Lipids in Health and Disease最新文献

{"title":"Sustained moderate to high triglyceride-glucose index level is associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia in middle-aged and elderly adults: a nationally representative cohort study.","authors":"Zhaoping Li, Zhiyong Zhu, Liyong Chen, Hao Bai, Qian Zhou, Li Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02993-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02993-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a novel surrogate marker for insulin resistance (IR), has shown emerging links to sarcopenia. Yet the comprehensive association between the TyG Index and sarcopenia risk remains inconsistent, especially regarding the role of longitudinal TyG exposure patterns. This study comprehensively examines the relationships of baseline TyG index, cumulative TyG index, and TyG index subgroups (defined by two time-point measurements) with incident sarcopenia in Chinese middle-aged and older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from two China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) subcohorts: 6033 participants (aged ≥45) for baseline TyG index and sarcopenia; 5256 individuals for cumulative TyG and TyG index subgroup analyses. Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass along with either low muscle strength or physical performance. Hierarchical cluster analysis using TyG values measured in 2011 and 2015 was performed to identify distinct longitudinal TyG distribution patterns. Baseline TyG index was analyzed using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, whereas cumulative TyG index and TyG index subgroups were assessed with multivariable logistic regression. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were conducted to test for linear and nonlinear shapes of each association RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 57.16 (8.43) years, with 3207 females (51.8%) in the sample. During the 4-year observational period, 566 (9.38%) participants developed sarcopenia. Following adjustments for confounders, both the baseline index and the cumulative TyG index associated with sarcopenia exhibited significant nonlinear L-shapes, with inflection points observed at approximately 9.46 and 35.49, respectively. Three distinct subgroups: persistently low, moderate, and persistently high TyG groups were identified. Compared with the persistently low TyG index group, the moderate and persistently high TyG index groups showed gradually lower odds of sarcopenia, with multivariable-adjusted ORs of 0.526 (95% CI, 0.394-0.701) and 0.273 (95% CI, 0.184-0.406), respectively. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the associations between TyG indices and sarcopenia were more significant in males, individuals with lower BMI, and rural residents, with specific population variations across different TyG measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This longitudinal cohort study demonstrates that TyG indices exhibit L-shaped associations with sarcopenia status in Chinese adults aged ≥45 years, with identifiable thresholds. These findings suggest that the TyG index may serve as a biomarker indicative of a potential threshold for muscle health. Validation in multi-ethnic cohorts and mechanistic studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13326137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertriglyceridaemia and its multifaceted mechanisms driving atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease​​.","authors":"Xintong Li, Lishuang Xu, Jingwei Li, Yong Luo, Hang Shen, Daqing Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02983-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02983-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging evidence has shown that hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG) is a significant independent residual risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), even with optimal low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) management. Although its direct causal role in atherogenesis remains debatable, recent mechanistic insights have unveiled novel proatherogenic pathways associated with HTG. This review critically synthesises and updates the evolving evidence linking HTG to atherosclerotic pathogenesis. Here, we describe multiple mechanisms by which HTG contributes to the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. These include promotion of subendothelial cholesterol retention, induction of vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, acceleration of arterial aging, and promotion of prothrombosis. Integrating these contemporary insights, this review outlines a refined scientific framework that posits that HTG is a crucial modifiable residual risk factor for ASCVD. This paradigm enables more comprehensive risk stratification and informs the development of targeted therapies to complement conventional lipid-lowering treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on the differences in urinary iodine and serum iodine in relation to children's iodine nutrition and lipids.","authors":"Yan Zhang, Lili Xu, Lingbo Wang, Haiyan Gao, Jiamin Hao, Le Dong, Lili Qiu, Jiahui Wang, Shichun Yan, Lixiang Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02982-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02982-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The safe intake range for iodine is narrow, and abnormal nutritional status (deficiency or excess) may affect children's lipid metabolism by interfering with thyroid function. Following the widespread implementation of iodized salt in China, urinary iodine levels in children in some regions have exceeded the appropriate range. Nonetheless, the connection between iodine nutritional status and childhood dyslipidemia remains unclear. This study examined the associations between iodine status and lipid profiles among 6-17-year-old children and adolescents residing in regions of China where iodized salt is supplemented. The correlation between urinary iodine concentration (UIC), serum iodine concentration (SIC), and