Materials最新文献_第10页

Optimizing the Manufacturing Process Control of Si-Based Soft Magnetic Composites. 硅基软磁复合材料制造工艺控制优化。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18102321

Seongsu Kang, Seonbong Lee

{"title":"Optimizing the Manufacturing Process Control of Si-Based Soft Magnetic Composites.","authors":"Seongsu Kang, Seonbong Lee","doi":"10.3390/ma18102321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102321","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to enhance the formability and electromagnetic properties of Fe-Si-based soft magnetic composites via process parameter optimization. Two silicon compositions (5.0 and 6.5 wt.%) were examined to determine their influence on density, internal stress, microstructure stability, and magnetic properties using a factorial design comprising 96 different condition combinations. A Pearson correlation analysis revealed a negative relationship between Si content and formability, while magnetic permeability increased with higher Si content. The 5.0 wt.% Si samples exhibited superior density (7.42 g/cm3 vs. 7.28 g/cm3), uniform microstructure, and coating stability. Conversely, the 6.5 wt.% Si samples achieved better permeability (126 at 10 kHz) than 5.0 wt.% Si samples but exhibited higher internal stress, uneven compaction, and thicker insulation layers (~400 nm vs. <10 nm). Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses identified necking and damage to the insulation layer. X-ray diffraction verified the stability of the Fe1.6Si0.4 phase after the forming and annealing processes. Secondary molding temperature exhibited the most significant impact on densification, and annealing generally degraded the quality factor (Q-factor). The highest Q-factor value (7.18 at 10 kHz), indicating lower core loss, was observed in the 5.0 wt.% Si samples without annealing.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Catalytic Combustion of Methane over Pd-Modified La-Ce-Zr-Al Catalyst. 钯改性La-Ce-Zr-Al催化剂上甲烷的催化燃烧。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18102319

Katerina Tumbalova, Zlatina Zlatanova, Ralitsa Velinova, Maria Shipochka, Pavel Markov, Daniela Kovacheva, Ivanka Spassova, Silviya Todorova, Georgi Ivanov, Diana Nihtianova, Anton Naydenov

{"title":"Catalytic Combustion of Methane over Pd-Modified La-Ce-Zr-Al Catalyst.","authors":"Katerina Tumbalova, Zlatina Zlatanova, Ralitsa Velinova, Maria Shipochka, Pavel Markov, Daniela Kovacheva, Ivanka Spassova, Silviya Todorova, Georgi Ivanov, Diana Nihtianova, Anton Naydenov","doi":"10.3390/ma18102319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102319","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to investigate a Pd catalyst on a complex multi-oxide medium-entropy support interlayer La2O3-CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 and its possible use as catalysts for methane abatement applications. The low-temperature N2-adsorption, XRD, TEM, XPS, TPD, and TPR techniques were used to characterize the catalyst. The palladium deposition on the supports leads to the formation of PdO. After the catalytic tests, the metal-Pd phase was observed. The complete oxidation of methane on Pd/La-Ce-Zr-Al catalyst takes place at temperatures above 250 °C, and in the presence of water vapor, the reaction temperature increases to about 70 °C. The careful choice of constituent oxides provides a balance between structural stability and flexibility. The alumina and lanthanum oxide ensure the high specific surface area, while the simultaneous presence of zirconia and ceria leads to the formation of a mixed-oxide phase able to interact with palladium ions by incorporating and de-incorporating them at different conditions. The mechanism of Mars-van Kerevelen was considered as the most probable for the reaction of complete methane oxidation. The possibility of the practical application of Pd-modified La-Ce-Zr-Al catalyst is evaluated. The use of a mix of multiple rare and abundant oxides makes the proposed catalyst a cost-effective alternative.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144159739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Damage Quantitative Detection of Curved Composite Laminates Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm. 基于改进粒子群优化算法的弯曲复合材料层合板损伤定量检测。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18102317

Shuxia Tian, Shunqiang Wang, Zhenmao Chen, Ran Hao, Zhihui Qin, Jiangdong Ma, Linfeng Xu

