ca. 30% to less than 8.2% and caused enhancement of the properties. Fracture toughness increased from 2.9 to 7.0 MPa·m1/2, and hardness rose from 2.9 to 22.6 GPa. In the SiC-VC system, vanadium carbide acted as a grain growth inhibitor and particulate reinforcement. A sintering temperature increase from 1900 °C to 2000 °C resulted in a ~70% improvement in hardness and a ~50% gain in fracture toughness. The results highlighted the critical balance between densification parameters and microstructural stability. Utilization of n-dimensional vector space of material features, Mahalanobis distance, and Pareto trade-off optimization helped to describe the features of the newly obtained composites and to optimize the manufacturing process.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Experimental Investigation of Twelve Concrete Beams Post-Tensioned with Unbonded Tendons Under Center-Point and Third-Point Loading. 12根无粘结筋后张混凝土梁在中心点和第三点荷载作用下的试验研究。

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18184333

Wojciech Politalski, Andrzej Seruga

{"title":"An Experimental Investigation of Twelve Concrete Beams Post-Tensioned with Unbonded Tendons Under Center-Point and Third-Point Loading.","authors":"Wojciech Politalski, Andrzej Seruga","doi":"10.3390/ma18184333","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18184333","url":null,"abstract":"The first concrete structures post-tensioned with unbonded tendons were constructed in the 1950s. Despite the popularity of such a type of construction solution, the theory describing the behavior of members with unbonded prestress remains relatively unknown. Different standards, provisions, and theories described by scientists can be found in the literature. The main problem is related to determining the value of the prestressing force and its increments because it is dependent upon the member rather than the section due to a lack of bond between the concrete and the tendons. Both theoretical and experimental studies enable the definition of parameters that have an influence on stress increase. Three of the most important of these parameters were investigated in tests conducted by the authors. This paper presents the findings of an experimental study conducted on twelve simply supported RC beams that were prestressed with unbonded tendons. A total of twelve elements were grouped according to various criteria, including their span-to-depth ratio, prestressed reinforcement ratio, and type of loading. All beams had a low reinforcing bars index, which met the Eurocode 2 requirements. The aim of this research was to check if such a level of ordinary reinforcement ratio will enable the achievement of a satisfactory crack pattern and also a high stress increase in unbonded tendons. The members were tested to investigate their behavior and the stress increment in tendons in terms of their load-carrying capacity.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Method of Material Selection Considering Quality, Environmental, and Cost Aspects. 考虑质量、环境和成本因素的材料选择方法。

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18184324

Andrzej Pacana, Dominika Siwiec

{"title":"Method of Material Selection Considering Quality, Environmental, and Cost Aspects.","authors":"Andrzej Pacana, Dominika Siwiec","doi":"10.3390/ma18184324","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18184324","url":null,"abstract":"Product innovations often involve changes to materials. Various material alternatives are typically sought to improve product quality. Currently, following the current trend of sustainable product development, it is necessary to consider environmental impact. This also applies to materials, particularly their acquisition method. At the same time, modern products should be characterized by low production costs. Despite this, there is a lack of a coherent, standardized method to support decisions about material selection by considering all these aspects during the design or product improvement phase. Therefore, the aim of this research is to develop a method for selecting materials during final product improvement, taking into account quality, environmental impact in the life cycle context, and manufacturing costs. The method is implemented in eight stages and involves calculating the following indicators: (i) quality (satisfaction with use), (ii) environmental impact (for material extraction and acquisition), and (iii) decision-making based on manufacturing costs. Calculations to obtain these indicators were performed using OpenLCA 2.0.0 with the Ecoinvent database, formalized scoring (PS), cost analysis, and morphological analysis. The results of the method lead to the selection of favorable hypothetical prototypes resulting from the proposed material changes. The method was tested using a six-speed manual transmission from a light vehicle. The results showed that the decision-making process for selecting a prototype from among possible material modifications varies. The proposed method can be used for any newly created or modified product at the material selection stage.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of the Addition of Zeolites on the Resistance to Permanent Deformations of Mastic Asphalt Bridge Pavement. 掺入沸石对沥青路面抗永久变形性能的影响。

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18184325

Lesław Bichajło, Władysław Gardziejczyk, Paweł Gierasimiuk, Krzysztof Kołodziej, Kamil Kowalski, Szymon Malinowski, Tomasz Siwowski, Marta Wasilewska

