Synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Eutrema japonicum (Wasabi): antioxidant and anti-inflammatory studies†

In this study, gold nanoparticles with Eutrema japonicum (AuNPs-E.j.) were synthesized using the butylene glycol extract of the plant's grated stem and Au(III) chloride trihydrate solution. The primary characterization of synthesized AuNPs-E.j. using a UV-Vis spectrometer indicated the presence of a surface plasmon resonance band between 500 and 600 nm, indicating the reduction of Au(III) to Au(0). Infrared spectroscopy revealed the existence of C–O, OH, C–H, CO, and C–C vibrations or stretching along with aliphatic hydrocarbon chains of as-synthesized AuNP-E.j. Dynamic light scattering indicated an average particle size of 35.94 nm and a zeta potential value of 3.53 mV. AuNPs-E.j. reduced 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl and phosphomolybdenum radicals, with ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity of 1.08 and 24.63 mg/100 mL, respectively. In addition, the albumin denaturation inhibitory activity of AuNPs-E.j. was equivalent to a percentage inhibition value of the standard drug (diclofenac) value (0.36 mg/100 mL). This study confirmed that AuNPs-E.j. have the potential as a therapeutic agent for treating oxidative stress, inflammatory problems and related diseases.