Lipids in Health and Disease最新文献

{"title":"Phenotype-dependent effects of IL-17A inhibitors on lipid profiles in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Chao Wu, Si-Fan Wang, Dian-Mo Li, Chun-Xia He, Hong-Zhong Jin","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02974-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-026-02974-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psoriasis is associated with elevated cardiovascular risk, partly mediated through dyslipidemia and the interleukin-23/Th17 inflammatory axis. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) inhibitors demonstrate superior dermatologic efficacy, but their effects on lipid metabolism remain controversial. Most previous studies analyzed lipid changes at the population level without stratifying by baseline lipid phenotypes. This study aimed to evaluate the phenotype-specific effects of IL-17A inhibitors on lipid profiles and identify risk factors for dyslipidemia in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 353 patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis (body surface area [BSA] ≥ 3%) treated with IL-17A inhibitors (secukinumab or ixekizumab) for one year. Patients were stratified into five mutually exclusive lipid phenotypes according to the 2023 Chinese guidelines for lipid management. Multivariable logistic regression identified independent risk factors for dyslipidemia. Lipid changes were assessed using paired tests with Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Sensitivity analyses were performed in the BSA ≥ 10% subgroup (n = 274).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dyslipidemia was present in 72.2% of patients, with mixed dyslipidemia (26.1%) and hypertriglyceridemia (21.2%) being predominant. BMI ≥ 28 kg/m² (OR = 3.35, 95% CI 1.79-6.28, P < 0.001) and male sex (OR = 2.37, 95% CI 1.40-4.01, P = 0.001) were independent risk factors. Phenotype-specific effects were observed: mixed dyslipidemia patients showed significant reductions in TC (0.47 mmol/L), TG (0.46 mmol/L), and LDL-C (0.18 mmol/L) (all FDR-adjusted P ≤ 0.010); hypercholesterolemia patients demonstrated reductions in TC (0.49 mmol/L) and LDL-C (0.43 mmol/L) (both FDR-adjusted P < 0.001). Among 110 patients with baseline LDL-C ≥ 3.4 mmol/L, 31.0% achieved LDL-C < 3.4 mmol/L. Hypertriglyceridemia patients showed no significant changes after FDR adjustment. Isolated low HDL-C patients exhibited modest increases in HDL-C and LDL-C. Normal lipid patients experienced mild increases in TG and LDL-C within normal ranges. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) improvement showed no correlation with lipid changes (all FDR-adjusted P > 0.05). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of all primary findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IL-17A inhibitors exert heterogeneous, phenotype-dependent effects on lipid metabolism. Patients with elevated baseline cholesterol may derive dual dermatologic and cardiometabolic benefits, while those with normal lipids require monitoring for modest unfavorable changes. These findings support phenotype-guided treatment selection and individualized lipid monitoring strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its association with atherogenic indices and lipid profile in individuals seeking a weight-loss dietary program: what role for body fat?","authors":"Francesca Menichetti, Silvia Gallosti, Ramona De Amicis, Federica Sileo, Andrea Foppiani, Giorgia Pozzi, Simona Bertoli, Alberto Battezzati, Alessandro Leone","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02960-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-026-02960-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Mediterranean diet is widely recognized for its cardiovascular benefits, but its specific effects on atherogenic indices remain unclear, particularly in individuals seeking a weight-loss dietary program, where excess fat mass may mitigate the diet's protective effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To explore this relationship, a cross-sectional study was conducted involving 10,286 participants enrolled in a weight-loss dietary program. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed using the 14-item Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener questionnaire. Lipid profiles, including total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, and triglycerides, were analyzed to calculate the following atherogenic indices: atherogenic index of plasma, Castelli risk indices I and II, lipoprotein combine index, atherogenic coefficient, and atherogenic combined index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate linear regression models, adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, sociodemographic factors, and use of lipid-lowering medications, showed that each one-point increase in the Mediterranean diet adherence score was significantly associated with reductions in the atherogenic index of plasma (- 0.003, 95%CI: 0.006, - 0.000), the atherogenic coefficient (- 0.013, 95%CI: - 0.024, - 0.001), Castelli risk index I (- 0.013, 95%CI: - 0.024, - 0.001), and