{"title":"Effect of the Addition of Zeolites on the Resistance to Permanent Deformations of Mastic Asphalt Bridge Pavement.","authors":"Lesław Bichajło, Władysław Gardziejczyk, Paweł Gierasimiuk, Krzysztof Kołodziej, Kamil Kowalski, Szymon Malinowski, Tomasz Siwowski, Marta Wasilewska","doi":"10.3390/ma18184325","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18184325","url":null,"abstract":"The mastic asphalt mixture (MA) is one of the first mineral and asphalt mixtures used in history. Its composition and structure allow it (the mixture) to be produced both in industrial conditions (in mineral and asphalt mixing plants) and in field conditions-in mobile boilers (especially when the produced mixture is used to repair damaged surface). The high proportion of the sand fraction makes the mixture highly workable, allowing it to be laid/incorporated without special equipment. MA, however, also has some drawbacks. The asphalt content is higher than in other mixtures, which can make it prone to plastic deformation. Mastic asphalt requires higher processing temperatures than other \"hot\" mixtures. Mastic asphalt mixtures are installed as road pavement layers and, because of their high density, as the protective layer on roof felt isolation on bridge decks. The high temperature of embedding creates a risk of damaging the roof felt, as its typical temperature resistance is lower than 180 °C, whereas the temperature of the mastic asphalt mixture is higher. The use of zeolites can enable reconciliation of technological requirements of mastic asphalt and asphalt roof isolation. The mixes MA 8 and MA 11 containing 0 and 5% of two types of zeolites and asphalt binders 35/50 or elastomer-SBS-modified asphalt binder PMB 25/55-60 were used in the research. Laboratory tests revealed that the addition of a 5% amount of zeolite by asphalt mass makes it possible to reduce the mastic asphalt laying temperature by up to 30 °C, which seems to be very important from ecological, economical, and pavement durability points of view.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12471901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Material Solutions for Internal Insulation of Masonry Walls-A Case Study. 砌体墙体内保温材料解决方案分析——以实例为例。

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18184330

Marta Pomada, Janina Adamus

引用次数: 0

Fracture Toughness, Work of Fracture and Hardness of 3D-Printed Denture Base Resins. 3d打印义齿基托树脂的断裂韧性、断裂功和硬度。

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18184338

Sebastian Hetzler, Sebastian Rehm, Sven Räther, Stefan Rues, Andreas Zenthöfer, Peter Rammelsberg, Franz Sebastian Schwindling

{"title":"Fracture Toughness, Work of Fracture and Hardness of 3D-Printed Denture Base Resins.","authors":"Sebastian Hetzler, Sebastian Rehm, Sven Räther, Stefan Rues, Andreas Zenthöfer, Peter Rammelsberg, Franz Sebastian Schwindling","doi":"10.3390/ma18184338","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ma18184338","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To compare fracture toughness (FT), work of fracture (WOF) and Vickers hardness (HV) of four 3D-printed denture base resins-including two novel formulations-and one conventional cold-cured polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin. Methods: 3D-printed specimens (Freeprint denture (FD)/denture impact (FDI), DETAX GmbH and V-Print dentbase/dentbase 2.0, VOCO GmbH) were fabricated at 90° layer orientation (n = 40/group) and notched according to ISO 20795-1. FT and WOF were measured via single-edge notched bend testing after seven-day water storage at 37 °C. HV was determined on fractured shards using 3 N load. Data were analyzed with Welch-ANOVA/Dunnett-T3 or ANOVA/Tukey (α = 0.05). Results: The conventional PMMA showed the highest FT and WOF, followed by the novel formulations of the 3D-printed groups VD2 and FDI. Lowest FT and WOF values were measured for VD and FD. HV was highest for the conventional PMMA, followed by the primary formulations FD and VD. Lowest hardness was measured for the novel formulations FDI and VD2. Conclusions: The formulations of the novel 3D-printed materials (FDI and VD2) exhibited markedly greater FT and WOF than their respective predecessors, although this improvement was accompanied by a decrease in hardness. Nevertheless, none of the 3D-printed materials fulfilled the ISO standard criteria for enhanced FT.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biocompatibility of CAD/CAM Milled Dental Restorative Materials: A Systematic Review from In Vitro Studies. CAD/CAM磨牙修复材料的生物相容性：体外研究的系统综述。

IF 3.2 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18184323

Andrzej Małysa, Janka Jenčová, Joanna Weżgowiec

引用次数: 0