Light-Science & Applications最新文献_第2页

High-speed all-optical neural networks empowered spatiotemporal mode multiplexing. 高速全光神经网络支持时空模式复用。

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02007-5

Fu Feng,Xiaolong Li,Ziyang Zhang,Jiaan Gan,Xiaocong Yuan

{"title":"High-speed all-optical neural networks empowered spatiotemporal mode multiplexing.","authors":"Fu Feng,Xiaolong Li,Ziyang Zhang,Jiaan Gan,Xiaocong Yuan","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-02007-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-02007-5","url":null,"abstract":"Orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams, characterized by a helical phase structure and phase singularity, have emerged as a powerful resource for high-capacity optical communications through mode-division multiplexing (MDM). Traditional OAM multiplexing systems operating solely in the spatial domain face significant challenges, including increased system complexity, inter-modal crosstalk, and limited scalability. Recent advances have explored hybrid multiplexing schemes combining OAM with wavelength or polarization degrees of freedom, demonstrating Pbit/s level transmission capacities. However, these systems predominantly rely on continuous-wave lasers and external modulators, which constrain their applicability in challenging environments, whereas pulsed lasers provide superior peak power, enhanced transmission robustness, and the potential for implementation of OAM lasers, which generally emit pulsed OAM beams. Here, we report an OAM-based spatiotemporal multiplexing (OAM-STM) technique that synergistically implements pulsed OAM beams with a diffractive deep neural network (D2NN) and optical fiber delay lines to project spatial mode information into the temporal domain. This approach leverages the full potential of pulsed laser sources by activating the underutilized time dimension, thereby overcoming the repetition-rate bottleneck and enhancing channel throughput. We experimentally demonstrate an OAM-based spatiotemporal demultiplexer achieving demultiplexing speed limited only by the bandwidth of the photodiode if OAM generation is fast enough. In the meantime, the architecture is intrinsically compatible with high-repetition-rate OAM sources, offering the entire system the scalability to GHz rates. This work establishes a foundational framework for high-speed, all-optical, and high-capacity OAM-STM systems, with promising implications for free-space optical communication, underwater communication links, and other complex environments.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"41 1","pages":"342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-invasive large-scale imaging of concurrent neuronal, astrocytic, and hemodynamic activity with hybrid multiplexed fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging (HyFMRI). 利用混合多路荧光和磁共振成像（HyFMRI）对并发神经元、星形细胞和血流动力学活动进行无创大规模成像。

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02003-9

Zhenyue Chen,Yi Chen,Irmak Gezginer,Qingxiang Ding,Hikari A I Yoshihara,Xosé Luís Deán-Ben,Ruiqing Ni,Daniel Razansky

{"title":"Non-invasive large-scale imaging of concurrent neuronal, astrocytic, and hemodynamic activity with hybrid multiplexed fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging (HyFMRI).","authors":"Zhenyue Chen,Yi Chen,Irmak Gezginer,Qingxiang Ding,Hikari A I Yoshihara,Xosé Luís Deán-Ben,Ruiqing Ni,Daniel Razansky","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-02003-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-02003-9","url":null,"abstract":"A critical gap currently exists in systematic understanding and experimental validation of the role of astrocytes in neurovascular coupling and their functional links with other brain cells. Despite a broad selection of functional neuroimaging tools for multi-scale brain interrogations, no methodology currently exists that can discern responses from neural and glial cells while simultaneously mapping the associated hemodynamic activity on a large scale. We present a hybrid multiplexed fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging (HyFMRI) platform for measuring neuronal and astrocytic activity registered to concurrently recorded brain-wide hemodynamic responses. It features a fiberscope-based imaging system for multichannel fluorescence and optical intrinsic signal recordings and a custom surface radiofrequency coil, which are incorporated into the bore of a preclinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. We used HyFMRI to study peripheral-stimulus-evoked brain responses in mice differentially labeled with RCaMP and GCaMP genetically-encoded calcium indicators. Stimulation-evoked neuronal responses displayed the fastest kinetics and highest activation amplitude followed by astrocytic signals and the hemodynamic responses simultaneously recorded with functional MRI. In addition, the activation traces from neurons and astrocytes exhibited high linear correlation, thus providing direct evidence of astrocytic mediation in neurovascular coupling. This newly developed capacity to capture cell-type-specific calcium signaling alongside whole-brain hemodynamics enables the simultaneous investigation of neuro-glial-vascular interactions in health and disease. HyFMRI thus expands the current neuroimaging toolbox for a wide range of studies into synaptic plasticity, neural circuitry, brain function and disorders.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"27 1","pages":"341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generation of tunable Raman soliton and dispersive wave beyond 4 μm in centimeter-length fluorotellurite fibers. 可调谐拉曼孤子和4 μm以上色散波在厘米长氟碲光纤中的产生。

