Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation最新文献_第8页

Spontaneous intoxication of sheep by the pollen beetle Astylus atromaculatus: 4 outbreaks in Uruguay and Argentina. 花粉甲虫对羊的自发性中毒：在乌拉圭和阿根廷爆发的 4 次疫情。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241249180

Carolina Matto, Juan Agustín García, Juan Manuel Livio, Víctor Rodríguez, Edgardo Gianneechini, Federico Giannitti, Carmen García Y Santos, Ana Cecilia Corro, Fernando Dutra, Francisco A Uzal

{"title":"Spontaneous intoxication of sheep by the pollen beetle Astylus atromaculatus: 4 outbreaks in Uruguay and Argentina.","authors":"Carolina Matto, Juan Agustín García, Juan Manuel Livio, Víctor Rodríguez, Edgardo Gianneechini, Federico Giannitti, Carmen García Y Santos, Ana Cecilia Corro, Fernando Dutra, Francisco A Uzal","doi":"10.1177/10406387241249180","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387241249180","url":null,"abstract":"Astylus atromaculatus Blanchard is a native beetle of South America that feeds on pollen. During the summer of 2022-2023 in Argentina and Uruguay, an explosive infestation of these insects occurred in pastures in which ruminants were grazing. This was believed to be associated with a severe drought, which had significantly reduced the flowering of crops. Three farms in Uruguay and one in Argentina were visited to examine the flocks and perform autopsies. Affected sheep had watery diarrhea, anorexia, depression, and ruminal atony. The average morbidity, mortality, and case fatality rates were 7.5%, 4.3%, and 68%, respectively. The main gross findings in all animals were in the jejunum; the serosa had multifocal hemorrhages, and the mucosa was necrotic and covered by a pseudomembrane. Microscopically, the mucosa had partial-to-complete necrosis of the lamina propria, as well as loss of villus and crypt epithelium with neutrophilic infiltration. Overlying the necrotic mucosa was a pseudomembrane of fibrin, cell debris, desquamated epithelial cells, degenerate neutrophils, and bacteria. Many specimens of A. atromaculatus were in all paddocks in which sheep grazed, as well as in the ruminal content of the autopsied animals.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11185109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of genotypic and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella enterica isolates from poultry diagnostic specimens. 比较家禽诊断标本中分离出的肠炎沙门氏菌的基因型和表型抗菌药耐药性特征。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241242118

Zhenyu Shen, C Y Zhang, Tamara Gull, Shuping Zhang

{"title":"Comparison of genotypic and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella enterica isolates from poultry diagnostic specimens.","authors":"Zhenyu Shen, C Y Zhang, Tamara Gull, Shuping Zhang","doi":"10.1177/10406387241242118","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387241242118","url":null,"abstract":"The spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria is a significant concern, as it can lead to increased morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is a powerful tool that can be used to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We compared the phenotypic and genotypic AMR profiles of 97 Salmonella isolates derived from chicken and turkey diagnostic samples. We focused AMR analysis on 5 antimicrobial classes: aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, phenicol, tetracycline, and trimethoprim. The overall sensitivity and specificity of WGS in predicting phenotypic antimicrobial resistance in the Salmonella isolates were 93.4% and 99.8%, respectively. There were 16 disagreement instances, including 15 that were phenotypically resistant but genotypically susceptible; the other instance involved phenotypic susceptibility but genotypic resistance. Of the isolates examined, 67 of 97 (69%) carried at least 1 resistance gene, with 1 isolate carrying as many as 12 resistance genes. Of the 31 AMR genes analyzed, 16 were identified as aminoglycoside-resistance genes, followed by 4 beta-lactam-resistance, 3 tetracycline-resistance, 2 sulfonamide-resistance, and 1 each of fosfomycin-, quinolone-, phenicol-, trimethoprim-, bleomycin-, and colistin-resistance genes. Most of the resistance genes found were located on plasmids.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11185115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus and esophageal-proventricular junction in a yellow-naped parrot. 一只黄嘴鹦鹉的食道远端和食道-脑室交界处的腺癌。

