Lipids in Health and Disease最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of β-hydroxybutyrate in the management of pancreatic neoplasms: exploring novel diagnostic and treatment strategies.","authors":"Mohammad Amin Vaezi, Samira Nekoufar, Ali Karami Robati, Vahid Salimi, Masoumeh Tavakoli-Yaraki","doi":"10.1186/s12944-024-02368-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-024-02368-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic neoplasm, a highly aggressive and often fatal cancer, poses challenges due to late detection and nonspecific symptoms. Therefore, both early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic approaches are necessary to augment the condition of these patients. Cancer cells undergo metabolic deregulation, which enables their proliferation, survival, and invasion. As a result, it is crucial to focus on the metabolic pathways in prevalent cancers and explore treatment strategies that target these pathways to control tumor growth effectively. This is particularly relevant in cancers like pancreatic cancer, which undergo numerous metabolic alterations. The ketogenic regimen, characterized by low carbohydrate and protein contents and high-fat sources, does not involve caloric restriction. This allows for the induction of ketogenesis and an increase in ketone bodies, while insulin and glucose levels remain low even after meals. This unique metabolic state may influence the tumor microenvironment. Given the lack of unanimous agreement on the precise role and mechanism of the ketogenic diet, this review aims to clarify the diagnostic value and accuracy of ketone bodies in various types of pancreatic tumors and explore the potential anti-cancer effects of the ketogenic diet when used alone or in conjunction with chemotherapy, also to determine the potential of the ketogenic diet to be used as adjuvant therapy. The outcomes of this study are instrumental in enhancing our understanding of the benefits and drawbacks associated with employing this diet for the management and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"376"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with lipid lowering therapy in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.","authors":"Jing Cao, Weihua Guan, Sarah O Nomura, Harpreet S Bhatia, Parveen K Garg, Michael Y Tsai","doi":"10.1186/s12944-024-02363-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-024-02363-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) plays a central role in managing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, but its underuse is reported in over 40% of the qualified population in the United States. Studies on factors, particularly actionable factors associated with guideline-directed LLT are limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study evaluated participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) on their qualification for LLT at exam 5 (2010-2012) according to the 2013 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guideline on cholesterol management. Participants were categorized as on-LLT or off-LLT at the following exam (2016-2018). Multi-variable relative risk (RR) models were used to analyze between LLT usage and factors prior to 2013, including age, gender, race/ethnicity, education level and medical insurance, income, smoking, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hypertension, and presence of coronary artery calcium (CAC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 2114 participants qualified for LLT at exam 5 with an average age of 70.7, 1,129 (53.4%) were on LLT while 985 (46.6%) were off LLT at exam 6. Black participants were less likely to be on LLT compared to the reference white participants (RR 0.80, 95% confidence interval CI 0.71-0.90). Higher BMI showed borderline significant association with LLT. Comorbidities of diabetes and hypertension were positively associated with LLT use (RR 1.39 and 1.23, 95% CI 1.27-1.52 and 1.10-1.36, respectively). CAC score > 0 as an indicator of subclinical ASCVD was strongly associated with LLT too, independent of other demographic or comorbidity factors (RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.21-1.56).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identifies key factors influencing LLT use among MESA participants. Black participants were less likely to be on LLT, highlighting healthcare disparities. CAC presence was strongly associated with LLT use, suggesting that CAC measurement could be an actionable factor to improve adherence to LLT guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"375"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between body roundness index and psoriasis among US adults: a nationwide population-based study.","authors":"Genlong Bai, Yuting Peng, Qian Liu, Xinyi Shao, Yuan Zhan, Aijun Chen, Jingbo Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-024-02365-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-024-02365-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In clinical practice, psoriasis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease featured with the development of red plaque with silvery scales, which considerably affects cutaneous health and quality of life of those afflicted.