Materials Advances最新文献

{"title":"A multifunctional GaMOF–Cu2O-integrated GelMA hydrogel for synergistic antibacterial activity and tissue regeneration","authors":"Hai Zhu, Yue Gao, Yu Sun, Huan Liu, Xiaoming Tang and Feng Ji","doi":"10.1039/D5MA01501D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA01501D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The rising threat of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections and resilient biofilms in bone and soft tissue, exacerbated by antibiotic misuse, demands the development of novel non-antibiotic therapeutics that combine effective bactericidal activity with tissue-regenerative functions. To address this challenge, we developed a multifunctional gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel platform loaded with a gallium-based metal–organic framework and copper(<small>I</small>) oxide nanocomposite (GaMOF–Cu<small>₂</small>O). This system leverages a synergistic antibacterial mechanism: Ga<small>³⁺</small> ions disrupt critical iron metabolism by mimicking Fe<small>³⁺</small>, while Cu<small>⁺</small> ions catalyze the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to inflict oxidative damage. Together, this dual action potently eradicates bacteria and inhibits biofilm formation. Simultaneously, the GelMA hydrogel matrix ensures localized and sustained release of the therapeutic agents and provides a bioactive, three-dimensional scaffold that facilitates cell migration and angiogenesis, thereby supporting tissue repair. Our findings demonstrate that the GaMOF–Cu<small>₂</small>O/GelMA hydrogel is a highly promising and integrative strategy for combating refractory MDR and biofilm-associated infections while promoting tissue regeneration, offering a potent alternative to conventional antibiotic therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 11","pages":" 5833-5844"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ma/d5ma01501d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148196238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clitoria ternatea-mediated ZnO nanoparticles for enzyme-free photoelectrochemical cholesterol detection","authors":"Sushmitha S, Lavanya Rao, Mahesha P. Nayak, Shreeganesh Subraya Hegde and Badekai Ramachandra Bhat","doi":"10.1039/D6MA00056H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6MA00056H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A reliable and enzyme-free investigation of cholesterol is essential for the timely detection and diagnosis of cardiac disorders. Herein, we report the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles <em>via</em> a wet chemical method, incorporating the <em>Clitoria ternatea</em> (CT) flower extract as a sustainable phytochemical-mediated approach, where the CT-ZnO/nickel foam (NF) acts as an active material for a novel photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor. The study highlights the significant improvement in sensitivity for cholesterol sensing in light mode, with a value of 956 µA mM<small>⁻¹</small> cm<small>⁻²</small>, which is twice as high as without light (492.5 µA mM<small>⁻¹</small> cm<small>⁻²</small>). Improvements in the limit of detection (LOD) (35 µM and 28 µM, respectively) and limit of quantification (LOQ) (110 µM and 95 µM, respectively) without and with light were observed in 0.1 M KOH with a response time of 2 s. The above findings reveal a linear detection range of 0 µM–2 mM. The CT-ZnO/NF PEC biosensor demonstrated exceptional cyclic stability, retaining 98.8% of its efficiency for 90 days. In addition, the reliable performance of CT-ZnO/NF demonstrated remarkable sensing abilities of 88–93% when testing on human serum samples. This research illustrates the dual electrochemical and photoelectrochemical properties of novel green-engineered ZnO, providing an effective and sustainable platform for non-enzymatic cholesterol monitoring in healthcare diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 11","pages":" 5768-5780"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ma/d6ma00056h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148196206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave-assisted carboxymethylation of guar gum improves antioxidant and antibacterial activity","authors":"H. Telli, H. Maachou, Y. Zouambia, R. Chebout, H. Derdar, A.-E. Hamitouche, A. Dekir, Y. Larbah, Abdullah A. Ghawanmeh, Elizabeth A. Brett, Aruã C. Da Silva and Sarah Hudson","doi":"10.1039/D5MA01478F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA01478F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Guar gum (GG), a naturally occurring polysaccharide derived from <em>Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</em>, possesses notable physicochemical and biological properties, but its practical applications are limited by poor solubility, instability, and microbial susceptibility. In this study, microwave-assisted carboxymethylation was employed to efficiently modify GG, yielding carboxymethyl guar gum (CMGG) with a high degree of substitution (DS = 0.64) in 15 minutes. Fourier-transform infrared, proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance analyses confirmed functionalization by incorporation of carboxymethyl groups, with a distinct carboxyl peak