Light-Science & Applications最新文献

Water-insensitive NIR-I-to-NIR-I down-shifting nanoparticles enable stable biomarker detection at low power thresholds in opaque aqueous environments 对水不敏感的NIR-I-to-NIR-I下移纳米颗粒能够在不透明的水环境中以低功率阈值稳定地检测生物标志物

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01882-2

Dongkyu Kang, Suyeon Kim, Yeongchang Goh, Minseo Kim, Sun-Hak Lee, Jung-Hoon Kwon, Sang Hwan Nam, Joonseok Lee

{"title":"Water-insensitive NIR-I-to-NIR-I down-shifting nanoparticles enable stable biomarker detection at low power thresholds in opaque aqueous environments","authors":"Dongkyu Kang, Suyeon Kim, Yeongchang Goh, Minseo Kim, Sun-Hak Lee, Jung-Hoon Kwon, Sang Hwan Nam, Joonseok Lee","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01882-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01882-2","url":null,"abstract":"Luminescence quenching in aqueous environments poses a challenge for practical applications. Lanthanide-doped up-conversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), representative of near-infrared (NIR)-emitting phosphors, typically utilize Yb3+ ions as sensitizers, requiring 980 nm light. This wavelength coincides with the transitions of water molecules, interfering with population dynamics, and continuous irradiation causes unintended heating. Although Nd3+ ions, which absorb at 800 nm, serve as alternative sensitizers, their practical use is limited by low quantum yield (Q.Y.). In this study, we developed water-insensitive down-shifting nanoparticles (WINPs) functioning within the NIR-I range (700–900 nm) to avoid water interference. Characterization through single-particle-level spectroscopy demonstrated water-insensitive properties, with identical powers density and lifetime profiles under both dry and water conditions. The WINPs achieved a high Q.Y. of 22.1 ± 0.9%, allowing operation at a detection limit power 15-fold lower than UCNPs, effectively eliminating background noise and enhancing overall performance. To assess diagnostic potential, we validated WINP-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) for detecting avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in 65 opaque clinical samples, achieving 100% sensitivity and an area under the curve (AUC) of 1.000 at only 100 mW cm−2. These findings highlight the potential of WINPs as water-insensitive NIR phosphors that can operate at low power, even in water-rich environments.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Array detection enables large localization range for simple and robust MINFLUX 阵列检测可以实现简单而强大的MINFLUX的大定位范围

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01883-1

Eli Slenders, Sanket Patil, Marcus Oliver Held, Alessandro Zunino, Giuseppe Vicidomini

{"title":"Array detection enables large localization range for simple and robust MINFLUX","authors":"Eli Slenders, Sanket Patil, Marcus Oliver Held, Alessandro Zunino, Giuseppe Vicidomini","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01883-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01883-1","url":null,"abstract":"The MINFLUX concept significantly improves the localization properties of single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) by overcoming the limit imposed by the fluorophore’s photon counts. Typical MINFLUX microscopes localize the target molecule by scanning a zero-intensity focus around the molecule in a circular trajectory, with smaller trajectory diameters yielding better localization uncertainties for a given number of photons. Since this approach requires the molecule to be within the scanned trajectory, MINFLUX typically relies on an iterative scheme with decreasing trajectory diameters. This iterative approach is prone to misplacements of the trajectory and increases the system’s complexity. In this work, we introduce ISM-FLUX, a novel implementation of MINFLUX using image-scanning microscopy (ISM) with a single-photon avalanche diode array detector. ISM-FLUX provides a precise MINFLUX localization within the trajectory while maintaining a conventional photon-limited uncertainty outside it. The robustness of ISM-FLUX localization results in a larger localization range and greatly simplifies the architecture, which may facilitate broader adoption of MINFLUX.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Terabits without fibres 没有光纤的太比特

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01921-y

Zhenyu Xie, Qi-Fan Yang

引用次数: 0

Light People: Prof. Lei Zhou spoke about metasurfaces 光人：周磊教授谈到了超表面

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01893-z

Chenzi Guo

引用次数: 0

From genotype to phenotype: decoding mutations in blasts by holo-tomographic flow cytometry 从基因型到表型：用全息层析流式细胞术解码突变

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01913-y

Daniele Pirone, Concetta Di Natale, Maria Di Summa, Nicola Mosca, Giusy Giugliano, Michela Schiavo, Daniele Florio, Daniela Marasco, Pier Luca Maffettone, Lisa Miccio, Pasquale Memmolo, Pietro Ferraro

