Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the Elasticity of Metastatic Cervical Lymph Nodes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Using DWI-based Virtual MR Elastography.","authors":"Hye Na Jung, Inseon Ryoo, Sangil Suh, Young Hen Lee, Eunju Kim","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2022-0082","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2022-0082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The assessment of metastatic cervical lymph nodes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients is crucial; as such, many studies focusing on non-invasive imaging techniques to evaluate metastatic cervical lymph nodes have been performed. The aim of our study was to assess the usefulness of elasticity values on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)-based virtual MR elastography in the evaluation of metastatic cervical lymph nodes from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two head and neck radiologists measured the elasticity values of 16 metastatic cervical lymph nodes from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and 13 benign cervical lymph nodes on DWI-based virtual MR elastography maps. Mean, minimum, maximum, and median elasticity values were evaluated for lymph nodes between the two groups and interobserver agreement in measuring the elasticity was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean, maximum, and median elasticity values of metastatic cervical lymph nodes were significantly higher than those of benign cervical lymph nodes (P = 0.001, 0.01, and 0.002, respectively). Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the mean elasticity were 82.8%, 93.8%, and 69.2%, respectively. Interobserver agreement was excellent for the mean and median elasticity (intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.98 for both).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Estimated elasticity values based on DWI-based virtual MR elastography show significant difference between benign and metastatic cervical lymph nodes from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. While precise modulation of MR sequences and calibration parameters still needs to be established, elasticity values can be useful in differentiating between these lymph nodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18119,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"49-55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10838712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10441901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the Putative Meningeal Lymphatics at the Posterior Wall of the Sigmoid Sinus and Delayed Contrast-agent Elimination from the Cerebrospinal Fluid.","authors":"Shinji Naganawa, Rintaro Ito, Mariko Kawamura, Toshiaki Taoka, Tadao Yoshida, Michihiko Sone","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2022-0110","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2022-0110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the characteristics of the putative meningeal lymphatics located at the posterior wall of the sigmoid sinus (PML-PSS) in human subjects imaged before and after intravenous administration (IV) of a gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA). The appearance of the PML-PSS and the enhancement of the perivascular space of the basal ganglia (PVS-BG) were analyzed for an association with gender, age, and clearance of the GBCA from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-two patients with suspected endolymphatic hydrops were included. Heavily T2-weighted 3D-fluid attenuated inversion recovery (hT2w-3D-FLAIR) and 3D-real inversion recovery (IR) images were obtained at pre-administration, immediately post-administration, and at 4 and 24 hours after IV-GBCA. The appearance of the PML-PSS and the presence of enhancement in the PVS-BG were analyzed for a relationship with age, gender, contrast enhancement of the CSF at 4 hours after IV-GBCA, and the washout ratio of the GBCA in the CSF from 4 to 24 hours after IV-GBCA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PML-PSS and PVS-BG were seen in 23 of 42 and 21 of 42 cases, respectively, at 4 hours after IV-GBCA. In all PML-PSS positive cases, hT2w-3D-FLAIR signal enhancement was highest at 4 hours after IV-GBCA. A multivariate analysis between gender, age, CSF signal elevation at 4 hours, and washout ratio indicated that only the washout ratio was independently associated with the enhancement of the PML-PSS or PVS-BG. The odds ratios (95% CIs; P value) were 4.09 × 10^-5 (2.39 × 10^-8 - 0.07; 0.0078) for the PML-PSS and 1.7 × 10^-4 (1.66 × 10^-7 - 0.174; 0.014) for the PVS-BG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PML-PSS had the highest signal enhancement at 4 hours after IV-GBCA. When the PML-PSS was seen, there was also often enhancement of the PVS-BG at 4 hours after IV-GBCA. Both observed enhancements were associated with delayed GBCA excretion from the CSF.