the atherogenic combined index (- 0.004, 95%CI: - 0.007, - 0.000), with a marginal association observed for Castelli risk index II (- 0.009, 95%CI: - 0.019, 0.000). Significant associations were also observed for total cholesterol (- 3.453 mg/dl, 95%CI: -5.911, -0.995), LDL (- 3.225 mg/dl, 95%CI: -5.402, -1.048), and HDL-C concentrations (+ 0.255 mg/dl, 95%CI: 0.098, 0.412). However, except for HDL, these associations lost statistical significance after adjusting for body fat percentage. Significant interactions between Mediterranean diet adherence score and body fat percentage were observed for several atherogenic indices, including the atherogenic coefficient, Castelli risk index I, Castelli risk index II, and the atherogenic combined index as well as for total cholesterol and LDL, suggesting that the protective effects of the Mediterranean diet diminish as fat mass increases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with more favorable lipid profiles and atherogenic indices, these benefits are modulated by body composition, particularly fat mass. These findings highlight the importance of integrated dietary strategies that combine nutritional quality with body fat reduction to support cardiovascular prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147864371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of ANGPTL3/4/8 proteins and complexes with heart failure and heart failure mortality.","authors":"Günther Silbernagel, Ann-Cathrin Maas, Hongxia Li, Deven Lemen, Yan Q Chen, Eugene Y Zhen, Yi Wen, Marcus E Kleber, Graciela Delgado, Angela P Moissl, Winfried März, Alexander Niessner, Hubert Scharnagl, Robert J Konrad","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02973-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-026-02973-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Angiopoietin-like 3/4/8 (ANGPTL3/4/8) proteins play critical roles in modulating lipid metabolism through calorically sensitive and tissue-specific regulation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity via formation of ANGPTL3/8 and ANGPTL4/8 complexes. ANGPTL3/4/8 proteins are also associated with cardiovascular risk. Circulating levels of ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4/8, and C-terminal domain-containing ANGPTL4 (CD-ANGPTL4) have been associated with overall cardiovascular mortality. In this study, we investigated the associations of ANGPTL3/4/8 proteins and complexes with heart failure (HF) and HF death.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied 2,394 participants of the LUdwigshafen RIsk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) study, a cohort of patients referred for coronary angiography. HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) were diagnosed at baseline. There was a follow-up period with a median (interquartile range) duration of 9.80 (8.75-10.40) years. ANGPTL3/4/8 proteins and complexes were measured at baseline using dedicated immunoassays, and their serum concentrations were compared to HF data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was an inverse association of ANGPTL3/8 with the N-terminal prohormone of B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). ANGPTL3 was positively associated with NT-proBNP, HFpEF, and the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class. ANGPTL4/8 was positively associated with HFrEF, HFpEF, and NT-proBNP and was inversely associated with the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). CD-ANGPTL4 was positively associated with the NYHA functional class, HFrEF, HFpEF, and NT-proBNP and was inversely associated with LVEF. A total of 101 participants died from HF. ANGPTL3/8 and ANGPTL4/8 were not associated with HF mortality. In contrast, ANGPTL3 and especially CD-ANGPTL4 were positively associated with HF death.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found positive associations of ANGPTL3 and CD-ANGPTL4 with HF and HF mortality. Of particular interest, serum levels of CD-ANGPTL4 demonstrated positive associations with HFrEF, HFpEF, NT-proBNP, and NYHA functional class and an inverse association with LVEF. CD-ANGPTL4 also demonstrated the strongest positive association with HF mortality. The explanation for these associations is not currently apparent. Further investigation will be required to understand more fully the possible biochemical mechanisms that may be responsible for these associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of combination therapy with statin and ezetimibe in patients failing to achieve target LDL levels at cardiology outpatient clinics in Turkey (COM-TR-OLDL): a real-world observational study.","authors":"Ayşe Çolak, Zeynep Kumral, Önder Öztürk, Ayşegül Ülgen Kunak, Ali Nizami Elmas, Ömer Bedir, Medeni Karaduman, Naci Babat, Umut Uyan, Nurcemal Şentürk, Sebahat Tekeli Şengül, Sefa Erdi Ömür, Şahbender Koç, Mehmet Ali Işık, Samet Uysal, Cennet Yıldız, Emre Asiltürk, Tuncay Güzel, Fahri Er, Alkım Ateşli Yazıcı, Emrah Yeşil, Fuat Bice, Cansu Öztürk, Murat Gökhan Yerlikaya, Lütfü Aşkın, Melisa Uçar, Murat Çakır, Ömer Uluuysal, Afag Özyıldız, Yusuf Demir Ozan, Tolga Kunak, Selçuk