Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation最新文献

Recent advances in techniques used in the diagnosis of lumpy skin disease: a review. 肿块性皮肤病诊断技术的最新进展

IF 1.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1177/10406387251373081

Bilal A Bhat, Fatmah M Alqahtani, Majid Alhomrani, Sheikh Adil, Walaa F Alsanie, Abdulhakeem S Alamri, Luay M Alkazmi

{"title":"Recent advances in techniques used in the diagnosis of lumpy skin disease: a review.","authors":"Bilal A Bhat, Fatmah M Alqahtani, Majid Alhomrani, Sheikh Adil, Walaa F Alsanie, Abdulhakeem S Alamri, Luay M Alkazmi","doi":"10.1177/10406387251373081","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251373081","url":null,"abstract":"Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral disease that affects livestock and is caused by the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV). An outbreak of LSD in any country can lead to acute economic damage for livestock owners. The significance of prompt and accurate diagnosis in managing this viral disease cannot be overstated. Here we review the techniques used for the detection of LSDV and its application in the diagnosis of LSD. Nucleic acid detection, including conventional PCR, quantitative real-time PCR, and high-resolution melting assays, is used most often because of its strong sensitivity and specificity. These methods are expensive and require skilled personnel. Faster but less-sensitive tests include immunoassay formats, such as ELISA, virus neutralization test, immunoperoxidase monolayer assay, and indirect fluorescent antibody test. Various serologic and molecular tests are used to distinguish virulent strains of LSDV from vaccine strains. As well, sheeppox virus, goatpox virus, and LSDV share 96-97% genetic resemblance and must be differentiated reliably. New techniques, such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification, recombinase polymerase amplification, fluorescence assays based on CRISPR-Cas12a, nanopore sequencing, and lateral flow immunoassays, provide greater sensitivity in detecting lower quantities of viral nucleic acids, making them ideal for quick and economical tests in the field.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"10406387251373081"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12423095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spontaneous oronasal ejection of neoplastic and non-neoplastic nodules by 21 dogs, 2000-2024. 21只犬的自发性口鼻喷射物的肿瘤和非肿瘤结节，2000-2024。

IF 1.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/10406387251368304

Daniel A Sebastian Pineda, Fabiano N Oliveira, Erin A Graham, Ricardo E Mendes, Daniel R Rissi

{"title":"Spontaneous oronasal ejection of neoplastic and non-neoplastic nodules by 21 dogs, 2000-2024.","authors":"Daniel A Sebastian Pineda, Fabiano N Oliveira, Erin A Graham, Ricardo E Mendes, Daniel R Rissi","doi":"10.1177/10406387251368304","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251368304","url":null,"abstract":"Spontaneous ejection of tissues from body orifices is rare in veterinary medicine. Here we underscore the diagnostic value of tissues spontaneously ejected from the nose or mouth of 21 dogs and submitted for histologic evaluation at 3 veterinary diagnostic institutions. Cases were retrospectively searched (2000-2024) from the Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Tifton Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, and Antech Diagnostics web-based archive systems. Affected dogs were adults (x̄ age = 9.5 y) of several breeds. There were 13 male (8 castrated, 5 intact) and 8 spayed female dogs. Clinical signs consisted mainly of sneezing (19 of 21 cases) and epistaxis (11 cases), with spontaneous ejection of red-to-brown and fleshy-or-spongy nodules from the nose (19 cases) or mouth (2). Histologically, lesions consisted of neoplasms (19 cases) or clusters of fibrinous or suppurative exudate with hemorrhage (2). Epithelial neoplasms consisted of carcinomas and adenocarcinomas (3 cases each), and squamous cell carcinoma and a presumed adenoma (1 case each). Mesenchymal neoplasms consisted of spindle-cell sarcomas (4 cases), presumed osteosarcomas (2), and a chondrosarcoma and a chondrosarcoma/chondroblastic osteosarcoma (1 case each). Round-cell neoplasms included a B-cell lymphoma, a presumed lymphoma, and a plasmacytoma (1 case each). The presence of nasal mucosa and turbinates was supportive of nasal tumor in 4 cases. Although the anatomic origin of neoplasms cannot be determined in all cases, tissues ejected from the nose or mouth can be suitable for a histologic diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"10406387251368304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12411473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the performance of a point-of-care molecular assay for simultaneous detection of the agents of American foulbrood and European foulbrood in apiaries. 在养蜂场同时检测美国和欧洲臭蝇剂的即时护理分子测定的性能评价。

