Elisa Berlin Patandungan, Cori Pitoy, Nicky K Tumalun
{"title":"PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD (STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA PADA MATERI PERBANDINGAN KELAS VII SMP","authors":"Elisa Berlin Patandungan, Cori Pitoy, Nicky K Tumalun","doi":"10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1128","url":null,"abstract":"Permasalahan belajar yang dialami oleh siswa adalah kurang berkonsentrasi saat guru menerangkan materi. Guru masih kurang melibatkan siswa dalam kegiatan proses belajar mengajar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar siswa yang diajarkan dengan model STAD dan model Direct Instruction (DI) pada materi perbandingan. Survei ini dilakukan di SMPN 8 Bitung pada tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan rancangan posttest only control group design . Pemilihan sampel dipilih melalui hasil pretest dari ketiga kelas. Berdasarkan nilai pretest, kelas yang sama dan homogen adalah kelas VII A dan VII B. Melalui pengundian, kelas VII A sebagai kelas kontrol dan VII B sebagai eksperimen. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa test diakhir pertemuan. Hasil belajar diperoleh dari data hasil belajar siswa yang diperoleh dari ujian akhir (posttest) berupa test. Statistik penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji dua rata-rata (uji t) yang menunjukkan bahwa thitung=1,991 > ttabel=1,677 dengan H0 ditolak dalam uji selisih dua rata-rata (uji-t) pada taraf nyata α = 0,05. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD lebih tinggi dari rata-rata hasil belajar siswa yang diajarkan dengan model DI pada materi perbandingan","PeriodicalId":179467,"journal":{"name":"Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AN ERROR ANALYSIS OF COHESION IN ENGLISH STUDENTS’ ESSAY WRITING AT STKIP YDB LUBUK ALUNG","authors":"Julian Chandra","doi":"10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1098","url":null,"abstract":"One of the English academic writing at college is English essays. Since English essay writing is one skill that should be taught to students, English essays must be mastered by students. Although writing English essays is complete and well organized, it still has a big contribution to developing students’ writing ability. This research aims to describe the students’ errors of cohesion in students' English Essay writing at STKIP YDB Lubuk Alung. The samples of the research were students of the 3rd semester of the English Department of STKIP YDB Lubuk Alung using purposive sampling which consisted of eight students. The instrument of the research was documentation through students’ essay writing. This study explores types of cohesion that are classified into two cohesions, namely grammatical cohesion, and lexical cohesion. The grammatical cohesion involves references, substitutions, ellipses, and conjunctions. Meanwhile, lexical cohesion involves reiteration and colocation. The result of this study shows that there are 299 errors of cohesion in students’ essay writing. The errors found by grammatical cohesion are 203 and the errors of lexical cohesion are 96. Referring to the research findings, it is recommended that English writing lecturers should more attention to discussing, explaining, and analyzing all these errors to overcome the writing English essays problems dealing with grammatical cohesion and lexical cohesion.","PeriodicalId":179467,"journal":{"name":"Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134976092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN MODEL PBL BERBASIS VIDEO BONEKA INTERAKTIF PADA MATERI ZAKAT DI SEKOLAH DASAR","authors":"Winda Eprilia, Makmum Raharjo, Nurhasan Nurhasan","doi":"10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1140","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini dilakukan karena pentingnya pengetahuan tentang materi zakat sebagai salah satu rukun islam namun banyak siswa yang belum memahaminya. Selain itu pembelajaran berbasis model PBL memiliki urgensi nya tersendiri dalam mendukung terbentuknya generasi berkualitas yang memiliki keterampilan abad 21. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kebutuhan siswa terhadap model PBL berbasis media video boneka interaktif pada materi zakat di Sekolah Dasar. Metode yang diimplementasikan pada penelitian ini yakni kualitatif serta analisis data angket dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan subjek penelitian siswa dan guru kelas VI. Hasil penelitian terhadap kebutuhan 22 siswa ini menunjukkan bahwa, sebanyak 68,18% siswa mengalami kesulitan belajar materi zakat, 77,27% tidak tertarik belajar dengan metode konvensional dan 95,45% menikmati pembelajaran menggunakan media. Namun berdasarkan informasi guru, penggunaan media pembelajaran masih sangat jarang dilakukan. 