{"title":"Damage Quantitative Detection of Curved Composite Laminates Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm.","authors":"Shuxia Tian, Shunqiang Wang, Zhenmao Chen, Ran Hao, Zhihui Qin, Jiangdong Ma, Linfeng Xu","doi":"10.3390/ma18102317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102317","url":null,"abstract":"In order to solve the problem of damage identification of composite laminates during processing and service, a quantitative damage detection method based on swarm intelligence optimization was proposed for structural damage detection of curved composite laminates. Firstly, the structural damage element was defined by the method of reducing the elastic modulus of the element, and the modal parameters of the numerical model of the laminate under different damage conditions were obtained by analyzing the structural vibration characteristics. Secondly, the objective function was constructed from the vibration data, and the precise location and degree of damage were quantitatively calculated by the swarm intelligence optimization algorithm. In order to prevent the particles from falling into the local optimal, the boundary rebound strategy was used to process the boundary, and the MS operator was introduced to greatly accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm. The numerical results indicate that without the influence of noise, the algorithm was not affected by the quantity, location or size of the damage and could effectively detect damage in curved fiber-reinforced composites, with the detection error rates being within 0.5%. After adding 1% and 5% noise to the frequency and vibration mode, respectively, the convergence speed of the algorithm slowed down, and the convergence times obviously increased. However, it could still accurately locate the damage, and the calculation error of the damage degree was less than 6%. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was verified through experimental tests.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144159874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation into Time-Dependent Deformation and Recovery Rates in Non-Irradiated and Irradiated Polymers. 未辐照和辐照聚合物随时间变形和恢复速率的研究。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18102316

Anatoliy I Kupchishin, Marat N Niyazov, Sergey A Ghyngazov

引用次数: 0

Simulation of the Thermodynamic Properties and Hydrophobicity of Polydimethylsiloxane Modified by Grafting Nano-SiO₂ with Different Silane Coupling Agents. 不同硅烷偶联剂接枝纳米sio2改性聚二甲基硅氧烷的热力学性质及疏水性模拟

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18102323

Yuzhang Xie, Weiju Dai, Jingyi Yan, Zuhao Wang, Chao Tang

{"title":"Simulation of the Thermodynamic Properties and Hydrophobicity of Polydimethylsiloxane Modified by Grafting Nano-SiO2 with Different Silane Coupling Agents.","authors":"Yuzhang Xie, Weiju Dai, Jingyi Yan, Zuhao Wang, Chao Tang","doi":"10.3390/ma18102323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102323","url":null,"abstract":"Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with good hydrophobicity and nano-SiO2 with excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties are used as a composite coating for cellulose insulating paper in oil-immersed transformers, which effectively reduces the moisture generated by the thermal aging process, thus prolonging each transformer's service life. This study employed molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the effects of surface-modified nano-SiO2 with different silane coupling agents (KH570 and KH151) on the thermodynamic properties and hydrophobicity of PDMS. Four groups of anhydrous models were constructed, namely, PDMS, P-SiO2, P-570, and P-151, as well as four corresponding groups of water-containing models: PDMS/H2O, P-SiO2/H2O, P-570/H2O, and P-151/H2O. The results demonstrate that incorporating silane-coupled nano-SiO2 into PDMS enhances mechanical properties, FFV, CED, MSD, diffusion coefficient, interaction energy, and hydrogen bond count, with KH570-grafted composites exhibiting optimal thermomechanical performance and hydrophobicity. At a temperature of 343 K, KH570 modification increased the bulk modulus and CED by 26.5% and 31.0%, respectively, while reducing the water molecular diffusion coefficient by 24.7% compared to that of unmodified PDMS/SiO2 composites. The extended KH570 chains occupy additional free volume, forming a larger steric hindrance layer, restricting molecular chain mobility, suppressing hydrogen bond formation, and establishing a low energy surface.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144159954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of the AlCoCrFeNi_2.1 EHEA Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing Assisted by Heat Treatment. 热处理辅助增材制造AlCoCrFeNi2.1 EHEA的组织演变及力学性能研究