at 1723 cm<small>⁻¹</small> and a new signal at <em>δ</em> 184.2 ppm corresponding to the carbonyl carbon. Additionally, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis revealed increased crystallinity, morphological alterations including the formation of smaller aggregates and a spongy-like texture, and improved thermal stability. CMGG demonstrated significantly increased antioxidant activity (IC<small>₅₀</small> = 4.78 ± 0.12 mg mL<small>⁻¹</small>) and exhibited pronounced antibacterial effects against <em>Bacillus cereus</em>, <em>Streptococcus thermophilus</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, and <em>Escherichia coli</em>, outperforming native GG. Molecular docking simulations indicated potential inhibitory interactions between CMGG and dihydropteroate synthase, suggesting a possible mechanism for its antimicrobial activity. Overall, CMGG emerges as multifunctional, biocompatible material with promising potential for biomedical, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 12","pages":" 6151-6163"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ma/d5ma01478f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148292195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-demand dopamine receptor activation via photoresponsive nanoparticle-dopamine conjugates in differentiated SH-SY5Y and transfected HEK293 cells","authors":"Hajar Alghamdi, Sunil Rajput, Noah A. Russell, Shailesh N. Mistry, Charles A. Laughton, Giuseppe Mantovani, Pavel Gershkovich, Keith Spriggs and Mischa Zelzer","doi":"10.1039/D6MA00037A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6MA00037A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Parkinson's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disease associated with the reduction of dopamine content in the brain. Dopamine, in the form of the precursor <small>L</small>-DOPA, is used as a replacement therapy, which provides temporary symptomatic relief. Long-term treatment with <small>L</small>-DOPA induces side effects such as involuntary movements (dyskinesia) due to the continuous and non-discriminatory exposure to dopamine. Here, we propose that a reduction in the dose and frequency of administration of <small>L</small>-DOPA might reduce such side effects. We hypothesise that by binding dopamine to a nanoparticle <em>via</em> a photoresponsive moiety, we can not only maintain dopamine's biological activity, but also modulate the availability of dopamine for receptor activation non-invasively through light. To test this hypothesis, we designed a nanoparticle surface functionalised with a photoresponsive spiropyran molecule that is conjugated to dopamine to stimulate activation of the dopamine D<small>₁</small> receptor (D<small>₁</small>R). The activity of the system was assessed using a cAMP assay on a Parkinson's disease modelled SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line and DRD1/CRE transfected HEK293 cells. We found that cAMP concentration was elevated in treated cells, meaning that the biological activity of conjugated dopamine is maintained and that the dopaminergic receptor is activated on-demand by light stimulation in our model system.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 11","pages":" 5821-5832"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ma/d6ma00037a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148196237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZIF-67-based hybrid frameworks as high-performance photocatalysts for simultaneous energy conversion and pollutant degradation","authors":"Monalisa Samal, Dharitri Rath and Binita Nanda","doi":"10.1039/D6MA00281A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6MA00281A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Amid global escalating environmental challenges, including the dependence on fossil fuels and increasing water contamination, the development of innovative and sustainable technologies has become imperative. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), especially ZIF-67 and its derivatives, have emerged as highly versatile materials due to their distinctive structural characteristics, including large surface areas, open crystalline frameworks, and tuneable porosity. A wide variety of synthetic routes and advanced preparation method have been employed to fabricate ZIF-67, leading to a substantial and growing body of literature on its synthesis. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of ZIF-67 synthesis strategies, integrating recent advances and critically analysing the factors governing its morphological and structural features. It further highlights various process optimization approaches developed for the efficient synthesis of ZIF-67. This review offers a comprehensive assessment of ZIF-67-based photocatalysts, detailing their synthetic strategies, structural attributes, and applications in solar-driven hydrogen evolution, hydrogen peroxide formation, CO<small>₂</small> reduction, and the degradation of dye and pharmaceutical pollutants. ZIF-67 composites show enormous promise for providing environmentally friendly energy solutions and sustainable global solutions, but more thorough research is necessary to fully realize their potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 