</p>","PeriodicalId":18119,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"80-91"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10838717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10599089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current State of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Applications for Head and Neck MR Imaging.","authors":"Noriyuki Fujima,&nbsp;Koji Kamagata,&nbsp;Daiju Ueda,&nbsp;Shohei Fujita,&nbsp;Yasutaka Fushimi,&nbsp;Masahiro Yanagawa,&nbsp;Rintaro Ito,&nbsp;Takahiro Tsuboyama,&nbsp;Mariko Kawamura,&nbsp;Takeshi Nakaura,&nbsp;Akira Yamada,&nbsp;Taiki Nozaki,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Fujioka,&nbsp;Yusuke Matsui,&nbsp;Kenji Hirata,&nbsp;Fuminari Tatsugami,&nbsp;Shinji Naganawa","doi":"10.2463/mrms.rev.2023-0047","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.rev.2023-0047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due primarily to the excellent soft tissue contrast depictions provided by MRI, the widespread application of head and neck MRI in clinical practice serves to assess various diseases. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based methodologies, particularly deep learning analyses using convolutional neural networks, have recently gained global recognition and have been extensively investigated in clinical research for their applicability across a range of categories within medical imaging, including head and neck MRI. Analytical approaches using AI have shown potential for addressing the clinical limitations associated with head and neck MRI. In this review, we focus primarily on the technical advancements in deep-learning-based methodologies and their clinical utility within the field of head and neck MRI, encompassing aspects such as image acquisition and reconstruction, lesion segmentation, disease classification and diagnosis, and prognostic prediction for patients presenting with head and neck diseases. We then discuss the limitations of current deep-learning-based approaches and offer insights regarding future challenges in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":18119,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"401-414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7d/3a/mrms-22-401.PMC10552661.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9926996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel T1 Analysis Method to Address Reduced Measurement Accuracy Due to Irregular Heart Rate Variability in Myocardial T1 Mapping Using Polarity-corrected Inversion Time Preparation.","authors":"Yuta Endo,&nbsp;Sanae Takahashi,&nbsp;Haruna Shibo,&nbsp;Makoto Amanuma,&nbsp;Kuninori Kobayashi,&nbsp;Shigehide Kuhara","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2023-0029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Polarity-corrected inversion time preparation (PCTIP), a myocardial T1 mapping technique, is expected to reduce measurement underestimation in the modified Look-Locker inversion recover method. However, measurement precision is reduced, especially for heart rate variability. We devised an analysis using a recurrence formula to overcome this problem and showed that it improved the measurement accuracy, especially at high heart rates. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of this analysis on the accuracy and precision of T1 measurements for irregular heart rate variability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A PCTIP scan using a 3T MRI scanner was performed in phantom experiment. We generated the simulated R-waves required for electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated acquisition using a signal generator set to 30 combinations. T1 map was generated using the signal train of the PCTIP images by nonlinear curve fitting using conventional and recurrence formulas. Accuracy against reference T1 and precision of heart rate variability were evaluated. To evaluate the fitting accuracy of both analyses, the relative fitting error was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the longer T1, the fitting error was larger than the short T1, with the conventional analysis showing 10.1±2.0%. The recurrence formula analysis showed a small fitting error less than 1%, which was consistent for all heart rate variability patterns. In the conventional analysis, the accuracy, especially for longer T1, showed a large underestimation of the measurements and poor linearity. However, in the recurrence formula analysis, the accuracy improved at a long T1, and linearity also improved. The Bland-Altman plot showed that it varied greatly depending on the heart rate variability pattern for the longer T1 in the conventional analysis, whereas the recurrence formula analysis suppressed this variation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>T1 analysis of PCTIP using the recurrence formula analysis achieved accurate and precise T1 measurements, even for irregular heart rate variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":18119,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10500239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Temporal Sampling Rate on Estimates of the Perfusion Parameters for Patients with Moyamoya Disease Assessed with Simultaneous Multislice Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging.","authors":"Tomohiro Takamura,&nbsp;Shoko Hara,&nbsp;Tadashi Nariai,&nbsp;Yutaka Ikenouchi,&nbsp;Michimasa Suzuki,&nbsp;Toshiaki Taoka,&nbsp;Masahiro Ida,&nbsp;Keiichi Ishigame,&nbsp;Masaaki Hori,&nbsp;Kanako Sato,&nbsp;Koji Kamagata,&nbsp;Kanako Kumamaru,&nbsp;Hidenori Oishi,&nbsp;Sho Okamoto,&nbsp;Yoshio Araki,&nbsp;Kenji Uda,&nbsp;Masakazu Miyajima,&nbsp;Taketoshi Maehara,&nbsp;Motoki Inaji,&nbsp;Yoji Tanaka,&nbsp;Shinji Naganawa,&nbsp;Hisashi Kawai,&nbsp;Toshiki Nakane,&nbsp;Yasuaki