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18102330

Xin Zhang, Wenxin Feng, Fanghui Jia, Wanhui Liu, Jian Wang, Lisong Zhu, Yangchuan Cai

{"title":"Investigation of the Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of the AlCoCrFeNi2.1 EHEA Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing Assisted by Heat Treatment.","authors":"Xin Zhang, Wenxin Feng, Fanghui Jia, Wanhui Liu, Jian Wang, Lisong Zhu, Yangchuan Cai","doi":"10.3390/ma18102330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102330","url":null,"abstract":"Eutectic high-entropy alloys (EHEAs) exhibit excellent casting properties and comprehensive mechanical performance, making them suitable for fabricating spatial engineering components using additive manufacturing techniques. However, the rapid solidification process also leads to increased internal stress and reduced structural stability in the components. Therefore, this study focuses on the AlFeCoCrNi2.1 EHEA as the research subject, utilizing laser additive manufacturing to fabricate components and systematically investigating the influence of heat treatment processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the components. The research demonstrates that low-temperature heat treatment (700 °C and below) acts as a stress relief-annealing process for the components. The yield strength decreased from 1003.2 MPa to 742.1 MPa. At 900 °C heat treatment, the constraining effect between recrystallized grains and surrounding grains outweighs the dislocation release effect caused by recrystallization, resulting in an increase in dislocation density. The yield strength remained approximately stable at around 730 MPa. High-temperature heat treatment (1100 °C) alters the orientation of phase structures and fragments the two-phase structure through recrystallization, leading to generally stable mechanical properties of the components. The yield strength of the cast components further decreased to 582.6 MPa, while that of the LMD-fabricated parts retained stability at approximately 730 MPa.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144159777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical Study of the Reinforcing Pads Geometry of Pressure Vessels. 压力容器补强垫几何形状的数值研究。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.3390/ma18102318

Grzegorz Świt, Michał Szczecina

{"title":"Numerical Study of the Reinforcing Pads Geometry of Pressure Vessels.","authors":"Grzegorz Świt, Michał Szczecina","doi":"10.3390/ma18102318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102318","url":null,"abstract":"The structural design of pressure vessels is a rather complicated engineering task and demands on using finite element method (FEM) software to recreate many issues accompanying the design process. One of them is a choice of the shape of reinforcing pads, connecting a min shell of a vessel with nozzles. The mentioned issue is very rarely taken up by researchers. Some of them considered different reinforcement pads (circular and elliptical) using the finite element method (FEM), but they presented results of a nozzle-shell connection without describing results for the rest of the vessel. The other authors performed a thorough FEM analysis of a vessel, but they considered only circular reinforcing pads. The authors of this paper analyzed a pressure vessel without and with reinforcing plates with an elliptical shape. They performed FEM calculations of the vessels using a non-linear material model and a coupled thermal-stress analysis in Abaqus software. The use of the elliptic plate resulted in a considerable decrease in the thickness of the shell and turned out to be an interesting alternative to circular pads. In the presented example, the percentage decrease in thickness was equal to 36%, and the total mass savings was 30%.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Material Properties Changes Caused by High Temperature Drying-Corn Cobs Case Study. 高温干燥引起的材料性质变化——玉米棒材案例研究。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.3390/ma18102302