100% siswa setuju jika terdapat pembelajaran model PBL berbasis video boneka interaktif pada mata pelajaran pendidikan agama islam khususnya pada materi zakat. Hal ini juga didukung guru PAI yang seharusnya mengikuti perkembangan zaman di era abad 21. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan perlu dikembangkan media pembelajaran video boneka interaktif dengan diintegrasikan dengan model PBL. Visualisasi melalui video boneka interaktif diharapkan dapat membantu mengilustrasikan konsep-konsep zakat. Penelitian ini juga dapat mendorong pengembangan lebih banyak materi pembelajaran inovatif yang menggabungkan teknologi dan pendekatan PBL untuk berbagai mata pelajaran di sekolah dasar.","PeriodicalId":179467,"journal":{"name":"Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal)","volume":"440 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134976940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RESOLUSI KONFLIK PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH DALAM PRESPEKTIF TEORI TEKNOLOGI KOMUNIKASI","authors":"Sidik Puryanto","doi":"10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1136","url":null,"abstract":"Distance learning has become a global trend in the field of education, but conflicts have emerged as a significant challenge in this context. This article outlines potential conflicts that may arise in distance learning, such as technical conflicts, physical/intellectual limitations, student-teacher relationships, student-to-student interactions, conflicts with educational institutions, as well as psychological and evaluation-related conflicts. Using the perspective of communication technology theory, this study demonstrates how communication media play a role in influencing conflicts and their resolutions. The theory of medium richness illustrates the richness of media in delivering information and facilitating interactions, which impact conflict resolution. The sociotechnical systems (STS) approach emphasizes the importance of integrating technology, humans, and the environment in addressing conflicts. The theory of media ecology (ME) illustrates how media influence individual perceptions and behaviors. Conflict resolution strategies based on communication technology theory encompass effective communication, technology training, guidelines and procedures, media monitoring, and increased social interaction. Resolving conflicts in distance learning is crucial for enhancing learning effectiveness, student motivation, student-teacher relationships, mental well-being, and the credibility of educational institutions. While technological strategies are important, human and environmental factors also play a role in preventing and resolving conflicts. In conclusion, conflict resolution strategies based on communication technology theory can assist educational institutions in creating a more positive distance learning experience for students and teachers, while considering both technological and human-environment aspects.","PeriodicalId":179467,"journal":{"name":"Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134976173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PENGARUH NILAI PADA MATA KULIAH MATEMATIKA DASAR 1 DAN MATEMATIKA DASAR 2 DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL HOTS MATEMATIKA PADA MAHASISWA PGMI UIN FATMAWATI SUKARNO BENGKULU","authors":"Reni Selpia, Rivana Puri Sagita, Apriana Cahyani","doi":"10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1054","url":null,"abstract":"Knowing the influence of PGMI students ' scores in basic mathematics 1 and basic mathematics 2 in solving HOTS problems is the purpose of this study. The type of research applied is a quantitative method by taking samples from students of PGMI UIN Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu as many as 30 students. There are 2 independent variables in this study, namely the value of basic mathematics 1 and the value of basic mathematics 2 and 1 dependent variable is the value of solving the problem HOTS. The research instruments were questionnaire of course score and test of HOTS questions in the form of multiple choice questions of 10 items. In this study, it was found that the value of basic mathematics 1 and basic mathematics 2 had a positive and significant effect on the results of solving HOTS problems with a sig. value of 0.000<0.05 and a correlation coefficient of 0.946 which is included in the high category. So that the results obtained that if the value