Tsurushima,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Onodera,&nbsp;Shuko Nojiri,&nbsp;Shigeki Aoki","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2021-0162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2021-0162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The effect of temporal sampling rate (TSR) on perfusion parameters has not been fully investigated in Moyamoya disease (MMD); therefore, this study evaluated the influence of different TSRs on perfusion parameters quantitatively and qualitatively by applying simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MR imaging (DSC-MRI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DSC-MRI datasets were acquired from 28 patients with MMD with a TSR of 0.5 s. Cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean transit time (MTT), time to peak (TTP), and time to maximum tissue residue function (Tmax) were calculated for eight TSRs ranging from 0.5 to 4.0 s in 0.5-s increments that were subsampled from a TSR of 0.5 s datasets. Perfusion measurements and volume for chronic ischemic (Tmax ≥ 2 s) and non-ischemic (Tmax < 2 s) areas for each TSR were compared to measurements with a TSR of 0.5 s, as was visual perfusion map analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CBF, CBV, and Tmax values tended to be underestimated, whereas MTT and TTP values were less influenced, with a longer TSR. Although Tmax values were overestimated in the TSR of 1.0 s in non-ischemic areas, differences in perfusion measurements between the TSRs of 0.5 and 1.0 s were generally minimal. The volumes of the chronic ischemic areas with a TSR ≥ 3.0 s were significantly underestimated. In CBF and CBV maps, no significant deterioration was noted in image quality up to 3.0 and 2.5 s, respectively. The image quality of MTT, TTP, and Tmax maps for the TSR of 1.0 s was similar to that for the TSR of 0.5 s but was significantly deteriorated for the TSRs of ≥ 1.5 s.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the assessment of MMD by SMS DSC-MRI, application of TSRs of ≥ 1.5 s may lead to deterioration of the perfusion measurements; however, that was less influenced in TSRs of ≤ 1.0 s.</p>","PeriodicalId":18119,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences","volume":"22 3","pages":"301-312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5a/1b/mrms-22-301.PMC10449549.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10125238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Speckled Enhancement\" on Gd-EOB-DTPA Enhanced MR Imaging of Primary Hepatic Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma.","authors":"Ryota Hyodo,&nbsp;Yasuo Takehara,&nbsp;Ayumi Nishida,&nbsp;Masaya Matsushima,&nbsp;Shinji Naganawa","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2021-0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2021-0069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To elucidate MRI features of primary hepatic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, particularly, the \"speckled enhancement\" on gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The institutional review board approved this retrospective observational study and waived informed consent. Using our picture archiving and communication systems and electronic medical records, five patients histopathologically diagnosed as hepatic MALT lymphoma and clinically confirmed as primary lesions who had undergone dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-CT and DCE-MRI with Gd-EOB-DTPA were identified from September 2009 to December 2020. Two radiologists assessed their CT and MRI data in consensus with a pathologist's advice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, five lesions in five patients were included in this study. Precontrast CT showed hypoattenuation in all lesions. In the arterial phase of DCE-CT, four lesions (80%) showed hyperattenuation, whereas all lesions showed iso- to hypoattenuation in the delayed phase. A vessel penetration sign was also observed in all lesions. On MRI, all lesions showed hypointensity on T1-weighted images, hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, and restricted diffusion on diffusion-weighted images. Both DCE-CT and DCE-MRI with Gd-EOB-DTPA showed similar enhancement patterns, except for the hepatocyte phase. Notably, however, four out of five lesions showed characteristic \"speckled enhancement\" that refers to punctate positive enhancements within the low signal lesions on the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI pathologically confirmed to be hepatocyte clusters that remained in the tumor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Primary hepatic MALT lymphomas were characterized by arterial phase enhancement, restricted diffusion, vessel penetration sign, and more specifically \"speckled enhancement\" in the hepatobiliary phase of DCE-MRI with Gd-EOB-DTPA.</p>","PeriodicalId":18119,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences","volume":"22 3","pages":"273-281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/62/bd/mrms-22-273.PMC10449559.