IF 1.2 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241247282

Elizabeth S Hines, Sydney Jones, Sharman Hoppes, Lauren W Stranahan

{"title":"Adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus and esophageal-proventricular junction in a yellow-naped parrot.","authors":"Elizabeth S Hines, Sydney Jones, Sharman Hoppes, Lauren W Stranahan","doi":"10.1177/10406387241247282","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387241247282","url":null,"abstract":"A 57-y-old male yellow-naped parrot (Amazona auropalliata) was presented because of lethargy, inappetence, and weight loss. Hematology and serum biochemistry were unremarkable, and imaging revealed a mass in the distal esophagus at the coelomic inlet. The luminal diameter of the esophagus was reduced in this area, and passage of ingesta was limited. Following gavage feeding, the patient died and was submitted for autopsy. At postmortem examination, the noted mass effect was a thickening of the distal esophagus with adherent, coalescing, soft, pale-tan plaques on the mucosal surface. Additional gross findings included pale-tan, opaque feed material oozing from the dorsum of the lungs and covering the cranial air sacs. Histology of the esophagus, esophageal-proventricular junction, and proximal proventriculus revealed an unencapsulated, infiltrative, transmural neoplasm that extended from the mucosal surface deep into the muscularis, almost to the adventitia. The neoplasm was composed of cuboidal cells arranged in islands and tubules, consistent with an adenocarcinoma, a rarely reported entity in the esophagus of psittacine birds and to our knowledge not reported previously at the esophageal-proventricular junction.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11185118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mycobacterium genavense granulomatous typhlocolitis in a horse. 一匹马的基因分枝杆菌肉芽肿性小肠结肠炎。

IF 1.2 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241247204

Alana J Kramer, Tais Meziara Wilson, Shune Kimura, Erin Groover, Marlene DeLeon-Carnes, Rachel L A L T Neto

引用次数: 0

Comparison of 4 laboratory tests for the detection of bovine rabies viral infection in Paraguay: fluorescent antibody test, rapid detection test, histologic lesions, and RT-PCR. 巴拉圭检测牛狂犬病病毒感染的 4 种实验室检测方法的比较：荧光抗体检测、快速检测、组织学病变和 RT-PCR。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241246712

María F Rodriguez, Rosmary Rodriguez, Antonio Rodriguez, Helena Batista, Margarita Samudio, Walter Cardozo

{"title":"Comparison of 4 laboratory tests for the detection of bovine rabies viral infection in Paraguay: fluorescent antibody test, rapid detection test, histologic lesions, and RT-PCR.","authors":"María F Rodriguez, Rosmary Rodriguez, Antonio Rodriguez, Helena Batista, Margarita Samudio, Walter Cardozo","doi":"10.1177/10406387241246712","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387241246712","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies virus (RABV; Lyssavirus rabies) is a neurotropic virus that can be transmitted to mammals by the hematophagous bat Desmodus rotundus. An accurate, accessible method for the detection of RABV in cattle is necessary in Paraguay; thus, we evaluated the detection of RABV using 4 techniques: fluorescent antibody test (FAT), immunochromatography rapid detection test (RDT; Anigen Rapid Rabies Ag test kit; Bionote), a reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) assay, and histologic lesions in different portions of the CNS of 49 Paraguayan cattle to determine the most sensitive and specific technique. By FAT and RDT, 15 of 49 (31%) samples were positive. By RT-PCR amplification of N and G genes, 13 of 49 (27%) and 12 of 49 (25%) were positive, respectively. RDT had high agreement with FAT (kappa = 1); sensitivity was 100% (95% CI: 97-100%) and specificity was 100% (95% CI: 99-100%). The amplification of the N and G genes resulted in substantial agreement (kappa of 0.9 and 0.8, respectively) compared with FAT, and the sensitivity and specificity of the N gene were 87% (95% CI: 66-100%) and 100% (95% CI: 98-100%), respectively, and those of the G gene were 80% (95% CI: 56-100%) and 100% (95% CI: 98-100%), respectively. Histologic lesions observed were lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalitis, gliosis, and neuronophagia. The agreement observed between the FAT and RDT tests suggests that RDT is an accurate tool for the detection of RABV. Histopathology can be used to confirm lesions caused by RABV and to rule out other conditions; the RT-PCR assay is useful for molecular epidemiology studies.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11185112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Canine glioma in the first year of life: 5 cases. 出生第一年的犬胶质瘤：5 个病例。