Marek Wróbel, Marcin Jewiarz, Jozef Krilek, Luiza Dmochowska-Kuc

{"title":"Material Properties Changes Caused by High Temperature Drying-Corn Cobs Case Study.","authors":"Marek Wróbel, Marcin Jewiarz, Jozef Krilek, Luiza Dmochowska-Kuc","doi":"10.3390/ma18102302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102302","url":null,"abstract":"Biomass is an energy source with variable physico-chemical properties. Thermal treatments lower moisture and volatile matter contents. They also raise the high heating value (HHV). This is especially desirable for agro-wastes with low-energy potential, like maize cobs. To make pellets from biomass, it is important to keep the lignin intact. It is responsible for particle adhesion. This paper presents a study focused on high-temperature drying of maize cobs. The process temperatures were selected from a range between 60 and 220 °C. The upper temperature limit prevents significant lignin breakdown. We also do not exceed the self-ignition temperature of the raw material. The study analyzed changes in basic technical parameters. These include moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and HHV. We tested the grinding and densification process. We measured the raw material's particle size distribution (PSD), specific density, and the mechanical durability (DU) of the agglomerates. The study showed a positive effect of high-temperature drying on the technical parameters. We found that the drying of corn cobs at a temperature of 180 °C gives the best results. Both PSD and DU values indicate that it is possible to create quality compacted biofuels from this material.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144159960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synaptic Plasticity and Memory Retention in ZnO-CNT Nanocomposite Optoelectronic Synaptic Devices. ZnO-CNT纳米复合光电突触器件的突触可塑性和记忆保持。

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.3390/ma18102293

Seung Hun Lee, Dabin Jeon, Sung-Nam Lee

{"title":"Synaptic Plasticity and Memory Retention in ZnO-CNT Nanocomposite Optoelectronic Synaptic Devices.","authors":"Seung Hun Lee, Dabin Jeon, Sung-Nam Lee","doi":"10.3390/ma18102293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102293","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the fabrication and characterization of ZnO-CNT composite-based optoelectronic synaptic devices via a sol-gel process. By incorporating various concentrations of CNTs (0-2.0 wt%) into ZnO thin films, we investigated their effects on synaptic behaviors under ultraviolet (UV) stimulation. The CNT addition enhanced the electrical and optical performance by forming a p-n heterojunction with ZnO, which promoted charge separation and suppressed recombination. As a result, the 1.5 wt% CNT device exhibited the highest excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC), improved paired-pulse facilitation, and prolonged memory retention. Learning-forgetting cycles revealed that repeated stimulation reduced the number of pulses required for relearning while extending the forgetting time, mimicking biological memory reinforcement. Energy consumption per pulse was estimated at 16.34 nJ, suggesting potential for low-power neuromorphic applications. A 3 × 3 device array was also employed for visual memory simulation, showing spatially controllable and stable memory states depending on CNT content. To support these findings, structural and optical analyses were conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. These findings demonstrate that the synaptic characteristics of ZnO-based devices can be finely tuned through CNT incorporation, providing a promising pathway for the development of energy-efficient and adaptive optoelectronic neuromorphic systems.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Rust Layer on Corrosion-Critical Humidity in Outdoor Environments Based on Corrosion Sensors. 基于腐蚀传感器的室外环境中锈层对腐蚀临界湿度的影响

IF 3.1 3区材料科学

Materials Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.3390/ma18102299

Qing Li, Xinyu Wang, Zibo Pei, Kui Xiao, Xiaojia Yang, Xuequn Cheng

{"title":"Influence of Rust Layer on Corrosion-Critical Humidity in Outdoor Environments Based on Corrosion Sensors.","authors":"Qing Li, Xinyu Wang, Zibo Pei, Kui Xiao, Xiaojia Yang, Xuequn Cheng","doi":"10.3390/ma18102299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18102299","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the Fe/Cu-based two-electrode corrosion monitoring technique was employed to monitor the long-term atmospheric corrosion of carbon steel at five different outdoor sites within the China National Environmental Corrosion Platform. Based on the fitted monitoring data, the variation trend of corrosion-critical humidity as a function of exposure time at different monitoring locations was obtained. The cross-sectional rust layer of corrosion coupons from different experimental periods at each location was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy to identify variations in the thickness and phase composition of the carbon steel rust layer. The influence of rust layer thickness and phase structure on the critical humidity of carbon steel in atmospheric environments was investigated. Finally, the corrosion resistance of weathering steel in Tianjin, China, was validated using corrosion monitoring techniques, and the corrosion mechanism of weathering steel was elucidated by analyzing the influence of the acquired rust layer phase structure on the critical humidity of carbon steel in atmospheric environments.","PeriodicalId":18281,"journal":{"name":"Materials","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144158803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0