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aimed to examine the association between the body roundness index (BRI) and psoriasis, using data sourced from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study used a cross-sectional design, including 8,479 adults, of whom 234 were diagnosed with psoriasis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between BRI and psoriasis, with stepwise adjustments for covariables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from multivariable logistic regression analyses indicated a significant positive relationship between BRI and the risk of developing psoriasis; specifically, after comprehensive adjustment for covariables, per 1 unit increase in BRI was linked to an 11% rise in psoriasis risk (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.05-1.17). Furthermore, psoriasis patients exhibited higher average BRI compared to non-psoriasis patients and a greater prevalence of comorbidities such as hypertension and smoking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that higher BRI is positively correlated with the risk of psoriasis in the adult population in the US. BRI could potentially act as a practical anthropometric index for more accurately predicting the risk of developing psoriasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of selected oxysterol levels, oxidative stress, and macrophage activation indicators in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolemia.","authors":"Erhan Canbay, Ebru Canda, Havva Yazıcı, Gulcin Kayan Kasıkcı, Burak Durmaz, Oznur Copur, Begüm Tahhan, Dilek Düzgün, Zeynep Elçim Koru, Ebru Sezer, Derya Aydın, Resit Erturk Levent, Sema Kalkan Ucar, Mahmut Coker, Eser Yıldırım Sozmen","doi":"10.1186/s12944-024-02371-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-024-02371-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;Elevated levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream, also referred to as hypercholesterolemia, pose a significant risk for the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Oxysterols, cholesterol-derived oxidized compounds that form enzymatically or non-enzymatically, contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. This study aimed to examine the critical oxysterol levels in children and adolescents with hypercholesterolemia and explore the correlation between these levels, oxidative stress, and atherosclerosis progression.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study included 20 patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and 20 healthy individuals aged between 6 and 18 years. Participants were categorized into children (6-9 years) and adolescents (10-18 years). Pediatric and adolescent patients were selected from among subjects with LDL-C ≥ 130 mg/dL and diagnosed with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) based on the presence of mutations in the LDL receptor (LDL-R) gene. Patients with HeFH who were receiving regular atorvastatin therapy were included in the study.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;There were no notable differences in catalase and paraoxonase (PON1) activities among the groups. However, the patient group displayed substantially higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) (P = 0.0108) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P = 0.0103). Compared to the healthy control group, serum chitotriosidase (CHITO) activity (P = 0.037) and chitinase 3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) levels (P = 0.0027) were significantly elevated in the patient group. Furthermore, the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) measurements of the patient group were significantly greater than those of the healthy group (**P &lt; 0.0001****). The patient group exhibited significantly elevated levels of 5,6-α-epoxycholesterol, Cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol (C-triol), and 7-ketocholesterol (7-KC), whereas 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) was significantly more abundant in the healthy group. On the other hand, while 27-OHC/Total cholesterol (Total-C) levels were significantly higher in healthy individuals, the C-Triol/Total-C ratio was significantly higher in patients. No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of 7-KC/Total-C and 5,6-α-epoxycholesterol/Total-C levels.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study highlights the key roles of oxysterols, oxidative stress, and macrophage activation in the development of atherosclerosis in pediatric and adolescent patients with FH. Elevated C-Triol levels in FH patients, alongside increased CIMT, point to early vascular changes despite atorvastatin therapy. In contrast, higher 27-OHC levels in healthy controls suggest differential oxysterol regulation due to cholesterol-lowering treatments in FH patients. C-Triol and 27-OHC/Total-C ratios showed potential as biomarkers to distinguish patients with FH. These findings emphasize th","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"374"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adipokines and their potential impacts on susceptibility to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetes.","authors":"Ronghui Han, Hemeng Huang, Jianyu Zhu, Xiaogao Jin, Yongyan Wang, Youhua Xu, Zhengyuan Xia","doi":"10.1186/s12944-024-02357-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-024-02357-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary artery disease has a high mortality rate and is a striking public health concern, affecting a substantial portion of the global population. On the early onset of myocardial ischemia, thrombolytic therapy and coronary revascularization could promptly restore the bloodstream and nutrient supply to the ischemic tissue, efficiently preserving less severely injured myocardium. However, the abrupt re-establishment of blood flow triggers the significant discharge of previously accumulated oxidative