IF 1.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/10406387251369898

Juhaeng Heo, Doo-Sung Cheon, Nyun-Ki Chung, Yongrae Kim, Dae-Yong Kim

{"title":"Evaluation of the performance of a point-of-care molecular assay for simultaneous detection of the agents of American foulbrood and European foulbrood in apiaries.","authors":"Juhaeng Heo, Doo-Sung Cheon, Nyun-Ki Chung, Yongrae Kim, Dae-Yong Kim","doi":"10.1177/10406387251369898","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251369898","url":null,"abstract":"American foulbrood (AFB) and European foulbrood (EFB), caused by Paenibacillus larvae and Melissococcus plutonius, respectively, are severe bacterial diseases that significantly affect honey bee health and productivity worldwide. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective disease management in apiaries. We developed and validated a multiplex point-of-care (POC) quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay that enables simultaneous and rapid detection of P. larvae and M. plutonius directly in apiaries. Our POC qPCR assay, using the XQ station (Postbio), had diagnostic sensitivity and specificity comparable to laboratory-based qPCR assays. For P. larvae detection, the POC qPCR assay had a sensitivity of 93% (56 of 60 samples) and specificity of 97% (97 of 100 samples). Similarly, for M. plutonius, sensitivity was 95% (59 of 62 samples) and specificity was 97% (97 of 100 samples). Our POC qPCR assay had analytical sensitivity comparable to that of laboratory-based qPCR assays, with a limit of detection of ~102 copies/reaction for both pathogens. Additionally, the assay had high analytical specificity, with no cross-reactivity against other common honey bee pathogens, including deformed wing virus (DWV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), and Vairimorpha ceranae. Our POC qPCR assay consistently had lower cycle quantification values than the laboratory-based qPCR on the same samples, indicating robust detection capability even at low pathogen concentrations. Although not compared to a gold standard, our POC qPCR assay had reliable diagnostic performance. Our multiplex POC qPCR assay enables rapid, accurate pathogen detection in apiaries, thereby enhancing disease management and supporting sustainable, productive apiculture.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"10406387251369898"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12411484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perirenal hemorrhage associated with feline infectious peritonitis: a novel presentation of a classic disease. 与猫感染性腹膜炎相关的肾周出血：一种经典疾病的新表现。

IF 1.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1177/10406387251341239

Madeleine I Gauthier, Carolyn Legge, Dayna A Goldsmith, Maria Bravo Araya, Jennifer L Davies

