Lipids in Health and Disease最新文献

{"title":"Association between triglyceride-glucose index trajectories and in-hospital mortality in sepsis: a cohort study based on the MIMIC-IV database.","authors":"Fengwei Yao, Lei Liu, Xiaolan Chen, Zhijun He","doi":"10.1186/s12944-025-02743-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-025-02743-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sepsis remains a major challenge in critical care medicine, characterized by high incidence and mortality rates that severely threaten patient prognosis. Insulin resistance (IR) plays a pivotal role in the metabolic disturbances and adverse outcomes associated with sepsis. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, as a readily attainable surrogate diagnostic for IR, has been frequently employed in clinical studies. The relationship between the TyG index's dynamic trajectories and clinical outcomes is yet unknown, though, as prior research has mostly assessed the index at a single time point.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included ICU patients with sepsis, identified according to the Sepsis-3 criteria, from the MIMIC-IV database (2008-2019). Eligible participants were those aged ≥ 18 years, with first ICU admission, at least three venous blood glucose measurements, and at least one triglyceride measurement. The latent class mixed model (LCMM) was applied to classify dynamic trajectories of the TyG index within the first 72 h of ICU stay. LASSO and Boruta algorithms were jointly used for covariate selection. Subgroup and interaction analyses were conducted in addition to multivariable logistic regression to evaluate the relationship between various TyG trajectories and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3,555 sepsis patients were included. Trajectory analysis identified five distinct TyG dynamic patterns. Using the \"persistently low\" group as the reference, the fully adjusted model showed that the \"increase-then-decrease\" (OR = 2.61, 95% CI: 1.64-4.16), \"decrease-then-increase\" (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.01-2.13), and \"stable moderate\" (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.01-1.50) groups had significantly higher risks of in-hospital mortality. Subgroup analyses indicated that these associations were robust across most clinical strata.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TyG index exhibits substantial dynamic heterogeneity among ICU patients with sepsis. Certain abnormal trajectories (such as \"increase-then-decrease\", \"decrease-then-increase\", and \"stable moderate\") are associated with a markedly increased risk of in-hospital mortality. TyG trajectory analysis may provide a novel tool for risk stratification and individualized management in sepsis patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"24 1","pages":"297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index (CTI) as a predictor of mortality and hospital stay in critically ill patients: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Huijian Wang, Longlong Hu, Yang Chen, Huabin He, Yijun Huang, Ruyi Tao, Shiyuan Li, Renqiang Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-025-02739-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-025-02739-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Population aging has increased the demand for intensive care, with critically ill patients facing high mortality and prolonged hospital stays. New biomarkers are needed to predict outcomes early. The C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index (CTI) integrates insulin resistance and inflammation, but its Link to outcomes in critically ill patients is unknown. This study aims to investigate the association between CTI and 30-day and 365-day all-cause mortality and length of hospital stay in critically ill patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study utilized data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database, including 2,428 ICU patients admitted from 2008 to 2022. The primary outcomes were 30-day and 365-day all-cause mortality, while secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay and ICU stay. CTI was calculated based on biochemical data (CRP, triglycerides, and glucose). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Cox regression models, and mediation analysis were employed to assess the relationship between CTI and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher CTI levels were associated with increased all-cause mortality at both 30 days (HR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.31-2.52, P < 0.001 for the highest quartile) and 365 days (HR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.43-2.28, P < 0.001 for the highest quartile). CTI exhibited a Linear relationship with mortality, with each unit increase in CTI corresponding to a 25% increase in 30-day mortality and a 26% increase in 365-day mortality. Nutritional risk, assessed by the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) levels, significantly mediated the association between CTI and mortality, with a stronger effect observed in long-term outcomes. Furthermore, CTI outperformed the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and C-reactive protein (CRP) in predicting mortality, and the results remained consistent after adjusting for baseline severity scores. Additionally, higher CTI levels were associated with longer hospital and ICU stays (β = 0.44 days and β = 0.22 