substances and inflammatory cytokines, leading to further harm referred to as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Diabetes significantly raises the vulnerability of the heart to I/R injury due to disrupted glucose and lipid processing, impaired insulin sensitivity and metabolic signaling, and increased inflammatory responses. Numerous studies have indicated that adipokines are crucial in the etiology and pathogenesis of obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. Adipokines such as adiponectin, adipsin, visfatin, chemerin, omentin, and apelin, which possess protective properties against inflammatory activity and insulin resistance, have been shown to confer myocardial protection in conditions such as atherosclerosis, myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial I/R injury, and diabetic complications. On the other hand, adipokines such as leptin and resistin, known for their pro-inflammatory characteristics, have been linked to elevated cardiac lipid deposition, insulin resistance, and fibrosis. Meteorin-like (metrnl) exhibits opposite effects in various pathological conditions. However, the data on adipokines in myocardial I/R, especially in diabetes, is still incomplete and controversial. This review focuses on recent research regarding the categorization and function of adipokines in the heart muscle, and the identification of different signaling pathways involved in myocardial I/R injury under diabetic conditions, aiming to facilitate the exploration of therapeutic strategies against myocardial I/R injury in diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of plasma homocysteine with cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a cross-sectional study in northwest China.","authors":"Jiangwei Qiu, Xiaolong Yang, Qingan Wang, Xiaoling Yang, Shengchao Ma, Jiaxing Zhang, Wanlu Liu, Xiaoxia Li, Kexin Chen, Kai Wang, Huiping Zhang, Yuhong Zhang, Yi Zhao, Yideng Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-024-02359-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-024-02359-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels have been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD), but their association with cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the baseline survey of the China Northwest Cohort-Ningxia Project (CNC-NX) were used to recruit 22,566 participants. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and laboratory exam results were collected. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between Hcy levels and CMM risk. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) explored potential non-linear relationships, and subgroup analyses assessed the consistency of the association across distinct groups. Sensitivity analysis accounted for cluster variability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis included 18,126 participants. Higher Hcy levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of CMM (adjusted OR = 1.005, P = 0.003), with a linear relationship confirmed by RCS analysis (P for non-linearity = 0.142). There was a stronger association between Hcy-CMM in high-risk people, including elderly, males, and those with high BMI (P < 0.05). No significant association was observed between Hcy levels and more severe types of CMM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated Hcy levels are correlated with an increased risk of CMM, warranting further investigation into the underlying mechanisms and potential interventions. Given the individual differences in the Hcy-CMM relationship, targeted comprehensive interventions for high-risk groups are necessary to reduce the risk of CMM.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11555799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ketogenesis promotes triple-negative breast cancer metastasis via calpastatin β-hydroxybutyrylation.","authors":"Haoran Jiang, Yuan Zeng, Xiaoye Yuan, Liwen Chen, Xuni Xu, Xue Jiang, Quan Li, Gang Li, Han Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-024-02364-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-024-02364-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) continues to pose a significant obstacle in the field of oncology. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism, notably upregulated ketogenesis, has emerged as a hallmark of TNBC, yet its role in metastasis has been elusive. Here, by utilizing clinical specimens and experimental models, the study demonstrates that increased ketogenesis fosters TNBC metastasis by promoting the up-regulation of β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB), a key ketone body. Mechanistically, β-OHB facilitates β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) of Calpastatin (CAST), an endogenous calpain (CAPN) inhibitor, at K43, blocking the interaction with CAPN and subsequently promoting FAK phosphorylation and epithelial‒mesenchymal transition (EMT). In conclusion, the study reveals a novel regulatory axis linking ketogenesis to TNBC metastasis, shedding light on the intricate interplay between metabolic reprogramming and tumor progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11555945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NAT10 promotes liver lipogenesis in mouse through N4-acetylcytidine modification of Srebf1 and Scap mRNA.","authors":"Zhouqi Wang, Xinxing Wan, Md Asaduzzaman Khan, Lin Peng, Xiaoying Sun, Xuan Yi, Ke Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12944-024-02360-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-024-02360-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), closely