of basic math 1 and basic math value 2 is high, then the value of solving HOTS problems is also high and vice versa.","PeriodicalId":179467,"journal":{"name":"Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PENGEMBANGAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF MATA PELAJARAN IPAS PADA KURIKULUM MERDEKA DI KELAS IV SDN 09 SITIUNG","authors":"M. Anggrayni, Suci Rahma Putri, Fitriani Fitriani","doi":"10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.995","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan video pembelajaran interaktif menggunakan aplikasi powerpoint pada pembelajaran IPAS pada Kurikulum Merdeka di kelas IV SDN 09 Sitiung. Karena hasil dari observasi serta wawancara bersama wali kelas IV bahwasan nya rendah nya rasa ketertarikan peserta didik untuk belajar, dengan adanya video pembelajaran interaktif sangat membantu meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik dengan jumlah peserta didik 8 orang. Peneliti mengembangkan penelitiaan ini menggunakan tahap-tahapan penggunaan metode Reseaarch and Development (R&D) pada model ADDIE yang memiliki langkah penting yang terdapat di dalamnya yakni : 1. Tahap analisis kebutuhan, karakteristik peserta didik, dan kurikukulum (Analyze) 2. Tahap perancangan pembelajaran (Design), 3. Tahap pengembangan yakni mengembangkan produk video dengan menguji kevalidan dengan berupa lembar angket (bahasa, isi/konstruk, dan kegrafikaan), dengan memperoleh persentase nilai akhir dari ketiga validator rata -rata 85% kategori “Sangat Valid”, 4. Tahap impelementasi melakukan uji praktikalitas, efektivitas produk kepada peserta didik dan pendidik dengan lembar anget respon pendidik serta angket respon peserta didik dengan memperoleh persentase 89% kategori”Sangat Praktis” menentukan efektivitas menggunakan angket minat belajar peserta didik setelah menonton video pembelajaran interaktif (Implementation), dengan persentase 87% kategori “Sangat Efektif” 5. Tahap evaluasi dimana tahap mengetahui revisi yang dilakukan dalam produk untuk mengembangkan pembelajaran dari semua tahap-tahap sebelumnya.
","PeriodicalId":179467,"journal":{"name":"Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal)","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TINGKAT KETERAMPILAN BERMAIN FUTSAL PEMAIN EKSTRAKURIKULER SMP KARTIKA XX-2 MAKASSAR","authors":"Suhardianto Suhardianto, Muhammad Janwar","doi":"10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1142","url":null,"abstract":"Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini belum pernah dilakukan tes keterampilan bermain futsal Pemain Ekstrakurikuler SMP Kartika XX-2 Makassar. Penelitian ini bertujuan agar mengetahui tingkat keterampilan bermain futsal peserta yang mengikuti kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pada SMP Kartika XX-2 Makassar. Penelitian ini merupakan kegiatan studi deskriptif (survei) yang dilakukan satu kali pertemuan dan terdapat beberapa tes yaitu: passing, dribbling, control, dan shooting. Data penelitian ini adalah hasil dari tes passing, dribbling, control, dan shooting yang dilakukan dua kali percobaan dengan menggunakan satuan detik. Sumber data dari penelitian ini adalah Pemain SMP Kartika XX-2 Makassar yang mengikuti kegiatan ekstrakurikuler futsal yang berjumlah 30 Pemain. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan instrumen dari sumber Agus Susworo yang meliputi: Dribbling dari post 1 sampai post 4 atau bola berhenti, Tes passing tanpa stopping 10 kali, Satu cone memutar kekiri dan satu cone memutar ke kanan membentuk angka 8, tes passing stopping sebanyak 10 kali menggunakan kaki kanan dan kaki kiri, Shooting ke gawang menggunakan satu kali kaki kanan dan satu kali kaki kiri. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pada kategori baik sekali ada 1 Pemain atau 3.3%, kategori baik 6 Pemain atau 20%, kategori cukup ada 17 Pemain atau 56,7%. Sedangkan kategori kurang dan kurang sekali masing- masing ada 3 Pemainatau 10%.","PeriodicalId":179467,"journal":{"name":"Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136238023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MODEL LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS) PADA PEMBELAJARAN PAI DI SMP ISLAM AL-AZHAR 2 JAKARTA","authors":"Auline Oktaria, Siti Khadijah, Sujiyo Miranto","doi":"10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1113","url":null,"abstract":"Masalah pada pembelajaran PAI sering dijumpai diantaranya yaitu keunggulan pembelajaran PAI masih rendah, cara mendidik orang tua, lingkungan, iklim, guru yang ketat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini Mendeskripsikan model, persiapan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi, tindak lanjut serta analisis kendala pembelajaran model LMS pada pembelajaran PAI. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang bersifat kritik-analisis dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) Pemanfaatan teknologi sangat penting untuk mendukung aktivitas pembelajaran modern; (2) Dalam merencanakan pembelajaran dengan LMS, guru membuat silabus dan RPP, menentukan, merancang metode dan media yang digunakan saat pembelajaran dengan LMS; (3) Pelaksanaan pembelajaran PAI diawali dengan salam, pembukaan oleh guru, mengecek kehadiran siswa, memberikan stimulus, memberikan materi ajar dengan mempresentasikan materi ajar dengan menggunakan LMS; (4) Dalam evaluasi terdapat penilaian afektif, kognitif dan psikomotor, dengan aplikasi pendukung seperti quizizz, video interaktif, google form, untuk UTS dan UAS menggunakan aplikasi LMS dengan soal terpadu dari Al-Azhar Pusat; (5) Tindak lanjut pembelajaran PAI diperlukan pelatihan dan sosialisasi LMS; (6) Faktor penghambat pembelajaran PAI dengan LMS: gangguan sistem LMS, gangguan jaringan internet, tampilan fitur-fitur dan notifikasi pada LMS Al-Azhar ada yang tidak sinkron, Aplikasi LMS smartphone perlu diupgrade.","PeriodicalId":179467,"journal":{"name":"Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134971891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"STRATEGI PENYUSUNAN PROGRAM BK DI MADRASAH","authors":"Tri Ulviani, Yarmis Syukur, Riska Ahmad","doi":"10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1101","url":null,"abstract":"Sebelum melaksanakan layanan, tolak ukur kinerja guru BK ketika penyusunan program BK menjadi hal yang terpenting. Hal ini dikarenakan pelayanan guru BK/ Konselor dapat terlaksana dengan tertib dan tuntas apabila guru BK/ Konselor memiliki pemahaman program yang lebih mendalam. Program BK disusun untuk memudahkan guru BK dalam melaksanakan pelayanan bimbingan dan konseling kepada peserta didik. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk memahami apa saja strategi penyusunan program BK di madrasah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah studi pustaka. Hasil penulisan ini menjelaskan bahwa guru BK/ Konselor ketika penyusunan program BK di madrasah perlu didasarkan pada pendekatan yang holistik dan komprehensif. Dalam strategi penyusunan program BK terdapat beberapa langkah pokok, yaitu 1) identifikasi kebutuhan/ analisis kebutuhan; 2) guru BK menyusun rencana kerja; 3) Kolaborasi dengan Stakeholder; 4) pelaksanaan kegiatan; 5) evaluasi dan pemantauan.","PeriodicalId":179467,"journal":{"name":"Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136026274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stavinibelia Stavinibelia, Affandy Agusman Aris, Nur Kholik, Nofriza Efendi, Ika Purnama Sari, Saman Saman, Yona Syaida Oktira
{"title":"THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING DESIGN USING ASSURE MODELS AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS","authors":"Stavinibelia Stavinibelia, Affandy Agusman Aris, Nur Kholik, Nofriza Efendi, Ika Purnama Sari, Saman Saman, Yona Syaida Oktira","doi":"10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56667/dejournal.v4i2.1117","url":null,"abstract":"Meaningful and enjoyable learning will lead students to memorable learning experiences, one of which can be achieved through learning activities that emphasize the involvement of student learning activities. The purpose of this research is to describe the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the results of learning design with the ASSURE model in elementary schools. This research is research development (research and development). The model used as the basis for developing this learning design is ASSURE. The procedure for developing this learning design is in accordance with the stages of the ASSURE development model. The test subjects in this study were fourth grade students at SDN 16 Sitiung in the odd semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. The results of this study show validity at 90% in the very valid category. The practicality of the results of the ASSURE model learning design model with a percentage of 93%. While the effectiveness of the implementation of lesson plans, activities and learning outcomes of students with a percentage of 90%. Based on the results of the study it was concluded that the learning design with the ASSURE model developed was valid, practical and effective.","PeriodicalId":179467,"journal":{"name":"Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136026634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}