total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) was explored using kernel density plots and chi-square tests. The logistic regression model incorporated covariates (age, sex, BMI) to control for potential confounding factors and examined the relationship between UIC, SIC, and lipid profile; meanwhile, stratified analysis and interaction analysis were conducted to test the effect modification of these variables on the aforementioned associations. Restricted cubic splines models based on logistic regression were utilized to examine dose-response relationships involving UIC, SIC and dyslipidemia. The results revealed that hypertriglyceridemia followed a U-shaped pattern across UIC groups, whereas hypercholesterolemia rose steadily with increasing UIC. Both outcomes showed U-shaped associations with SIC. After adjustment, UIC ≥ 300 µg/L was linked with elevated TC [OR 1.455 (1.175-1.802)]. Elevated TG was also more likely when the SIC was < 63.50 µg/L [OR 1.305(1.022,1.665)] or ≥ 82.28 µg/L [1.536(1.204,1.960)]. SIC is in a U-relationship with TG levels, whereas SIC values > 74.66 µg/L appeared to interact synergistically with TG. In conclusion, high urinary iodine is a risk factor for hypercholesterolemia, but this association is modified by BMI. Both low serum iodine and high serum iodine are linked to a higher likelihood of hypertriglyceridemia, exhibiting a non-linear relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13455225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio predicts post-stroke depression: linear association and individualized risk nomogram.","authors":"Xiangqi Kong, Haobo Wang, Xinyue Yuan, Mina Zhao, Wei Jing","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02977-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02977-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common, impactful complication of stroke, yet clinically applicable early prediction tools remain limited. The ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL) integrates atherogenic burden and neuroprotective reserve, making it a promising candidate for PSD risk stratification. However, its association with 90-day PSD and utility in predictive models remain unestablished.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The primary endpoint was PSD at 90 days after stroke. Multivariable logistic regression assessed TC/HDL-PSD association, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis tested non-linearity. A nomogram was constructed and internally validated, with its performance assessed using decision curve, calibration curves, and receiver operating characteristic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-five point seven percent of patients developed PSD. TC/HDL was an independent predictor of PSD (OR = 1.2726, P = 0.0028), with a linear relationship (no nonlinearity; P = 0.879). The highest TC/HDL quartile correlated with a 136.26% increased PSD risk (OR = 2.3626, P = 0.0190). The nomogram, incorporating TC/HDL, NIHSS, MoCA, sex, and neutrophil count, demonstrated good discrimination and calibration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Admission TC/HDL is an independent prognostic marker of 90-day PSD, with a linear dose-response relationship. The internally validated nomogram may assist in risk estimation. However, its clinical applicability remains to be established and requires external validation. Given that TC/HDL is a simple, widely available and low-cost biomarker, these findings may support early risk stratification and preventive psychological care in routine stroke management, particularly in resource-limited clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13445849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning prediction of sudden cardiac death incorporating multiple lipid markers: evidence from the Taiwan Chin Shan community cohort.","authors":"Yun-Yu Chen, Yang Chen, Kuo-Liong Chien, Qinkai Yu, Yu-Cheng Hsieh, Fang-Yi Chen, Yenn-Jiang Lin, Gregory Y H Lip, Shih-Ann Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02984-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02984-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality, but reliable long-term risk prediction in community-based populations remains limited. Machine learning (ML) offers potential advantages, yet its application to SCD prediction remains comparatively limited, particularly in community-based populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Chin-Shan Community Cardiovascular Cohort (CCCC), a prospective community-based cohort in Taiwan enrolling adults aged ≥ 35 years from 14 villages. Participants were geographically partitioned into training/internal validation and independent external validation cohorts. After feature preselection using the Boruta algorithm, six ML models were developed (Light Gradient Boosting Machine, Random Forest [RF], Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Multilayer Perceptron, and K-Nearest Neighbours), with class imbalance addressed using appropriate techniques. Model performance was evaluated using discrimination and classification metrics, including the area under the curve (AUC), positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV). The optimal model was interpreted using SHapley Additive exPlanations and implemented as a web-based risk calculator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3,172 participants were included (median age [IQR]: 54.9 [45.8-64.0] years; 47.4% male), with 74 SCD events observed over a median follow-up of 15.9 years (IQR, 13.1-16.9 years). Ten non-collinear predictors were preselected, and six ML models were developed and validated. The RF showed the highest discrimination in internal (AUC: 0.824) and external validation (AUC: 0.815) and was the only model to significantly outperform the Framingham Risk Score. The RF demonstrated consistently high NPVs (> 99%) in both internal and external validation cohorts and was implemented as a web-based risk calculator.