days, respectively, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CTI is a robust predictor of mortality and hospital stay duration in critically ill patients, integrating the effects of insulin resistance and inflammation. Nutritional risk plays a significant mediating role in the association between CTI and mortality, particularly in long-term outcomes. CTI may serve as a valuable tool for early risk stratification and clinical decision-making in the ICU setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"24 1","pages":"299"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12481762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of cell-surface activation markers on human CD15⁺ cells after selected non esterified fatty acid supplementations.","authors":"A N Hunt, R Cusack, M P W Grocott, G Koster, A D Postle, A Dushianthan","doi":"10.1186/s12944-025-02729-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-025-02729-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"24 1","pages":"293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The burden of NAFLD (now referred to as MASLD)-related chronic liver disease and cirrhosis from 1990 to 2021 with projections to 2036: a comparative study of global China the United States and India.","authors":"Juanjuan Zeng, Changhao Gu, Congle Wen, Chenchen Shen","doi":"10.1186/s12944-025-02750-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-025-02750-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) poses a significant and growing global health challenge. This study leverages the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database to analyze the epidemiology of NAFLD (Now Referred to as MASLD)-related chronic Liver disease and cirrhosis across China, the United States, India, and globally from 1990 to 2021.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Using publicly available GBD data, we applied advanced analytical techniques-including age-period-cohort modeling, decomposition analysis, health inequality assessment (Slope Index of Inequality), Joinpoint regression, and Bayesian modeling-to assess disease burden patterns across regions and disease stages.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Significant national variations exist in NAFLD (Now Referred to as MASLD)-attributable Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and mortality burden. India bears the highest global burden among the three nations studied, which collectively accounted for 33.2% of global NAFLD (Now Referred to as MASLD) DALYs and 34.7% of global NAFLD (Now Referred to as MASLD)-related deaths. China reported the highest number of prevalent cases and annual incident cases globally; together, these three nations represented 41.5% of global NAFLD (Now Referred to as MASLD) prevalence and 39.8% of new cases. Analysis of the Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) revealed an increasing burden trend in the US and India. In contrast, China exhibited a significant decreasing trend. Burden measures (DALYs, deaths) progressively escalated with age, peaking within the 55-59 and 65-69-year age groups, respectively, before declining. Pronounced sex disparities were observed: males consistently exhibited higher DALYs and deaths before peak ages, yet females surpassed males in burden after 60-64 years. Notably, the US exhibited an exceptional pattern where females demonstrated significantly higher DALYs and mortality across all age groups. Forecasting models suggest increasing Age-Standardized Rates (ASRs) related to burden in China for both sexes. Regarding sex-specific trajectory changes, projections indicate a slight increase in US female burden, while Indian males show a significant upward trend. Decomposition analysis identified population aging and growth as primary drivers of increasing cirrhosis burden, with aging predominantly influencing China's trajectory and epidemiologic dynamics exerting strong protective effects. Analysis of health inequalities indicated widening disparities across geographic locations between 1990 and 2021.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The global burden of NAFLD (Now Referred to as MASLD) -related disease is shaped by multifaceted factors-population aging, evolving epidemiologic dynamics, and socioeconomic disparities. While some regions exhibit declining DALYs and mortality, others (notably India and the US) face escalating burdens. Addressing these challenges necessitates tailo","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"24 1","pages":"298"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between serum triglyceride levels and venous thrombosis risk in older Chinese patients with fractures: a retrospective cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ya-Qin Gong, Shao-Han Guo, Zhou-Hang Liu, Jian Xu, Cong Wang, Lei-You Zhou, Jian Jin, Chong Li, Ke Lu","doi":"10.1186/s12944-025-02700-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-025-02700-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"24 1","pages":"290"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between dyslipidemia and intervertebral disc degeneration: a prospective cohort study based on the UK biobank.","authors":"Wangim Choi, Bo Gao, Jianan Chen, Tongzhou Liang, Wenjun Hu, Zaoqiang Zhang, Nianchun Liao, Huihong Shi, Song Liu, Yanbo Chen, Youxi Lin, Zhihuai Deng, Dongsheng Huang, Xianjian Qiu, Peijie Shi, Wenjie Gao","doi":"10.1186/s12944-025-02687-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-025-02687-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a progressive and debilitating condition associated with aging, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. Although dyslipidemia has been implicated in IDD pathogenesis, large-scale prospective evidence remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the observational association between serum lipid traits and IDD risk using data from the UK Biobank.