Dirofilaria immitis antigen detection in the urine of dogs with known and unknown infection status.

IF 1.2 3区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Andrew C Brown, Meriam N Saleh, J Mack Fudge, Mary B Nabity, Guilherme G Verocai
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Abstract

Canine heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis, causes a potentially fatal, multisystemic disease in dogs. Diagnosis of heartworm disease relies on serologic antigen detection and microfilariae identification. Immune-complex dissociation (ICD) of serum or plasma by heat treatment increases detection. We assessed urine as a sample for heartworm antigen detection in dogs with known and unknown infection status using a commercial ELISA. Twenty-nine matching serum or plasma and urine samples were collected from 20 experimentally infected dogs to assess antigen detection in urine. Matching serum and urine samples of 267 dogs admitted to a spay/neuter clinic with unknown infection status were also screened. In experimentally infected dogs, antigenemia was detected in 86% of samples pre-ICD and 91% post-ICD; antigenuria was detected in 76% pre-ICD and 72% post-ICD; differences were not statistically significant. In clinic samples, antigenemia was detected in 7.9% of dogs pre-ICD and 12.4% post-ICD; antigenuria was detected in 11.6% of dogs pre-ICD and 6.4% post-ICD. In experimental infection samples, sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), and positive predictive value of antigenuria were high (85%, 100%, 100%, respectively). In clinic samples, Se and negative predictive value were high (95% and 92%, respectively). Our data confirm that heartworm antigen can be detected in the urine of dogs with both experimental heartworm infections and with unknown infection status. However, antigenuria had high Sp and low Se compared to matching serum of clinic dog samples and urine cannot be recommended for routine screening.

已知和未知感染状态犬尿液中免疫双丝虫抗原检测。
犬心丝虫是一种具有潜在致命性的犬类多系统疾病。心丝虫病的诊断依赖于血清学抗原检测和微丝虫鉴定。免疫复合物解离(ICD)的血清或血浆热处理增加检测。我们使用商用ELISA对已知和未知感染状态的狗的尿液样本进行了心丝虫抗原检测。从20只实验感染犬中采集29份匹配的血清或血浆和尿液样本,评估尿液中抗原的检测。还筛选了267只进入绝育/绝育诊所感染状况不明的狗的匹配血清和尿液样本。在实验感染的狗中,86%的样本在icd前和91%的icd后检测到抗原血症;icd前和icd后分别有76%和72%的患者检测到抗原尿;差异无统计学意义。在临床样本中,icd前和icd后分别有7.9%和12.4%的狗检测到抗原血症;icd前和icd后分别有11.6%和6.4%的狗出现抗原尿。在实验感染样本中,抗原尿的敏感性(Se)、特异性(Sp)和阳性预测值均较高(分别为85%、100%、100%)。在临床样本中,Se和阴性预测值较高(分别为95%和92%)。我们的数据证实,心丝虫抗原可以在实验感染和未知感染状态的狗的尿液中检测到。然而,与临床犬样本的匹配血清相比,抗原尿具有高Sp和低Se,因此不推荐用于常规筛查。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
6.70%
发文量
127
审稿时长
6-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation (J Vet Diagn Invest) is an international peer-reviewed journal published bimonthly in English by the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD). JVDI is devoted to all aspects of veterinary laboratory diagnostic science including the major disciplines of anatomic pathology, bacteriology/mycology, clinical pathology, epidemiology, immunology, laboratory information management, molecular biology, parasitology, public health, toxicology, and virology.
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