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10125211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Efficacy of Diffusion-weighted Imaging in Distinguishing Chronic Diffuse Sclerosing Osteomyelitis from Suppurative Osteomyelitis of the Mandible.","authors":"Hirotaka Muraoka,&nbsp;Takashi Kaneda,&nbsp;Naohisa Hirahara,&nbsp;Kotaro Ito,&nbsp;Shunya Okada,&nbsp;Takumi Kondo","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2021-0153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2021-0153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (CDSO) is a non-suppurative inflammatory bone disease diagnosed based on combined clinical, histopathological, and radiological findings. Accurate diagnosis is important since CDSO is more refractory to treatment than suppurative osteomyelitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic efficacy of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the quantitative assessment of CDSO to distinguish it from acute suppurative osteomyelitis (ASO) and chronic suppurative osteomyelitis (CSO) of the mandible.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a retrospective cohort study design, we analyzed MRI data of 6 patients with CDSO and 34 patients with ASO and CSO. The mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the three groups (CDSO, ASO, and CSO groups) were calculated, and differences were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc Mann-Whitney tests with Bonferroni adjustments. We performed a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate the ability of the ADC to predict CDSO. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean ADCs in the CDSO, ASO, and CSO groups were 1.22 ± 0.04 × 10^-3 mm²/s, 1.28 ± 0.08 × 10^-3 mm²/s, and 1.06 ± 0.09 × 10^-3 mm²/s, respectively. Significant differences were observed between the ASO and CSO groups (P < 0.001) and CSO and CDSO groups (P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between the ASO and CDSO groups (P = 0.21). The ROC analysis revealed a cut-off ADC value of 1.19 for distinguishing the CSO group from the CDSO group. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the ROC curve were 1.0, 0.92, 0, 95, and 0.94, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that ADC may be useful in distinguishing CDSO from mandibular suppurative osteomyelitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18119,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences","volume":"22 3","pages":"283-288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bf/29/mrms-22-283.PMC10449550.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10424740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Connectivity Pattern Using Resting-state fMRI as an Assessment Tool for Spatial Neglect during the Recovery Stage of Stroke: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Toshihiko Ebisu,&nbsp;Masaki Fukunaga,&nbsp;Tomokazu Murase,&nbsp;Toyoshi Matsuura,&nbsp;Naoya Tomura,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Miyazaki,&nbsp;Shinpei Osaki,&nbsp;Tsutomu Okada,&nbsp;Toshihiro Higuchi,&nbsp;Masahiro Umeda","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine if functional connectivity measured with resting-state functional MRI could be used as a tool to assess unilateral spatial neglect during stroke recovery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Resting-state functional MRI was performed on 13 stroke patients with lesions in the right cerebral hemisphere and 31 healthy subjects. The functional connectivity score was defined as a correlation of a target region with the right inferior parietal lobule. Spatial neglect was measured with a behavioral inattention test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>First, the functional connectivity scores between the right inferior parietal lobule and right inferior frontal gyrus, including the opercular and triangular parts, were significantly decreased in stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect compared with patients without unilateral spatial neglect and were significantly correlated with the behavioral inattention test score. Second, the functional connectivity scores between the bilateral inferior parietal lobules were also significantly decreased in patients with unilateral spatial neglect compared with patients without unilateral spatial neglect and were significantly correlated with the behavioral inattention test score. Third, negative functional connectivity scores between the right inferior parietal lobule and bilateral medial orbitofrontal cortexes, which are related to the default mode network, were detected in patients without unilateral spatial neglect in contrast to a reduction of this negative tendency in patients with unilateral spatial neglect. The functional connectivity scores between these regions were significantly different between patients with and without unilateral spatial neglect and were negatively correlated with the behavioral inattention test score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Though still in the pilot research stage and using a small number of cases, our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that functional connectivity maps generated with resting-state functional MRI may be used as a tool to evaluate unilateral spatial neglect during stroke recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":18119,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences","volume":"22 3","pages":"313-324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/38/3c/mrms-22-313.PMC10449554.