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study was conducted among 298,226 participants (aged 37-73 years; 54.2% female, n = 161,770) without IDD at baseline. Serum lipid levels, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A (Apo A) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B), were measured at enrollment. IDD cases were identified via ICD-10 codes. Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, and comorbid factors, were used to assess associations between lipid levels and IDD risk. Restricted cubic spline analyses explored potential nonlinear relationships, and subgroup analyses examined effect modifications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median follow-up of 12 years, 8,745 participants developed IDD. Higher levels of TC (> 5.64 mmol/L) and TG (> 1.51 mmol/L) were significantly associated with increased IDD risk. Compared with the lowest quintile, the highest TC quintile was associated with a 10.2% increased risk (HR = 1.102; 95% CI: 1.029-1.181; P = 0.006), and the highest TG quintile with an 11.3% increased risk (HR = 1.113; 95% CI: 1.036-1.195; P = 0.003), after full adjustment. No significant associations were found for LDL-C, HDL-C, Apo A, or Apo B after multivariable adjustment (all P > 0.05). Subgroup analyses revealed significant interactions between age and TG (P for interaction < 0.05), with younger participants (≤ 60 years) showing a stronger association. Additionally, age modified the effects of HDL-C and Apo A. These findings provide observational evidence that lipid traits may be differentially associated with IDD risk across age groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher TC and TG levels were associated with increased IDD risk. These findings provide observational evidence for the role of lipid levels in stratifying IDD risk. Routine lipid screening may help identify high-risk individuals and guide early prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"24 1","pages":"288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise effects on the link between inflammation, metabolic health and hyperuricemia: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Huijing He, Chunjun Li, Li Zhang, Fenghua Guo, Mianzhi Zhang, Congfang Guo, Qiaolu Cheng, Yirui Guo, Minying Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12944-025-02713-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-025-02713-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adiposity, insulin resistance, and lipid metabolism abnormalities are established risk factors for hyperuricemia; however, the impact of exercise on these factors remains unclear. Moreover, there is a lack of prospective data regarding the predictive value of these risk factors concerning the timing of hyperuricemia onset.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From 2017 to 2023, data were prospectively collected from annual health checkups and questionnaires. The primary outcome was the incidence of hyperuricemia, stratified into early-onset (age < 40 years) and late-onset (age > 60). Key predictive indicators included the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR), triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), and body mass index (BMI). The effects of various exercise types on these indicators were analyzed using multivariate quantile regression models. Cox regression analyses were conducted to assess the hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of these inflammation and metabolic indictors on hyperuricemia risk. Mediation analyses were performed to explore the roles of these indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 23,534 participants free of hyperuricemia at baseline, 2,555 developed hyperuricemia. Regular exercise was linked to lower inflammation and metabolic indicators, particularly in their higher quantiles. SIRI, BMI, NHHR, and TyG were associated with increased hyperuricemia risk (log-rank p < 0.001), with stronger effect in the early-onset group. For early-onset hyperuricemia, HRs of the highest quantile (Q4) for NHHR, TyG, and BMI > 30 were 1.64 (95% CI, 1.27-2.12), 1.70 (1.32-2.29), and 1.84 (1.29-2.63), respectively. SIRI and SII at Q3 also indicated increased risk. NHHR mediated 5.63% of the overweight/obesity effect on overall hyperuricemia, increasing to 10.86% in early-onset cases, while TyG mediated 12.01%, which was similar to the early-onset group (11.85%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher systemic inflammation, adiposity, and impaired lipid and glucose metabolism significantly increase hyperuricemia risk, particularly in early-onset cases. Exercise as interventions may reduce the levels of these risk factors, especially among individuals in higher quantiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"24 1","pages":"289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood omega-3 fatty acids and coronary artery stenosis: a postmortem study.","authors":"Brad Randall, Aleksa Leković, Slobodan Nikolić, William S Harris","doi":"10.1186/s12944-025-02697-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-025-02697-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of