IF 1.2 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241242733

Esdras C Dos Santos, Brian A Summers, Jessica A Elbert, Doris M Miller, Daniel R Rissi

引用次数: 0

The use of telepathology in veterinary medicine: a scoping review. 远程病理学在兽医学中的应用：范围审查。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241241270

Lindsay Rogers, Angelica Galezowski, Heather Ganshorn, Dayna Goldsmith, Carolyn Legge, Katie Waine, Erin Zachar, Jennifer L Davies

{"title":"The use of telepathology in veterinary medicine: a scoping review.","authors":"Lindsay Rogers, Angelica Galezowski, Heather Ganshorn, Dayna Goldsmith, Carolyn Legge, Katie Waine, Erin Zachar, Jennifer L Davies","doi":"10.1177/10406387241241270","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387241241270","url":null,"abstract":"Telepathology, as a subset of teleconsulting, is pathology interpretation performed at a distance. Telepathology is not a new phenomenon, but since ~2015, significant advances in information technology and telecommunications coupled with the pandemic have led to unprecedented sophistication, accessibility, and use of telepathology in human and veterinary medicine. Furthermore, telepathology can connect veterinary practices to distant laboratories and provide support for underserved animals and communities. Through our scoping review, we provide an overview of how telepathology is being used in veterinary medicine, identify gaps in the literature, and highlight future areas of research and service development. We searched MEDLINE, CAB Abstracts, and the gray literature, and included all relevant literature. Despite the widespread use of digital microscopy in large veterinary diagnostic laboratories, we identified a paucity of literature describing the use of telepathology in veterinary medicine, with a significant gap in studies addressing the validation of whole-slide imaging for primary diagnosis. Underutilization of telepathology to support postmortem examinations conducted in the field was also identified, which indicates a potential area for service development. The use of telepathology is increasing in veterinary medicine, and pathologists must keep pace with the changing technology, ensure the validation of innovative technologies, and identify novel uses to advance the profession.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11185107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of formalin-fixation and paraffin-embedded tissue storage times on RNAscope in situ hybridization signal amplification. 福尔马林固定和石蜡包埋组织储存时间对 RNAscope 原位杂交信号放大的影响。

IF 1.2 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241245777

Megan E Colburn, Martha A Delaney, Gretchen C Anchor, Karen A Terio

{"title":"Effect of formalin-fixation and paraffin-embedded tissue storage times on RNAscope in situ hybridization signal amplification.","authors":"Megan E Colburn, Martha A Delaney, Gretchen C Anchor, Karen A Terio","doi":"10.1177/10406387241245777","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387241245777","url":null,"abstract":"RNAscope in situ hybridization (ISH) detects target RNA in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. Protocols suggest that prolonged FFPE storage and formalin fixation may impact signal detection, potentially limiting the utility of RNAscope ISH in retrospective studies. To develop parameters for RNAscope use with archived specimens, we evaluated the effect of formalin-fixation time by measuring the signal of a reference gene (16srRNA) in selected tissues fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin for 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 60, 90, 180, and 270 d. The signal intensity and percent area of signal decreased after 180 d. Tissues had detectable signal at 180 d but not at 270 d of formalin fixation. To assess target detection in paraffin blocks, we qualitatively compared the signal of canine distemper virus (CDV) antigen via immunohistochemistry and CDV RNA via RNAscope ISH in replicate sections from blocks stored at room temperature for 6 mo, 1, 3, 6, 8, 11, 13, and 15 y; RNA was detected in FFPE tissues stored for up to 15 y. Our results demonstrate that RNAscope ISH can detect targets in tissues with prolonged paraffin storage intervals and formalin-fixation times.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11185121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140864159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Validation of a commercial ELISA kit to measure 11-oxoetiocholanolone in equine and bovine feces. 验证测量马和牛粪便中 11-oxoetiocholanolone 的商用酶联免疫吸附试剂盒。