11","pages":" 5434-5457"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ma/d6ma00281a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148196178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degradation or adsorption? Revisiting organic dye removal by two morphologies of InVO4","authors":"Hassan Esmaili, Roozbeh Izadi, Amirhossein Ahmadnezhad, Astita Dubey, Marianela Escobar-Castillo and Doru. C. Lupascu","doi":"10.1039/D6MA00355A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6MA00355A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Indium vanadate (InVO<small>₄</small>) has attracted considerable attention for photocatalytic applications owing to its narrow band gap, non-toxicity, and high chemical stability. However, for the removal of organic dyes from wastewater, both photocatalytic degradation and adsorption by InVO<small>₄</small> have been reported, and the dominant mechanism remains unclear. This study investigates the removal mechanism of cationic dyes by InVO<small>₄</small>. Two distinct morphologies of InVO<small>₄</small>, spherical (IVO-S) and nanorod (IVO-R), were synthesized <em>via</em> a hydrothermal method. Comparative removal tests under light and dark conditions suggest that adsorption, rather than photocatalytic degradation, is the dominant removal pathway under the conditions investigated. Among the two morphologies, IVO-R exhibits superior adsorption performance, achieving a maximum capacity of 290 mg g<small>⁻¹</small> for methylene blue (MB). This is attributed to its smaller particle size. The material demonstrates excellent pH tolerance, maintaining high adsorption efficiency across a broad pH range (2–10), with an optimal dosage of 0.15 g L<small>⁻¹</small>. Zeta potential analysis confirms a negatively charged surface within this pH range. Adsorption was significant only for cationic dyes, suggesting electrostatic attraction as the key driving force. Furthermore, XPS analysis reveals no evidence of strong chemical bonding between MB and the InVO<small>₄</small> surface, implying that non-covalent interactions between MB and InVO<small>₄</small> surface sites underpin the adsorption process. Kinetic studies indicate that adsorption follows a pseudo-second order model, with a rate constant (<em>k</em><small>₂</small>) of 0.009 g mg<small>⁻¹</small> min<small>⁻¹</small> for 30 mg L<small>⁻¹</small> MB. Isotherm analysis shows the best fit with the Sips model predicting a maximum adsorption capacity of 285 mg g<small>⁻¹</small>, closely matching the experimental results.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 12","pages":" 6310-6321"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ma/d6ma00355a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148292109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimaterial additive manufacturing of GelMA hydrogel-based structures with tuneable composition and mechanical properties","authors":"Keyvan Joderi, Silvia Santoni, Charles E. D. Heaton, Feiran Wang, Nathan Carpentier, Long Jiang, Felicity R. A. J. Rose, Ricky D. Wildman and Lyudmila Turyanska","doi":"10.1039/D6MA00041J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6MA00041J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Multimaterial additive manufacturing is an emerging field that could underpin innovation across various industries, with multimaterial hydrogel structures being of particular interest for healthcare. Stereolithography-based processes offer high resolution and compatibility with materials, such as hydrogels. Here, we present a methodology to achieve high resolution multimaterial fabrication of GelMA- and PEG-based hydrogels using vat-photopolymerisation processes, including projection micro-stereolithography and two-photon polymerisation. By optimising resin formulations, printing strategies, and post-printing processes, we produce high-fidelity 3D multimaterial hydrogel structures with either defined material interfaces or compositional gradients, which provide a tool for controllable modification of their chemical composition, alongside tunable mechanical properties (in the range of 2–12 kPa). Using rhodamine B and acrylated rhodamine B, as exemplar guest molecules, we demonstrate reversible impregnation of hydrogels for sustained release and permanent formation of compositional gradients. These capabilities, combined with the inherent biocompatibility of hydrogels, are relevant for applications in drug delivery, wound healing, and environmental sensing, among others. As an illustration, we evaluate the performance of printed hydrogels as sensing layers on interdigitated devices for monitoring salt-rich environments. Together, these findings establish a versatile strategy for high-resolution multi-material hydrogel manufacturing, offering new opportunities for engineered bio-architectures, suitable for healthcare and environmental applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 12","pages":" 6020-6028"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ma/d6ma00041j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148292154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated aerogel development via Soxhlet extraction and freeze-drying","authors":"Felix Leven, Mavin Geyer, Elisabeth Huth, Corina Andronescu and Rainer Ostermann","doi":"10.1039/D5MA01307K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA01307K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The tedious and time-consuming solvent exchange during aerogel production was sped up using a standard Soxhlet extractor. Optimizing the setup with a vent and molecular sieve allowed to save up to 80% of the production time compared to batchwise extractions while maintaining state-of-the-art samples of silica and polyurethane aerogels, <em>i.e.