linked to excessive lipogenesis, induces chronic liver disease. MASLD often cause other metabolic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. However, the mechanism of N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10)-mediated N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) mRNA modification in lipogenesis of MASLD has not been fully elucidated. This study investigated the role of NAT10 in lipogenesis targeting mRNA ac4C modification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expression of NAT10 in mouse liver was assessed after a 12-week high-fat diet. In addition, the expression of NAT10 also was detected after AML12 hepatocytes cells were treated with 150 µmol/L palmitic acid (PA). The ac4C mRNA modification was performed by dot blotting. Oil red O staining and the mRNA expression of Srebf1, Acaca and Fasn were used to assess lipogenesis in AML12 cells with NAT10 overexpression or knockdown. acRIP-PCR and NAT10 RIP-PCR were used to verify the Srebf1 and Scap mRNA ac4C modification by NAT10. Furthermore, the liver lipogenesis was evaluated by AAV-mediated target knockdown of NAT10 in mouse liver and treating a specific inhibitor, Remodelin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study revealed that NAT10 is significantly upregulated in liver lipogenesis after a 12-week high-fat diet. NAT10 and ac4C mRNA modification were also drastically increased in AML12 cells after treated with 150 µmol/L PA. Silencing of NAT10 notably inhibited the lipogenesis in AML12 cells and AAV-mediated target knockdown of NAT10 in mouse liver. The acRIP-PCR and NAT10-RIP-PCR revealed that NAT10 ac4C modified Srebf1 and Scap mRNA, the critical modulator of liver lipogenesis, to regulate liver lipogenesis. Besides, Remodelin strongly inhibited liver lipogenesis, including liver TG, serum ALT, AST, TG and TC level and glucose metabolism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NAT10 mediates ac4C modification of Srebf1 and Scap mRNA, thereby affecting lipogenesis in the liver. This study provided a new target for the treatment of MASLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"368"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11552140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From gene to therapy: a review of deciphering the role of ABCD1 in combating X-Linked adrenoleukodystrophy.","authors":"Xinxin Zuo, Zeyu Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12944-024-02361-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-024-02361-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a severe genetic disorder caused by ABCD1 mutations, resulting in the buildup of very-long-chain fatty acids, leading to significant neurological decline and adrenal insufficiency. Despite advancements in understanding the mechanisms of X-ALD, its pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, complicating the development of effective treatments. This review provides a comprehensive overview of X-ALD, with a focus on the genetic and biochemical roles of ABCD1 and the impacts of its mutations. Current therapeutic approaches are evaluated, discussing their limitations, and emphasizing the need to fully elucidate the pathogenesis of X-ALD. Additionally, this review highlights the importance of international collaboration to enhance systematic data collection and advance biomarker discovery, ultimately improving patient outcomes with X-ALD.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"369"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11552335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An equation for calculating small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.","authors":"Tianjiao Han, Zhe Piao, Zhiguo Yu, Wanqi Xu, Xiaofeng Cui","doi":"10.1186/s12944-024-02345-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-024-02345-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C), as an emerging atherogenic factor of cardiovascular diseases, requires additional tests. We aimed to establish a sdLDL-C equation using standard lipid profile and evaluate its capacity of identifying the residual cardiovascular risk beyond LDL-C and apolipoprotein B (ApoB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 25 435 participants from Health Management Cohort and 11 628 participants from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to construct and evaluate the sdLDL-C equation by least-squares regression model. The equation for sdLDL-C depended on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and an interaction term between LDL-C and the natural log of triglycerides (TG).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The modified equation (sdLDL-C = 0.14*ln(TG)*LDL-C - 0.45*LDL-C + 10.88) was more accurate than the original equation in validation set (slope = 0.783 vs. 0.776, MAD = 5.228 vs. 5.396). Using the 80th percentile (50 mg/dL) as a risk-enhancer rule for sdLDL-C, accuracy of the modified equation was higher than the original equation in validation set (90.47% vs. 89.73%). The estimated sdLDL-C identified an additional proportion of high-risk individuals in BHMC (4.93%) and CHARLS (1.84%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The newly developed equation in our study provided an accurate tool for estimating sdLDL-C level among the Chinese population as a potential cardiovascular risk-enhancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"23 1","pages":"366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11545943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142623189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}