IF 1.5 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-14 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241245948

Aloma Zoratti, Isabella Pividori, Antonella Comin, Alberto Prandi, Tanja Peric

{"title":"Validation of a commercial ELISA kit to measure 11-oxoetiocholanolone in equine and bovine feces.","authors":"Aloma Zoratti, Isabella Pividori, Antonella Comin, Alberto Prandi, Tanja Peric","doi":"10.1177/10406387241245948","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387241245948","url":null,"abstract":"Feces are a noninvasive and easily collectible matrix that may help determine cumulative hormone metabolite concentrations over medium-to-long times. To date, 11-oxoetiocholanolone, an important metabolite of cortisol, has been measured in equine and bovine feces solely by an in-house enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Therefore, we validated the use of a commercial ELISA kit (11-oxoetiocholanolone ELISA kit; Cayman Chemical), which had been validated on sheep feces and human urine, to measure 11-oxoetiocholanolone in feces from 42 horses and 32 bulls. The ELISA kit had good precision (intra- and inter-assay CVs: 5.8% and 11.2% for equine feces; 9.9% and 11.2% for bovine feces, respectively), analytical sensitivity (0.186 ng/mL for both equine and bovine feces), and accuracy (parallelism and recovery tests) in determining 11-oxoetiocholanolone concentrations in feces from both species. We found ranges of 11-oxoetiocholanolone concentrations of 1-109 ng/g in equine feces and 40-302 ng/g in feces of bulls. The Cayman Chemical ELISA kit offers a simple and accessible means of analysis of 11-oxoetiocholanolone in equine and bovine fecal samples.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11185119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of macropodid alphaherpesvirus 2 infection and lesions in sudden death of a captive Virginia opossum and a water opossum. 在圈养的弗吉尼亚负鼠和水负鼠猝死中检测到大足类阿尔法疱疹病毒 2 感染和病变。

IF 1.2 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1177/10406387241252635

Steven Debrincat, Daniel Rejmanek, Arno Wünschmann, Beate M Crossley, Jennifer Jelinski, Anibal G Armién

{"title":"Detection of macropodid alphaherpesvirus 2 infection and lesions in sudden death of a captive Virginia opossum and a water opossum.","authors":"Steven Debrincat, Daniel Rejmanek, Arno Wünschmann, Beate M Crossley, Jennifer Jelinski, Anibal G Armién","doi":"10.1177/10406387241252635","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387241252635","url":null,"abstract":"Macropodid alphaherpesvirus 2 (MaAHV2) is best described in macropods and has been implicated in outbreaks among captive marsupial populations in Australia. Natural disease caused by herpesviruses has not been reported previously in opossum species, to our knowledge. One Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) and 1 water opossum (Chironectes minimus) were submitted for postmortem examination from a zoo that housed 6 opossums, all of which died within several weeks. Red kangaroos (Macropus rufus) and red-necked wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus) were also present at the facility. Liver samples from both opossums were submitted for transmission electron microscopy and whole-genome sequencing. Microscopically, both opossums had multifocal necrosis in the liver and lung, with intranuclear inclusion bodies within hepatocytes and pneumocytes. Another significant finding in the Virginia opossum was sepsis, with isolation of Streptococcus didelphis from various organs. Ultrastructural analysis of formalin-fixed liver tissue identified herpesviral replication complexes in both opossums; negative-stain electron microscopy of unfixed liver tissue repeatedly yielded a negative result. The herpesvirus had >99% nucleotide identity with MaAHV2. These 2 cases indicate that both opossum species are susceptible to MaAHV2 infection, and the outbreak has implications for mixed-species facilities that house macropods.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11185113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0