{"title":"Perirenal hemorrhage associated with feline infectious peritonitis: a novel presentation of a classic disease.","authors":"Madeleine I Gauthier, Carolyn Legge, Dayna A Goldsmith, Maria Bravo Araya, Jennifer L Davies","doi":"10.1177/10406387251341239","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251341239","url":null,"abstract":"Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), caused by a mutated biotype of feline coronavirus (FCoV; Coronaviridae, Alphacoronavirus), is a significant disease of felids. We investigated perirenal hemorrhage, an unreported lesion in FIP, through a retrospective analysis of 51 immunohistochemistry-confirmed FIP cases submitted to the Diagnostic Services Unit (DSU; University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada) between 2010 June 30 and 2024 June 30. Five cats had perirenal hemorrhage in the right retroperitoneal space; 4 had concurrent subcapsular renal hemorrhage; and 1 had sublumbar muscle hemorrhage and hemoabdomen. One case had additional hemorrhages in the brain and cervical spinal cord. Concurrent gross lesions typical of FIP included pyogranulomatous inflammation in various organs and protein-rich cavitary effusions. Histologic lesions typical of FIP (vasculitis and pyogranulomatous inflammation) were present in the kidneys and retroperitoneal fat of 4 cases, and in 3 cases, FCoV antigen was demonstrated in the regions of hemorrhage. The exact mechanism of this hemorrhage is unknown, but we speculate that vasculitis caused by FIP is the cause. Despite the relatively low prevalence of perirenal hemorrhage in this cohort, this lesion represents a unique, previously unreported manifestation of FIP that clinicians and pathologists should be aware of and consider in the differential diagnosis for fluid accumulation or space-occupying lesions in the retroperitoneum of cats.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"828-832"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12122466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of amyloid deposits in exocrine pancreatic tumors in cats. 猫外分泌胰腺肿瘤中淀粉样蛋白沉积的特征。

IF 1.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1177/10406387251343842

Niki Sedghi Masoud, Susumu Iwaide, Yoshiyuki Itoh, Miki Hisada, Tomoyuki Harada, Noboru Machida, Tomoaki Murakami

{"title":"Characterization of amyloid deposits in exocrine pancreatic tumors in cats.","authors":"Niki Sedghi Masoud, Susumu Iwaide, Yoshiyuki Itoh, Miki Hisada, Tomoyuki Harada, Noboru Machida, Tomoaki Murakami","doi":"10.1177/10406387251343842","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251343842","url":null,"abstract":"Some types of amyloidosis are observed as localized conditions associated with tumors, such as plasmacytoma and C-cell carcinoma. Although pancreatic endocrine tumors have been linked to amyloid deposition, the potential for amyloid formation in exocrine pancreatic tumors has remained unexplored in both animals and humans. We examined amyloid deposits in 24 feline cases of exocrine pancreatic tumors. Histologic analysis identified amyloid deposits in 8 cases, appearing as Congo red-positive amorphous material in the luminal corpora amylacea. Microdissection and mass spectrometry analysis of amyloid deposits from 5 cases identified lithostathine as the major component in 3 of the cases. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of lithostathine in these deposits, identifying lithostathine-derived amyloid. Conversely, other cases had no consistent lithostathine positivity, indicating that multiple amyloidogenic proteins, not just lithostathine, may be involved in exocrine pancreatic tumor-associated amyloidosis.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"779-785"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hemorrhagic septicemia in the United States: molecular characterization of isolates and comparison to a global collection. 美国出血性败血症：分离株的分子特征和与全球收集的比较。

IF 1.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1177/10406387251342528

Kelli J Maddock, Brianna L S Stenger, Heidi L Pecoraro, Jill C Roberts, John Dustin Loy, Brett T Webb

{"title":"Hemorrhagic septicemia in the United States: molecular characterization of isolates and comparison to a global collection.","authors":"Kelli J Maddock, Brianna L S Stenger, Heidi L Pecoraro, Jill C Roberts, John Dustin Loy, Brett T Webb","doi":"10.1177/10406387251342528","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251342528","url":null,"abstract":"Hemorrhagic septicemia-causing strains of Pasteurella multocida are endemic in Asia and Africa, but naturally occurring hemorrhagic septicemia has not been described in livestock in the United States since 1993. There are 5 capsular types of P. multocida: A, B, D, E, and F. Two capsular types (B, E) cause hemorrhagic septicemia, whereas capsular types A and, to a lesser extent, D are associated with enzootic bovine pneumonia. Here we describe 2 naturally occurring cases of hemorrhagic septicemia caused by P. multocida capsular type B:3,4 in the United States, including molecular characterization of these strains, with a comparison to available reference strains and publicly available genomes of P. multocida capsular type B. Genomic analyses demonstrated that our case strains are similar to a strain isolated from New Jersey cattle in 1968 and to contemporaneous strains from New Zealand and Canada. These strains are different from those circulating globally, as demonstrated by the need to assign new sequence types for our isolates. Hemorrhagic septicemia appears to be re-emerging globally in countries that have not seen outbreaks in decades and may be poised for re-emergence in the United States given the identification of these novel strains.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"771-778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anogenital papillomatosis associated with a novel papillomavirus in a grey-headed flying fox. 灰头狐的肛门生殖器乳头状瘤病与一种新型乳头状瘤病毒有关。