{"title":"From genotype to phenotype: decoding mutations in blasts by holo-tomographic flow cytometry","authors":"Daniele Pirone, Concetta Di Natale, Maria Di Summa, Nicola Mosca, Giusy Giugliano, Michela Schiavo, Daniele Florio, Daniela Marasco, Pier Luca Maffettone, Lisa Miccio, Pasquale Memmolo, Pietro Ferraro","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01913-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01913-y","url":null,"abstract":"Cup-like nuclear morphological alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts have been widely correlated with Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) mutations. NPM1-mutated AML has earned recognition as a distinct entity among myeloid tumors, but the absence of a thoroughly established tool for its morphological analysis remains a notable gap. Holographic tomography (HT) can offer a label-free solution for quantitatively assessing the 3D shape of the nucleus based on the volumetric variations of its refractive indices (RIs). However, traditional HT methods analyze adherent cells in a 2D layer, leading to non-isotropic reconstructions due to missing cone artifacts. Here we show for the first time that holo-tomographic flow cytometry (HTFC) achieves quantitative specificity and precise capture of the nucleus volumetric shape in AML cells in suspension. To retrieve nucleus specificity in label-free RI tomograms of flowing AML cells, we conceive and demonstrate in a real-world clinical case a novel strategy for segmenting 3D concave nuclei. This method implies that the correlation between the “phenotype” and “genotype” of nuclei is demonstrated through HTFC by creating a challenging link not yet explored between the aberrant morphological features of AML nuclei and NPM1 mutations. We conduct an ensemble-level statistical characterization of NPM1-wild type and NPM1-mutated blasts to discern their complex morphological and biophysical variances. Our findings suggest that characterizing cup-like nuclei in NPM1-related AML cells by HTFC may enhance the diagnostic approach for these tumors. Furthermore, we integrate virtual reality to provide an immersive fruition of morphological changes in AML cells within a true 3D environment.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Near-infrared light activatable chemically induced CRISPR system 近红外光可激活化学诱导CRISPR系统

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01917-8

Lei Zhang, Xuejun Zhang, Le Qiu, Song Mao, Jia Sheng, Liming Chen, Umar Khan, Paul K. Upputuri, Yuri N. Zakharov, Mark F. Coughlan, Lev T. Perelman

{"title":"Near-infrared light activatable chemically induced CRISPR system","authors":"Lei Zhang, Xuejun Zhang, Le Qiu, Song Mao, Jia Sheng, Liming Chen, Umar Khan, Paul K. Upputuri, Yuri N. Zakharov, Mark F. Coughlan, Lev T. Perelman","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01917-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01917-8","url":null,"abstract":"The biggest challenge in using CRISPR technologies, which limits their widespread application in medicine, is off-target effects. These effects could, in principle, be minimized by ensuring that CRISPR is activated primarily in the targeted cells, thereby reducing the likelihood of unintended genetic modifications in non-target tissues. Therefore, the development of a light activatable CRISPR approach to dynamically control gene activation in both space and time would be highly beneficial. A drawback is that the overwhelming majority of recently introduced light activatable CRISPR systems require UV or blue light exposure, severely limiting the penetration depth of light in tissue at which CRISPR can be activated, and, in the case of UV light, raising safety concerns. A small number of systems that activate CRISPR using longer wavelengths are hindered by either slow light activation or issues related to toxicity and biocompatibility of the proposed techniques in humans. To address this, we developed a split-Cas9/dCas9 system in which activation is achieved through a near-infrared photocleavable dimerization complex. This photoactivation method can be safely used in humans in vivo, easily adapted to different split-Cas9/dCas9 systems, and enables rapid, spatially precise light activation across various cell types.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144520423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serial coherent diffraction imaging of dynamic samples based on inter-frame continuity 基于帧间连续性的动态样本连续相干衍射成像

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01860-8

Pengju Sheng, Fucai Zhang

{"title":"Serial coherent diffraction imaging of dynamic samples based on inter-frame continuity","authors":"Pengju Sheng, Fucai Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01860-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01860-8","url":null,"abstract":"Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) provides lens-free imaging with diffraction-limited resolution and has become an important imaging modality at synchrotron facilities worldwide. The performance of current CDI approaches remains limited, particularly in their ability to handle dynamic samples or achieve consistent high-quality reconstructions. Here, we propose a novel coherent imaging approach for dynamic samples, which exploits the inter-frame continuity of the sample’s local structures as an additional constraint in phasing a sequence of diffraction patterns. Our algorithm incorporates an adaptive similarity determination procedure, eliminating the requirement for invariant regions in the sample and ensuring broad applicability to diverse sample types. We demonstrated the feasibility of this technique through experiments on various dynamic samples, achieving high-fidelity reconstructions within a few hundred iterations. With the same simple setup as conventional CDI, high image quality, and the ability to separate the sample transmission from its illumination probe, our method has the potential to significantly advance X-ray imaging and electron microscopy techniques for dynamic sample analysis.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144520418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

All-on-chip reconfigurable generation of scalar and vectorial orbital angular momentum beams 全片可重构生成标量和矢量轨道角动量光束

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01899-7

Weike Zhao, Xiaolin Yi, Jieshan Huang, Ruoran Liu, Jianwei Wang, Yaocheng Shi, Yungui Ma, Andrew Forbes, Daoxin Dai