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02045-z

Juan Wang,Shunbin Wang,Xiabing Zhou,Mo Liu,Hao Wu,Yu Yin,Zhipeng Qin,Guoqiang Xie,Zhenrui Li,Pengfei Wang,Yichun Liu

{"title":"Generation of tunable Raman soliton and dispersive wave beyond 4 μm in centimeter-length fluorotellurite fibers.","authors":"Juan Wang,Shunbin Wang,Xiabing Zhou,Mo Liu,Hao Wu,Yu Yin,Zhipeng Qin,Guoqiang Xie,Zhenrui Li,Pengfei Wang,Yichun Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-02045-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-02045-z","url":null,"abstract":"3-5-μm mid-infrared (MIR) ultrafast laser sources have garnered significant attention due to their critical applications in spectroscopy, environmental monitoring, and imaging. However, 4-5-μm compact fiber laser sources remain a significant technological challenge due to the lack of MIR fibers with good chemical stability, thermal stability, high nonlinearity, and low loss. Here, we develop fluorotellurite fibers based on 60TeO2-20BaF2-10AlF3-10Y2O3 (TBAY) glasses with a wide transmission window, demonstrating tunable Raman soliton and dispersive wave (DW) generation beyond 4 µm in centimeter-length fluorotellurite fibers pumped by a 3.54 μm femtosecond laser source. Fluorotellurite fibers with a loss of 0.39 dB/m were fabricated using a rod-in-tube method. The high numerical aperture (NA ~ 1.1@3.5 μm) of TBAY fibers allows the zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW) to be tuned over a wide range by varying the core diameter of the fibers. The dispersion-engineered TBAY fibers with a core diameter of 6.5 μm enabled 4584 nm Raman soliton generation, while fibers with a core diameter of 3 μm enabled 4177 nm DW generation. We conducted detailed experiments to investigate the influence of pump power and fiber length on SSFS and dispersive wave dynamics. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations based on the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation corroborate the experimental results. Our results show that TBAY fibers are promising nonlinear media for constructing compact ultrafast laser sources in the 4-5 μm wavelength range.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"61 1","pages":"340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145127095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coupled non-Hermitian skin effect with exceptional points. 耦合非厄米皮肤效应与特殊点。

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02006-6

Guo-Huai Wang,Ran Tao,Zhen-Nan Tian,Qi-Dai Chen,Xu-Lin Zhang

{"title":"Coupled non-Hermitian skin effect with exceptional points.","authors":"Guo-Huai Wang,Ran Tao,Zhen-Nan Tian,Qi-Dai Chen,Xu-Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-02006-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-02006-6","url":null,"abstract":"Non-Hermitian systems exhibit two unique hallmarks: exceptional points (EPs) and non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE). The EP arises from the interplay of multiple energy levels, marked by degeneracy in eigenvalue spectra, while the NHSE is associated with the localization feature of eigenfunctions. Due to their different origins and consequences, the interplay between the two hallmarks has drawn considerable interest. Here, we propose the concept of coupled NHSE, i.e., two non-Hermitian systems with independent NHSE are coupled together. We find that by introducing non-Hermitian losses with special symmetry, multiple pairs of EPs can appear, greatly compressing the eigenvalue spectrum and accelerating the breakdown of the coupled NHSE. In contrast, the attenuation of coupled NHSE is significantly alleviated in systems without EPs. In this sense, the EP can act as a degree of freedom to tune the NHSE and govern the non-Hermitian dynamics. The proposed concept is experimentally realized in photonic lattices with artificial gauge fields, which will bridge these two significant concepts and open avenues for non-Hermitian applications simultaneously associated with them.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"59 1","pages":"339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145127096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Future trends of display technology: micro-LEDs toward transparent, free-form, and near-eye displays. 显示技术的未来趋势：微型led向透明、自由形状和近眼显示方向发展。