Öztürk, Özkan Karaca, Özkan Kayhan, Khayal Mirzayev, İlke Çelikkale, Emine Buket Kırdağ, Mehdi Zoghi, Asım Oktay Ergene","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02950-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-026-02950-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Achieving target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) frequently requires combination lipid-lowering therapy. Single-pill combination (SPC) regimens may improve adherence compared with free-dose combinations (FDC) in real-world clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study included 450 ASCVD patients with baseline LDL-C levels of 70-189 mg/dL who were followed in cardiology outpatient clinics between January 2023 and December 2024. Patients received atorvastatin-ezetimibe either as a single-pill combination (SPC, n = 392) or as a free-dose combination (FDC, n = 58). Primary endpoints were LDL-C reduction and treatment adherence (≥ 80% of prescribed doses). Secondary endpoints included LDL-C target attainment and adverse events. Non-parametric tests and chi-square/Fisher's exact tests were used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 1 month, LDL-C levels were significantly lower in the SPC group compared with the FDC group (90.6 vs. 119 mg/dL; p = 0.005), and adherence was higher (89.8% vs. 70.7%; p < 0.001). At 4 months, LDL-C levels were comparable between groups, while continuous adherence remained significantly higher in the SPC group (86% vs. 69%; p = 0.001). A higher proportion of SPC-treated patients achieved LDL-C < 100 mg/dL at 1 month (81.9% vs. 67.2%; p = 0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this real-world ASCVD cohort, SPC therapy with atorvastatin and ezetimibe was associated with superior adherence and comparable lipid-lowering efficacy despite lower statin doses. Fixed-dose combination strategies may represent an effective approach to optimize adherence and cardiovascular risk management.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index and rheumatoid arthritis: NHANES 1999-2018.","authors":"Jinye Xu, Yunsheng Xu, Fuxin Wei","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02958-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-026-02958-7","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;While the Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) and Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) offer improved assessment of visceral fat distribution compared to traditional measures, their connection with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been thoroughly explored. This research aimed to assess the links between LAP, VAI, and RA occurrence using nationally representative datasets.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This cross-sectional study analyzed information from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) covering the years 1999-2018. RA status was determined based on self-reported physician diagnosis. Sex-specific formulas were employed to calculate LAP and VAI. Statistical techniques included weighted multivariable logistic regression with three progressive models, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, piecewise linear regression, and subgroup analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The study comprised 15,918 individuals, including 1,988 RA cases and 13,930 non-RA controls. RA patients demonstrated distinct demographic and clinical profiles compared to non-RA participants, exhibiting older age, greater female representation, reduced educational attainment (P = 0.03), and elevated frequencies of smoking, hypertension, and diabetes (all P &lt; 0.001). Both LAP and VAI measurements were markedly elevated in the RA group (P &lt; 0.001). After comprehensive covariate adjustment, LAP maintained a significant association with RA prevalence (OR = 1.002, P &lt; 0.001). Individuals in the highest LAP tertile displayed 41.0% greater RA prevalence (OR = 1.410, P &lt; 0.001), demonstrating a clear dose-response pattern (P for trend &lt; 0.001). RCS analysis identified a significant nonlinear LAP-RA relationship (P for nonlinearity &lt; 0.001), with a threshold effect at LAP = 43.45. Below this value, the association was notably stronger (OR = 1.0028, P &lt; 0.001), whereas above it the relationship plateaued (P = 0.096). In contrast, VAI exhibited no significant association with RA (P for overall = 0.397) or nonlinear pattern (P for nonlinearity = 0.864). Stratified analyses revealed that hypertension status significantly modified the LAP-RA association (P for interaction = 0.040), with hypertensive individuals showing more pronounced effects. Borderline age-related differences were also noted, with stronger associations among younger participants (&lt; 60 years) and in non-Hispanic White and non-Hispanic Black subgroups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This research indicates a potential link between LAP and RA occurrence, possibly highlighting the influence of abdominal fat deposition in RA development. Being an easily obtainable indicator that solely necessitates waist measurement and triglyceride