</em> MTMS aerogels with a thermal conductivity of 15 mW m<small>⁻¹</small> K<small>⁻¹</small> and PU aerogels with 17 mW m<small>⁻¹</small> K<small>⁻¹</small> and good mechanical properties even after freeze-drying, which is generally more stressful than supercritical drying. The syntheses had to be carried out in high-boiling solvents, but adaptation and optimisation were made possible rapidly due to the method developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 11","pages":" 5739-5747"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ma/d5ma01307k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148196211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocompatible melanin-functionalized CaCO3 nanoparticles for cell protection against photoinduced oxidative stress","authors":"Giuseppe Vitiello, Francesca Baldassarre, Chiara Boncristiani, Alessandro Pezzella, Giuseppina Luciani, Giuseppe Ciccarella and Viviana Vergaro","doi":"10.1039/D5MA01417D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5MA01417D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Melanin is a natural biopolymer with intrinsic antioxidant, photoprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a promising component for bioinspired functional materials. In this study, we report a green, one-pot synthesis of hybrid melanin–calcium carbonate nanoparticles (melanin–CaCO<small>₃</small> NPs) <em>via in situ</em> polymerization of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) on amino-functionalized CaCO<small>₃</small> templates. The resulting nanoparticles combine the biocompatibility of the inorganic scaffold with the multifunctionality of melanin. Detailed physicochemical characterization confirmed the successful formation of the hybrid system, while <em>in vitro</em> studies on two human cell lines demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility, promotion of cell proliferation, and marked reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging ability, achieving approximately 70% ROS reduction at a dose of 10 µg mL<small>⁻¹</small>. Notably, even with a low melanin content (1%), the NPs exhibited significant intracellular photoprotective activity against photoinduced oxidative stress. These findings suggest that melanin–CaCO<small>₃</small> NPs hold strong potential as green-engineered, multifunctional nanomaterials for biomedical applications, particularly in oxidative stress-related therapies and photoprotection.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 11","pages":" 5707-5720"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ma/d5ma01417d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148196209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extra-low resistivity in N and H doped Cu2O thin films grown by room temperature RF sputtering","authors":"A. Di Trolio, P. M. Latino, B. Paci, A. Generosi, A. Cricenti, M. Luce, D. Becerrill, A. Di Carlo, S. Alì, F. Filippone and A. Amore Bonapasta","doi":"10.1039/D6MA00335D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6MA00335D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Cuprous oxide (Cu<small>₂</small>O) is an intrinsic p-type semiconductor representing an interesting, potential hole transporting material in 3rd generation solar cells. However, its practical applications are significantly limited by its intrinsically high resistivity. In the present study, we show that polycrystalline Cu<small>₂</small>O thin films with an extra-low resistivity of 0.16 Ω cm can be grown by radio frequency (RF) sputtering by exploiting the effects of nitrogen and hydrogen doping. Significantly and differently from previous studies, the films are deposited at room temperature and the material doping is performed through the simultaneous introduction of both dopants in the Cu<small>₂</small>O films during the growth process. The effects of N and H dopants on the Cu<small>₂</small>O properties are investigated by performing resistivity, Hall effect, UPS, X-ray Diffraction and Raman measurements on a pristine Cu<small>₂</small>O film, on Cu<small>₂</small>O films doped with N and H individually, as well as on films containing both dopants. Such a systematic investigation of the doping effects permits to perform a comparative analysis of the achieved results and data from literature and to develop an exhaustive, interpretative framework that clarifies the role of native defects and N and H dopants in reducing the resistivity of Cu<small>₂</small>O.</p>","PeriodicalId":18242,"journal":{"name":"Materials Advances","volume":" 11","pages":" 5781-5790"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ma/d6ma00335d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148196207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}