{"title":"All-on-chip reconfigurable generation of scalar and vectorial orbital angular momentum beams","authors":"Weike Zhao, Xiaolin Yi, Jieshan Huang, Ruoran Liu, Jianwei Wang, Yaocheng Shi, Yungui Ma, Andrew Forbes, Daoxin Dai","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01899-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01899-7","url":null,"abstract":"Structured light carrying angular momentum, such as spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), has been at the core of new science and applications, driving the need for compact on-chip sources. While many static on-chip solutions have been demonstrated, as well as on-chip sources of free-space modes, no architecture that is fully reconfigurable in all angular momentum states and all on-chip has so far been possible. Here we report the first all-on-chip structured light generator for the creation of both scalar and vectorial angular momentum beams, facilitated through a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) chip with a silica mode multiplexer (silica chip). We selectively stimulate six linearly-polarized (LP) modes of the silica multimode bus waveguide, precisely controlling the modal powers and phases with the SOI chip. This allows us to tailor arbitrary superpositions of the mode set thus synthesizing common cylindrical vector vortex beams as well as OAM beams of controlled spin and topological charge. Our compact structured light generator exhibits high switching speed and operates across the telecom band, paving the way for applications such as optical communication and integrated quantum technologies.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144515577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phase-pure ferroelectric quantum wells with tunable photoluminescence for multi-state optoelectronic applications 多态光电应用中具有可调谐光致发光的纯相铁电量子阱

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01874-2

Rui Sun, Yuping Jia, Bo Lai, Zhiming Shi, Mingrui Liu, Weili Yu, Ke Jiang, Shanli Zhang, Shunpeng Lv, Yang Chen, Xiaojuan Sun, Dabing Li

{"title":"Phase-pure ferroelectric quantum wells with tunable photoluminescence for multi-state optoelectronic applications","authors":"Rui Sun, Yuping Jia, Bo Lai, Zhiming Shi, Mingrui Liu, Weili Yu, Ke Jiang, Shanli Zhang, Shunpeng Lv, Yang Chen, Xiaojuan Sun, Dabing Li","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01874-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01874-2","url":null,"abstract":"Quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) metal halide perovskite (MHP) ferroelectrics, characterized by spontaneous polarization and semiconducting properties, hold promise for functional photoferroelectrics in applications such as optical storage and in-memory computing. However, typical quasi-2D perovskite films contain multiple quantum wells with random width distribution, which degrade optoelectronic properties and spontaneous polarization. Here, we introduce phase-pure quantum wells with uniform well width by incorporating the inorganic salt MnBr2, which effectively controls crystallization kinetics and restricts the nucleation of high n-phases, producing high-quality films. The resulting (BA)2CsPb2Br7 (BA = C4H9NH3) film demonstrates ferroelectric hysteresis behavior, clear in-plane ferroelectric domain switching, and a high photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE) of 88.7%. Significantly, we observed a nonvolatile, reversible in situ photoluminescence (PL) modulation of Mn2+ in this ferroelectric MHP film under an applied electric field, attributed to lattice distortion from ferroelectric polarization orientation. These findings enabled the development of a simple system comprising gallium nitride (GaN) light emitting diodes (LEDs) and ferroelectric films to implement multi-state signal encoding and a logic AND gate. This work advances the fabrication of efficient ferroelectric MHP films and highlights their potential for advanced optoelectronic applications.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144515569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient on-chip terahertz generation and detection with GaN photoconductive emitters 利用氮化镓光导发射体实现片上太赫兹的高效产生和检测

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01870-6

Can B. Uzundal, Qixin Feng, Weichen Tang, Chen Hu, Collin Sanborn, Yoseob Yoon, Sudi Chen, Jiawei Ruan, Steven G. Louie, Feng Wang

{"title":"Efficient on-chip terahertz generation and detection with GaN photoconductive emitters","authors":"Can B. Uzundal, Qixin Feng, Weichen Tang, Chen Hu, Collin Sanborn, Yoseob Yoon, Sudi Chen, Jiawei Ruan, Steven G. Louie, Feng Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01870-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01870-6","url":null,"abstract":"Photoconductive emitters for terahertz generation hold promise for highly efficient down-conversion of optical photons because it is not constrained by the Manley-Rowe relation. Existing terahertz photoconductive devices, however, faces limits in efficiency due to the semiconductor properties of commonly used GaAs materials. Here, we demonstrate that large bandgap semiconductor GaN, characterized by its high breakdown electric field, facilitates the highly efficient generation of terahertz waves in a coplanar stripline waveguide. Towards this goal, we investigated the excitonic contribution to the electro-optic response of GaN under static electric field both through experiments and first-principles calculations, revealing a robust excitonic Stark shift. Using this electro-optic effect, we developed a novel ultraviolet pump-probe spectroscopy for in-situ characterization of the terahertz electric field strength generated by the GaN photoconductive emitter. Our findings show that terahertz power scales quadratically with optical excitation power and applied electric field over a broad parameter range. We achieved an optical-to-terahertz conversion efficiency approaching 100% within the 0.03–1 THz bandwidth at the highest bias field (116 kV/cm) in our experiment. Further optimization of GaN-based terahertz generation devices could achieve even greater optical-to-terahertz conversion efficiencies.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144479075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0