assessment, LAP could function as an efficient preliminary screening method for identifying RA susceptibility in general healthcare environments. Additionally, it might contribute valuable insights for developing preventive approaches targetin","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative stress hyperglycemia ratio exposure and dynamic trajectories reveal prognostic determinants of acute hyperlipidemic pancreatitis: an 5-year cohort study.","authors":"Yiji Chen, Jianhua Wan, Wenqing Shu, Xiaoyu Yang, Huajing Ke, Wenhua He, Yin Zhu, Nonghua Lu, Liang Xia","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02970-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-026-02970-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and glycemic variability (GV) both reflect acute glycemic fluctuations, with established roles in cardiovascular and stroke diseases. However, their prognostic value in acute hyperlipidemic pancreatitis (HTG-AP) remains underexplored. Traditional assessments based on single measurements fail to capture the dynamic evolution. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the early predictive value of Cumulative stress hyperglycemia ratio (CumSHR) and trajectory combined with GV in patients with hyperlipidemic pancreatitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study collected data from 959 patients with HTG-AP. SHR and GV were calculated using standardized formulas; CumSHR was derived from the area under the curve (AUC) based on SHR data from the 7 days prior to admission. Multivariable analyses and RCS analysis assessed whether CumSHR predicted severe hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-SAP). Subgroup stratification was performed based on clinically distinct glucose metabolic states, while Latent class growth mixture model (LCGMM) identified dynamic SHR trajectory sub-phenotypes. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves compared survival rates across different risk trajectory groups. Finally, machine learning models predicted HTG-SAP risk, and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) identified key predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the Jiangxi cohort, 162 cases (16.9%) of HTG-AP developed HTG-SAP. RCS analysis demonstrated a U-shaped association between CumSHR and HTG-SAP and persistent organ failure (POF) (P < 0.001). The LCGMM identified three dynamic trajectories: the sustained high-value group (SHG-T3) exhibited the highest risk of HTG-SAP (55.6%, compared with 10.6% in the low-value gradually decreasing group [LDG-T1]). Subsequently, stratified into normal glucose regulation (NGR), pre-diabetes Mellitus (Pre-DM), and diabetes mellitus (DM), high CumSHR + high GV showed increased risk compared to low CumSHR + low LGV (P < 0.05). Among machine learning models predicting HTG-SAP risk, the Naive-Bayes model demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy. SHAP analysis identified CumSHR as one of the most important predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that CumSHR exhibits significant association with early assessment of severe conditions in patients with HTG-AP, with its trajectory effectively capturing dynamic changes to compensate for the limitations of static prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and lifestyle determinants of lipid profiles in Japanese young adults: evidence from MBOAT7 rs641738.","authors":"Akira Kado, Yukiko Inoue, Takeya Tsutsumi, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro, Shintaro Yanagimoto","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02971-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-026-02971-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early prevention of dyslipidemia is critical for reducing the future onset of atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Although lifestyle interventions have been recommended, the interactions between common genetic variants and modifiable habits in young populations remain unclear. Membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7 (MBOAT7) has been implicated in lipid metabolism and steatotic liver disease; however, its role in early atherosclerosis is poorly understood. Associations between the MBOAT7 rs641738 genotype, lifestyle habits, and atherogenic lipid profiles were assessed in young adults and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 402 university students (200 adolescents and 202 young adults) who underwent health checkups, genotyping, and lifestyle assessments (dietary habits, alcohol intake, and physical activity). Participants were genotyped for MBOAT7 rs641738 (C > T), categorized as CC versus non-CC (CT/TT), and stratified by MBOAT7 genotype and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratios. Logistic regression was used to identify lifestyle factors related to elevated LDL-C/HDL-C ratios using a threshold of 2.0. Sex-stratified analysis was also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Young adults with the CC genotype exhibited significantly higher LDL-C/HDL-C ratios than those with the non-CC genotype, despite similar lifestyle habits; no genotype