omega-3 fatty acids in the atherosclerotic process remains unclear. Early studies demonstrated a profound anti-atherogenic effect of cod liver oil in a pig model, and autopsy reports from Alaska Natives consuming omega-3 rich diets have supported this hypothesis, but meta-analyses of omega-3 randomized trials have produced mixed results vis-à-vis cardiovascular disease. The present study was undertaken to examine the relationship between post-mortem blood omega-3 levels and maximal stenosis of the coronary arteries at autopsy. Blood was collected from the femoral artery of 112 sequential fatalities and analyzed for fatty acid composition. The erythrocyte EPA + DHA level (the omega-3 index) was found to have degraded compared to levels in 30 living controls, but the ratio of Arachidonic Acid (AA) to EPA was unaffected, thus it was used as a biomarker of omega-3 status. We found no association between the maximal coronary artery stenosis and the AA: EPA ratio. The omega-3 index estimated from the AA: EPA ratio in the cases was 2.1%, one of the lowest mean values for any population yet tested. Thus, the lack of association between omega-3 status and coronary atherosclerosis may be due to the very low omega-3 index in this cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"24 1","pages":"287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal muscle alterations in type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without dyslipidemia.","authors":"Safak Yigit, Busra Ulker Eksi, Ilhan Satman, Damla Korkmaz Dayican, Fulya Calikoglu, Humeyra Rekali Sahin, Francesco Perone, Buket Akinci","doi":"10.1186/s12944-025-02701-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-025-02701-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"24 1","pages":"285"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culturally adapted hypocaloric diet improves hepatic steatosis, inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers in Egyptian MASLD patients: a single-arm interventional study.","authors":"Mohamed Mahmoud Elhoseeny, Fatma Rageh, Nadia Bakry, Rasha Elgamal, Samar S Ahmed, Samar M Rezk, Amira A A Othman","doi":"10.1186/s12944-025-02710-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12944-025-02710-7","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a growing public health challenge in Egypt, driven by westernized dietary patterns, urbanization, and physical inactivity. Despite lifestyle intervention being the first-line management, data on structured hypocaloric diets tailored to Egyptian patients remain limited, particularly regarding their effects on hepatic steatosis, inflammatory pathways, and oxidative stress biomarkers. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a culturally adapted 6-month hypocaloric diet on hepatic fat reduction, metabolic parameters, inflammatory-oxidative biomarkers, and lifestyle factors in Egyptian MASLD patients, with additional exploration of weight-independent mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this single-center interventional trial, 30 newly diagnosed MASLD patients received a personalized hypocaloric diet (500-1000 kcal/day deficit). Outcomes measured at baseline and post-intervention included anthropometrics, liver enzymes, metabolic profile, hepatic steatosis (CAP score), inflammatory markers (TNF-α, MDA), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT), and lifestyle behaviors (physical activity, sleep). Advanced statistical analyses included effect size estimation, multivariate regression, mediation analysis, and subgroup comparisons (lean vs. obese MASLD).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;After 6 months, patients achieved significant reductions in weight (- 10.9 kg), BMI (- 3.9 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;), and CAP score (- 89.5 dB/m) (all P &lt; 0.001). Liver enzymes improved significantly, with ALT decreasing by - 22.2 U/L and AST by - 21.3 U/L (both P &lt; 0.001). TNF-α (- 88.2 pg/mL, baseline 166.1 pg/mL) and MDA (- 1.1 nmol/mL, baseline 2.7 nmol/mL) decreased markedly, with large effect sizes (CAP: d = 1.9; TNF-α: d = 2.1; MDA: d = 1.4). Antioxidant biomarkers improved significantly, with SOD increasing by 209% (d = 1.8) and CAT by 48.5% (d = 1.2) (both P &lt; 0.001). Although BMI and weight loss were strongly associated with hepatic fat reduction, TNF-α reduction remained an independent predictor of CAP improvement (β = 0.31, P = 0.02), mediating 32% of the diet's effect after adjusting for BMI. Patients achieving ≥ 5% weight loss were 4.2 times more likely to experience ≥ 10% CAP score reduction. Lean MASLD patients (n = 6) exhibited greater improvements in hepatic fat and inflammation despite less weight loss; however, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to the small subgroup size. Dietary adherence strongly correlated with CAP reduction (r = - 0.71, P &lt; 0.001) and antioxidant gains.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;A culturally tailored hypocaloric diet effectively improved hepatic steatosis, inflammatory status, and antioxidant capacity in Egyptian MASLD patients. These improvements were partially weight-independent and partially mediated by anti-inflammatory responses. These findings support hypocaloric dietary strategies as a potentially ","PeriodicalId":18073,"journal":{"name":"Lipids in Health and Disease","volume":"24 1","pages":"286"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}