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We developed and externally validated a RF model for long-term SCD risk prediction with high NPV, supporting its potential utility for identifying low-risk individuals in community settings, pending further validation. The model has been implemented as an online risk calculator, with further validation in larger and diverse populations warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13430708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148101639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and glucose index-obesity-derived index for stroke: a cohort study.","authors":"Yueyi He, Chang Liu, Puhua Cao, Bixing Yan, Ling Zhao, Xiaolong Xie, Wei Fang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02980-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02980-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In clinical practice, integrating biochemical markers with anthropometric parameters has become a prevalent approach to optimizing disease forecasting. While the cholesterol-high-density lipoprotein-glucose index (CHG) has emerged as a novel metric for quantifying metabolic stress, its prognostic utility for stroke risk-especially when synergized with obesity-related measures-remains to be fully elucidated. This research systematically evaluates the predictive efficacy of CHG-based obesity indices for stroke, utilizing the traditional triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index as a benchmark for comparison.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for this prospective investigation were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), encompassing 7,905 individuals aged 45 years who were stroke-free at study inception. A set of seven composite indicators-integrating the CHG index with various obesity metrics (specifically CHG-BMI, CHG-WC, CHG-WHtR, CHG-WWI, CHG-BRI, CHG-ABSI, and CHG-CVAI)-underwent rigorous evaluation.. The discriminative power was quantified via the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and net reclassification improvement. Statistical associations with incident stroke were modeled using multivariate logistic regression, longitudinal trajectory clustering, and restricted cubic splines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up, stroke was reported in 739/7905 (9.3%) participants. Among all CHG-derived indices, CHG-CVAI and CHG-WC demonstrated the best stroke prediction with an identical AUC value of 0.664 and outperformed TyG-related indices. After full adjustment for confounders, stroke risk for subjects in the highest quartile (Q4) of CHG-CVAI and CHG-WC was 2.44 times (OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.66-3.60) and 2.06 times (OR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.43-2.95) higher compared to those in the Q1 quartile, respectively. Longitudinal analysis demonstrated that stroke risk significantly increased among individuals with high cumulative exposure levels or sustained high levels over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the middle-aged and older Chinese population, CHG-CVAI and CHG-WC are significantly and linearly associated with an elevated risk of incident stroke. The predictive accuracy of these markers surpasses that of TyG and its related indicators. Given these findings, routine surveillance of CHG-CVAI or CHG-WC levels is recommended to facilitate the early screening of susceptible individuals, enabling more effective targeted prevention strategies in healthcare and community settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13390316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148032045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender differences in the plasma profiles of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-type 9 (PCSK9), soluble low-density lipoprotein receptor (sLDLR), total cholesterol, and triglycerides in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases: diagnostic and prognostic implications.","authors":"Clara Lafortune, Yara Haddad, Mieczyslaw Marcinkiewicz, Michel Chrétien, Simon Turcotte, Majambu Mbikay","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02981-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02981-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-type 9 (PCSK9) and soluble low-density lipoprotein receptor (sLDLR) are circulating proteins that down regulate LDLR-mediated uptake of plasma LDL-cholesterol into cells. In healthy individuals, plasma PCSK9 and sLDLR levels correlate with total cholesterol and triglycerides, respectively. Because cancer reprograms lipid metabolism, it may alter both the circulating levels of these proteins and their correlations with total cholesterol and triglycerides. To test this possibility, we measured PCSK9, sLDLR, total cholesterol, and triglycerides in plasma from healthy subjects and patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM), classified as early recurrent or non-recurrent after liver resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma PCSK9 and sLDLR were measured using specific ELISA kits. Total cholesterol and triglycerides were measured by enzymatic colorimetry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with healthy subjects, CRLM patients had 4- to 6-fold higher sLDLR levels, regardless of recurrence category or gender (P < 0.0001). sLDLR strongly correlated with triglyceride levels (P < 0.0001). Correlations between PCSK9 and sLDLR, total cholesterol, and triglycerides varied by gender and CRLM category. Low PCSK9 levels were associated with larger tumors in early recurrent CRLM, particularly in women (P < 0.01). In women, total cholesterol above the median predicted poorer 5-year overall survival [HR (95% CI), 1.70 (1.07-2.71); P = 0.0152].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated plasma sLDLR is a candidate diagnostic biomarker for CRLM. In women with early recurrent CRLM, low plasma PCSK9 may indicate large tumors, whereas elevated plasma total cholesterol is an adverse prognostic biomarker. These findings identify early recurrence and gender as important variables when interpreting the clinical significance of lipid dysregulation in CRLM.