differences were observed in adolescents. High soft drink consumption (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.08-1.58; P = 0.004) and low alcohol intake (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.15-0.79; P = 0.005) were independently related to LDL-C/HDL-C ≥ 2.0, with stronger effects in males. These associations were not observed in the non‑CC group. Sex differences were evident, with females more sensitive to low alcohol intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Genetic susceptibility to atherogenic lipid profiles in young adults is linked to the MBOAT7 CC genotype and modifiable habits, particularly soft drink intake, with sex-specific effects. These findings suggest the importance of early genetic screening and personalized lifestyle interventions in preventing dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. However, alcohol consumption has not been recommended as a preventive measure. These findings provide public health insights into early life interventions to reduce the future onset of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147839718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmasking residual cardiovascular risk: the paradoxical interaction between remnant cholesterol and calculated LDL-C in a tertiary-care cohort.","authors":"Hazar Gözgöz, Seher Kabul, Özlem Gürsoy Doruk","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02952-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-026-02952-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Residual atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk often remains even after low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels have been brought down to target levels. Remnant cholesterol (RC) and inflammation have been increasingly linked to the residual risk. We aimed to investigating whether the discriminative value of RC the ability of RC to discriminate and its claimed interactions with LDL-C are due to a real clinical phenotype or are affected by formula-dependent biases between the Friedewald and Sampson-NIH equations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We performed a cross-sectional analysis of consecutively tested adults (n = 3,342) using residual serum samples from routine clinical monitoring. To reduce analytical variability, all lipid profiles were analyzed using a single, dedicated reagent lot. We contrasted risk models with Friedewald-calculated versus Sampson-NIH-calculated LDL-C to assess equation-dependent differences. Lipid parameters, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. ASCVD was defined using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD-10) codes. Missing covariate data were handled using multiple imputation by chained equations (m = 50), with additional complete-case sensitivity analyses for CRP-related models. To reduce bias, the observed ASCVD status was included as an auxiliary variable; the outcome itself was not imputed. The discriminative performance of nested logistic regression models was assessed through the pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and pooled DeLong p-values.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary clinical focus was the presence of documented pre-existing ASCVD diagnoses, identified in 11.4% of the cohort, while 9.4% of participants met the criteria for atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD). In the primary analysis with Friedewald LDL-C, we detected a statistically significant (p &lt; 0.001) negative interaction between LDL-C and RC, while logCRP remained an independent correlate in the adjusted model. Interestingly, when we verified this using the more accurate Sampson-NIH equation to minimize the possibility that the result would be solely due to calculation bias, the paradoxical interaction was still statistically significant (p = 0.003) along with a strong model performance (AUC: 0.729). This indicates that the interaction is not entirely explained by the mathematical artifact of the Friedewald formula, but rather represents a consistent statistical pattern in this cohort.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;RC adds statistically significant value to risk discrimination. The continuous inverse relationship of LDL-C with high RC identifies a statistical pattern consistent with persistent atherogenic burden despite apparently optimal calculated LDL-C levels. Awareness of this potential suppressor effect may aid in refining risk stratification in tert","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid metabolism as a central driver of immune remodeling and therapeutic vulnerability in metastatic colorectal cancer.","authors":"Yuru Shang, Qingxi Yang, Runlin Zhang, Weiguo Xu, A M Abd El-Aty, Yu Gao, Tianbao Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02956-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-026-02956-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysregulated lipid metabolism has emerged as a defining hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, particularly in metastatic disease, where metabolic adaptation and immune evasion are tightly interconnected, as demonstrated in both murine models and human studies. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that alterations in lipid synthesis, uptake, transport, and oxidation not only sustain tumor bioenergetics but also actively remodel the tumor immune microenvironment. Key lipid metabolic regulators-including FASN, SREBP signaling, CD36-mediated lipid uptake, cholesterol metabolism, and fatty acid oxidation-coordinate oncogenic signaling and promote immunosuppressive states characterized by T-cell exhaustion, macrophage polarization, and ferroptosis resistance, on the basis largely of correlative and preclinical evidence. Recent advances in multiomics technologies, including single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics, have enabled high-resolution mapping of lipid-dependent immune niches within metastatic CRC (mCRC) lesions. These approaches reveal lipid metabolism as a central organizer of tumor-immune interactions and identify previously unrecognized metabolic vulnerabilities. In this review, we integrate current knowledge on lipid metabolic reprogramming in CRC with emerging multiomics insights, highlighting the mechanisms linking lipid metabolism, ferroptosis, gut microbiota interactions, and immune remodeling. We further discuss therapeutic strategies targeting lipid metabolic pathways and their potential synergy with immunotherapy. Collectively, the results of this work suggest that understanding lipid metabolism is a unifying framework for understanding mCRC biology and developing metabolism-guided therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a preoperative glycolipid metabolism-based nomogram for predicting postoperative recurrence in primary glioma: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Haobin Liu, Yuxiao Wu, Haoyu Sun, Qunyu Sun, Mingguang Wang, Jinling Zhang, Zhong Lu","doi":"10.1186/s12944-026-02968-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-026-02968-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Glioma recurrence after surgery remains prevalent, significantly impacting patient survival. Tumor progression is closely linked to metabolic reprogramming, especially abnormalities involving glycolipid metabolism. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index accurately indicates insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic disturbances. Although these metabolic indicators are prognostically valuable in various cancers, their role in forecasting glioma recurrence is still insufficiently investigated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The medical records of 302 primary glioma patients who received surgical treatment at Linyi People's Hospital from 2016 to 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. Participants admitted to one ward (n = 236) were randomly assigned to either a training set (n = 141) or an internal validation set (n = 95). Another distinct ward provided patients (n = 66) for an independent internal validation group. In the training cohort, essential glycolipid metabolic parameters were identified via Bootstrap resampling combined with Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, yielding a stabilized Bootstrap-LASSO Score (BSL-Score). Clinical variables alongside this score were subjected to univariate Cox regression analysis, and variables with statistical significance (P &lt; 0.05) progressed into multivariate Cox regression to pinpoint independent prognostic indicators. Subsequently, these independent indicators were integrated into a nomogram to forecast 1-, 2-, and 3-year postoperative recurrence-free survival (RFS). Model performance was confirmed through concordance index (C-index) evaluation, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA), with Bootstrap correction utilized for the C-index.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In the training cohort (n = 141), the nomogram achieved a C-index of 0.747 (95% CI: 0.676-0.818) and area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.832, 0.732, and 0.732 for 1‑, 2‑, and 3‑year RFS, respectively. In internal validation (n = 95), the C-index was 0.703 (95% CI: 0.584-0.807); in independent internal validation (n = 66), it was 0.785 (95% CI: 0.694-0.874). Calibration curves showed good agreement, and decision curve analysis confirmed clinical net benefit. The BSL‑Score, derived from routine metabolic parameters (TyG, triglyceride‑to‑high‑density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL‑C), and TyG‑body mass index (TyG‑BMI)), was an independent predictor of recurrence (multivariate Cox, P &lt; 0.05). Risk stratification by the median nomogram score significantly distinguished high‑risk from low‑risk patients (log‑rank P &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The established nomogram effectively integrates preoperative glycolipid metabolic indicators with key clinical factors, accurately stratifying recurrence risk in postoperative glioma patients. It serves as a valuable reference for personalized postoper","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147816359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}