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10072982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motility Mapping Quantification Using the Classical Optical Flow Algorithm for Small Bowel Crohn's Disease: Comparison with Balloon-assisted Enteroscopy Findings.","authors":"Yoshio Kitazume,&nbsp;Kento Takenaka,&nbsp;Kazuo Ohtsuka,&nbsp;Yasuo Ozawa,&nbsp;Koichiro Kimura,&nbsp;Ryosuke Watanabe,&nbsp;Junichi Tsuchiya,&nbsp;Toshimitsu Fujii,&nbsp;Masakazu Nagahori,&nbsp;Mamoru Watanabe,&nbsp;Ukihide Tateishi","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2021-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2021-0037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To quantify bowel motility shown on cine MRI using the classical optical flow algorithm and compare it with balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE) findings in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 29 consecutive patients with CD who had undergone MR enterocolonography (MREC) and BAE between March and May 2017. We developed computer software to present motion vector magnitudes between consecutive cine MR images as bowel motility maps via a classical optical flow algorithm using the Horn-Schunck method. Cine MR images were acquired with a balanced steady-state free precession sequence in the coronal direction to capture small bowel motility. The small bowels were divided into three segments. In total, 63 bowel segments were assessed via BAE and MREC. Motility scores on the maps, simplified MR index of activity (sMaRIA), and MREC score derived from a 5-point MR classification were assessed independently by two radiologists and compared with the CD endoscopic index of severity (CDEIS). Correlations were assessed using Spearman's rank coefficient. The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of motility score for differentiating CDEIS was calculated; a P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Motility score was negatively correlated with CDEIS (r = -0.59 [P < 0.001] and -0.54 [P < 0.001]), and the AUCs of motility scores for detecting CDEIS ≥ 3 were 88.2% and 78.6% for observers 1 and 2, respectively. There were no significant differences in the AUC for detecting CDEIS ≥ 3 and CDEIS ≥ 12 between motility and sMaRIA or MREC score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The motility map was feasible for locally quantifying the bowel motility. In addition, the motility score on the map reflected the endoscopic inflammatory activity of each small bowel segment in patients with CD; hence, it could be used as a tool in objectively interpreting cine MREC to predict inflammatory activity in CD.</p>","PeriodicalId":18119,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences","volume":"22 3","pages":"325-334"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/27/3a/mrms-22-325.PMC10449560.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10072989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commercially Available Deep-learning-reconstruction of MR Imaging of the Knee at 1.5T Has Higher Image Quality Than Conventionally-reconstructed Imaging at 3T: A Normal Volunteer Study.","authors":"Hiroyuki Akai,&nbsp;Koichiro Yasaka,&nbsp;Haruto Sugawara,&nbsp;Taku Tajima,&nbsp;Masaaki Akahane,&nbsp;Naoki Yoshioka,&nbsp;Kuni Ohtomo,&nbsp;Osamu Abe,&nbsp;Shigeru Kiryu","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2022-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2022-0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate whether the image quality of 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee is equal to or higher than that of 3T MRI by applying deep learning reconstruction (DLR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Proton density-weighted images of the right knee of 27 healthy volunteers were obtained by 3T and 1.5T MRI scanners using similar imaging parameters (21 for high resolution image and 6 for normal resolution image). Commercially available DLR was applied to the 1.5T images to obtain 1.5T/DLR images. The 3T and 1.5T/DLR images were compared subjectively for visibility of structures, image noise, artifacts, and overall diagnostic acceptability and objectively. One-way ANOVA and Friedman tests were used for the statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the high resolution images, all of the anatomical structures, except for bone, were depicted significantly better on the 1.5T/DLR compared with 3T images. Image noise scored statistically lower and overall diagnostic acceptability scored higher on the 1.5T/DLR images. The contrast between lateral meniscus and articular cartilage of the 1.5T/DLR images was significantly higher (5.89 ± 1.30 vs. 4.34 ± 0.87, P < 0.001), and also the contrast between medial meniscus and articular cartilage of the 1.5T/DLR images was significantly higher (5.12 ± 0.93 vs. 3.87 ± 0.56, P < 0.001). Similar image quality improvement by DLR was observed for the normal resolution images.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 1.5T/DLR images can achieve less noise, more precise visualization of the meniscus and ligaments, and higher overall image quality compared with the 3T images acquired using a similar protocol.</p>","PeriodicalId":18119,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences","volume":"22 3","pages":"353-360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d0/b2/mrms-22-353.PMC10449552.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10071335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}