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148016324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of Maytenus royleanus leaves extract against antituberculosis drug induced liver injury in mice.","authors":"Maria Shabbir, Tayyaba Afsar, Suhail Razak, Ali Almajwal, Muhammad Rashid Khan","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02966-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02966-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13192188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147988263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma fatty acid composition modifies the cardiovascular risk of long-term PM_2.5 exposure: a prospective cohort study of 428,048 participants.","authors":"Cong Zhao, Leying Zhao, Yihan Zhang, Lu Wang, Jinghua Yang, Ang Gao, Jisheng Wang, Xian Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02945-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02945-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate whether plasma fatty acid composition is associated with incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and whether it modifies the cardiovascular risk associated with long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 428,048 UK Biobank participants free of ASCVD at baseline. Plasma fatty acids were quantified using ¹H-NMR metabolomics, and annual residential PM_2.5 exposure was estimated using land-use regression models. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the independent associations of fatty acid indices and PM_2.5 with incident ASCVD, as well as their joint associations. Additive interaction was assessed using the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 12.5 years, 45,880 incident ASCVD events were documented. Higher absolute fatty acid concentrations were positively associated with ASCVD risk, possibly reflecting underlying metabolic disturbances. In contrast, relative compositional indices, particularly the polyunsaturated-to-monounsaturated fatty acid (PUFA/MUFA) ratio and docosahexaenoic acid percentage (DHA%), were inversely associated with ASCVD risk. Compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of the PUFA/MUFA ratio was associated with a 25% lower risk of ASCVD (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73-0.77). A higher DHA% showed a similar inverse association. In joint analyses, significant additive interactions were observed between high PM_2.5 exposure (≥ 10 µg/m³) and unfavorable fatty acid profiles. Participants with both high PM_2.5 exposure and a low PUFA/MUFA ratio had a disproportionately increased ASCVD risk (RERI = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.04-0.12; synergy index = 1.78), suggesting greater metabolic susceptibility to air pollution.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A more favorable plasma fatty acid composition, characterized by a higher PUFA/MUFA ratio and higher DHA proportion, was associated with a lower risk of incident ASCVD and appeared to attenuate the excess cardiovascular risk associated with long-term PM_2.5 exposure. Improving lipid quality may represent a complementary strategy for reducing the cardiovascular burden associated with environmental air pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13348633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147941930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of neutrophil-to-apolipoprotein A1 ratio for early postoperative cerebral infarction in patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms.","authors":"Huangcheng Shangguan, Ye Xu, Yibin Zhang, Xiaojing Chen, Yi Wu, Yuanxiang Lin, Shufa Zheng, Peisen Yao, Xiaofen Huang, Dezhi Kang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02969-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-026-02969-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Early postoperative cerebral infarction (EPCI) remains a major complication following surgical treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and contributes to unfavorable neurological outcomes. The neutrophil-to-apolipoprotein A1 ratio (NAR), which indicates systemic inflammation and lipid-related vascular protection, has shown prognostic significance in multiple vascular diseases. However, its clinical value in identifying patients at risk of EPCI after aSAH remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 517 patients with aSAH who underwent surgical treatment. Patients were divided into four groups according to the quartiles of their admission NAR. The relationship between NAR and EPCI was investigated using multivariable logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, restricted cubic spline modeling, subgroup analyses, and propensity score matching.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 517 patients included, 90 (17.41%) developed EPCI. Higher NAR levels were associated with increased clinical and radiological severity, including higher Hunt-Hess and modified Fisher grades, as well as a significantly increased risk of EPCI. NAR was independently linked to EPCI after controlling for confounders (adjusted odds ratio = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.09-1.24; P < 0.001). aSAH patients in the highest quartile exhibited a 2.68-fold higher risk of EPCI compared to those in the lowest quartile. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that NAR had moderate discriminative ability for EPCI, with an area under the curve of 0.698. Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated a positive dose-response association. These findings were consistent across subgroup analyses and were further corroborated by propensity score matching.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher admission NAR independently correlated with an increased risk of post-operative EPCI and unfavourable prognosis. NAR, as an affordable and readily accessible biomarker, could offer practical benefits for early risk assessment and perioperative clinical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13217639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147941878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}