IF 1.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1177/10406387251341935

John S Munday, Susan E Brown, Emily E Kay, Ludovica D Valenza

{"title":"Anogenital papillomatosis associated with a novel papillomavirus in a grey-headed flying fox.","authors":"John S Munday, Susan E Brown, Emily E Kay, Ludovica D Valenza","doi":"10.1177/10406387251341935","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251341935","url":null,"abstract":"A 0.5-cm nodular thickening of the vagina was observed in a flying fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) that had been rescued after becoming entangled in fruit netting. Over the following 6 mo, the thickening progressed to diffuse multinodular mucosal thickening of both the vagina and anus. The proliferative lesions were removed surgically. Histologically, the thickened mucosa was arranged in numerous small exophytic papillomas. Cells within the basilar layers were crowded and basophilic. Rarely, enlarged cells that contained increased quantities of pale, smudged eosinophilic cytoplasm [consistent with papillomavirus (PV)-induced cellular changes] were visible. PCR amplified a PV DNA sequence from a sample of affected vaginal mucosa; the sequence was ~90% similar to a PV DNA sequence previously detected as a subclinical infection in an African species of fruit bat. The lesion had not recurred within 6 mo of surgical excision. This is the second report of PV-associated disease in bats; to our knowledge, PV infection has not been reported previously in association with anogenital lesions in bats. Additionally, to our knowledge, a PV has not been identified previously in an Australian bat species.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"833-836"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient blocking ELISA for bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 using a gB epitope-specific monoclonal antibody. 使用gB表位特异性单克隆抗体高效阻断牛α疱疹病毒1的ELISA试剂盒。

IF 1.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1177/10406387251346909

Shuang-Yan Xiao, Feng-Dong Zhu, Dan-Jing Wang, Yan-Long Hu, Hui-Qin Jia, Huan-Chun Chen, Zheng-Fei Liu

{"title":"Efficient blocking ELISA for bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 using a gB epitope-specific monoclonal antibody.","authors":"Shuang-Yan Xiao, Feng-Dong Zhu, Dan-Jing Wang, Yan-Long Hu, Hui-Qin Jia, Huan-Chun Chen, Zheng-Fei Liu","doi":"10.1177/10406387251346909","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251346909","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is an infectious respiratory disease in cattle that is caused by bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1). We immunized BALB/c mice with inactivated and purified BoAHV1 to prepare hybridoma cells. After the successful establishment of a positive hybridoma cell line, co-immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry unveiled the predominant targeting of glycoprotein B (gB) by the hybridoma cells. Through bioinformatics analysis and Western blot techniques, we identified the epitope of the monoclonal antibody (mAb) against gB to amino acids 1-170. Subsequently, the 1H3 mAb was leveraged for the development of a gB blocking ELISA (gB-bELISA), utilizing inactivated BoAHV1 virions as the coating antigen. The optimized protocol involved diluting samples 2-fold with 1% fish gelatin, followed by incubation periods of 120 min for samples, 30 min for HRP-conjugated 1H3 mAb, and 15 min for the TMB substrate. We validated our assay using 268 bovine serum samples with clear backgrounds and established the cutoff value of 43.8% through ROC analysis. Additionally, we tested 256 clinical bovine serum samples using both our gB-bELISA and a virus neutralization test, achieving a concordance rate of 95.3%. Based on testing 495 randomly selected sera from 18 counties for BoAHV1 antibodies with our gB-bELISA, the seroprevalence of IBR in the Central China region was 22.0% (95% CI: 18.4, 25.7). Our gB-bELISA could be a valuable tool for the clinical detection of IBR, supporting disease control and eradication efforts.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"786-799"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An investigation of the role of wild rats in transmitting Leptospira spp. to stray cats and dogs in Malaysia. 马来西亚野鼠传播钩端螺旋体给流浪猫和狗的调查。