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02027-1

Tae Soo Kim,Jung-El Ryu,Jinhong Park,Rih-Jia Liu,Joonghoon Choi,Jeehwan Kim,Young Joon Hong,Dong-Hwan Kim,Jiho Shin

{"title":"Future trends of display technology: micro-LEDs toward transparent, free-form, and near-eye displays.","authors":"Tae Soo Kim,Jung-El Ryu,Jinhong Park,Rih-Jia Liu,Joonghoon Choi,Jeehwan Kim,Young Joon Hong,Dong-Hwan Kim,Jiho Shin","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-02027-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-02027-1","url":null,"abstract":"Displays are one of the most indispensable electronic devices used in our daily lives. Over the past decades, display technology has evolved relentlessly, driven by innovation in materials, structures, and manufacturing processes that have enabled higher image quality, larger screen size, slimmer form factor, and novel functionalities. The display market is currently dominated by liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays, but significant investment and research efforts are being directed toward emerging self-emissive display technologies, such as micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs), as well as unconventional applications such as transparent, deformable, and near-eye displays. This review article begins with a historical background of self-emissive display technology and an overview of the recent advances in organic-, quantum dot-, perovskite-, and micro-LED displays. We then critically review the current state of micro-LED technology, including its size-dependent performance issues, different types of mass transfer technologies, backplane interconnection techniques, methods for detection/repair of defective pixels, and emerging display applications, including transparent, deformable, and virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) displays.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"75 1","pages":"335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient deep-blue LEDs based on colloidal CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets meeting the Rec.2020 standard. 基于胶体CsPbBr3纳米薄片的高效深蓝led符合Rec.2020标准。

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02019-1

Yusheng Song,Sheng Cao,Yijie Wang,Mingyan Chen,Yu Zhang,Qiuyan Li,Shulin Han,Yi Liang,Lei Cai,Jialong Zhao,Bingsuo Zou

{"title":"Efficient deep-blue LEDs based on colloidal CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets meeting the Rec.2020 standard.","authors":"Yusheng Song,Sheng Cao,Yijie Wang,Mingyan Chen,Yu Zhang,Qiuyan Li,Shulin Han,Yi Liang,Lei Cai,Jialong Zhao,Bingsuo Zou","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-02019-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-02019-1","url":null,"abstract":"Colloidally quantum-confined CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets (NPLs) exhibit narrow emission linewidths and thickness-tunable photoluminescence, making them ideal candidates for deep-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). However, the weak surface coordination of conventional long-chain ligands (e.g., oleylamine and oleic acid) leads to face-to-face stacking of the NPLs, resulting in undesirable emission redshifts in their PeLEDs. Herein, we report an efficient deep-blue PeLED based on colloidal CsPbBr3 NPLs that meet the Rec.2020 color standard, enabled by an acid-assisted ligand passivation strategy. Surface chemical analysis reveals that hydrobromic acid facilitates proton-assisted stripping of the long-chain ligands, followed by the formation of stable Pb-S-P coordination bonds with thio-tributylphosphine, which exhibits a high adsorption energy (Eads = -1.13 eV). This approach significantly improves surface defect passivation, yielding a photoluminescence quantum yield of 96% and a narrow 13 nm full-width-at-half-maximum deep-blue emission. Enhanced exciton recombination and reduced defect state density are evidenced by a prolonged photoluminescence lifetime and slower absorption bleach recovery kinetics. The resulting PeLEDs achieve record-breaking performance among CsPbBr3 NPL-based systems, with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 6.81% at 461 nm, a peak luminance of 143 cd m-2, and the CIE color coordinates (CIE-y = 0.046) that comply with Rec.2020 standards. This work presents an effective strategy for developing efficient and stable deep-blue perovskite emitters, demonstrating significant potential for the commercialization of perovskite nanomaterials in next-generation ultra-high-definition displays.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"19 1","pages":"336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Second and third harmonic generation in topological insulator-based van der Waals metamaterials. 拓扑绝缘子基范德华超材料中二次和三次谐波的产生。