IF 1.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1177/10406387251355254

Zafirah Muhd, Kuan Hua Khor, Abdul Rahman Alashraf, Seng Fong Lau, Rozanaliza Radzi, Siti Khairani Bejo, Rohaidah Hashim

{"title":"An investigation of the role of wild rats in transmitting Leptospira spp. to stray cats and dogs in Malaysia.","authors":"Zafirah Muhd, Kuan Hua Khor, Abdul Rahman Alashraf, Seng Fong Lau, Rozanaliza Radzi, Siti Khairani Bejo, Rohaidah Hashim","doi":"10.1177/10406387251355254","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251355254","url":null,"abstract":"Stray cats and dogs have been reported to shed Leptospira spp., and wild rats are speculated to be involved. We aimed to elucidate the role of wild rats in transmitting Leptospira to stray cats and dogs in Malaysia. We tested sera from 124 wild rats with the microscopic agglutination test (MAT): 88 of 122 (72%) sera were positive (titer ≥1:100), with the predominant serovars Icterohaemorrhagiae, Bataviae, Ballum, Javanica, Lai, and Pomona. With a Leptospira-specific PCR assay, we detected pathogenic Leptospira spp. in 33 of 124 (27%) kidney samples and 13 of 79 (16%) urine samples. Isolates obtained by culture of rat kidney and urine were identified to the species level with MAT using hyperimmune sera and the PCR assay. From 29 isolates, 2 pathogenic species were identified: L. interrogans serovar Bataviae and L. borgpetersenii serovar Javanica. Phylogenetic analysis using partial 16S rDNA sequences of the Leptospira spp. from the wild rats indicated that the species were similar to isolates from stray cats and dogs in previous studies. We confirmed that wild rats carried pathogenic Leptospira spp. and were a potential source of leptospiral infection of stray cats and dogs in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"800-805"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12267210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144642877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization and validation of ELISAs for interferon-gamma determination in bison. 野牛血清干扰素测定elisa的优化与验证。

IF 1.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1177/10406387251344567

Josephine Chileshe, Todd Shury, Jeffrey M Chen

{"title":"Optimization and validation of ELISAs for interferon-gamma determination in bison.","authors":"Josephine Chileshe, Todd Shury, Jeffrey M Chen","doi":"10.1177/10406387251344567","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387251344567","url":null,"abstract":"Bovine tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium bovis, is endemic in the Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada, home to free-ranging and threatened wood bison. This disease poses a threat to the conservation of this culturally and ecologically important animal species, as well as potentially impacting the health of humans and other animal species via zoonosis and spillover, respectively. The ability to detect infection early will minimize and prevent the potential risk of M. bovis transmission. Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) assays are a reliable detection method for M. bovis in cattle and other wildlife species and may have diagnostic value in bison as well. We aimed to optimize and partially validate 2 commercial IFNγ ELISAs to detect endogenous bison IFNγ in mitogen-stimulated whole blood. Parameters evaluated included antibody identification, sample matrix effect, dilution linearity, assay reproducibility, and limit of quantification. The optimized assays demonstrated linear responses to recombinant bovine and endogenous bison IFNγ (range: 1-125 pg/mL; R2 = 0.99), with good recovery and fair reproducibility, and a low limit of quantification of 1 pg/mL. Mabtech bovine Flex and Pro kits have the same antibodies but in 2 different assay formats; an in-house assay platform (Flex kit) and precoated plates (Pro kit) are considered suitable for measuring bison IFNγ, offering flexibility depending on available resources.","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"764-770"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12133778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0