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01847-5

Alessandra Di Gaspare,Sara Ghayeb Zamharir,Craig Knox,Ahmet Yagmur,Satoshi Sasaki,Mohammed Salih,Lianhe Li,Edmund H Linfield,Joshua Freeman,Miriam S Vitiello

{"title":"Second and third harmonic generation in topological insulator-based van der Waals metamaterials.","authors":"Alessandra Di Gaspare,Sara Ghayeb Zamharir,Craig Knox,Ahmet Yagmur,Satoshi Sasaki,Mohammed Salih,Lianhe Li,Edmund H Linfield,Joshua Freeman,Miriam S Vitiello","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01847-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01847-5","url":null,"abstract":"High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in solids-the frequency up-conversion of an optical signal-is governed by symmetries. At terahertz (THz) frequencies, HHG is a key technology to access high-frequency spectral windows that are usually difficult to cover using conventional solid-state laser technologies. This effect has been recently exploited in graphene, where HHG has been demonstrated, albeit only at odd multiples of the driving frequency owing to its inherent centro-symmetry. In topological insulators (TIs), the combination of spin-orbit interaction and time-reversal symmetry create an insulating bulk state with an inverted band order, inseparably connected with conducting surface states. TIs have been predicted to support unconventional high harmonic generation from the bulk and topological surface, which are usually difficult to distinguish. However, no experimental results have been reported, so far. Here, we exploit the strong optical field amplification provided by an array of single or double split ring resonators, with embedded Bi2Se3 or (InxBi(1-x))2Se3/Bi2Se3 Van der Waals heterostructures, to achieve up-conversion in the 6.4 (even)-9.7 (odd) THz frequency range. This results from bulk centro-symmetry (odd states) and symmetry breaking in the topological surface states (odd and even).","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"18 1","pages":"337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-depth switching by triple wavefront modulation of quarter-waveplate geometric phase lenses for vergence-accommodation-matching extended reality. 四分之一波片几何相位透镜的三波前调制多深度切换，用于收敛调节匹配扩展现实。

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02026-2

Jung-Yeop Shin,Jae-Won Lee,Hafiz Saad Khaliq,Erkhembaatar Dashdavaa,Munkh-Uchral Erdenebat,Min-Seok Kim,Jin-Hyeok Seo,Young-Min Cho,Hak-Rin Kim

{"title":"Multi-depth switching by triple wavefront modulation of quarter-waveplate geometric phase lenses for vergence-accommodation-matching extended reality.","authors":"Jung-Yeop Shin,Jae-Won Lee,Hafiz Saad Khaliq,Erkhembaatar Dashdavaa,Munkh-Uchral Erdenebat,Min-Seok Kim,Jin-Hyeok Seo,Young-Min Cho,Hak-Rin Kim","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-02026-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-02026-2","url":null,"abstract":"We present a novel approach to resolving the vergence-accommodation conflict (VAC) in extended reality (XR) optics by introducing a quarter-waveplate (QWP) geometric phase lens (GPL) capable of triple wavefront modulation-focusing, defocusing, and non-modulating at infinity. This polarization-driven behavior is interpreted using contour trajectories on the Poincaré sphere and compared against conventional half-waveplate (HWP) GPLs. Leveraging this property, we propose a bi-stacked QWP GPL module that enables nine distinct varifocal states through polarization-controlled input selection and output filtering. In contrast, HWP-based modules under equivalent stacking conditions are limited to four focal states. The QWP GPL module supports a compact varifocal system spanning a continuous depth range from 24.27 cm to infinity, with a 0.3-diopter interval aligned with the human visual comfort zone. Importantly, the number of representable focal depths scales as 3n for n stacked layers, offering a (1.5)n-fold improvement over the 2n scaling of HWP systems. This enables finer depth transitions using fewer lens units while retaining both compactness and optical modularity, establishing a depth-switchable imaging platform that enhances visual comfort and depth fidelity in next-generation XR display systems.","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"56 1","pages":"333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Light People | Prof. Wei Lu spoke about infrared physics. 吕伟教授讲了红外物理学。

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02012-8

Chenzi Guo,Peng Wang

引用次数: 0

Shining brightly into the future with Light: Science & Applications. 用光照亮未来：科学与应用。

Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01938-3

Xi-Cheng Zhang,Yun-Feng Xiao

引用次数: 0